10-Q
    

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2015
or
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from         to                         
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-12307
ZIONS BANCORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
UTAH
87-0227400
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
One South Main, 15th Floor
Salt Lake City, Utah
84133
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (801) 844-7637
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
ý
Accelerated filer
¨
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
¨
Smaller reporting company
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Common Stock, without par value, outstanding at November 2, 2015
204,294,516 shares



ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Table of Contents


 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
Item 1A.
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 6.
 
 

2


Table of Contents

PART I.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except shares)
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
(Unaudited)
 
 
ASSETS
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
$
602,694

 
$
841,942

Money market investments:
 
 
 
Interest-bearing deposits
6,558,678

 
7,178,097

Federal funds sold and security resell agreements
1,325,501

 
1,386,291

Investment securities:
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (approximate fair value $553,088 and $677,196)
544,168

 
647,252

Available-for-sale, at fair value
6,000,011

 
3,844,248

Trading account, at fair value
73,521

 
70,601

 
6,617,700

 
4,562,101

 
 
 
 
Loans held for sale
139,122

 
132,504

 
 
 
 
Loans and leases, net of unearned income and fees
40,113,123

 
40,063,658

Less allowance for loan losses
596,440

 
604,663

Loans, net of allowance
39,516,683

 
39,458,995

 
 
 
 
Other noninterest-bearing investments
851,225

 
865,950

Premises and equipment, net
873,800

 
829,809

Goodwill
1,014,129

 
1,014,129

Core deposit and other intangibles
18,546

 
25,520

Other real estate owned
12,799

 
18,916

Other assets
880,050

 
894,620

 
$
58,410,927

 
$
57,208,874

 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Deposits:
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing demand
$
21,572,022

 
$
20,529,124

Interest-bearing:
 
 
 
Savings and money market
24,690,359

 
24,583,636

Time
2,216,206

 
2,406,924

Foreign
441,560

 
328,391

 
48,920,147

 
47,848,075

 
 
 
 
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings
272,391

 
244,223

Long-term debt
944,752

 
1,092,282

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
81,389

 
81,076

Other liabilities
554,153

 
573,688

Total liabilities
50,772,832

 
49,839,344

 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
Preferred stock, without par value, authorized 4,400,000 shares
1,004,159

 
1,004,011

Common stock, without par value; authorized 350,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 204,278,594 and 203,014,903 shares
4,756,288

 
4,723,855

Retained earnings
1,894,623

 
1,769,705

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
(16,975
)
 
(128,041
)
Total shareholders’ equity
7,638,095

 
7,369,530

 
$
58,410,927

 
$
57,208,874

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

3


Table of Contents

ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Interest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest and fees on loans
$
419,981

 
$
430,416

 
$
1,256,378

 
$
1,298,567

Interest on money market investments
6,018

 
5,483

 
17,021

 
15,501

Interest on securities
30,231

 
24,377

 
86,513

 
76,973

Total interest income
456,230

 
460,276

 
1,359,912

 
1,391,041

Interest expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest on deposits
12,542

 
12,313

 
36,967

 
37,188

Interest on short- and long-term borrowings
18,311

 
31,144

 
56,518

 
104,280

Total interest expense
30,853

 
43,457

 
93,485

 
141,468

Net interest income
425,377

 
416,819

 
1,266,427

 
1,249,573

Provision for loan losses
18,262

 
(54,643
)
 
17,334

 
(109,669
)
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
407,115

 
471,462

 
1,249,093

 
1,359,242

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts
43,196

 
43,468

 
126,006

 
126,068

Other service charges, commissions and fees
52,837

 
51,639

 
152,028

 
143,847

Wealth management income
7,496

 
7,438

 
23,271

 
22,495

Loan sales and servicing income
7,728

 
7,592

 
23,816

 
22,020

Capital markets and foreign exchange
6,624

 
5,400

 
19,400

 
16,319

Dividends and other investment income
8,449

 
11,324

 
27,164

 
27,183

Fair value and nonhedge derivative income (loss)
(1,555
)
 
44

 
(799
)
 
(10,429
)
Equity securities gains, net
3,630

 
440

 
11,822

 
3,865

Fixed income securities gains (losses), net
(53
)
 
(13,901
)
 
(138,728
)
 
22,039

Impairment losses on investment securities

 

 

 
(27
)
Less amounts recognized in other comprehensive income

 


 

 

Net impairment losses on investment securities

 

 

 
(27
)
Other
2,461

 
2,627

 
9,076

 
5,854

Total noninterest income
130,813

 
116,071

 
253,056

 
379,234

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries and employee benefits
242,023

 
245,518

 
736,675

 
717,680

Occupancy, net
29,477

 
28,495

 
88,911

 
85,739

Furniture, equipment and software
30,416

 
28,524

 
91,376

 
84,454

Other real estate expense, net
(40
)
 
875

 
(111
)
 
2,216

Credit-related expense
6,914

 
6,508

 
20,959

 
20,615

Provision for unfunded lending commitments
1,428

 
(16,095
)
 
313

 
(10,328
)
Professional and legal services
12,699

 
16,588

 
37,292

 
39,754

Advertising
6,136

 
6,094

 
19,622

 
19,295

FDIC premiums
8,500

 
8,204

 
25,228

 
24,143

Amortization of core deposit and other intangibles
2,298

 
2,665

 
6,974

 
8,283

Debt extinguishment cost

 
44,422

 
2,395

 
44,422

Other
56,298

 
66,738

 
168,076

 
206,353

Total noninterest expense
396,149

 
438,536

 
1,197,710

 
1,242,626

Income before income taxes
141,779

 
148,997

 
304,439

 
495,850

Income taxes
40,780

 
53,109

 
97,455

 
179,202

Net income
100,999

 
95,888

 
206,984

 
316,648

Dividends on preferred stock
(16,761
)
 
(16,761
)
 
(48,567
)
 
(56,841
)
Net earnings applicable to common shareholders
$
84,238

 
$
79,127

 
$
158,417

 
$
259,807

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding during the period:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic shares
203,668

 
196,687

 
203,057

 
188,643

Diluted shares
204,155

 
197,271

 
203,511

 
189,260

Net earnings per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
0.41

 
$
0.40

 
$
0.77

 
$
1.36

Diluted
0.41

 
0.40

 
0.77

 
1.36

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

4


Table of Contents

ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)

 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In thousands)
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income for the period
 
$
100,999

 
$
95,888

 
$
206,984

 
$
316,648

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized holding gains on investment securities
 
11,268

 
18,265

 
4,460

 
100,723

Reclassification of HTM securities to AFS securities
 

 

 
10,938

 

Reclassification to earnings for realized net fixed income securities losses (gains)
 
33

 
7,886

 
85,845

 
(20,058
)
Reclassification to earnings for net credit-related impairment losses on investment securities
 

 

 

 
17

Accretion of securities with noncredit-related impairment losses not expected to be sold
 

 
276

 

 
835

Net unrealized gains (losses) on other noninterest-bearing investments
 
(1,881
)
 
454

 
94

 
(333
)
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on derivative instruments
 
10,607

 
(508
)
 
12,941

 
1,011

Reclassification adjustment for increase in interest income recognized in earnings on derivative instruments
 
(1,830
)
 
(463
)
 
(3,212
)
 
(1,021
)
Other comprehensive income
 
18,197

 
25,910

 
111,066

 
81,174

Comprehensive income
 
$
119,196

 
$
121,798

 
$
318,050

 
$
397,822

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

5


Table of Contents

ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except shares
and per share amounts)
Preferred
stock
 
Common stock
 
Retained earnings
 
Accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss)
 
Total
shareholders’ equity
Shares
 
Amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2014
$
1,004,011

 
203,014,903

 
$
4,723,855

 
$
1,769,705

 
 
$
(128,041
)
 
 
$
7,369,530

Net income for the period
 
 
 
 
 
 
206,984

 
 
 
 
 
206,984

Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
111,066

 
 
111,066

Subordinated debt converted to preferred stock
148

 
 
 
(44
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
104

Net activity under employee plans and related tax benefits
 
 
1,263,691

 
32,477

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32,477

Dividends on preferred stock


 
 
 
 
 
(48,567
)
 
 
 
 
 
(48,567
)
Dividends on common stock, $0.16 per share
 
 
 
 
 
 
(32,785
)
 
 
 
 
 
(32,785
)
Change in deferred compensation
 
 
 
 
 
 
(714
)
 
 
 
 
 
(714
)
Balance at September 30, 2015
$
1,004,159

 
204,278,594

 
$
4,756,288

 
$
1,894,623

 
 
$
(16,975
)
 
 
$
7,638,095

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2013
$
1,003,970

 
184,677,696

 
$
4,179,024

 
$
1,473,670

 
 
$
(192,101
)
 
 
$
6,464,563

Net income for the period
 
 
 
 
 
 
316,648

 
 
 
 
 
316,648

Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
81,174

 
 
81,174

Issuance of common stock
 
 
17,617,450

 
515,856

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
515,856

Subordinated debt converted to preferred stock
36

 
 
 
(5
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31

Net activity under employee plans and related tax benefits
 
 
603,345

 
22,420

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22,420

Dividends on preferred stock


 
 
 
 
 
(56,841
)
 
 
 
 
 
(56,841
)
Dividends on common stock, $0.12 per share
 
 
 
 
 
 
(23,039
)
 
 
 
 
 
(23,039
)
Change in deferred compensation
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,347

 
 
 
 
 
1,347

Balance at September 30, 2014
$
1,004,006

 
202,898,491

 
$
4,717,295

 
$
1,711,785

 
 
$
(110,927
)
 
 
$
7,322,159

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

6


Table of Contents

ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)

Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income for the period
$
100,999

 
$
95,888

 
$
206,984

 
$
316,648

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt extinguishment cost

 
44,422

 
2,395

 
44,422

Provision for credit losses
19,690

 
(70,738
)
 
17,647

 
(119,997
)
Depreciation and amortization
40,281

 
33,860

 
109,563

 
97,414

Fixed income securities losses (gains), net
53

 
13,901

 
138,728

 
(22,039
)
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
(10,027
)
 
2,960

 
(51,056
)
 
22,368

Net decrease (increase) in trading securities
970

 
1,241

 
(2,950
)
 
(20,868
)
Net decrease in loans held for sale
23,314

 
53,820

 
3,263

 
60,774

Change in other liabilities
21,525

 
33,919

 
(14,738
)
 
(24,598
)
Change in other assets
31,178

 
4,739

 
(1,991
)
 
(8,721
)
Other, net
(15,461
)
 
(5,745
)
 
(21,475
)
 
6,528

Net cash provided by operating activities
212,522

 
208,267

 
386,370

 
351,931

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net decrease (increase) in money market investments
1,181,378

 
(955,971
)
 
680,209

 
635,594

Proceeds from maturities and paydowns of investment securities
held-to-maturity
26,875

 
20,796

 
87,785

 
58,921

Purchases of investment securities held-to-maturity
(142
)
 
(14,964
)
 
(24,203
)
 
(78,228
)
Proceeds from sales, maturities, and paydowns of investment securities available-for-sale
385,584

 
374,973

 
1,365,851

 
1,417,234

Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale
(1,728,939
)
 
(451,212
)
 
(3,486,509
)
 
(1,125,036
)
Net change in loans and leases
(122,868
)
 
(126,173
)
 
(74,974
)
 
(738,706
)
Purchases of premises and equipment
(38,747
)
 
(26,153
)
 
(106,115
)
 
(138,884
)
Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned
8,019

 
8,200

 
16,592

 
37,112

Other, net
17,610

 
12,799

 
46,935

 
19,796

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
(271,230
)
 
(1,157,705
)
 
(1,494,429
)
 
87,803

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net increase (decrease) in deposits
(16,977
)
 
594,422

 
1,072,072

 
(96,321
)
Net change in short-term funds borrowed
45,267

 
(66,603
)
 
28,168

 
(148,550
)
Repayments of long-term debt
(111,477
)
 
(834,964
)
 
(164,082
)
 
(1,196,123
)
Debt extinguishment costs paid

 
(35,435
)
 
(2,395
)
 
(35,435
)
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock
13,599

 
519,559

 
19,631

 
524,080

Dividends paid on common and preferred stock
(27,420
)
 
(23,243
)
 
(79,699
)
 
(71,191
)
Other, net
172

 
112

 
(4,884
)
 
(3,579
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
(96,836
)
 
153,848

 
868,811

 
(1,027,119
)
Net decrease in cash and due from banks
(155,544
)
 
(795,590
)
 
(239,248
)
 
(587,385
)
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period
758,238

 
1,381,262

 
841,942

 
1,173,057

Cash and due from banks at end of period
$
602,694

 
$
585,672

 
$
602,694

 
$
585,672

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash paid for interest
$
22,162

 
$
41,138

 
$
73,219

 
$
122,807

Net cash paid for income taxes
8,679

 
58,645

 
100,505

 
181,301

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

7


Table of Contents

ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
September 30, 2015

1.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Zions Bancorporation (“the Parent”) and its majority-owned subsidiaries (collectively “the Company,” “Zions,” “we,” “our,” “us”) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. References to GAAP, including standards promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), are made according to sections of the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and to Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”), which include consensus issues of the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”). In certain cases, ASUs are issued jointly with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation. These reclassifications did not affect net income.
Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in future periods. The consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2014 is from the audited financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The Company provides a full range of banking and related services through subsidiary banks in 11 Western and Southwestern states as follows: Zions First National Bank (“Zions Bank”), in Utah, Idaho and Wyoming; Amegy Corporation (“Amegy”) and its subsidiary, Amegy Bank, in Texas; California Bank & Trust (“CB&T”); National Bank of Arizona (“NBAZ”); Nevada State Bank (“NSB”); Vectra Bank Colorado (“Vectra”), in Colorado and New Mexico; and The Commerce Bank of Washington (“TCBW”), in Washington and Oregon. Effective April 1, 2015, The Commerce Bank of Oregon (“TCBO”) was merged into TCBW. The Parent and its subsidiary banks also own and operate certain nonbank subsidiaries that engage in financial services. On June 1, 2015, the Company announced certain efficiency and restructuring initiatives that included, among other things, the mergers of its seven subsidiary banks into Zions Bank, whose name will be changed to ZB, N.A. Regional brand names according to geographic location will continue to be used. The Company has received approvals from the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and expects to complete the mergers following the close of business on December 31, 2015.

2.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Standard
 
Description
 
Date of adoption
 
Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Standards not yet adopted by the Company
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2015-07, Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or its Equivalent), (Topic 820)
 
The guidance eliminates the current requirement to categorize within the fair value hierarchy investments whose fair values are measured at net asset value (“NAV”) using the practical expedient in ASC 820. Fair value disclosure of these investments will be made to facilitate reconciliation to amounts reported on the balance sheet. Other related disclosures will continue when the NAV practical expedient is used. Adoption is retrospective and early adoption is permitted.
 
January 1, 2016
 
We do not currently expect this new disclosure guidance will have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

8


Table of Contents
ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Standard
 
Description
 
Date of adoption
 
Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Standards not yet adopted by the Company (continued)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2015-05, Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement (Subtopic 350-40)
 
The standard provides guidance to determine whether an arrangement includes a software license. If it does, the customer accounts for it the same way as for other software licenses. If no software license is included, the customer accounts for it as a service contract. Adoption may be retrospective or prospective. Early adoption is permitted.
 
January 1, 2016
 
We are currently evaluating the impact this new guidance may have on the Company’s financial statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs (Subtopic 835-30)
 
The standard requires that debt issuance costs be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the associated debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. Adoption is retrospective and early adoption is permitted.
 
January 1, 2016
 
We currently include debt issuance costs in other assets. The amount to be reclassified to the debt liability is not material to the Company’s financial statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2015-02, Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis (Topic 810)
 
The new standard changes certain criteria in the variable interest model and the voting model to determine whether certain legal entities are variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and whether they should be consolidated. Additional disclosures are required for entities not currently considered VIEs, but may become VIEs under the new guidance and may be subject to consolidation. Adoption may be retrospective or modified retrospective with a cumulative effect adjustment. Early adoption is permitted.
 
January 1, 2016
 
We currently do not consolidate any VIEs and do not expect this new guidance will have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)
 
The core principle is that a company will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The banking industry does not expect significant changes because major sources of revenue are from financial instruments that have been excluded from the scope of the new standard, (including loans, derivatives, debt and equity securities, etc.). However, the new standard affects other fees charged by banks, such as asset management fees, credit card interchange fees, deposit account fees, etc. Adoption may be made on a full retrospective basis with practical expedients, or on a modified retrospective basis with a cumulative effect adjustment. Early adoption of the guidance is permitted as of January 1, 2017.
 
January 1, 2018, as extended in August 2015 by ASU 2015-14
 
While we currently do not expect this standard will have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements, we are still in process of conducting our evaluation.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Standards adopted by the Company
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2014-14, Classification of Certain Government-Guaranteed Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure (Subtopic 310-40)
 
The standard addresses the classification of certain foreclosed mortgage loans fully or partially guaranteed under government programs. Under certain such programs, qualifying creditors can extend mortgage loans with a guarantee entitling the creditor to recover all or a portion of the unpaid principal balance from the government if the borrower defaults. A separate other receivable is established that is measured based on the amount of the loans expected to be recovered.
 
January 1, 2015
 
Our adoption of this standard had no impact on the accompanying financial statements.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Standard
 
Description
 
Date of adoption
 
Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Standards adopted by the Company (continued)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2014-04, Reclassification of Residential Real Estate Collateralized
Consumer Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure (Subtopic 310-40)
 
The standard clarifies that a creditor should be considered to have physical possession of a residential real estate property collateralizing a residential mortgage loan and thus would reclassify the loan to other real estate owned when certain conditions are satisfied. Additional financial statement disclosures will be required.
 
January 1, 2015
 
Our adoption of this standard added a nominal amount of additional disclosure to Note 6.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASU 2014-01, Accounting for Investments in Qualified Affordable Housing
Projects (Topic 323)
 
The standard revised conditions an entity must meet to elect the effective yield method when accounting for qualified affordable housing project investments. The EITF final consensus changed the method of amortizing a Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (“LIHTC”) investment from the effective yield method to a proportional amorti-zation method. Amortization would be proportional to the tax credits and tax benefits received but, under a practical expedient available in certain circumstances, amortization could be proportional to only the tax credits. Reporting entities that invest in LIHTC investments through a limited liability entity could elect the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met.
 
January 1, 2015
 
Our adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the accompanying financial statements.

3.
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Noncash activities are summarized as follows:
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans and leases transferred to other real estate owned
$
3,446

 
$
8,954

 
$
10,098

 
$
20,197

Loans held for sale reclassified as loans and leases
22,299

 
9,658

 
33,042

 
14,739

Amortized cost of HTM securities reclassified as AFS securities

 

 
79,276

 


4.
OFFSETTING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Gross and net information for selected financial instruments in the balance sheet is as follows:
 
 
September 30, 2015
(In thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross amounts not offset in the balance sheet
 
 
Description
 
Gross amounts recognized
 
Gross amounts offset in the balance sheet
 
Net amounts presented in the balance sheet
 
Financial instruments
 
Cash collateral received/pledged
 
Net amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal funds sold and security resell agreements
 
$
1,325,501

 
$

 
$
1,325,501

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,325,501

Derivatives (included in other assets)
 
103,119

 

 
103,119

 
(17,207
)
 

 
85,912

 
 
$
1,428,620

 
$

 
$
1,428,620

 
$
(17,207
)
 
$

 
$
1,411,413

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings
 
$
272,391

 
$

 
$
272,391

 
$

 
$

 
$
272,391

Derivatives (included in other liabilities)
 
86,363

 

 
86,363

 
(17,207
)
 
(37,109
)
 
32,047

 
 
$
358,754

 
$

 
$
358,754

 
$
(17,207
)
 
$
(37,109
)
 
$
304,438


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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 
 
December 31, 2014
(In thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross amounts not offset in the balance sheet
 
 
Description
 
Gross amounts recognized
 
Gross amounts offset in the balance sheet
 
Net amounts presented in the balance sheet
 
Financial instruments
 
Cash collateral received/pledged
 
Net amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal funds sold and security resell agreements
 
$
1,386,291

 
$

 
$
1,386,291

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,386,291

Derivatives (included in other assets)
 
66,420

 

 
66,420

 
(3,755
)
 

 
62,665

 
 
$
1,452,711

 
$

 
$
1,452,711

 
$
(3,755
)
 
$

 
$
1,448,956

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings
 
$
244,223

 
$

 
$
244,223

 
$

 
$

 
$
244,223

Derivatives (included in other liabilities)
 
66,064

 

 
66,064

 
(3,755
)
 
(31,968
)
 
30,341

 
 
$
310,287

 
$

 
$
310,287

 
$
(3,755
)
 
$
(31,968
)
 
$
274,564


Security resell and repurchase agreements are offset, when applicable, in the balance sheet according to master netting agreements. Security repurchase agreements are included with “Federal funds and other short-term borrowings.” Derivative instruments may be offset under their master netting agreements; however, for accounting purposes, we present these items on a gross basis in the Company’s balance sheet. See Note 7 for further information regarding derivative instruments.

5.
INVESTMENTS 
Investment Securities
Investment securities are summarized below. Note 10 discusses the process to estimate fair value for investment securities.
 
September 30, 2015
(In thousands)

Amortized
cost
 
Gross
unrealized
gains
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated fair
value
Held-to-maturity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Municipal securities
$
544,168

 
$
9,976

 
$
1,056

 
$
553,088

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency securities
1,102,978

 
7,147

 
578

 
1,109,547

Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
2,805,901

 
12,989

 
5,619

 
2,813,271

Small Business Administration loan-backed securities
1,815,766

 
14,177

 
10,779

 
1,819,164

Municipal securities
212,698

 
1,059

 
359

 
213,398

Other debt securities
25,485

 
187

 
2,905

 
22,767

 
5,962,828

 
35,559

 
20,240

 
5,978,147

Money market mutual funds and other
21,773

 
91

 

 
21,864

 
5,984,601

 
35,650

 
20,240

 
6,000,011

Total
$
6,528,769

 
$
45,626

 
$
21,296

 
$
6,553,099



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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 
December 31, 2014
 
 
 
Recognized in OCI 1
 
 
 
Not recognized in OCI
 
 
(In thousands) 

Amortized
cost
 
Gross
unrealized
gains
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Carrying
value
 
Gross
unrealized
gains
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
fair
value
Held-to-maturity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Municipal securities
$
607,675

 
$

 
$

 
$
607,675

 
$
13,018

 
$
804

 
$
619,889

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust preferred securities – banks and insurance
79,276

 

 
39,699

 
39,577

 
18,393

 
663

 
57,307

 
686,951

 

 
39,699

 
647,252

 
$
31,411

 
$
1,467

 
677,196

Available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Agency securities
607,523

 
1,572

 
8,343

 
600,752

 
 
 
 
 
600,752

Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
935,164

 
12,132

 
2,105

 
945,191

 
 
 
 
 
945,191

Small Business Administration loan-backed securities
1,544,710

 
16,446

 
8,891

 
1,552,265

 
 
 
 
 
1,552,265

Municipal securities
189,059

 
1,143

 
945

 
189,257

 
 
 
 
 
189,257

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Trust preferred securities – banks and insurance
537,589

 
103

 
121,984

 
415,708

 
 
 
 
 
415,708

Other
5,252

 
207

 
7

 
5,452

 
 
 
 
 
5,452

 
3,819,297

 
31,603

 
142,275

 
3,708,625

 
 
 
 
 
3,708,625

Money market mutual funds and other
136,591

 
76

 
1,044

 
135,623

 
 
 
 
 
135,623

 
3,955,888

 
31,679

 
143,319

 
3,844,248

 
 
 
 
 
3,844,248

Total
$
4,642,839

 
$
31,679

 
$
183,018

 
$
4,491,500

 
 
 
 
 
$
4,521,444

1 
Other comprehensive income
CDO Sales and Paydowns
During the second quarter of 2015, we sold the remaining portfolio of our collateralized debt obligation (“CDO”) securities, or $574 million at amortized cost, and realized net losses of approximately $137 million.

During the first quarter of 2015, we reclassified all of the remaining held-to-maturity (“HTM”) CDO securities, or approximately $79 million at amortized cost, to available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities. The reclassification resulted from increased risk weights for these securities under the new Basel III capital rules, and was made in accordance with applicable accounting guidance that allows for such reclassifications when increased risk weights of debt securities must be used for regulatory risk-based capital purposes. No gain or loss was recognized in the statement of income at the time of reclassification.

During the first nine months of 2014, we recorded a total of $1,294 million par amount of sales and paydowns of CDO securities, resulting in net gains of approximately $22 million. These sales were made in part as a result of the Volcker Rule (“VR”).

Maturities
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment debt securities are shown subsequently as of September 30, 2015 by expected timing of principal payments. Actual principal payments may differ from contractual or expected principal payments because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 
Held-to-maturity
 
Available-for-sale
(In thousands)
Amortized
cost
 
Estimated
fair
value
 
Amortized
cost
 
Estimated
fair
value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal return in one year or less
$
88,169

 
$
88,714

 
$
822,647

 
$
824,744

Principal return after one year through five years
168,734

 
171,164

 
2,314,091

 
2,319,836

Principal return after five years through ten years
152,942

 
158,331

 
1,857,898

 
1,862,624

Principal return after ten years
134,323

 
134,879

 
968,192

 
970,943

 
$
544,168

 
$
553,088

 
$
5,962,828

 
$
5,978,147

The following is a summary of the amount of gross unrealized losses for investment securities and the estimated fair value by length of time the securities have been in an unrealized loss position:
 
September 30, 2015
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or more
 
Total
(In thousands)
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
fair
value
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
fair
value
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
fair
value
Held-to-maturity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Municipal securities
$
901

 
$
55,763

 
$
155

 
$
11,681

 
$
1,056

 
$
67,444

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency securities
65

 
34,737

 
513

 
137,964

 
578

 
172,701

Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
5,361

 
1,330,271

 
258

 
15,351

 
5,619

 
1,345,622

Small Business Administration loan-backed securities
4,550

 
453,651

 
6,229

 
452,275

 
10,779

 
905,926

Municipal securities
305

 
34,703

 
54

 
4,125

 
359

 
38,828

Other debt securities

 

 
2,905

 
12,097

 
2,905

 
12,097

 
10,281

 
1,853,362

 
9,959

 
621,812

 
20,240

 
2,475,174

Total
$
11,182

 
$
1,909,125

 
$
10,114

 
$
633,493

 
$
21,296

 
$
2,542,618

 
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or more
 
Total
 
(In thousands)
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
 fair
 value
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
 fair
 value
 
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
Estimated
 fair
 value
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Municipal securities
$
527

 
$
62,762

 
$
277

 
$
14,003

 
$
804

 
$
76,765

 
Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust preferred securities – banks and insurance
53

 
122

 
40,309

 
57,186

 
40,362

 
57,308

 
 
580

 
62,884

 
40,586

 
71,189

 
41,166

 
134,073

 
Available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency securities
4,510

 
295,694

 
3,833

 
101,188

 
8,343

 
396,882

 
Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
1,914

 
425,114

 
191

 
12,124

 
2,105

 
437,238

 
Small Business Administration loan-backed securities
5,869

 
495,817

 
3,022

 
175,523

 
8,891

 
671,340

 
Municipal securities
258

 
36,551

 
687

 
4,616

 
945

 
41,167

 
Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust preferred securities – banks and insurance

 

 
121,984

 
405,605

 
121,984

 
405,605

 
Other
7

 
1,607

 

 

 
7

 
1,607

 
 
12,558

 
1,254,783

 
129,717

 
699,056

 
142,275

 
1,953,839

 
Money market mutual funds and other
1,044

 
71,907

 

 

 
1,044

 
71,907

 
 
13,602

 
1,326,690

 
129,717

 
699,056

 
143,319

 
2,025,746

 
Total
$
14,182

 
$
1,389,574

 
$
170,303

 
$
770,245

 
$
184,485

 
$
2,159,819


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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


At September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, 146 and 153 HTM and 460 and 458 AFS investment securities were in an unrealized loss position.

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
Ongoing Policy
We review investment securities on a quarterly basis for the presence of other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”). We assess whether OTTI is present when the fair value of a debt security is less than its amortized cost basis at the balance sheet date (the majority of the investment portfolio are debt securities). Under these circumstances, OTTI is considered to have occurred if (1) we have formed a documented intent to sell identified securities or initiated such sales; (2) it is “more likely than not” we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis; or (3) the present value of expected cash flows is not sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis.

Noncredit-related OTTI in securities we intend to sell is recognized in earnings as is any credit-related OTTI in securities, regardless of our intent. Noncredit-related OTTI on AFS securities not expected to be sold is recognized in OCI. The amount of noncredit-related OTTI in a security is quantified as the difference in a security’s amortized cost after adjustment for credit impairment, and its lower fair value. Presentation of OTTI is made in the statement of income on a gross basis with an offset for the amount of OTTI recognized in OCI.
OTTI Conclusions
Our 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K describes in more detail our OTTI evaluation process. The following summarizes the conclusions from our OTTI evaluation by each security type that has significant gross unrealized losses at September 30, 2015:

OTTI – U.S. Government Agencies and Corporations
Agency Guaranteed Mortgage-Backed Securities: These pass-through securities are comprised largely of fixed and floating-rate residential mortgage-backed securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), the Federal National Mortgage Association, or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation. They were generally purchased at premiums with maturity dates from 10 to 15 years for fixed-rate securities and 30 years for floating-rate securities. These securities benefit from certain guarantee provisions or, in the case of GNMA, direct U.S. government guarantees. Unrealized losses relate to changes in interest rates subsequent to purchase and are not attributable to credit. At September 30, 2015, we did not have an intent to sell identified securities with unrealized losses or initiate such sales, and we believe it is more likely than not we would not be required to sell such securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. Therefore, we did not record OTTI for these securities during the third quarter of 2015.

Small Business Administration (“SBA”) Loan-Backed Securities: These securities were generally purchased at premiums with maturities from 5 to 25 years and have principal cash flows guaranteed by the SBA. Unrealized losses relate to changes in interest rates subsequent to purchase and are not attributable to credit. At September 30, 2015, we did not have an intent to sell identified SBA securities with unrealized losses or initiate such sales, and we believe it is more likely than not we would not be required to sell such securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. Therefore, we did not record OTTI for these securities during the third quarter of 2015.


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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

The following is a tabular rollforward of the total amount of credit-related OTTI:
(In thousands)

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2015
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2015
HTM

AFS

Total

HTM
 
AFS
 
Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance of credit-related OTTI at beginning
of period
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(9,079
)
 
$
(95,472
)
 
$
(104,551
)
Reductions for securities sold or paid off during the period

 

 

 

 
104,551

 
104,551

Reclassification of securities from HTM to AFS

 

 

 
9,079

 
(9,079
)
 

Balance of credit-related OTTI at end of period
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$


(In thousands)

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2014
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2014
HTM
 
AFS
 
Total
 
HTM
 
AFS
 
Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance of credit-related OTTI at beginning
of period
$
(9,079
)
 
$
(163,914
)
 
$
(172,993
)
 
$
(9,052
)
 
$
(176,833
)
 
$
(185,885
)
Additions recognized in earnings during the period:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additional credit-related OTTI on securities previously impaired

 

 

 
(27
)
 

 
(27
)
Reductions for securities sold or paid off during the period

 
44,929

 
44,929

 

 
57,848

 
57,848

Balance of credit-related OTTI at end of period
$
(9,079
)
 
$
(118,985
)
 
$
(128,064
)
 
$
(9,079
)
 
$
(118,985
)
 
$
(128,064
)

The following summarizes gains and losses, including OTTI, that were recognized in the statement of income:
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
September 30, 2015
 
September 30, 2014
 
September 30, 2015
 
September 30, 2014
 
(In thousands)
Gross gains
 
Gross
losses
 
Gross gains
 
Gross losses
 
Gross gains
 
Gross
losses
 
Gross gains
 
Gross losses
 
 
Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
$

 
$

 
$
2

 
$

 
$
1

 
$

 
$
2

 
$
27

 
Available-for-sale
6

 
59

 
5,873

 
20,063

 
8,366

 
147,572

 
83,466

 
62,948

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other noninterest-bearing investments
14,267

 
10,637

 
5,911

 
5,184

 
23,870

 
11,571

 
10,568

 
5,184

 
 
14,273

 
10,696

 
11,786

 
25,247

 
32,237

 
159,143

 
94,036

 
68,159

 
Net gains (losses)
 
 
$
3,577

 
 
 
$
(13,461
)
 
 
 
$
(126,906
)
 
 
 
$
25,877

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of income information:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net impairment losses on investment securities
 
 
$

 
 
 
$

 
 
 
$

 
 
 
$
(27
)
 
Equity securities gains, net
 
 
3,630

 
 
 
440

 
 
 
11,822

 
 
 
3,865

 
Fixed income securities gains (losses), net
 
 
(53
)
 
 
 
(13,901
)
 
 
 
(138,728
)
 
 
 
22,039

 
Net gains (losses)
 
 
$
3,577

 
 
 
$
(13,461
)
 
 
 
$
(126,906
)
 
 
 
$
25,877



15


Table of Contents
ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Interest income by security type is as follows:
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2015
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2015
 
Taxable
 
Nontaxable
 
Total
 
Taxable
 
Nontaxable
 
Total
Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
$
3,031

 
$
2,629

 
$
5,660

 
$
9,716

 
$
8,265

 
$
17,981

Available-for-sale
23,427

 
699

 
24,126

 
64,832

 
2,047

 
66,879

Trading
445

 

 
445

 
1,653

 

 
1,653

 
$
26,903

 
$
3,328

 
$
30,231

 
$
76,201

 
$
10,312

 
$
86,513

(In thousands)
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2014
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2014
 
Taxable
 
Nontaxable
 
Total
 
Taxable
 
Nontaxable
 
Total
Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
$
3,597

 
$
2,805

 
$
6,402

 
$
11,146

 
$
8,448

 
$
19,594

Available-for-sale
16,895

 
677

 
17,572

 
54,099

 
1,829

 
55,928

Trading
403

 

 
403

 
1,451

 

 
1,451

 
$
20,895

 
$
3,482

 
$
24,377

 
$
66,696

 
$
10,277

 
$
76,973


Investment securities with a carrying value of $1.9 billion at September 30, 2015 and $1.4 billion at December 31, 2014 were pledged to secure public and trust deposits, advances, and for other purposes as required by law. Securities are also pledged as collateral for security repurchase agreements.

Private Equity Investments
Effect of Volcker Rule
The VR, as published pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act in December 2013 and amended in January 2014, significantly restricted certain activities by covered bank holding companies, including restrictions on certain types of securities, proprietary trading, and private equity investing. The Company’s private equity investments (“PEIs”) consist of Small Business Investment Companies (“SBICs”) and non-SBICs. Following the sales of its CDO securities, the only prohibited investments under the VR requiring divestiture by the Company were certain of its PEIs. Of the recorded PEIs of $140 million at September 30, 2015, approximately $24 million remain prohibited by the VR.

As of September 30, 2015, we have sold a total of approximately $17 million of PEIs, including $9 million during the first half of 2015 and $8 million during 2014. None were sold during the third quarter of 2015. All of these sales related to prohibited PEIs. The 2015 sales resulted in insignificant amounts of realized gains or losses. We will dispose of the remaining $24 million of prohibited PEIs before the required deadline. However, the required deadline has been extended to July 21, 2016 from July 21, 2015 and the Federal Reserve has announced its intention to act in 2015 to grant an additional one-year extension to July 21, 2017. See other discussions in Notes 10 and 11.

As discussed in Note 11, we have $48 million at September 30, 2015 of unfunded commitments for PEIs, of which approximately $8 million relate to prohibited PEIs. Until we dispose of the prohibited PEIs, we expect to fund these commitments if and as the capital calls are made, as allowed under the VR.




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6.
LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
Loans and Loans Held for Sale
Loans are summarized as follows according to major portfolio segment and specific loan class:
(In thousands)
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
 
 
 
Loans held for sale
$
139,122

 
$
132,504

 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
13,035,251

 
$
13,162,955

Leasing
426,781

 
408,974

Owner occupied
7,141,360

 
7,351,548

Municipal
600,258

 
520,887

Total commercial
21,203,650

 
21,444,364

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
Construction and land development
2,213,465

 
1,986,408

Term
8,089,258

 
8,126,600

Total commercial real estate
10,302,723

 
10,113,008

Consumer:
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
2,347,061

 
2,321,150

1-4 family residential
5,268,840

 
5,200,882

Construction and other consumer real estate
370,015

 
370,542

Bankcard and other revolving plans
427,849

 
401,352

Other
192,985

 
212,360

Total consumer
8,606,750

 
8,506,286

Total loans
$
40,113,123

 
$
40,063,658

Loan balances are presented net of unearned income and fees, which amounted to $144.1 million at September 30, 2015 and $144.7 million at December 31, 2014.
Owner occupied and commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans include unamortized premiums of approximately $28.8 million at September 30, 2015 and $36.5 million at December 31, 2014.
Municipal loans generally include loans to municipalities with the debt service being repaid from general funds or pledged revenues of the municipal entity, or to private commercial entities or 501(c)(3) not-for-profit entities utilizing a pass-through municipal entity to achieve favorable tax treatment.
Land development loans included in the construction and land development loan class were $383.1 million at September 30, 2015 and $484.9 million at December 31, 2014.
Loans with a carrying value of approximately $22.3 billion at September 30, 2015 and $22.5 billion at December 31, 2014 have been pledged at the Federal Reserve and various Federal Home Loan Banks (“FHLBs”) as collateral for potential borrowings.
We sold loans with a carrying value of $434.1 million and $1,070.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, and $341.3 million and $939.0 million, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively, that were classified as loans held for sale. The sold loans were derecognized from the balance sheet. Loans classified as loans held for sale primarily consist of conforming residential mortgages and the guaranteed portion of SBA loans. The principal balance of sold loans for which we retain servicing was approximately $1.2 billion at both September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

Amounts added to loans held for sale during these periods were $442.4 million and $1,111.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, and $297.8 million and $894.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively. Income from loans sold, excluding servicing, was $5.0 million and $13.9

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million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, and $4.2 million and $11.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively.

Since 2009, CB&T and NSB have had loss sharing agreements with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), which provided indemnification for credit losses of acquired loans and foreclosed assets up to specified thresholds. The last of the agreements for commercial loans, which comprised the major portion of the acquired portfolio, expired as of September 30, 2014. The agreements for 1-4 family residential loans will expire in 2019. In previous periods, the FDIC-supported loan balances were presented separately in this footnote and in other disclosures, and included purchased credit-impaired (“PCI”) loans, as subsequently discussed in Purchased Loans. Due to declining balances, for all periods presented herein, the FDIC-supported/PCI loans have been reclassified to their respective loan segments and classes.

Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) consists of the allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) (also referred to as the allowance for loan losses) and the reserve for unfunded lending commitments (“RULC”).

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
The ALLL represents our estimate of probable and estimable losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio as of the balance sheet date. Losses are charged to the ALLL when recognized. Generally, commercial and CRE loans are charged off or charged down when they are determined to be uncollectible in whole or in part, or when 180 days past due unless the loan is well secured and in process of collection. Consumer loans are either charged off or charged down to net realizable value no later than the month in which they become 180 days past due. Closed-end consumer loans that are not secured by residential real estate are either charged off or charged down to net realizable value no later than the month in which they become 120 days past due. We establish the amount of the ALLL by analyzing the portfolio at least quarterly, and we adjust the provision for loan losses so the ALLL is at an appropriate level at the balance sheet date.

We determine our ALLL as the best estimate within a range of estimated losses. The methodologies we use to estimate the ALLL depend upon the impairment status and portfolio segment of the loan. The methodology for impaired loans is discussed subsequently. For the commercial and CRE segments, we use a comprehensive loan grading system to assign probability of default (“PD”) and loss given default (“LGD”) grades to each loan. The credit quality indicators discussed subsequently are based on this grading system. In addition, loan officers utilize their experience and judgment in assigning PD and LGD grades, subject to confirmation of the PD and LGD by either credit risk or credit examination. We create groupings of these grades for each subsidiary bank and loan class and calculate historic loss rates using a loss migration analysis that attributes historic realized losses to these loan grade groupings over the period of January 2008 through the most recent full quarter.
For the consumer loan segment, we use roll rate models to forecast probable inherent losses. Roll rate models measure the rate at which consumer loans migrate from one delinquency category to the next worse delinquency category, and eventually to loss. We estimate roll rates for consumer loans using recent delinquency and loss experience by segmenting our consumer loan portfolio into separate pools based on common risk characteristics and separately calculating historical delinquency and loss experience for each pool. These roll rates are then applied to current delinquency levels to estimate probable inherent losses. When long-term average losses exceed those losses estimated through roll rates, we use long-term average loss rates for the applicable pools. Roll rates incorporate housing market trends inasmuch as these trends manifest themselves in charge-offs and delinquencies. In addition, our qualitative and environmental factors discussed subsequently incorporate the most recent housing market trends.
The current status and historical changes in qualitative and environmental factors may not be reflected in our quantitative models. Thus, after applying historical loss experience, as described above, we review the quantitatively derived level of ALLL for each segment using qualitative criteria and use those criteria to determine our estimate within the range. We track various risk factors that influence our judgment regarding the level of the ALLL across the portfolio segments. These factors primarily include:

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Asset quality trends
Risk management and loan administration practices
Risk identification practices
Effect of changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio
Existence and effect of any portfolio concentrations
National economic and business conditions
Regional and local economic and business conditions
Data availability and applicability
Effects of other external factors
The magnitude of the impact of these factors on our qualitative assessment of the ALLL changes from quarter to quarter according to changes made by management in its assessment of these factors, the extent these factors are already reflected in historic loss rates, and the extent changes in these factors diverge from one to another. We also consider the uncertainty inherent in the estimation process when evaluating the ALLL.

Reserve for Unfunded Lending Commitments
We also estimate a reserve for potential losses associated with off-balance sheet commitments, including standby letters of credit. We determine the RULC using the same procedures and methodologies that we use for the ALLL. The loss factors used in the RULC are the same as the loss factors used in the ALLL, and the qualitative adjustments used in the RULC are the same as the qualitative adjustments used in the ALLL. We adjust the Company’s unfunded lending commitments that are not unconditionally cancelable to an outstanding amount equivalent using credit conversion factors, and we apply the loss factors to the outstanding equivalents.
Changes in the allowance for credit losses are summarized as follows:

 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Commercial
 
Commercial
real estate
 
Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
437,770

 
$
125,796

 
$
45,809

 
$
609,375

Additions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
22,417

 
(6,621
)
 
2,466

 
18,262

Adjustment for FDIC-supported/PCI loans

 

 

 

Deductions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross loan and lease charge-offs
(36,961
)
 
(1,068
)
 
(4,330
)
 
(42,359
)
Recoveries
4,471

 
4,162

 
2,529

 
11,162

Net loan and lease charge-offs
(32,490
)
 
3,094

 
(1,801
)
 
(31,197
)
Balance at end of period
$
427,697

 
$
122,269

 
$
46,474

 
$
596,440

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
60,774

 
$
18,639

 
$
548

 
$
79,961

Provision charged (credited) to earnings
2,808

 
(1,467
)
 
87

 
1,428

Balance at end of period
$
63,582

 
$
17,172

 
$
635

 
$
81,389

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total allowance for credit losses at end of period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
$
427,697

 
$
122,269

 
$
46,474

 
$
596,440

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
63,582

 
17,172

 
635

 
81,389

Total allowance for credit losses
$
491,279

 
$
139,441

 
$
47,109

 
$
677,829



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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Commercial
 
Commercial
real estate
 
Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
412,514

 
$
145,009

 
$
47,140

 
$
604,663

Additions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
53,292

 
(38,491
)
 
2,533

 
17,334

Adjustment for FDIC-supported/PCI loans
(57
)
 
57

 

 

Deductions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross loan and lease charge-offs
(76,734
)
 
(5,637
)
 
(11,224
)
 
(93,595
)
Recoveries
38,682

 
21,331

 
8,025

 
68,038

Net loan and lease charge-offs
(38,052
)
 
15,694

 
(3,199
)
 
(25,557
)
Balance at end of period
$
427,697

 
$
122,269

 
$
46,474

 
$
596,440

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
58,931

 
$
21,517

 
$
628

 
$
81,076

Provision charged (credited) to earnings
4,651

 
(4,345
)
 
7

 
313

Balance at end of period
$
63,582

 
$
17,172

 
$
635

 
$
81,389

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total allowance for credit losses at end of period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
$
427,697

 
$
122,269

 
$
46,474

 
$
596,440

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
63,582

 
17,172

 
635

 
81,389

Total allowance for credit losses
$
491,279

 
$
139,441

 
$
47,109

 
$
677,829


 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Commercial

Commercial
real estate

Consumer

Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
442,965

 
$
187,940

 
$
45,002

 
$
675,907

Additions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
(19,960
)
 
(34,187
)
 
(496
)
 
(54,643
)
Adjustment for FDIC-supported/PCI loans
(25
)
 

 

 
(25
)
Deductions:
 
 
 
 
 
 

Gross loan and lease charge-offs
(20,084
)
 
(3,320
)
 
(3,067
)
 
(26,471
)
Recoveries
9,149

 
3,332

 
3,028

 
15,509

Net loan and lease charge-offs
(10,935
)
 
12

 
(39
)
 
(10,962
)
Balance at end of period
$
412,045

 
$
153,765

 
$
44,467

 
$
610,277


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
52,801

 
$
38,689

 
$
3,982

 
$
95,472

Provision charged (credited) to earnings
1,651

 
(14,390
)
 
(3,356
)
 
(16,095
)
Balance at end of period
$
54,452

 
$
24,299

 
$
626

 
$
79,377


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total allowance for credit losses at end of period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
$
412,045


$
153,765


$
44,467


$
610,277

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
54,452

 
24,299

 
626

 
79,377

Total allowance for credit losses
$
466,497

 
$
178,064

 
$
45,093

 
$
689,654


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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Commercial
 
Commercial
real estate
 
Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
469,213

 
$
216,012

 
$
61,066

 
$
746,291

Additions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
(38,274
)
 
(57,350
)
 
(14,045
)
 
(109,669
)
Adjustment for FDIC-supported/PCI loans
(1,190
)
 

 
(96
)
 
(1,286
)
Deductions:
 
 
 
 
 
 

Gross loan and lease charge-offs
(45,903
)
 
(14,135
)
 
(10,628
)
 
(70,666
)
Recoveries
28,199

 
9,238

 
8,170

 
45,607

Net loan and lease charge-offs
(17,704
)
 
(4,897
)
 
(2,458
)
 
(25,059
)
Balance at end of period
$
412,045

 
$
153,765

 
$
44,467

 
$
610,277

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
48,345

 
$
37,485

 
$
3,875

 
$
89,705

Provision charged (credited) to earnings
6,107

 
(13,186
)
 
(3,249
)
 
(10,328
)
Balance at end of period
$
54,452

 
$
24,299

 
$
626

 
$
79,377

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total allowance for credit losses at end of period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
$
412,045

 
$
153,765

 
$
44,467

 
$
610,277

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments
54,452

 
24,299

 
626

 
79,377

Total allowance for credit losses
$
466,497

 
$
178,064

 
$
45,093

 
$
689,654

The ALLL and outstanding loan balances according to the Company’s impairment method are summarized as follows:
 
September 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Commercial
 
Commercial
real estate
 
Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
32,191

 
$
2,898

 
$
11,014

 
$
46,103

Collectively evaluated for impairment
394,836

 
119,286

 
35,010

 
549,132

Purchased loans with evidence of credit deterioration
670

 
85

 
450

 
1,205

Total
$
427,697

 
$
122,269

 
$
46,474

 
$
596,440

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding loan balances:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
279,928

 
$
122,063

 
$
92,612

 
$
494,603

Collectively evaluated for impairment
20,859,442

 
10,122,697

 
8,503,160

 
39,485,299

Purchased loans with evidence of credit deterioration
64,280

 
57,963

 
10,978

 
133,221

Total
$
21,203,650

 
$
10,302,723

 
$
8,606,750

 
$
40,113,123


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December 31, 2014
(In thousands)
Commercial
 
Commercial
real estate
 
Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
28,627

 
$
4,027

 
$
9,059

 
$
41,713

Collectively evaluated for impairment
382,552

 
140,090

 
37,508

 
560,150

Purchased loans with evidence of credit deterioration
1,335

 
892

 
573

 
2,800

Total
$
412,514

 
$
145,009

 
$
47,140

 
$
604,663

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding loan balances:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
259,207

 
$
167,435

 
$
95,267

 
$
521,909

Collectively evaluated for impairment
21,105,217

 
9,861,862

 
8,395,371

 
39,362,450

Purchased loans with evidence of credit deterioration
79,940

 
83,711

 
15,648

 
179,299

Total
$
21,444,364

 
$
10,113,008

 
$
8,506,286

 
$
40,063,658

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans
Loans are generally placed on nonaccrual status when payment in full of principal and interest is not expected, or the loan is 90 days or more past due as to principal or interest, unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Factors we consider in determining whether a loan is placed on nonaccrual include delinquency status, collateral value, borrower or guarantor financial statement information, bankruptcy status, and other information which would indicate that the full and timely collection of interest and principal is uncertain.
A nonaccrual loan may be returned to accrual status when all delinquent interest and principal become current in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement; the loan, if secured, is well secured; the borrower has paid according to the contractual terms for a minimum of six months; and analysis of the borrower indicates a reasonable assurance of the ability and willingness to maintain payments. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied as a reduction to the principal outstanding.
Closed-end loans with payments scheduled monthly are reported as past due when the borrower is in arrears for two or more monthly payments. Similarly, open-end credit such as charge-card plans and other revolving credit plans are reported as past due when the minimum payment has not been made for two or more billing cycles. Other multi-payment obligations (i.e., quarterly, semiannual, etc.), single payment, and demand notes are reported as past due when either principal or interest is due and unpaid for a period of 30 days or more.
Nonaccrual loans are summarized as follows:
(In thousands)
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
Commercial:
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
167,136

 
$
105,591

Leasing
306

 
295

Owner occupied
76,624

 
87,243

Municipal
967

 
1,056

Total commercial
245,033

 
194,185

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
Construction and land development
15,202

 
23,880

Term
39,053

 
25,107

Total commercial real estate
54,255

 
48,987

Consumer:
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
9,792

 
11,430

1-4 family residential
48,592

 
49,861

Construction and other consumer real estate
765

 
1,735

Bankcard and other revolving plans
563

 
196

Other
272

 
254

Total consumer loans
59,984

 
63,476

Total
$
359,272

 
$
306,648


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Past due loans (accruing and nonaccruing) are summarized as follows:
 
September 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Current
 
30-89 days
past due
 
90+ days
past due
 
Total
past due
 
Total
loans
 
Accruing
loans
90+ days
past due
 
Nonaccrual
loans
that are
current 1
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
12,909,622

 
$
79,246

 
$
46,383

 
$
125,629

 
$
13,035,251

 
$
4,951

 
$
90,584

Leasing
423,071

 
3,557

 
153

 
3,710

 
426,781

 

 
55

Owner occupied
7,077,386

 
33,198

 
30,776

 
63,974

 
7,141,360

 
5,443

 
46,283

Municipal
600,210

 
48

 

 
48

 
600,258

 

 
967

Total commercial
21,010,289

 
116,049

 
77,312

 
193,361

 
21,203,650

 
10,394

 
137,889

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
2,195,193

 
12,447

 
5,825

 
18,272

 
2,213,465

 
2,296

 
10,914

Term
8,039,923

 
15,578

 
33,757

 
49,335

 
8,089,258

 
20,503

 
23,188

Total commercial real estate
10,235,116

 
28,025

 
39,582

 
67,607

 
10,302,723

 
22,799

 
34,102

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
2,336,740

 
4,694

 
5,627

 
10,321

 
2,347,061

 

 
2,592

1-4 family residential
5,231,005

 
10,137

 
27,698

 
37,835

 
5,268,840

 
877

 
18,739

Construction and other consumer real estate
364,283

 
5,524

 
208

 
5,732

 
370,015

 

 
401

Bankcard and other revolving plans
425,041

 
1,621

 
1,187

 
2,808

 
427,849

 
787

 
114

Other
192,042

 
877

 
66

 
943

 
192,985

 

 
46

Total consumer loans
8,549,111

 
22,853

 
34,786

 
57,639

 
8,606,750

 
1,664

 
21,892

Total
$
39,794,516

 
$
166,927

 
$
151,680

 
$
318,607

 
$
40,113,123

 
$
34,857

 
$
193,883

 
December 31, 2014
(In thousands)
Current
 
30-89 days
past due
 
90+ days
past due
 
Total
past due
 
Total
loans
 
Accruing
loans
90+ days
past due
 
Nonaccrual
loans
that are
current 1
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
13,092,731

 
$
28,295

 
$
41,929

 
$
70,224

 
$
13,162,955

 
$
4,677

 
$
64,385

Leasing
408,724

 
225

 
25

 
250

 
408,974

 

 
270

Owner occupied
7,275,842

 
29,182

 
46,524

 
75,706

 
7,351,548

 
3,334

 
39,649

Municipal
520,887

 

 

 

 
520,887

 

 
1,056

Total commercial
21,298,184

 
57,702

 
88,478

 
146,180

 
21,444,364

 
8,011

 
105,360

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
1,972,206

 
2,711

 
11,491

 
14,202

 
1,986,408

 
92

 
12,481

Term
8,082,940

 
14,415

 
29,245

 
43,660

 
8,126,600

 
19,700

 
13,787

Total commercial real estate
10,055,146

 
17,126

 
40,736

 
57,862

 
10,113,008

 
19,792

 
26,268

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
2,309,967

 
4,503

 
6,680

 
11,183

 
2,321,150

 
1

 
1,779

1-4 family residential
5,163,610

 
12,416

 
24,856

 
37,272

 
5,200,882

 
318

 
20,599

Construction and other consumer real estate
359,723

 
9,675

 
1,144

 
10,819

 
370,542

 
160

 
608

Bankcard and other revolving plans
397,882

 
2,425

 
1,045

 
3,470

 
401,352

 
946

 
80

Other
211,560

 
644

 
156

 
800

 
212,360

 

 
84

Total consumer loans
8,442,742

 
29,663

 
33,881

 
63,544

 
8,506,286

 
1,425

 
23,150

Total
$
39,796,072

 
$
104,491

 
$
163,095

 
$
267,586

 
$
40,063,658

 
$
29,228

 
$
154,778

1 
Represents nonaccrual loans that are not past due more than 30 days; however, full payment of principal and interest is still not expected.

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Credit Quality Indicators
In addition to the past due and nonaccrual criteria, we also analyze loans using loan risk grading systems, which vary based on the size and type of credit risk exposure. The internal risk grades assigned to loans follow our definitions of Pass, Special Mention, Substandard, and Doubtful, which are consistent with published definitions of regulatory risk classifications.

Definitions of Pass, Special Mention, Substandard, and Doubtful are summarized as follows:
Pass – A Pass asset is higher quality and does not fit any of the other categories described below. The likelihood of loss is considered remote.
Special Mention A Special Mention asset has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the bank’s credit position at some future date.
Substandard – A Substandard asset is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified have well-defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the bank may sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected.
Doubtful – A Doubtful asset has all the weaknesses inherent in a Substandard asset with the added characteristics that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable.

We generally assign internal risk grades to commercial and CRE loans with commitments equal to or greater than $750,000 based on financial and statistical models, individual credit analysis, and loan officer judgment. For these larger loans, we assign one of multiple grades within the Pass classification or one of the following four grades: Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful, and Loss. Loss indicates that the outstanding balance has been charged off. We confirm our internal risk grades quarterly, or as soon as we identify information that affects the credit risk of the loan.

For consumer loans or certain small commercial loans with commitments equal to or less than $750,000, we generally assign internal risk grades similar to those described previously based on automated rules that depend on refreshed credit scores, payment performance, and other risk indicators. These are generally assigned either a Pass or Substandard grade and are reviewed as we identify information that might warrant a grade change.


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Outstanding loan balances (accruing and nonaccruing) categorized by these credit quality indicators are summarized as follows:
 
September 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Pass
 
Special
Mention
 
Sub-
standard
 
Doubtful
 
Total
loans
 
Total
allowance
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
12,037,219

 
$
281,696

 
$
709,086

 
$
7,250

 
$
13,035,251

 
 
Leasing
400,233

 
3,015

 
23,533

 

 
426,781

 
 
Owner occupied
6,684,216

 
142,204

 
314,940

 

 
7,141,360

 
 
Municipal
599,243

 
48

 
967

 

 
600,258

 
 
Total commercial
19,720,911

 
426,963

 
1,048,526

 
7,250

 
21,203,650

 
$
427,697

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
2,166,381

 
19,138

 
27,946

 

 
2,213,465

 
 
Term
7,862,956

 
59,689

 
166,613

 

 
8,089,258

 
 
Total commercial real estate
10,029,337

 
78,827

 
194,559

 

 
10,302,723

 
122,269

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
2,333,240

 

 
13,821

 

 
2,347,061

 
 
1-4 family residential
5,214,015

 

 
54,825

 

 
5,268,840

 
 
Construction and other consumer real estate
368,363

 

 
1,652

 

 
370,015

 
 
Bankcard and other revolving plans
425,979

 

 
1,870

 

 
427,849

 
 
Other
192,564

 

 
421

 

 
192,985

 
 
Total consumer loans
8,534,161

 

 
72,589

 

 
8,606,750

 
46,474

Total
$
38,284,409

 
$
505,790

 
$
1,315,674

 
$
7,250

 
$
40,113,123

 
$
596,440

 
December 31, 2014
(In thousands)
Pass
 
Special
Mention
 
Sub-
standard
 
Doubtful
 
Total
loans
 
Total
allowance
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
12,515,846

 
$
209,215

 
$
426,002

 
$
11,892

 
$
13,162,955

 
 
Leasing
399,032

 
4,868

 
5,074

 

 
408,974

 
 
Owner occupied
6,844,310

 
168,423

 
338,815

 

 
7,351,548

 
 
Municipal
518,513

 
1,318

 
1,056

 

 
520,887

 
 
Total commercial
20,277,701

 
383,824

 
770,947

 
11,892

 
21,444,364

 
$
412,514

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
1,925,685

 
8,464

 
52,259

 

 
1,986,408

 
 
Term
7,802,571

 
96,347

 
223,324

 
4,358

 
8,126,600

 
 
Total commercial real estate
9,728,256

 
104,811

 
275,583

 
4,358

 
10,113,008

 
145,009

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
2,304,352

 

 
16,798

 

 
2,321,150

 
 
1-4 family residential
5,138,660

 

 
62,222

 

 
5,200,882

 
 
Construction and other consumer real estate
367,932

 

 
2,610

 

 
370,542

 
 
Bankcard and other revolving plans
399,446

 

 
1,906

 

 
401,352

 
 
Other
211,811

 

 
549

 

 
212,360

 
 
Total consumer loans
8,422,201

 

 
84,085

 

 
8,506,286

 
47,140

Total
$
38,428,158

 
$
488,635

 
$
1,130,615

 
$
16,250

 
$
40,063,658

 
$
604,663


Impaired Loans
Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. For our non-purchased credit-impaired loans, if a nonaccrual loan has a balance greater than $1 million, or if a loan is a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”), including TDRs that subsequently default, or if the loan is no longer reported as a TDR, we individually evaluate the loan for impairment and estimate a specific

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reserve for the loan for all portfolio segments under applicable accounting guidance. Smaller nonaccrual loans are pooled for ALLL estimation purposes. PCI loans are included in impaired loans and are accounted for under separate accounting guidance. See subsequent discussion under Purchased Loans.

When a loan is impaired, we estimate a specific reserve for the loan based on the projected present value of the loan’s future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the observable market price of the loan, or the fair value of the loan’s underlying collateral. The process of estimating future cash flows also incorporates the same determining factors discussed previously under nonaccrual loans. When we base the impairment amount on the fair value of the loan’s underlying collateral, we generally charge off the portion of the balance that is impaired, such that these loans do not have a specific reserve in the ALLL. Payments received on impaired loans that are accruing are recognized in interest income, according to the contractual loan agreement. Payments received on impaired loans that are on nonaccrual are not recognized in interest income, but are applied as a reduction to the principal outstanding. The amount of interest income recognized on a cash basis during the time the loans were impaired within the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was not significant.

Information on impaired loans individually evaluated is summarized as follows at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, including the average recorded investment and interest income recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014:

 
September 30, 2015
(In thousands)

Unpaid
principal
balance
 
Recorded investment
 
Total
recorded
investment
 
Related
allowance
with no
allowance
 
with
allowance
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
245,404

 
$
37,843

 
$
156,665

 
$
194,508

 
$
26,888

Owner occupied
151,243

 
83,527

 
48,400

 
131,927

 
5,091

Municipal
1,446

 
967

 

 
967

 

Total commercial
398,093

 
122,337

 
205,065

 
327,402

 
31,979

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
47,876

 
7,486

 
23,800

 
31,286

 
1,068

Term
138,865

 
90,294

 
27,856

 
118,150

 
1,463

Total commercial real estate
186,741

 
97,780

 
51,656

 
149,436

 
2,531

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
28,358

 
20,672

 
4,703

 
25,375

 
419

1-4 family residential
72,855

 
29,257

 
40,465

 
69,722

 
10,090

Construction and other consumer real estate
2,966

 
1,069

 
1,106

 
2,175

 
181

Other
3,843

 
36

 
3,162

 
3,198

 
294

Total consumer loans
108,022

 
51,034

 
49,436

 
100,470

 
10,984

Total
$
692,856

 
$
271,151

 
$
306,157

 
$
577,308

 
$
45,494



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December 31, 2014
(In thousands)

Unpaid
principal
balance
 
Recorded investment
 
Total
recorded
investment
 
Related
allowance
with no
allowance
 
with
allowance
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
185,520

 
$
43,257

 
$
103,565

 
$
146,822

 
$
22,852

Owner occupied
198,231

 
83,179

 
86,382

 
169,561

 
6,087

Municipal
1,535

 
1,056

 

 
1,056

 

Total commercial
385,286

 
127,492

 
189,947

 
317,439

 
28,939

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
60,993

 
16,500

 
26,977

 
43,477

 
1,773

Term
203,788

 
96,351

 
63,740

 
160,091

 
2,345

Total commercial real estate
264,781

 
112,851

 
90,717

 
203,568

 
4,118

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
30,209

 
14,798

 
11,883

 
26,681

 
437

1-4 family residential
86,575

 
37,096

 
35,831

 
72,927

 
8,494

Construction and other consumer real estate
3,902

 
1,449

 
1,410

 
2,859

 
233

Other
6,580

 

 
5,254

 
5,254

 
133

Total consumer loans
127,266

 
53,343

 
54,378

 
107,721

 
9,297

Total
$
777,333

 
$
293,686

 
$
335,042

 
$
628,728

 
$
42,354


 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2015
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2015
(In thousands)

Average
recorded
investment
 
Interest
income
recognized
 
Average
recorded
investment
 
Interest
income
recognized
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
191,642

 
$
1,314

 
$
158,825

 
$
5,525

Owner occupied
138,194

 
2,752

 
135,212

 
9,706

Municipal
978

 

 
1,007

 

Total commercial
330,814

 
4,066

 
295,044

 
15,231

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
31,506

 
499

 
31,920

 
2,691

Term
119,694

 
3,705

 
124,446

 
13,383

Total commercial real estate
151,200

 
4,204

 
156,366

 
16,074

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
25,095

 
401

 
24,329

 
1,206

1-4 family residential
90,240

 
398

 
91,671

 
1,803

Construction and other consumer real estate
5,540

 
32

 
2,342

 
91

Bankcard and other revolving plans

 
1

 
1

 
101

Other
36

 
177

 
4,109

 
692

Total consumer loans
120,911

 
1,009

 
122,452


3,893

Total
$
602,925

 
$
9,279

 
$
573,862

 
$
35,198


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Three Months Ended
September 30, 2014
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2014
(In thousands)

Average
recorded
investment
 
Interest
income
recognized
 
Average
recorded
investment
 
Interest
income
recognized
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
186,026

 
$
2,335

 
$
180,130

 
$
8,819

Owner occupied
232,484

 
4,514

 
235,380

 
13,774

Municipal
8,798

 

 
9,343

 

Total commercial
427,308

 
6,849

 
424,853

 
22,593

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
59,735

 
515

 
62,404

 
5,398

Term
225,536

 
5,670

 
248,587

 
26,118

Total commercial real estate
285,271

 
6,185

 
310,991

 
31,516

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
26,328

 
369

 
25,756

 
1,139

1-4 family residential
81,116

 
556

 
81,168

 
1,583

Construction and other consumer real estate
3,226

 
43

 
3,112

 
115

Bankcard and other revolving plans

 
1

 
3

 
2

Other
6,284

 
384

 
7,333

 
1,315

Total consumer loans
116,954

 
1,353

 
117,372

 
4,154

Total
$
829,533

 
$
14,387

 
$
853,216

 
$
58,263


Modified and Restructured Loans
Loans may be modified in the normal course of business for competitive reasons or to strengthen the Company’s position. Loan modifications and restructurings may also occur when the borrower experiences financial difficulty and needs temporary or permanent relief from the original contractual terms of the loan. These modifications are structured on a loan-by-loan basis and, depending on the circumstances, may include extended payment terms, a modified interest rate, forgiveness of principal, or other concessions. Loans that have been modified to accommodate a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulties, and for which the Company has granted a concession that it would not otherwise consider, are considered TDRs.

We consider many factors in determining whether to agree to a loan modification involving concessions, and seek a solution that will both minimize potential loss to the Company and attempt to help the borrower. We evaluate borrowers’ current and forecasted future cash flows, their ability and willingness to make current contractual or proposed modified payments, the value of the underlying collateral (if applicable), the possibility of obtaining additional security or guarantees, and the potential costs related to a repossession or foreclosure and the subsequent sale of the collateral.

TDRs are classified as either accrual or nonaccrual loans. A loan on nonaccrual and restructured as a TDR will remain on nonaccrual status until the borrower has proven the ability to perform under the modified structure for a minimum of six months, and there is evidence that such payments can and are likely to continue as agreed. Performance prior to the restructuring, or significant events that coincide with the restructuring, are included in assessing whether the borrower can meet the new terms and may result in the loan being returned to accrual at the time of restructuring or after a shorter performance period. If the borrower’s ability to meet the revised payment schedule is uncertain, the loan remains classified as a nonaccrual loan. A TDR loan that specifies an interest rate that at the time of the restructuring is greater than or equal to the rate the bank is willing to accept for a new loan with comparable risk may not be reported as a TDR or an impaired loan in the calendar years subsequent to the restructuring if it is in compliance with its modified terms.


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Selected information on TDRs that includes the recorded investment on an accruing and nonaccruing basis by loan class and modification type is summarized in the following schedules:
 
 
September 30, 2015
 
Recorded investment resulting from the following modification types:
 
 
(In thousands)

Interest
rate below
market
 
Maturity
or term
extension
 
Principal
forgiveness
 
Payment
deferral
 
Other1
 
Multiple
modification
types2
 
Total
Accruing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
455

 
$
3,906

 
$
14

 
$
108

 
$
223

 
$
35,228

 
$
39,934

Owner occupied
2,034

 
701

 
938

 

 
8,151

 
17,172

 
28,996

Total commercial
2,489

 
4,607

 
952

 
108

 
8,374

 
52,400

 
68,930

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
97

 

 

 

 

 
13,431

 
13,528

Term
4,758

 
766

 
170

 
975

 
2,409

 
20,825

 
29,903

Total commercial real estate
4,855

 
766

 
170

 
975

 
2,409

 
34,256

 
43,431

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
192

 
1,060

 
11,143

 

 
164

 
2,360

 
14,919

1-4 family residential
2,482

 
358

 
7,388

 
435

 
3,474

 
34,901

 
49,038

Construction and other consumer real estate
177

 
488

 

 

 

 
1,153

 
1,818

Total consumer loans
2,851

 
1,906


18,531


435


3,638


38,414

 
65,775

Total accruing
10,195

 
7,279

 
19,653

 
1,518

 
14,421

 
125,070

 
178,136

Nonaccruing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
90

 
471

 

 
2,018

 
5,351

 
37,950

 
45,880

Owner occupied
1,220

 
1,742

 

 
5,833

 
36

 
9,060

 
17,891

Municipal

 
967

 

 

 

 

 
967

Total commercial
1,310

 
3,180

 

 
7,851

 
5,387

 
47,010

 
64,738

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
10,512

 
354

 

 

 
3,197

 
968

 
15,031

Term
2,456

 

 
833

 

 
2,899

 
9,919

 
16,107

Total commercial real estate
12,968

 
354

 
833

 

 
6,096

 
10,887

 
31,138

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
8

 
514

 
512

 
58

 

 
48

 
1,140

1-4 family residential

 
268

 
2,085

 
173

 
1,227

 
7,325

 
11,078

Construction and other consumer real estate

 
143

 
18

 
60

 

 
72

 
293

Total consumer loans
8

 
925

 
2,615

 
291

 
1,227

 
7,445

 
12,511

Total nonaccruing
14,286

 
4,459

 
3,448

 
8,142

 
12,710

 
65,342

 
108,387

Total
$
24,481

 
$
11,738

 
$
23,101

 
$
9,660

 
$
27,131

 
$
190,412

 
$
286,523

 

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December 31, 2014
 
Recorded investment resulting from the following modification types:
 
 
(In thousands)

Interest
rate below
market
 
Maturity
or term
extension
 
Principal
forgiveness
 
Payment
deferral
 
Other1
 
Multiple
modification
types2
 
Total
Accruing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
2,611

 
$
6,509

 
$
18

 
$
3,203

 
$
3,855

 
$
34,585

 
$
50,781

Owner occupied
19,981

 
1,124

 
960

 
1,251

 
10,960

 
17,505

 
51,781

Total commercial
22,592

 
7,633

 
978

 
4,454

 
14,815

 
52,090

 
102,562

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development

 

 

 

 
521

 
19,854

 
20,375

Term
7,328

 
9,027

 
179

 
3,153

 
2,546

 
39,007

 
61,240

Total commercial real estate
7,328

 
9,027

 
179

 
3,153

 
3,067

 
58,861

 
81,615

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
742

 
70

 
11,320

 

 
166

 
1,281

 
13,579

1-4 family residential
2,425

 
552

 
6,828

 
446

 
753

 
34,719

 
45,723

Construction and other consumer real estate
290

 
422

 
42

 
90

 

 
1,227

 
2,071

Total consumer loans
3,457

 
1,044

 
18,190

 
536

 
919

 
37,227

 
61,373

Total accruing
33,377

 
17,704

 
19,347

 
8,143

 
18,801

 
148,178

 
245,550

Nonaccruing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
442

 
576

 

 
611

 
5,199

 
20,410

 
27,238

Owner occupied
2,714

 
1,219

 

 
883

 
2,852

 
12,040

 
19,708

Municipal

 
1,056

 

 

 

 

 
1,056

Total commercial
3,156

 
2,851

 

 
1,494

 
8,051

 
32,450

 
48,002

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
11,080

 
68

 

 
93

 
3,300

 
6,427

 
20,968

Term
2,851

 

 

 

 
277

 
4,607

 
7,735

Total commercial real estate
13,931

 
68

 

 
93

 
3,577

 
11,034

 
28,703

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line

 

 
420

 
203

 

 
399

 
1,022

1-4 family residential
3,378

 
1,029

 
1,951

 
191

 
3,527

 
9,413

 
19,489

Construction and other consumer real estate

 
463

 

 

 

 
100

 
563

Total consumer loans
3,378

 
1,492

 
2,371

 
394

 
3,527

 
9,912

 
21,074

Total nonaccruing
20,465

 
4,411

 
2,371

 
1,981

 
15,155

 
53,396

 
97,779

Total
$
53,842

 
$
22,115

 
$
21,718

 
$
10,124

 
$
33,956

 
$
201,574

 
$
343,329

1 
Includes TDRs that resulted from other modification types including, but not limited to, a legal judgment awarded on different terms, a bankruptcy plan confirmed on different terms, a settlement that includes the delivery of collateral in exchange for debt reduction, etc.
2 
Includes TDRs that resulted from a combination of any of the previous modification types.
Unfunded lending commitments on TDRs amounted to approximately $3.6 million at September 30, 2015 and $6.1 million at December 31, 2014.

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The total recorded investment of all TDRs in which interest rates were modified below market was $190.7 million at September 30, 2015 and $219.3 million at December 31, 2014. These loans are included in the previous schedule in the columns for interest rate below market and multiple modification types.
The net financial impact on interest income due to interest rate modifications below market for accruing TDRs is summarized in the following schedule:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In thousands)
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
(67
)
 
$
(36
)
 
$
(189
)
 
$
(34
)
Owner occupied
(46
)
 
(124
)
 
(230
)
 
(400
)
Total commercial
(113
)
 
(160
)
 
(419
)
 
(434
)
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
(26
)
 
(48
)
 
(88
)
 
(154
)
Term
(84
)
 
(150
)
 
(295
)
 
(435
)
Total commercial real estate
(110
)
 
(198
)
 
(383
)
 
(589
)
Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(4
)
1-4 family residential
(260
)
 
(276
)
 
(800
)
 
(863
)
Construction and other consumer real estate
(7
)
 
(8
)
 
(21
)
 
(25
)
Total consumer loans
(267
)
 
(285
)
 
(822
)
 
(892
)
Total decrease to interest income1
$
(490
)
 
$
(643
)
 
$
(1,624
)
 
$
(1,915
)
1 
Calculated based on the difference between the modified rate and the premodified rate applied to the recorded investment.
On an ongoing basis, we monitor the performance of all TDRs according to their restructured terms. Subsequent payment default is defined in terms of delinquency, when principal or interest payments are past due 90 days or more for commercial loans, or 60 days or more for consumer loans.
The recorded investment of accruing and nonaccruing TDRs that had a payment default during the period listed below (and are still in default at period end) and are within 12 months or less of being modified as TDRs is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2015
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Accruing
 
Nonaccruing
 
Total
 
Accruing
 
Nonaccruing
 
Total
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$

 
$
9

 
$
9

 
$

 
$
104

 
$
104

Owner occupied

 

 

 

 
943

 
943

Total commercial

 
9

 
9

 

 
1,047

 
1,047

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development

 

 

 

 

 

Term

 

 

 

 
833

 
833

Total commercial real estate

 

 

 

 
833

 
833

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line

 

 

 

 

 

1-4 family residential

 
595

 
595

 

 
595

 
595

Construction and other consumer real estate

 

 

 

 

 

Total consumer loans

 
595

 
595

 

 
595

 
595

Total
$

 
$
604

 
$
604

 
$

 
$
2,475

 
$
2,475


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Three Months Ended
September 30, 2014
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Accruing
 
Nonaccruing
 
Total
 
Accruing
 
Nonaccruing
 
Total
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
96

 
$
633

 
$
729

 
$
96

 
$
752

 
$
848

Owner occupied

 
1,025

 
1,025

 

 
1,025

 
1,025

Total commercial
96

 
1,658

 
1,754

 
96

 
1,777

 
1,873

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development

 

 

 

 

 

Term

 

 

 

 

 

Total commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

 

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line

 
158

 
158

 

 
201

 
201

1-4 family residential

 
353

 
353

 

 
353

 
353

Construction and other consumer real estate

 

 

 

 
39

 
39

Total consumer loans

 
511

 
511

 

 
593

 
593

Total
$
96

 
$
2,169

 
$
2,265

 
$
96

 
$
2,370

 
$
2,466

Note: Total loans modified as TDRs during the 12 months previous to September 30, 2015 and 2014 were $93.4 million and $97.3 million, respectively.

As of September 30, 2015, the amount of foreclosed residential real estate property held by the Company was approximately $1.6 million, and the recorded investment in consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that are in the process of foreclosure was approximately $9.3 million.

Concentrations of Credit Risk
Credit risk is the possibility of loss from the failure of a borrower, guarantor, or another obligor to fully perform under the terms of a credit-related contract. Credit risks (whether on- or off-balance sheet) may occur when individual borrowers, groups of borrowers, or counterparties have similar economic characteristics, including industries, geographies, collateral types, sponsors, etc., and are similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions. Credit risk also includes the loss that would be recognized subsequent to the reporting date if counterparties failed to perform as contracted. See Note 7 for a discussion of counterparty risk associated with the Company’s derivative transactions.

We perform an ongoing analysis of our loan portfolio to evaluate whether there is any significant exposure to any concentrations of credit risk. Based on this analysis, we believe that the loan portfolio is generally well diversified; however, there are certain significant concentrations in CRE and energy-related lending. Further, we cannot guarantee that we have fully understood or mitigated all risk concentrations or correlated risks. We have adopted and adhere to concentration limits on various types of CRE lending, particularly construction and land development lending, leveraged and enterprise value lending, municipal lending, and energy-related lending. All of these limits are continually monitored and revised as necessary.

Purchased Loans
Background and Accounting
We purchase loans in the ordinary course of business and account for them and the related interest income based on their performing status at the time of acquisition. PCI loans have evidence of credit deterioration at the time of acquisition and it is probable that not all contractual payments will be collected. Interest income for PCI loans is accounted for on an expected cash flow basis. Certain other loans acquired by the Company that are not credit-impaired include loans with revolving privileges and are excluded from the PCI tabular disclosures following. Interest income for these loans is accounted for on a contractual cash flow basis. Upon acquisition, in accordance

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with applicable accounting guidance, the acquired loans were recorded at their fair value without a corresponding ALLL. Certain acquired loans with similar characteristics such as risk exposure, type, size, etc., are grouped and accounted for in loan pools.

Outstanding Balances and Accretable Yield
The outstanding balances of all required payments and the related carrying amounts for PCI loans are as follows:
(In thousands)
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
78,180

 
 
 
$
104,942

 
Commercial real estate
 
81,012

 
 
 
118,217

 
Consumer
 
12,204

 
 
 
17,910

 
Outstanding balance
 
$
171,396

 
 
 
$
241,069

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Carrying amount
 
$
133,221

 
 
 
$
179,299

 
Less ALLL
 
1,205

 
 
 
2,800

 
Carrying amount, net
 
$
132,016

 
 
 
$
176,499

 
At the time of acquisition of PCI loans, we determine the loan’s contractually required payments in excess of all cash flows expected to be collected as an amount that should not be accreted (nonaccretable difference). With respect to the cash flows expected to be collected, the portion representing the excess of the loan’s expected cash flows over our initial investment (accretable yield) is accreted into interest income on a level yield basis over the remaining expected life of the loan or pool of loans. The effects of estimated prepayments are considered in estimating the expected cash flows.

Certain PCI loans are not accounted for as previously described because the estimation of cash flows to be collected involves a high degree of uncertainty. Under these circumstances, the accounting guidance provides that interest income is recognized on a cash basis similar to the cost recovery methodology for nonaccrual loans. The net carrying amounts in the preceding schedule also include the amounts for these loans. There were no amounts of these loans at September 30, 2015 and $5.3 million at December 31, 2014.
Changes in the accretable yield for PCI loans were as follows: 
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
46,702

 
$
60,834

 
$
45,055

 
$
77,528

Accretion
(7,535
)
 
(10,279
)
 
(28,792
)
 
(46,767
)
Reclassification from nonaccretable difference
1,005

 
2,955

 
18,865

 
17,406

Disposals and other
1,126

 
(38
)
 
6,170

 
5,305

Balance at end of period
$
41,298

 
$
53,472

 
$
41,298

 
$
53,472

Note: Amounts have been adjusted based on refinements to the original estimates of the accretable yield.
The primary drivers of reclassification to accretable yield from nonaccretable difference and increases in disposals and other resulted primarily from (1) changes in estimated cash flows, (2) unexpected payments on nonaccrual loans, and (3) recoveries on zero balance loans pools. See subsequent discussion under changes in cash flow estimates.

ALLL Determination
For all acquired loans, the ALLL is only established for credit deterioration subsequent to the date of acquisition and represents our estimate of the inherent losses in excess of the book value of acquired loans. The ALLL for acquired loans is included in the overall ALLL in the balance sheet.

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During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, we adjusted the ALLL for acquired loans by recording a provision for loan losses of $0.8 million and $0.3 million, respectively. No adjustment was made during the three months ended September 30, 2014 and $(2.5) million was made during the nine months ended September 30, 2014. The provision is net of the ALLL reversals discussed subsequently.

Changes in the provision for loan losses and related ALLL are driven in large part by the same factors that affect the changes in reclassification from nonaccretable difference to accretable yield, as discussed under changes in cash flow estimates.

Changes in Cash Flow Estimates
Over the life of the loan or loan pool, we continue to estimate cash flows expected to be collected. We evaluate quarterly at the balance sheet date whether the estimated present values of these loans using the effective interest rates have decreased below their carrying values. If so, we record a provision for loan losses.

For increases in carrying values that resulted from better-than-expected cash flows, we use such increases first to reverse any existing ALLL. During the three and nine months ended September 30, total reversals to the ALLL, including the impact of increases in estimated cash flows, were $0.6 million and $3.1 million in 2015 and $0.8 million and $4.4 million in 2014, respectively. When there is no current ALLL, we increase the amount of accretable yield on a prospective basis over the remaining life of the loan and recognize this increase in interest income.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, the impact of increased cash flow estimates recognized in the statement of income for acquired loans with no ALLL was approximately $5.4 million and $22.1 million in 2015 and $7.7 million and $37.9 million in 2014, respectively, of additional interest income.

7.
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
Objectives
Our objectives in using derivatives are to add stability to interest income or expense, to modify the duration of specific assets or liabilities as we consider advisable, to manage exposure to interest rate movements or other identified risks, and/or to directly offset derivatives sold to our customers. To accomplish these objectives, we use interest rate swaps as part of our cash flow hedging strategy. These derivatives are used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with designated commercial loans.

Interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of fixed-rate amounts in exchange for variable rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying principal amount. Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges, including basis swap agreements, are not speculative and are used to economically manage our exposure to interest rate movements and other identified risks, but do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements.

Accounting
We record all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. Note 10 discusses the process to estimate fair value for derivatives. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to variability in expected cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges.
For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in earnings together with changes in the fair value of the related hedged item. The net amount, if any, representing hedge ineffectiveness, is reflected in earnings. In previous years, we used fair value hedges to manage interest rate

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exposure to certain long-term debt. These hedges have been terminated and their remaining balances are being amortized into earnings, as discussed subsequently.
For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in OCI and recognized in earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges is recognized directly in earnings.
No derivatives have been designated for hedges of investments in foreign operations.
We assess the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in fair value or cash flows on the derivative hedging instrument with the changes in fair value or cash flows on the designated hedged item or transaction. For derivatives not designated as accounting hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings.
The remaining balances of any derivative instruments terminated prior to maturity, including amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) for swap hedges, are accreted or amortized to interest income or expense over the period to their previously stated maturity dates.
Amounts in AOCI are reclassified to interest income as interest is earned on variable rate loans and as amounts for terminated hedges are accreted or amortized to earnings. For the 12 months following September 30, 2015, we estimate that an additional $11.6 million will be reclassified.

Collateral and Credit Risk
Exposure to credit risk arises from the possibility of nonperformance by counterparties. Financial institutions which are well capitalized and well established are the counterparties for those derivatives entered into for asset liability management and to offset derivatives sold to our customers. The Company reduces its counterparty exposure for derivative contracts by centrally clearing all eligible derivatives.
For those derivatives that are not centrally cleared, the counterparties are typically financial institutions or customers of the Company. For those that are financial institutions, we manage our credit exposure through the use of a Credit Support Annex (“CSA”) to International Swaps and Derivative Association (“ISDA”) master agreements. Eligible collateral types are documented by the CSA and controlled under the Company’s general credit policies. They are typically monitored on a daily basis. A valuation haircut policy reflects the fact that collateral may fall in value between the date the collateral is called and the date of liquidation or enforcement. In practice, all of the Company’s collateral held as credit risk mitigation under a CSA is cash.
We offer interest rate swaps to our customers to assist them in managing their exposure to changing interest rates. Upon issuance, all of these customer swaps are immediately offset through matching derivative contracts, such that the Company minimizes its interest rate risk exposure resulting from such transactions. Most of these customers do not have the capability for centralized clearing. Therefore we manage the credit risk through loan underwriting which includes a credit risk exposure formula for the swap, the same collateral and guarantee protection applicable to the loan and credit approvals, limits, and monitoring procedures. Fee income from customer swaps is included in other service charges, commissions and fees. No significant losses on derivative instruments have occurred as a result of counterparty nonperformance. Nevertheless, the related credit risk is considered and measured when and where appropriate. See Note 6 for further discussion of our underwriting, collateral requirements, and other procedures used to address credit risk.
Our derivative contracts require us to pledge collateral for derivatives that are in a net liability position at a given balance sheet date. Certain of these derivative contracts contain credit-risk-related contingent features that include the requirement to maintain a minimum debt credit rating. We may be required to pledge additional collateral if a credit-risk-related feature were triggered, such as a downgrade of our credit rating. However, in past situations, not all counterparties have demanded that additional collateral be pledged when provided for under their contracts. At September 30, 2015, the fair value of our derivative liabilities was $86.4 million, for which we were required to pledge cash collateral of approximately $61.0 million in the normal course of business. If our credit rating were downgraded one notch by either Standard & Poor’s or Moody’s at September 30, 2015, the additional amount of

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collateral we could be required to pledge is approximately $1.9 million. As a result of the Dodd-Frank Act, all newly eligible derivatives entered into are cleared through a central clearinghouse. Derivatives that are centrally cleared do not have credit-risk-related features that require additional collateral if our credit rating were downgraded.

Derivative Amounts
Selected information with respect to notional amounts and recorded gross fair values at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, and the related gain (loss) of derivative instruments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 is summarized as follows:

 
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
Notional
amount
 
Fair value
 
Notional
amount
 
Fair value
(In thousands)
Other
assets
 
Other
liabilities
 
Other
assets
 
Other
liabilities
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
$
1,387,500

 
$
17,367

 
$

 
$
275,000

 
$
1,508

 
$
123

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments
1,387,500

 
17,367

 

 
275,000

 
1,508

 
123

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps for customers 2
3,237,694

 
66,805

 
69,991

 
2,770,052

 
48,287

 
50,669

Foreign exchange
340,818

 
18,947

 
16,372

 
443,721

 
16,625

 
15,272

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
3,578,512

 
85,752

 
86,363

 
3,213,773

 
64,912

 
65,941

Total derivatives
$
4,966,012

 
$
103,119

 
$
86,363

 
$
3,488,773

 
$
66,420

 
$
66,064


 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
Amount of derivative gain (loss) recognized/reclassified
(In thousands)
 
OCI
 
Reclassified
from AOCI
to interest
income
3
 
Noninterest
income
(expense)
 
Offset to
interest
expense
 
OCI
 
Reclassified
from AOCI
to interest
income 3
 
Noninterest
income
(expense)
 
Offset to
interest
expense
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges 1:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
$
17,343

 
$
2,957

 
 
 
 
 
$
21,172

 
$
5,191

 
 
 
 

17,343

 
2,957

 


 
 
 
21,172

 
5,191

 


 
 
Liability derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Terminated swaps on long-term debt
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
431

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
1,364

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments
17,343

 
2,957

 


 
431

 
21,172

 
5,191

 


 
1,364

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps for customers 2
 
 
 
 
$
939

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
5,329

 
 
Futures contracts
 
 
 
 
1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2

 
 
Foreign exchange
 
 
 
 
2,506

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6,938

 
 
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
3,446

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12,269

 
 
Total derivatives
$
17,343

 
$
2,957

 
$
3,446

 
$
431

 
$
21,172

 
$
5,191

 
$
12,269

 
$
1,364


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Three Months Ended September 30, 2014
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
 
Amount of derivative gain (loss) recognized/reclassified
(In thousands)
 
OCI
 
Reclassified
from AOCI
to interest
income
3
 
Noninterest
income
(expense)
 
Offset to
interest
expense
 
OCI
 
Reclassified
from AOCI
to interest
income 3
 
Noninterest
income
(expense)
 
Offset to
interest
expense
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges 1:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
$
(845
)
 
$
770

 
 
 
 
 
$
1,681

 
$
1,698

 
 
 
 
 
(845
)
 
770

 


 
 
 
1,681

 
1,698

 


 
 
Liability derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Terminated swaps on long-term debt
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
496

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
1,822

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments
(845
)
 
770

 


 
496

 
1,681

 
1,698

 


 
1,822

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
 
 
 
 
$
1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
355

 
 
Interest rate swaps for customers 2
 
 
 
 
1,419

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
493

 
 
Foreign exchange
 
 
 
 
2,242

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5,951

 
 
Total return swap
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(7,894
)
 
 
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
 
 
 
 
3,662

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,095
)
 
 
Total derivatives
$
(845
)
 
$
770

 
$
3,662

 
$
496

 
$
1,681

 
$
1,698

 
$
(1,095
)
 
$
1,822


Note: These schedules are not intended to present at any given time the Company’s long/short position with respect to its derivative contracts.
1 
Amounts recognized in OCI and reclassified from AOCI represent the effective portion of the derivative gain.
2 
Notional amounts include both the customer swaps and the offsetting derivative contracts.
3 
Amounts for the three and nine months ended September 30, of $3.0 million and $5.2 million in 2015, and $0.8 million and $1.7 million in 2014, respectively, are the amounts of reclassification to earnings from AOCI presented in Note 8.

At September 30, 2015, the fair value of derivative assets was reduced by a net credit valuation adjustment of $3.0 million. The adjustment for derivative liabilities was not significant. At September 30, 2014, these same adjustments were $1.7 million and $0.3 million, respectively. These adjustments are required to reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk.

8.
DEBT AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Long-term debt is summarized as follows:
(In thousands)
September 30,
2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
 
 
Junior subordinated debentures related to trust preferred securities
$
164,950

 
$
168,043

Convertible subordinated notes
70,119

 
132,838

Subordinated notes
302,102

 
335,798

Senior notes
406,631

 
432,385

FHLB advances

 
22,156

Capital lease obligations
950

 
1,062

Total
$
944,752

 
$
1,092,282

The preceding carrying values represent the par value of the debt adjusted for any unamortized premium or discount or other basis adjustments, including the value of associated hedges.


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Debt Redemptions and Maturities
During the third quarter of 2015, approximately $109 million carrying value of 6.0% subordinated and convertible subordinated notes matured. During the first half of 2015, we redeemed approximately $27 million of long-term senior notes at their initial call dates, and we redeemed $3.1 million of trust preferred securities and the entire $22 million of FHLB advances; the FHLB redemption resulted in debt extinguishment cost of $2.4 million.

On November 16, 2015, approximately $122 million carrying value at September 30, 2015 of 5.5% subordinated and convertible subordinated notes will mature.

Preferred Stock
On October, 19 2015, we announced the commencement of a $180 million cash tender offer to purchase certain outstanding preferred stock and depositary shares. The tender offer will expire on November 16, 2015.

Basel III Capital Framework
Effective January 1, 2015, we adopted the new Basel III capital framework that was issued by the Federal Reserve for U.S. banking organizations. We adopted the new capital rules on a 2015 phase-in basis and will adopt the fully phased-in requirements effective January 1, 2019. During the first quarter of 2015, we made the “opt-out” election with respect to the regulatory capital treatment of AOCI under the Basel III framework.

Among other things, the new rules revise capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, and they modify specified quantitative measures of our assets, liabilities, and capital. The impact of these new rules will require the Company to maintain capital in excess of current “well-capitalized” regulatory standards.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Changes in AOCI by component are as follows:
(In thousands)

 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities
 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives and other
 
Pension and post-retirement
 
Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2014
 
 
$
(91,921
)
 
 
 
$
2,226

 
 
$
(38,346
)
 
$
(128,041
)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax
 
 
15,398

 
 
 
13,035

 
 

 
28,433

Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of tax
 
 
85,845

 
 
 
(3,212
)
 
 

 
82,633

Other comprehensive income
 
 
101,243

 
 
 
9,823

 
 

 
111,066

Balance at September 30, 2015
 
 
$
9,322

 
 
 
$
12,049

 
 
$
(38,346
)
 
$
(16,975
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax expense included in other comprehensive income
 
 
$
65,549

 
 
 
$
6,311

 
 
$

 
$
71,860

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2013
 
 
$
(168,805
)
 
 
 
$
1,556

 
 
$
(24,852
)
 
$
(192,101
)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax
 
 
100,723

 
 
 
678

 
 

 
101,401

Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of tax
 
 
(19,206
)
 
 
 
(1,021
)
 
 

 
(20,227
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
81,517

 
 
 
(343
)
 
 

 
81,174

Balance at September 30, 2014
 
 
$
(87,288
)
 
 
 
$
1,213

 
 
$
(24,852
)
 
$
(110,927
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax expense (benefit) included in other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
$
61,714

 
 
 
$
(214
)
 
 
$

 
$
61,500


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Amounts reclassified
from AOCI 1
 
Statement of income (SI) Balance sheet
(BS)
 
 
(In thousands)
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
 
Details about AOCI components
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
Affected line item
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net realized gains (losses) on investment securities
 
$
(53
)
 
$
(13,901
)
 
$
(138,728
)
 
$
22,039

 
SI
 
Fixed income securities gains (losses), net
Income tax expense (benefit)
 
(20
)
 
(6,015
)
 
(52,883
)
 
1,981

 
 
 
 
 
 
(33
)
 
(7,886
)
 
(85,845
)
 
20,058

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized losses on investment securities
 

 

 

 
(27
)
 
SI
 
Net impairment losses on investment securities
Income tax benefit
 

 

 

 
(10
)
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 

 
(17
)
 
 
 
 
Accretion of securities with noncredit-related impairment losses not expected to be sold
 

 
(467
)
 

 
(1,411
)
 
BS
 
Investment securities, held-to-maturity
Deferred income taxes
 

 
191

 

 
576

 
BS
 
Other assets
 
 
$
(33
)
 
$
(8,162
)
 
$
(85,845
)
 
$
19,206

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gains on derivative instruments
 
$
2,957

 
$
770

 
$
5,191

 
$
1,698

 
SI
 
Interest and fees on loans
Income tax expense
 
1,127

 
307

 
1,979

 
677

 
 
 
 
 
 
$
1,830

 
$
463

 
$
3,212

 
$
1,021

 
 
 
 
1 
Negative reclassification amounts indicate decreases to earnings in the statement of income and increases to balance sheet assets. The opposite applies to positive reclassification amounts.

9.
INCOME TAXES
The effective income tax rate of 28.8% for the third quarter of 2015 was lower than the 2014 third quarter rate of 35.6%, primarily due to the recognition of tax credits for certain research and development initiatives and for a project related to alternative energy that was placed in service during the third quarter of 2015. On a year-to-date basis, the 2015 tax rate of 32.0% was lower than the 2014 rate of 36.1% due primarily to the tax credit projects and to an increase in the proportion of nontaxable items relative to pretax income.
Net deferred tax assets were approximately $201 million at September 30, 2015 and $224 million at December 31, 2014. We evaluate deferred tax assets on a regular basis to determine whether an additional valuation allowance is required. Based on this evaluation, and considering the weight of the positive evidence compared to the negative evidence, we have concluded that an additional valuation allowance is not required as of September 30, 2015.

10.
FAIR VALUE
Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. To measure fair value, a hierarchy has been established that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. This hierarchy uses three levels of inputs to measure the fair value of assets and liabilities as follows:
Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access;
Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in less active markets, observable inputs other than quoted prices that are used in the valuation of an asset or liability, and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means; and
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs supported by little or no market activity for financial instruments whose value is determined by pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.
The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement is classified is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measure in its entirety. Market activity is presumed to be orderly in the absence of evidence of forced or disorderly sales, although such sales may still be indicative of fair value. Applicable accounting guidance precludes the use of blockage factors or liquidity adjustments due to the quantity of securities held by an entity.

We use fair value to measure certain assets and liabilities on a recurring basis when fair value is the primary measure for accounting. Fair value is used on a nonrecurring basis to measure certain assets when adjusting carrying values, such as the application of lower of cost or fair value accounting, including recognition of impairment on assets. Fair value is also used when providing required disclosures for certain financial instruments.

Fair Value Policies and Procedures
We have various policies, processes and controls in place to ensure that fair values are reasonably developed, reviewed and approved for use. These include a Securities Valuation Committee (“SVC”) comprised of executive management appointed by the Board of Directors. The SVC reviews and approves on a quarterly basis the key components of fair value estimation, including critical valuation assumptions for Level 3 modeling. A Model Risk Management Group conducts model validations, including internal models, and sets policies and procedures for revalidation, including the timing of revalidation.

Third Party Service Providers
We use a third party pricing service to provide pricing for approximately 92% of our AFS Level 2 securities. Fair values for other AFS Level 2 and for Level 3 securities generally use certain inputs corroborated by market data and include standard form discounted cash flow modeling.

For Level 2 securities, the third party pricing service provides documentation on an ongoing basis that presents market corroborative data, including detail pricing information and market reference data. The documentation includes benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, and reference data, including information from the vendor trading platform. We review, test and validate this information as appropriate. Absent observable trade data, we do not adjust prices from our third party sources.

The following describes the hierarchy designations, valuation methodologies, and key inputs to measure fair value on a recurring basis for designated financial instruments:

Available-for-Sale
U.S. Treasury, Agencies and Corporations
U.S. Treasury securities are measured under Level 1 using quoted market prices when available. U.S. agencies and corporations are measured under Level 2 generally using the previously discussed third party pricing service.

Municipal Securities
Municipal securities are measured under Level 2 generally using the third party pricing service. Valuation inputs include Baa municipal curves, as well as FHLB and London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) swap curves.
Money Market Mutual Funds and Other
Money market mutual funds and other securities are measured under Level 1 or Level 2. For Level 1, quoted market prices are used which may include net asset values or their equivalents. Level 2 valuations generally use quoted prices for similar securities.

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Trading Account
Securities in the trading account are measured under Level 1 using quoted market prices. If not available, quoted prices under Level 2 for similar securities are used.
Bank-Owned Life Insurance
Bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”) is measured under Level 2 according to cash surrender values (“CSVs”) of the insurance policies that are provided by a third party service. Nearly all policies are general account policies with CSVs based on the Company’s claims on the assets of the insurance companies. The insurance companies’ investments include predominantly fixed income securities consisting of investment-grade corporate bonds and various types of mortgage instruments. Management regularly reviews its BOLI investment performance, including concentrations among insurance providers.
Private Equity Investments
Private equity investments are measured under Level 3. The Equity Investments Committee, consisting of executives familiar with the investments, reviews periodic financial information, including audited financial statements when available. Certain analytics may be employed that include current and projected financial performance, recent financing activities, economic and market conditions, market comparables, market liquidity, sales restrictions, and other factors. The amount of unfunded commitments to invest is disclosed in Note 11. Certain restrictions apply for the redemption of these investments and certain investments are prohibited by the Volcker Rule. See discussions in Notes 5 and 11.
Agriculture Loan Servicing
This asset results from our servicing of agriculture loans approved and funded by Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation (“FAMC”). We provide this servicing under an agreement with FAMC for loans they own. The asset’s fair value represents our projection of the present value of future cash flows measured under Level 3 using discounted cash flow methodologies.
Interest-Only Strips
Interest-only strips are created as a by-product of the securitization process. When the guaranteed portions of SBA 7(a) loans are pooled, interest-only strips may be created in the pooling process. The asset’s fair value represents our projection of the present value of future cash flows measured under Level 3 using discounted cash flow methodologies.
Deferred Compensation Plan Assets and Obligations
Invested assets in the deferred compensation plan consist of shares of registered investment companies. These mutual funds are valued under Level 1 at quoted market prices, which represents the NAV of shares held by the plan at the end of the period.
Derivatives
Derivatives are measured according to their classification as either exchange-traded or over-the-counter (“OTC”). Exchange-traded derivatives consist of foreign currency exchange contracts measured under Level 1 because they are traded in active markets. OTC derivatives, including those for customers, consist of interest rate swaps and options. These derivatives are measured under Level 2 using third party services. Observable market inputs include yield curves (the LIBOR swap curve and relevant overnight index swap curves), foreign exchange rates, commodity prices, option volatilities, counterparty credit risk, and other related data. Credit valuation adjustments are required to reflect nonperformance risk for both the Company and the respective counterparty. These adjustments are determined generally by applying a credit spread to the total expected exposure of the derivative.
Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased
Securities sold, not yet purchased, included in “Federal funds and other short-term borrowings” on the balance sheet, are measured under Level 1 using quoted market prices. If not available, quoted prices under Level 2 for similar securities are used.

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Quantitative Disclosure of Fair Value Measurements
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value by class on a recurring basis are summarized as follows:
(In thousands)
September 30, 2015
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury, agencies and corporations
$

 
$
5,741,982

 
$

 
$
5,741,982

Municipal securities
 
 
213,398

 


 
213,398

Other debt securities
 
 
22,767

 
 
 
22,767

Money market mutual funds and other
18,509

 
3,355

 
 
 
21,864

 
18,509

 
5,981,502

 

 
6,000,011

Trading account
 
 
73,521

 
 
 
73,521

Other noninterest-bearing investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank-owned life insurance
 
 
482,199

 
 
 
482,199

Private equity investments
 
 


 
120,195

 
120,195

Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agriculture loan servicing and interest-only strips

 


 
13,161

 
13,161

Deferred compensation plan assets
83,703

 


 


 
83,703

Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate related and other
 
 
18,270

 
 
 
18,270

Interest rate swaps for customers
 
 
66,805

 
 
 
66,805

Foreign currency exchange contracts
18,947

 
 
 
 
 
18,947

 
18,947

 
85,075

 

 
104,022

 
$
121,159

 
$
6,622,297

 
$
133,356

 
$
6,876,812

LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities sold, not yet purchased
$
29,566

 
$

 
$

 
$
29,566

Other liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred compensation plan obligations
83,703

 

 

 
83,703

Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate related and other
 
 
245

 
 
 
245

Interest rate swaps for customers
 
 
69,991

 
 
 
69,991

Foreign currency exchange contracts
16,372

 
 
 
 
 
16,372

 
16,372

 
70,236

 

 
86,608

 
$
129,641

 
$
70,236

 
$

 
$
199,877


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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

(In thousands)
December 31, 2014
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury, agencies and corporations
$

 
$
3,098,208

 
$

 
$
3,098,208

Municipal securities
 
 
185,093

 
4,164

 
189,257

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust preferred – banks and insurance
 
 
22,701

 
393,007

 
415,708

Auction rate
 
 
 
 
4,761

 
4,761

Other
 
 
666

 
25

 
691

Money market mutual funds and other
105,348

 
30,275

 
 
 
135,623

 
105,348

 
3,336,943

 
401,957

 
3,844,248

Trading account
 
 
70,601

 
 
 
70,601

Other noninterest-bearing investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank-owned life insurance
 
 
476,290

 
 
 
476,290

Private equity investments
 
 


 
99,865

 
99,865

Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agriculture loan servicing and interest-only strips

 


 
12,227

 
12,227

Deferred compensation plan assets
88,878

 


 


 
88,878

Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate related and other
 
 
1,508

 
 
 
1,508

Interest rate swaps for customers
 
 
48,287

 
 
 
48,287

Foreign currency exchange contracts
16,625

 
 
 
 
 
16,625

 
16,625

 
49,795

 

 
66,420

 
$
210,851

 
$
3,933,629

 
$
514,049

 
$
4,658,529

LIABILITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities sold, not yet purchased
$
24,230

 
$

 
$

 
$
24,230

Other liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred compensation plan obligations
88,878

 

 

 
88,878

Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate related and other
 
 
297

 
 
 
297

Interest rate swaps for customers
 
 
50,669

 
 
 
50,669

Foreign currency exchange contracts
15,272

 
 
 
 
 
15,272

 
15,272

 
50,966

 

 
66,238

Other
 
 
 
 
13

 
13

 
$
128,380

 
$
50,966

 
$
13

 
$
179,359



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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Reconciliation of Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
The following reconciles the beginning and ending balances of assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value by class on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs:

 
Level 3 Instruments
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Municipal
securities

Trust 
preferred – banks and insurance

Other

Private
equity
investments

Ag loan svcg and int-only strips

Derivatives
and other
liabilities

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at June 30, 2015
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
110,115

 
$
13,502

 
$

Net gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends and other investment income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(620
)
 
 
 
 
Equity securities gains, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
3,587

 
 
 
 
Other noninterest loss, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(375
)
 
 
Purchases
 
 
 
 
 
 
8,184

 
234

 
 
Sales

 

 

 
(126
)
 
 
 
 
Redemptions and paydowns


 


 


 
(945
)
 
(200
)
 

Balance at September 30, 2015
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
120,195

 
$
13,161

 
$



 
Level 3 Instruments
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
(In thousands)
Municipal
securities
 
Trust 
preferred – banks and insurance
 
Other
 
Private
equity
investments
 
Ag loan svcg and int-only strips
 
Derivatives
and other
liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2014
$
4,164

 
$
393,007

 
$
4,761

 
$
97,649

 
$
12,227

 
$
(13
)
Net gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accretion of purchase discount on securities available-for-sale
3

 
471

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends and other investment loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,179
)
 
 
 
 
Equity securities gains, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
7,554

 
 
 
 
Fixed income securities losses, net
(344
)
 
(136,691
)
 
(606
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other noninterest income, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,112

 
 
Other noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13

Other comprehensive income (loss)
687

 
141,547

 
(74
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of HTM securities reclassified as AFS
 
 
57,308

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases
 
 
 
 
 
 
20,498

 
615

 
 
Sales
(2,651
)
 
(440,055
)
 
(4,081
)
 
(2,634
)
 
 
 
 
Redemptions and paydowns
(1,859
)
 
(15,587
)
 


 
(1,693
)
 
(793
)
 
 
Balance at September 30, 2015
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
120,195

 
$
13,161

 
$




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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 
Level 3 Instruments
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Municipal
securities

Trust 
preferred – banks and insurance

Trust
preferred – REIT 1

Auction
rate

Other
asset-backed

Private
equity
investments

Ag loan svcg and int-only strips

Derivatives
and other
liabilities

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at June 30, 2014
$
10,038

 
$
685,805

 
$

 
$
6,578

 
$
28

 
$
82,256

 
$
11,461

 
$
(132
)
Net gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accretion of purchase discount on securities available-for-sale
9

 
480

 

 
1

 


 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends and other investment income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,451

 
 
 
 
Equity securities losses, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3,684
)
 
 
 
 
Fixed income securities gains (losses), net
2

 
(13,956
)
 


 
37

 


 
 
 
 
 
 
Other noninterest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
139

 
 
Other noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
65

Other comprehensive income
4

 
45,521

 


 
48

 


 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4,438

 
531

 
 
Sales
 
 
(155,869
)
 


 
(950
)
 
(1
)
 
(476
)
 
 
 
 
Redemptions and paydowns
(125
)
 
(36,511
)
 
 
 


 


 
(100
)
 
(213
)
 


Balance at September 30, 2014
$
9,928

 
$
525,470

 
$

 
$
5,714

 
$
27

 
$
83,885

 
$
11,918

 
$
(67
)

 
Level 3 Instruments
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Municipal
securities
 
Trust 
preferred – banks and insurance
 
Trust
preferred – REIT 1
 
Auction
rate
 
Other
asset-backed
 
Private
equity
investments
 
Ag loan svcg and int-only strips
 
Derivatives
and other
liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2013
$
10,662

 
$
1,238,820

 
$
22,996

 
$
6,599

 
$
25,800

 
$
82,410

 
$
8,852

 
$
(4,303
)
Net gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accretion of purchase discount on securities available-for-sale
27

 
1,833

 

 
3

 


 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends and other investment income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,296
)
 
 
 
 
Fair value and nonhedge derivative loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(7,894
)
Equity securities gains, net
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3,100
)
 
 
 
 
Fixed income securities gains, net
18

 
9,009

 
1,399

 
37

 
10,917

 
 
 
 
 
 
Other noninterest income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
665

 
 
Other noninterest expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
174

Other comprehensive income (loss)
(178
)
 
146,861

 


 
25

 
(15
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12,898

 
2,987

 
 
Sales
 
 
(702,257
)
 
(24,395
)
 
(950
)
 
(36,670
)
 
(1,315
)
 
 
 
 
Redemptions and paydowns
(601
)
 
(99,603
)
 

 
 
 
(5
)
 
(5,712
)
 
(586
)
 
11,956

Transfers to Level 2
 
 
(69,193
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at September 30, 2014
$
9,928

 
$
525,470

 
$

 
$
5,714

 
$
27

 
$
83,885

 
$
11,918

 
$
(67
)
1 
Real Estate Investment Trust
Except for the transfers included in the previous schedule, no transfers of assets or liabilities occurred among Levels 1, 2 or 3 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014. Transfers are considered to have occurred as of the end of the reporting period.


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The preceding reconciling amounts using Level 3 inputs include the following realized amounts in the statement of income:
(In thousands)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends and other investment income
$
(6
)
 
$

 
$
(2
)
 
$
34

Fixed income securities gains (losses), net

 
(13,917
)
 
(137,641
)
 
21,380

Equity securities losses, net
(10,637
)
 

 
(11,311
)
 


Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
Included in the balance sheet amounts are the following amounts of assets that had fair value changes during the year-to-date period measured on a nonrecurring basis.
(In thousands)
Fair value at September 30, 2015
 
Fair value at December 31, 2014
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity investments, carried at cost
$

 
$

 
$
2,974

 
$
2,974

 
$

 
$

 
$
23,454

 
$
23,454

Impaired loans

 
14,419

 

 
14,419

 

 
16,574

 

 
16,574

Other real estate owned

 
2,221

 

 
2,221

 

 
8,034

 

 
8,034

 
$

 
$
16,640

 
$
2,974

 
$
19,614

 
$

 
$
24,608

 
$
23,454

 
$
48,062


The previous fair values may not be current as of the dates indicated, but rather as of the date the fair value change occurred, such as a charge for impairment. Accordingly, carrying values may not equal current fair value.
 
Gains (losses) from fair value changes
(In thousands)

Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HTM securities adjusted for OTTI
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(27
)
Private equity investments, carried at cost
(625
)
 
(339
)
 
(2,903
)
 
(471
)
Impaired loans
(7,666
)
 
(807
)
 
(12,682
)
 
(12,126
)
Other real estate owned
(565
)
 
(3,088
)
 
(1,883
)
 
(6,259
)
 
$
(8,856
)
 
$
(4,234
)
 
$
(17,468
)
 
$
(18,883
)

During the three and nine months ended September 30, we recognized net gains of $0.8 million and $2.7 million in 2015 and $1.9 million and $4.4 million in 2014 from the sale of other real estate owned (“OREO”) properties that had a carrying value at the time of sale of approximately $13.1 million and $30.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Previous to their sale in these periods, we recognized impairment on these properties that was not significant for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, and was $0.4 million and $0.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
Private equity investments carried at cost were measured at fair value for impairment purposes according to the methodology previously discussed for these investments. Amounts of private equity investments carried at cost were $28.7 million at September 30, 2015 and $39.1 million at December 31, 2014. Amounts of other noninterest-bearing investments carried at cost were $220.2 million at September 30, 2015 and $250.7 million at December 31, 2014, which were comprised of Federal Reserve, Federal Home Loan Bank, and Farmer Mac stock.
Impaired (or nonperforming) loans that are collateral-dependent were measured at fair value based on the fair value of the collateral. OREO was measured initially at fair value based on property appraisals at the time of transfer and subsequently at the lower of cost or fair value.

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Measurement of fair value for collateral-dependent loans and OREO was based on third party appraisals that utilize one or more valuation techniques (income, market and/or cost approaches). Any adjustments to calculated fair value were made based on recently completed and validated third party appraisals, third party appraisal services, automated valuation services, or our informed judgment. Evaluations were made to determine that the appraisal process met the relevant concepts and requirements of applicable accounting guidance.
Automated valuation services may be used primarily for residential properties when values from any of the previous methods were not available within 90 days of the balance sheet date. These services use models based on market, economic, and demographic values. The use of these models has only occurred in a very few instances and the related property valuations have not been significant to consider disclosure under Level 3 rather than Level 2.
Impaired loans not collateral-dependent were measured at fair valued based on the present value of future cash flows discounted at the expected coupon rates over the lives of the loans. Because the loans were not discounted at market interest rates, the valuations do not represent fair value and have been excluded from the nonrecurring fair value balance in the preceding schedules.
Fair Value of Certain Financial Instruments
Following is a summary of the carrying values and estimated fair values of certain financial instruments:
 
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
(In thousands)
Carrying
value
 
Estimated
fair value
 
Level
 
Carrying
value
 
Estimated
fair value
 
Level
Financial assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HTM investment securities
$
544,168

 
$
553,088

 
3
 
$
647,252

 
$
677,196

 
3
Loans and leases (including loans held for sale), net of allowance
39,655,805

 
39,414,672

 
3
 
39,591,499

 
39,426,498

 
3
Financial liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Time deposits
2,216,206

 
2,223,094

 
2
 
2,406,924

 
2,408,550

 
2
Foreign deposits
441,560

 
441,548

 
2
 
328,391

 
328,447

 
2
Long-term debt (less fair value hedges)
944,613

 
975,642

 
2
 
1,090,778

 
1,159,287

 
2
This summary excludes financial assets and liabilities for which carrying value approximates fair value. For financial assets, these include cash and due from banks and money market investments. For financial liabilities, these include demand, savings and money market deposits, and federal funds purchased and security repurchase agreements. The estimated fair value of demand, savings and money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. Carrying value is used because the accounts have no stated maturity and the customer has the ability to withdraw funds immediately. Also excluded from the summary are financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, as previously described.
HTM investment securities primarily consist of municipal securities. They were measured at fair value according to the methodologies previously discussed for these investment types.
Loans are measured at fair value according to their status as nonimpaired or impaired. For nonimpaired loans, fair value is estimated by discounting future cash flows using the LIBOR yield curve adjusted by a factor which reflects the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loan. These future cash flows are then reduced by the estimated “life of the loan” aggregate credit losses in the loan portfolio. These adjustments for lifetime future credit losses are derived from the methods used to estimate the ALLL for our loan portfolio and are adjusted quarterly as necessary to reflect the most recent loss experience. Impaired loans are already considered to be held at fair value, except those whose fair value is determined by discounting cash flows, as discussed previously. See Impaired Loans in Note 6 for details on the impairment measurement method for impaired loans. Loans, other than those held for sale, are not normally purchased and sold by the Company, and there are no active trading markets for most of this portfolio.
Time and foreign deposits, and any other short-term borrowings, are measured at fair value by discounting future cash flows using the LIBOR yield curve to the given maturity dates.

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Long-term debt is measured at fair value based on actual market trades (i.e., an asset value) when available, or discounting cash flows to maturity using the LIBOR yield curve adjusted for credit spreads.
These fair value disclosures represent our best estimates based on relevant market information and information about the financial instruments. Fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding current economic conditions, future expected loss experience, risk characteristics of the various instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment, and cannot be determined with precision. Changes in these methodologies and assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

11.
COMMITMENTS, GUARANTEES AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
Commitments and Guarantees
Contractual amounts of off-balance sheet financial instruments used to meet the financing needs of our customers are as follows:
(In thousands)
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
 
 
 
Net unfunded commitments to extend credit 1
$
16,969,127

 
$
16,658,757

Standby letters of credit:
 
 
 
Financial
701,945

 
745,895

Performance
204,949

 
183,482

Commercial letters of credit
77,874

 
32,144

Total unfunded lending commitments
$
17,953,895

 
$
17,620,278

1 
Net of participations
The Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K contains further information about these commitments and guarantees including their terms and collateral requirements. At September 30, 2015, the Company had recorded approximately $15.2 million as a liability for the guarantees associated with the standby letters of credit, which consisted of $12.0 million attributable to the RULC and $3.2 million of deferred commitment fees.
At September 30, 2015, the Parent has guaranteed $15 million of debt of affiliated trusts issuing trust preferred securities.
At September 30, 2015, we had unfunded commitments for private equity investments of approximately $48 million. These obligations have no stated maturity. Certain PEIs related to these commitments are prohibited by the Volcker Rule. See related discussions about these investments in Notes 5 and 10.
Legal Matters
We are subject to litigation in court and arbitral proceedings, as well as proceedings, investigations, examinations and other actions brought or considered by governmental and self-regulatory agencies. Litigation may relate to lending, deposit and other customer relationships, vendor and contractual issues, employee matters, intellectual property matters, personal injuries and torts, regulatory and legal compliance, and other matters. While most matters relate to individual claims, we are also subject to putative class action claims and similar broader claims. Proceedings, investigations, examinations and other actions brought or considered by governmental and self-regulatory agencies may relate to our banking, investment advisory, trust, securities, and other products and services; our customers’ involvement in money laundering, fraud, securities violations and other illicit activities or our policies and practices relating to such customer activities; and our compliance with the broad range of banking, securities and other laws and regulations applicable to us. At any given time, we may be in the process of responding to subpoenas, requests for documents, data and testimony relating to such matters and engaging in discussions to resolve the matters.

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As of September 30, 2015, we were subject to the following material litigation and governmental inquiries:
a class action case, Reyes v. Zions First National Bank, et. al., which was brought in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania in early 2010. This case relates to our banking relationships with customers that allegedly engaged in wrongful telemarketing practices. The plaintiff is seeking a trebled monetary award under the federal RICO Act. In the third quarter of 2013, the District Court denied the plaintiff’s motion for class certification in the Reyes case. The plaintiff appealed the District Court decision to the Third Circuit Court of Appeals. In the third quarter of 2015, the Third Circuit vacated the District Court’s decision denying class certification and remanded the matter to the District Court with instructions to reconsider the class certification determination in light of particular standards articulated by the Third Circuit in its opinion. The District Court judge has directed the parties to participate in a settlement conference with a federal magistrate judge in the fourth quarter of 2015.
a governmental inquiry into possible money laundering activities of a customer of one of our subsidiary banks and the anti-money laundering practices of that bank (conducted by the United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York). Our first contact with the United States Attorney’s Office relating to this matter occurred in early 2012. We are unclear about the status of this inquiry.
a governmental inquiry into the practices of our subsidiary, Zions Bank; our former subsidiary, NetDeposit, LLC; and possibly other of our affiliates relating primarily to payment processing for allegedly fraudulent telemarketers and other customer types (conducted by the Department of Justice). This inquiry has been directed towards the banking industry generally, including numerous banks unrelated to us, and has led to a number of enforcement actions. Our first contact with the Department of Justice relating to this matter occurred in early 2013. We are unclear about the status of the inquiry as it relates to us.
At least quarterly, we review outstanding and new legal matters, utilizing then available information. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, if we determine that a loss from a matter is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we establish an accrual for the loss. In the absence of such a determination, no accrual is made. Once established, accruals are adjusted to reflect developments relating to the matters.
In our review, we also assess whether we can determine the range of reasonably possible losses for significant matters in which we are unable to determine that the likelihood of a loss is remote. Because of the difficulty of predicting the outcome of legal matters, discussed subsequently, we are able to meaningfully estimate such a range only for a limited number of matters. Based on information available as of September 30, 2015, we estimated the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses for those matters to be from $0 million to roughly $50 million in excess of amounts accrued. The matters underlying the estimated range will change from time to time, and actual results may vary significantly from this estimate. Those matters for which an estimate is not possible are not included within this estimated range and, therefore, this estimated range does not represent our maximum loss exposure.
Based on our current knowledge, we believe that our current estimated liability for litigation and other legal actions and claims, reflected in our accruals and determined in accordance with applicable accounting guidance, is adequate and that liabilities in excess of the amounts currently accrued, if any, arising from litigation and other legal actions and claims for which an estimate as previously described is possible, will not have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. However, in light of the significant uncertainties involved in these matters, and the very large or indeterminate damages sought in some of these matters, an adverse outcome in one or more of these matters could be material to our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows for any given reporting period.
Any estimate or determination relating to the future resolution of litigation, arbitration, governmental or self-regulatory examinations, investigations or actions or similar matters is inherently uncertain and involves significant judgment. This is particularly true in the early stages of a legal matter, when legal issues and facts have not been well articulated, reviewed, analyzed, and vetted through discovery, preparation for trial or hearings, substantive and productive mediation or settlement discussions, or other actions. It is also particularly true with respect to class

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action and similar claims involving multiple defendants, matters with complex procedural requirements or substantive issues or novel legal theories, and examinations, investigations and other actions conducted or brought by governmental and self-regulatory agencies, in which the normal adjudicative process is not applicable. Accordingly, we usually are unable to determine whether a favorable or unfavorable outcome is remote, reasonably likely, or probable, or to estimate the amount or range of a probable or reasonably likely loss, until relatively late in the course of a legal matter, sometimes not until a number of years have elapsed. Accordingly, our judgments and estimates relating to claims will change from time to time in light of developments and actual outcomes will differ from our estimates. These differences may be material.

12.
RETIREMENT PLANS
The following discloses the net periodic benefit cost (credit) and its components for the Company’s pension and postretirement plans:
 
 
Pension benefits
 
Supplemental
retirement
benefits
 
Postretirement
benefits
 
Pension benefits
 
Supplemental
retirement
benefits
 
Postretirement
benefits
(In thousands)
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
 
$


$

 
$

 
$

 
$
8

 
$
8

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
25

 
$
23

Interest cost
 
1,755


1,869

 
101


113

 
10

 
12

 
5,320

 
5,608

 
302

 
340

 
30

 
35

Expected return on plan assets
 
(3,090
)

(3,326
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(9,270
)
 
(9,979
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of prior service cost
 
 
 
 
 


13

 

 

 
 
 
 
 

 
38

 

 

Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss
 
1,297


735

 
31


5

 
(13
)
 
(18
)
 
4,445

 
2,206

 
92

 
14

 
(40
)
 
(53
)
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)
 
$
(38
)
 
$
(722
)
 
$
132

 
$
131

 
$
5

 
$
2

 
$
495

 
$
(2,165
)
 
$
394

 
$
392

 
$
15

 
$
5

As disclosed in the Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Company has frozen its participation and benefit accruals for the pension plan and its contributions for individual benefit payments in the postretirement benefit plan.

13.
OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION
We manage our operations and prepare management reports and other information with a primary focus on geographical area. As of September 30, 2015, we operate seven community/regional banks in distinct geographical areas. Performance assessment and resource allocation are based upon this geographical structure. Zions Bank operates 99 branches in Utah, 24 branches in Idaho, and one branch in Wyoming. Amegy operates 77 branches in Texas. CB&T operates 94 branches in California. NBAZ operates 66 branches in Arizona. NSB operates 49 branches in Nevada. Vectra operates 36 branches in Colorado and one branch in New Mexico. TCBW operates one branch in Washington and one branch in Oregon. Effective April 1, 2015, TCBO was merged into TCBW. Note 1 discusses the approval to merge the Company’s seven subsidiary banks into Zions Bank following the close of business on December 31, 2015. This consolidation will affect the presentation of segment reporting, although certain geographical information will continue.
The operating segment identified as “Other” includes the Parent, Zions Management Services Company (“ZMSC”), certain nonbank financial service subsidiaries, and eliminations of transactions between segments. The Parent’s operations are significant to the Other segment. Net interest income is substantially affected by the Parent’s interest on long-term debt. ZMSC provides internal technology and operational services to affiliated operating businesses of the Company. ZMSC charges most of its costs to the affiliates on an approximate break-even basis.
The accounting policies of the individual operating segments are the same as those of the Company. Transactions between operating segments are primarily conducted at fair value, resulting in profits that are eliminated for reporting consolidated results of operations. Operating segments pay for centrally provided services based upon estimated or actual usage of those services.

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The following schedule presents selected operating segment information for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014:
(In millions)
Zions Bank
 
Amegy
 
CB&T
 
NBAZ
 
NSB
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONDENSED INCOME STATEMENT
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income
$
145.9

 
$
146.7

 
$
99.9

 
$
95.8

 
$
95.0

 
$
98.9

 
$
40.4

 
$
40.3

 
$
27.6

 
$
28.4

Provision for loan losses
(5.7
)
 
(27.7
)
 
31.8

 
(3.5
)
 
1.1

 
(10.1
)
 
(2.4
)
 
(4.5
)
 
(3.7
)
 
(4.9
)
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
151.6

 
174.4

 
68.1

 
99.3

 
93.9

 
109.0

 
42.8

 
44.8

 
31.3

 
33.3

Noninterest income
50.4

 
44.8

 
33.4

 
39.4

 
18.6

 
17.5

 
9.9

 
9.6

 
9.4

 
9.6

Noninterest expense
128.8

 
123.4

 
90.2

 
79.1

 
70.6

 
77.1

 
35.8

 
33.2

 
32.3

 
31.8

Income before income taxes
73.2

 
95.8

 
11.3

 
59.6

 
41.9

 
49.4

 
16.9

 
21.2

 
8.4

 
11.1

Income taxes (benefit)
26.4

 
35.4

 
3.5

 
20.4

 
16.4

 
19.1

 
2.6

 
7.9

 
2.8

 
3.7

Net income (loss)
46.8

 
60.4

 
7.8

 
39.2

 
25.5

 
30.3

 
14.3

 
13.3

 
5.6

 
7.4

Net income (loss) applicable to noncontrolling interests
0.6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) applicable to controlling interest
$
46.2

 
$
60.4

 
$
7.8

 
$
39.2

 
$
25.5

 
$
30.3

 
$
14.3

 
$
13.3

 
$
5.6

 
$
7.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
18,437

 
$
18,083

 
$
13,901

 
$
13,861

 
$
11,846

 
$
11,252

 
$
5,018

 
$
4,710

 
$
4,354

 
$
4,074

Cash and due from banks
241

 
322

 
101

 
172

 
88

 
134

 
43

 
70

 
70

 
94

Money market investments
2,064

 
3,083

 
2,230

 
2,555

 
1,944

 
1,577

 
441

 
401

 
961

 
741

Total securities
3,211

 
1,814

 
319

 
266

 
538

 
258

 
535

 
380

 
864

 
799

Total loans
12,200

 
12,312

 
10,078

 
9,721

 
8,532

 
8,520

 
3,799

 
3,660

 
2,321

 
2,318

Total deposits
15,944

 
15,827

 
11,411

 
11,382

 
10,181

 
9,592

 
4,360

 
4,081

 
3,951

 
3,670

Shareholder’s equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred equity
280

 
280

 
226

 
226

 
162

 
162

 
85

 
85

 
50

 
50

Common equity
1,689

 
1,578

 
1,967

 
1,903

 
1,415

 
1,386

 
500

 
465

 
326

 
330

Noncontrolling interests
17

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total shareholder’s equity
1,986

 
1,858

 
2,193

 
2,129

 
1,577

 
1,548

 
585

 
550

 
376

 
380

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vectra
 
TCBW
 
Other
 
Consolidated
Company
 
 
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONDENSED INCOME STATEMENT
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income
$
25.5

 
$
25.4


$
7.5

 
$
8.3

 
$
(16.4
)
 
$
(27.1
)
 
$
425.4

 
$
416.7

 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
(1.6
)
 
(3.2
)

(1.2
)
 
(0.7
)
 

 
(0.1
)
 
18.3

 
(54.7
)
 
 
 
 
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
27.1

 
28.6

 
8.7

 
9.0

 
(16.4
)
 
(27.0
)
 
407.1

 
471.4

 
 
 
 
Noninterest income
5.8

 
6.0

 
1.1

 
1.1

 
2.2

 
(12.0
)
 
130.8

 
116.0

 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
24.7

 
24.2

 
5.3

 
5.7

 
8.4

 
64.0

 
396.1

 
438.5

 
 
 
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
8.2

 
10.4

 
4.5

 
4.4

 
(22.6
)
 
(103.0
)
 
141.8

 
148.9

 
 
 
 
Income taxes (benefit)
2.7

 
3.6

 
1.5

 
1.5

 
(15.1
)
 
(38.5
)
 
40.8

 
53.1

 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
5.5

 
6.8

 
3.0

 
2.9

 
(7.5
)
 
(64.5
)
 
101.0

 
95.8

 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) applicable to noncontrolling interests

 

 

 

 
(0.6
)
 

 

 

 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) applicable to controlling interest
$
5.5

 
$
6.8

 
$
3.0

 
$
2.9

 
$
(6.9
)
 
$
(64.5
)
 
$
101.0

 
$
95.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
3,246

 
$
2,751

 
$
1,058

 
$
977

 
$
546

 
$
420

 
$
58,406

 
$
56,128

 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
26

 
41

 
29

 
34

 
(14
)
 
(9
)
 
584

 
858

 
 
 
 
Money market investments
514

 
174

 
227

 
140

 
395

 
(178
)
 
8,776

 
8,493

 
 
 
 
Total securities
247

 
152

 
86

 
78

 
56

 
300

 
5,856

 
4,047

 
 
 
 
Total loans
2,397

 
2,319

 
702

 
712

 
(4
)
 
5

 
40,025

 
39,567

 
 
 
 
Total deposits
2,834

 
2,339

 
906

 
827

 
(668
)
 
(1,427
)
 
48,919

 
46,291

 
 
 
 
Shareholder’s equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred equity
25

 
26

 
3

 
3

 
173

 
172

 
1,004

 
1,004

 
 
 
 
Common equity
324

 
307

 
111

 
107

 
324

 
145

 
6,656

 
6,221

 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests

 

 

 

 
(17
)
 

 

 

 
 
 
 
Total shareholder’s equity
349

 
333

 
114

 
110

 
480

 
317

 
7,660

 
7,225

 
 
 
 

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The following schedule presents selected operating segment information for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014:
(In millions)
Zions Bank
 
Amegy
 
CB&T
 
NBAZ
 
NSB
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONDENSED INCOME STATEMENT
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income
$
431.2

 
$
434.8

 
$
291.6

 
$
285.9

 
$
289.4

 
$
311.8

 
$
119.7

 
$
120.9

 
$
83.9

 
$
84.6

Provision for loan losses
(18.7
)
 
(51.8
)
 
56.9

 
5.9

 
(6.5
)
 
(25.1
)
 
1.0

 
(15.5
)
 
(15.4
)
 
(13.2
)
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
449.9

 
486.6

 
234.7

 
280.0

 
295.9

 
336.9

 
118.7

 
136.4

 
99.3

 
97.8

Noninterest income 1
90.6

 
139.0

 
101.2

 
107.7

 
56.5

 
37.1

 
29.2

 
26.2

 
26.8

 
23.4

Noninterest expense
385.5

 
366.0

 
280.9

 
258.6

 
224.4

 
244.8

 
109.5

 
109.4

 
98.0

 
97.9

Income before income taxes
155.0

 
259.6

 
55.0

 
129.1

 
128.0

 
129.2

 
38.4

 
53.2

 
28.1

 
23.3

Income taxes (benefit)
54.4

 
95.4

 
17.2

 
43.6

 
50.0

 
50.2

 
10.0

 
19.7

 
9.4

 
7.7

Net income (loss)
100.6

 
164.2

 
37.8

 
85.5

 
78.0

 
79.0

 
28.4

 
33.5

 
18.7

 
15.6

Net income (loss) applicable to noncontrolling interests
2.0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) applicable to controlling interest
$
98.6

 
$
164.2

 
$
37.8

 
$
85.5

 
$
78.0

 
$
79.0

 
$
28.4

 
$
33.5

 
$
18.7

 
$
15.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
18,628

 
$
17,983

 
$
13,846

 
$
13,650

 
$
11,578

 
$
11,063

 
$
4,929

 
$
4,673

 
$
4,277

 
$
4,046

Cash and due from banks
263

 
332

 
127

 
235

 
88

 
152

 
45

 
72

 
72

 
88

Money market investments
2,664

 
3,101

 
2,086

 
2,498

 
1,794

 
1,321

 
413

 
368

 
861

 
735

Total securities
2,827

 
1,720

 
295

 
256

 
434

 
274

 
466

 
372

 
854

 
789

Total loans
12,184

 
12,292

 
10,170

 
9,550

 
8,502

 
8,571

 
3,803

 
3,668

 
2,354

 
2,314

Total deposits
16,186

 
15,709

 
11,362

 
11,217

 
9,917

 
9,421

 
4,277

 
4,016

 
3,870

 
3,648

Shareholder’s equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred equity
280

 
280

 
226

 
202

 
162

 
162

 
85

 
101

 
50

 
50

Common equity
1,654

 
1,556

 
1,953

 
1,875

 
1,405

 
1,368

 
492

 
447

 
330

 
324

Noncontrolling interests
13

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total shareholder’s equity
1,947

 
1,836

 
2,179

 
2,077

 
1,567

 
1,530

 
577

 
548

 
380

 
374

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vectra
 
TCBW
 
Other
 
Consolidated
Company
 
 
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONDENSED INCOME STATEMENT
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income
$
77.6

 
$
76.1

 
$
22.6

 
$
24.0

 
$
(49.6
)
 
$
(88.6
)
 
$
1,266.4

 
$
1,249.5

 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
1.9

 
(9.5
)
 
(1.8
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
17.3

 
(109.7
)
 
 
 
 
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
75.7

 
85.6

 
24.4

 
24.4

 
(49.5
)
 
(88.5
)
 
1,249.1

 
1,359.2

 

 

Noninterest income 1
15.6

 
15.7

 
3.3

 
1.4

 
(70.1
)
 
28.7

 
253.1

 
379.2

 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense
73.0

 
73.2

 
11.6

 
17.1

 
14.8

 
75.6

 
1,197.7

 
1,242.6

 
 
 
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
18.3

 
28.1

 
16.1

 
8.7

 
(134.4
)
 
(135.4
)
 
304.5

 
495.8

 
 
 
 
Income taxes (benefit)
5.8

 
9.7

 
5.5

 
3.0

 
(54.8
)
 
(50.1
)
 
97.5

 
179.2

 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
12.5

 
18.4

 
10.6

 
5.7

 
(79.6
)
 
(85.3
)
 
207.0

 
316.6

 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) applicable to noncontrolling interests

 

 

 

 
(2.0
)
 

 

 

 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) applicable to controlling interest
$
12.5

 
$
18.4

 
$
10.6

 
$
5.7

 
$
(77.6
)
 
$
(85.3
)
 
$
207.0

 
$
316.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET DATA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
3,154

 
$
2,639

 
$
1,007

 
$
957

 
$
154

 
$
524

 
$
57,573

 
$
55,535

 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
28

 
45

 
33

 
28

 
(17
)
 
(14
)
 
639

 
938

 
 
 
 
Money market investments
459

 
70

 
166

 
122

 
(39
)
 
(168
)
 
8,404

 
8,047

 
 
 
 
Total securities
221

 
158

 
82

 
84

 
120

 
409

 
5,299

 
4,062

 
 
 
 
Total loans
2,385

 
2,305

 
712

 
710

 
1

 
4

 
40,111

 
39,414

 
 
 
 
Total deposits
2,745

 
2,231

 
863

 
809

 
(1,039
)
 
(1,205
)
 
48,181

 
45,846

 
 
 
 
Shareholder’s equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred equity
25

 
46

 
3

 
3

 
173

 
160

 
1,004

 
1,004

 
 
 
 
Common equity
320

 
279

 
107

 
105

 
258

 
(98
)
 
6,519

 
5,856

 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests

 

 

 

 
(13
)
 

 

 

 
 
 
 
Total shareholder’s equity
345

 
325

 
110

 
108

 
418

 
62

 
7,523

 
6,860

 
 
 
 
1 
Includes loss on sale of CDOs in the second quarter of 2015 of (in millions) $62.5 (Zions Bank), $0.6 (NSB), $0.6 (Vectra) and $73.1 (Other).

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ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are based on other than historical data are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements provide current expectations or forecasts of future events and include, among others:
statements with respect to the beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, guidelines, expectations, anticipations, and future financial condition, results of operations and performance of Zions Bancorporation (“the Parent”) and its subsidiaries (collectively “the Company,” “Zions,” “we,” “our,” “us”); and
statements preceded by, followed by, or that include the words “may,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “target,” “projects,” or similar expressions.
These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, nor should they be relied upon as representing management’s views as of any subsequent date. Forward-looking statements involve significant risks and uncertainties and actual results may differ materially from those presented, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, those presented in Management’s Discussion and Analysis. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to:
the Company’s ability to successfully execute its business plans, manage its risks, and achieve its objectives, including its restructuring and efficiency initiatives and its tender offer for certain of its preferred stock;
changes in local, national and international political and economic conditions, including without limitation the political and economic effects of the recent economic crisis, delay of recovery from that crisis, economic and fiscal imbalances in the United States and other countries, potential or actual downgrades in ratings of sovereign debt issued by the United States and other countries, and other major developments, including wars, military actions, and terrorist attacks;
changes in financial and commodity market prices and conditions, either internationally, nationally or locally in areas in which the Company conducts its operations, including without limitation reduced rates of business formation and growth, commercial and residential real estate development and real estate prices, and energy-related commodity prices, including the actual amount and duration of declines in the price of oil and gas;
changes in markets for debt, equity, and securities, including availability, market liquidity levels, and pricing;
changes in interest rates, the quality and composition of the loan and securities portfolios, demand for loan products, deposit flows and competition;
acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses;
increases in the levels of losses, customer bankruptcies, bank failures, claims, and assessments;
changes in fiscal, monetary, regulatory, trade and tax policies and laws, and regulatory assessments and fees, including policies of the U.S. Department of Treasury, the OCC, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Board System, the FDIC, the SEC, and the CFPB; 
the impact of executive compensation rules under the Dodd-Frank Act and banking regulations which may impact the ability of the Company and other American financial institutions to retain and recruit executives and other personnel necessary for their businesses and competitiveness;
the impact of the Dodd-Frank Act and Basel III, and rules and regulations thereunder, on our required regulatory capital and liquidity levels, governmental assessments on us (including, but not limited to, the Federal Reserve reviews of our annual capital plan), the scope of business activities in which we may engage, the manner in which we engage in such activities, the fees we may charge for certain products and services, and other matters affected by the Dodd-Frank Act and these international standards;
continuing consolidation in the financial services industry;
new legal claims against the Company, including litigation, arbitration and proceedings brought by governmental or self-regulatory agencies, or changes in existing legal matters;
success in gaining regulatory approvals, when required;

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changes in consumer spending and savings habits;
increased competitive challenges and expanding product and pricing pressures among financial institutions;
inflation and deflation;
technological changes and the Company’s implementation of new technologies;
the Company’s ability to develop and maintain secure and reliable information technology systems;
legislation or regulatory changes which adversely affect the Company’s operations or business;
the Company’s ability to comply with applicable laws and regulations;
changes in accounting policies or procedures as may be required by the FASB or regulatory agencies; and
costs of deposit insurance and changes with respect to FDIC insurance coverage levels.
Except to the extent required by law, the Company specifically disclaims any obligation to update any factors or to publicly announce the result of revisions to any of the forward-looking statements included herein to reflect future events or developments.
GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS
ACL
Allowance for Credit Losses
EVE
Economic Value of Equity at Risk
AFS
Available-for-Sale
FAMC
Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation, or “Farmer Mac”
ALCO
Asset/Liability Committee
FASB
Financial Accounting Standards Board
ALLL
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
FDIC
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Amegy
Amegy Corporation
FHLB
Federal Home Loan Bank
AOCI
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
FHLMC
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, or “Freddie Mac”
ASC
Accounting Standards Codification
FNMA
Federal National Mortgage Association, or “Fannie Mae”
ASU
Accounting Standards Update
FRB
Federal Reserve Board
ATM
Automated Teller Machine
GAAP
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
BOLI
Bank-Owned Life Insurance
GNMA
Government National Mortgage Association, or “Ginnie Mae”
bps
basis points
HECL
Home Equity Credit Line
CB&T
California Bank & Trust
HQLA
High Quality Liquid Assets
CCAC
Corporate Credit Administration Committee
HTM
Held-to-Maturity
CCAR
Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review
IFRS
International Financial Reporting Standards
CDO
Collateralized Debt Obligation
ISDA
International Swap and Derivative Association
CET1
Common Equity Tier 1 (Basel III)
LCR
Liquidity Coverage Ratio
CFPB
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
LGD
Loss Given Default
CLTV
Combined Loan-to-Value Ratio
LIBOR
London Interbank Offered Rate
COSO
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations
of the Treadway Commission
LIHTC
Low-Income Housing Tax Credit
CRE
Commercial Real Estate
MD&A
Management’s Discussion and Analysis
CSA
Credit Support Annex
NAV
Net Asset Value
CSV
Cash Surrender Value
NBAZ
National Bank of Arizona
DBRS
Dominion Bond Rating Service
NSFR
Net Stable Funding Ratio
DFAST
Dodd-Frank Act Stress Test
NSB
Nevada State Bank
Dodd-Frank Act
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
NYMEX
New York Mercantile Exchange
DTA
Deferred Tax Asset
OCC
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
EITF
Emerging Issues Task Force
OCI
Other Comprehensive Income
ERM
Enterprise Risk Management
OREO
Other Real Estate Owned
ERMC
Enterprise Risk Management Committee
OTC
Over-the-Counter

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OTTI
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
SVC
Securitization Valuation Committee
Parent
Zions Bancorporation
T1C
Tier 1 Common (Basel I)
PCI
Purchase Credit-Impaired
TCBO
The Commerce Bank of Oregon
PD
Probability of Default
TCBW
The Commerce Bank of Washington
PEIs
Private Equity Investments
TDR
Troubled Debt Restructuring
REIT
Real Estate Investment Trust
Vectra
Vectra Bank Colorado
ROC
Risk Oversight Committee
VIE
Variable Interest Entity
RULC
Reserve for Unfunded Lending Commitments
VR
Volcker Rule
SBA
Small Business Administration
Zions Bank
Zions First National Bank
SBIC
Small Business Investment Company
ZMFU
Zions Municipal Funding
SEC
Securities and Exchange Commission
ZMSC
Zions Management Services Company
SNC
Shared National Credit
 
 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND SIGNIFICANT ESTIMATES
The Company has made no significant changes in its critical accounting policies and significant estimates from those disclosed in its 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Executive Summary
Net earnings applicable to common shareholders for the third quarter of 2015 were $84.2 million, or $0.41 per diluted common share, compared to a net loss applicable to common shareholders of $(1.1) million, or $(0.01) per diluted common share, for the second quarter of 2015 and net income of $79.1 million, or $0.40 per diluted common share for the third quarter of 2014. The Company’s second quarter results included a $137 million loss, or $0.42 per diluted share, from the sale of remaining collateralized debt obligation (“CDO”) securities. Excluding this loss, net earnings applicable to common shareholders was $83.4 million, or $0.41 per diluted common share, for the second quarter of 2015.
Highlights from the third quarter include:
Total noninterest expense was $396 million during the third quarter and $1,198 million year-to-date, compared to $404 million and $802 million last quarter, and $439 million and $1,243 million during the third quarter of 2014. As previously committed, the Company is on track to achieve 50% of its gross $120 million expense reduction by the end of 2015 and to hold adjusted noninterest expense below $1.6 billion in 2015.

The efficiency ratio improved to 69.5% during the third quarter, compared to 71.4% during the second quarter, and 73.0% for the third quarter of 2014, reflecting progress towards the Company’s commitment to have this ratio be at or less than 70% for the second half of 2015.

The credit quality of the Company’s overall loan portfolio remained strong, with moderate deterioration in energy loans as explained subsequently. When compared to the prior quarter’s level, classified loans increased 2%, nonperforming assets declined 4%, and net charge-offs excluding energy loans were stable. Compared to the same prior year period, classified loans and nonperforming assets each increased 11%.

Energy loan net charge-offs were $17 million during the third quarter; there were no energy loan net charge-offs during the second quarter. The Company increased the allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) on its energy portfolio in part due to the decline in energy prices during the third quarter. This contributed to an increased provision for loan losses of $18.3 million during the third quarter, compared to $0.6 million during the second quarter. The overall performance of the energy loan portfolio has been substantially consistent with the Company’s initial communications in late 2014, which concluded that some deterioration was expected from

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declining energy prices; however, we expect disciplined underwriting and strong reserves will keep the impact relatively modest to net charge-offs and overall profitability.

Net interest income increased slightly from the prior quarter while the net interest margin declined to 3.11% from 3.18%, primarily driven by an increased concentration of cash and securities and a decline in the yield of the loan portfolio attributable primarily to the waning benefit from loans purchased from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) in 2009. Net interest income increased in the third quarter by $8.6 million, or 2%, compared to the same prior year period primarily as a result of the extinguishment of certain long-term debt.

Loans held for investment increased $89 million during the third quarter. Excluding the effect of attrition in energy-related loans and the National Real Estate portfolio, loans increased $285 million during the third quarter, compared to a $259 million increase during the second quarter calculated on the same basis. Loans held for investment increased $374 million during the third quarter compared to the same prior year period primarily from increased construction and land development and commercial and industrial loans.
Efficiency Initiatives
During the second quarter of 2015, we announced a corporate restructuring in conjunction with several expense and revenue initiatives that are expected to substantially improve our profitability metrics, including:
consolidate bank charters from seven to one while maintaining local leadership, local product pricing, and local brands;
create a chief banking officer position, with responsibility for retail banking, wealth management, and residential mortgage lending;
consolidate risk functions, while emphasizing local credit decision-making;
consolidate various non-customer facing operations; and
continue to invest in building best-in-class technology.
We have received approvals from the OCC and the FDIC and expect to complete the mergers following the close of business on December 31, 2015. We will continue to emphasize our locally-oriented leadership structure and the power of our strong local brands in each market we serve. The consolidation of our bank charters will facilitate a simpler and more responsive operating environment and the realization of efficiencies more quickly and in greater measure than is possible under the status quo.
These changes are designed to improve the customer experience (e.g., faster turnaround times), simplify the corporate structure and how we do business, and drive substantial positive operating leverage. The increase in operating leverage is expected to come through increased revenue from growth in loans, deployment of cash to mortgage-backed securities, increased use of interest rate swaps, and improvement in core fee income.
Once implemented, these changes should ultimately produce better revenue and expense trajectories. The following are the targeted financial performance outcomes of these organizational changes, and associated operational and technological initiatives with some brief comments regarding current performance against these measures:
Achieve an efficiency ratio in the low 60s by fiscal year 2017, driven by expense and revenue initiatives detailed below; the announced target assumes a slight increase in interest rates. We also have intermediate goals of an efficiency ratio less than or equal to 70% in the second half of 2015 and less than or equal to 66% in 2016. The efficiency ratio improved to 69.5% during the third quarter, compared to 71.4% during the second quarter. See “GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations” on page 90 for more information regarding the calculation of the efficiency ratio.
Increase returns on tangible common equity over the long term to double digit levels. For the third quarter, the tangible return on average tangible common equity was 6.05%, compared to 0.03% for the second quarter (decreased due to the loss from sales of CDO securities), and 6.19% for the third quarter of 2014.

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Maintain noninterest expense below $1.6 billion in 2015 and 2016, and increasing somewhat in 2017; this target excludes those same expense items excluded in arriving at the efficiency ratio (see “GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations” on page 90 for more information regarding the calculation of the efficiency ratio). We are encouraged with the achievement of noninterest expenses at or below the $400 million level for the third quarter. We are working to realize the remainder of the gross cost savings for 2015 and to keep noninterest expense below $1.6 billion in 2016 as well.
Achieve gross pretax cost savings of $120 million annually from operational expense initiatives by fiscal year 2017, which include overhauling technology, consolidating legal charters, and improving operating efficiency across the Company. We are on track to achieve half of the targeted cost reductions by year-end.

Net Interest Income, Margin and Interest Rate Spreads
Net interest income is the difference between interest earned on interest-earning assets and interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities; net interest income is the largest portion of our revenue. For the third quarter of 2015, taxable-equivalent net interest income was $429.8 million, compared to $428.0 million for the second quarter of 2015, and $420.9 million for the third quarter of 2014.

Net interest margin in 2015 vs. 2014
The net interest margin was 3.11% and 3.20% for the third quarter of 2015 and 2014, respectively, and 3.18% for the second quarter of 2015. The decreased net interest margin for the third quarter of 2015, compared to the same prior year period, resulted primarily from lower yields on loans held for investment and an increased concentration of available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities.

Even though our average loan portfolio was $458 million higher during the third quarter of 2015, compared to the third quarter of 2014, the average interest rate earned on those assets was 4.18%, which is 15 bps lower than the comparable prior year period. This decline in interest income was primarily caused by reduced interest income on loans purchased from the FDIC in 2009, as those acquired portfolios were successfully managed down, and new loans being originated at lower yields than those that are prepaying and maturing.

The average balance of AFS securities for the third quarter of 2015 increased by $1.9 billion, or 55.3%, while the average yield was 25 bps lower compared to the same prior year period. The decline in the average yield and the changes in the average balance are a result of changes in the composition of the AFS portfolio and the yields of the securities sold and purchased. Beginning in the second half of 2014, to improve the yield of the securities portfolio while maintaining holdings of high quality liquid assets (“HQLA”) securities, we started purchasing U.S. agency pass-through securities. These increases were partially offset by CDO sales and paydowns.

Average noninterest-bearing demand deposits provided us with low cost funding and comprised 44.1% of average total deposits for the third quarter of 2015, compared to 43.1% for third quarter of 2014. Average interest-bearing deposits increased by 3.8% in the third quarter of 2015, compared to the same prior year period, while the average rate paid declined by 1 bp to 18 bps.

The average balance of long-term debt was $844 million lower for the third quarter of 2015 compared to the same prior year period. The reduced balance was a result of tender offers, early calls, and maturities, including $835 million during the third quarter of 2014. The average interest rate paid on long-term debt for the third quarter of 2015 increased by 43 bps compared to the same prior year period. This is due to the remaining average balance of long-term debt being at a higher interest rate than the debt that was redeemed during the past year. Some of the higher cost long-term debt matured in the latter part of the third quarter and more will mature in the fourth quarter. On September 15, 2015, approximately $109 million carrying value of 6.0% subordinated and convertible subordinated notes matured. The total effective cost of this debt was approximately 17% during 2015; the higher effective cost was due to the amortization of debt discount. On November 16, 2015, approximately $124 million par amount of similar 5.5% notes that currently have an effective cost of approximately 14% will mature. We continue

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to look for opportunities to manage down the cost of funds. Refer to the “Liquidity Risk Management” section beginning on page 84 for more information.

During the third quarter of 2015, most of our cash in excess of that needed to fund other interest-earning assets was invested in money market assets, primarily deposits with the Federal Reserve Bank. Average money market investments were 16.0% of total interest-earning assets, compared to 16.3% in the same prior year period.

See “Interest Rate and Market Risk Management” on page 80 for further discussion of how we manage the portfolios of interest-earning assets, interest-bearing liabilities, and the associated risk.

The spread on average interest-bearing funds was 2.91% and 2.92% for the third quarters of 2015 and 2014, respectively. The rate on interest-earning assets in the third quarter of 2015 of 3.34% was 19 bps lower than that in the same prior year period, and the cost on interest-bearing liabilities declined by 18 bps during the same comparable periods.

We expect the mix of interest-earning assets to continue to change over the next several quarters due to slight-to-moderate loan growth in the commercial and industrial portfolios, accompanied by somewhat less growth in commercial real estate loans. In addition, as discussed below, we are incrementally investing in short-to-medium duration U.S. agency pass-through securities that qualify as HQLA; over time we expect these investments to reduce the proportion of earning assets in money market investments, and increase the proportion of AFS securities. Average yields on the loan portfolio may continue to experience modest downward pressure due to competitive pricing, lower benchmark indices (such as LIBOR), and growth in lower-yielding residential mortgages; however, we expect this pressure to be somewhat less compared to the prior two years. We believe that some of the downward pressure on the net interest margin will be mitigated by lower interest expense on reduced levels of long-term debt due to maturities that occurred late in the third quarter of 2015 and will occur in the fourth quarter. We also believe we can offset some of the pressure on the net interest margin through loan growth, purchases of AFS securities, and employment of interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges.

We expect to remain “asset-sensitive” (which refers to net interest income increasing as a result of a rising interest rate environment) with regard to interest rate risk. In response to new liquidity and liquidity stress-testing regulations, which elevate, relative to historic levels, the proportion of HQLA we will be required to hold, we decided in the second half of 2014 to begin deploying cash into short-to-medium duration U.S. agency pass-through securities. In the third quarter of 2015, we purchased HQLA securities of $1.6 billion at amortized cost, increasing HQLA securities by $1.4 billion after paydowns and payoffs during the quarter, and we are continuing these purchases. Over time these purchases are expected to somewhat reduce our asset sensitivity compared to previous periods. Our estimates of the Company’s actual interest rate risk position are highly dependent upon a number of assumptions regarding the repricing behavior of various deposit and loan types in response to changes in both short-term and long-term interest rates, balance sheet composition, and other modeling assumptions, as well as the actions of competitors and customers in response to those changes. In addition, our modeled projections for noninterest-bearing demand deposits, a substantial portion of our deposit balances are particularly reliant on assumptions for which there is little historical experience due to the prolonged period of very low interest rates. Further detail on interest rate risk is discussed in “Interest Rate Risk” on page 80.


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The following schedule summarizes the average balances, the amount of interest earned or incurred, and the applicable yields for interest-earning assets and the costs of interest-bearing liabilities that generate taxable-equivalent net interest income.

CONSOLIDATED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEETS, YIELDS AND RATES
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2015
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Average
balance
 
Amount of
interest 1
 
Average
yield/rate
 
Average
balance
 
Amount of
interest 1
 
Average
yield/rate
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market investments
$
8,775,823

 
$
6,018

 
0.27
%
 
$
8,492,772

 
$
5,483

 
0.26
%
Securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
553,615

 
7,075

 
5.07
%
 
612,244

 
7,912

 
5.13
%
Available-for-sale
5,254,986

 
24,502

 
1.85
%
 
3,383,618

 
17,937

 
2.10
%
Trading account
47,235

 
445

 
3.74
%
 
50,970

 
403

 
3.14
%
Total securities
5,855,836

 
32,022

 
2.17
%
 
4,046,832

 
26,252

 
2.57
%
Loans held for sale
131,113

 
1,222

 
3.70
%
 
124,347

 
1,179

 
3.76
%
Loans and leases 2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
21,289,641

 
222,478

 
4.15
%
 
21,125,766

 
232,290

 
4.36
%
Commercial real estate
10,170,539

 
114,695

 
4.47
%
 
10,378,969

 
117,290

 
4.48
%
Consumer
8,565,075

 
84,200

 
3.90
%
 
8,062,690

 
81,813

 
4.03
%
Total loans and leases
40,025,255

 
421,373

 
4.18
%
 
39,567,425

 
431,393

 
4.33
%
Total interest-earning assets
54,788,027

 
460,635

 
3.34
%
 
52,231,376

 
464,307

 
3.53
%
Cash and due from banks
583,936

 
 
 
 
 
858,179

 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
(602,677
)
 
 
 
 
 
(674,590
)
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
1,014,129

 
 
 
 
 
1,014,129

 
 
 
 
Core deposit and other intangibles
19,726

 
 
 
 
 
29,535

 
 
 
 
Other assets
2,602,639

 
 
 
 
 
2,669,260

 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
58,405,780

 
 
 
 
 
$
56,127,889

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing deposits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Savings and money market
$
24,676,897

 
9,895

 
0.16
%
 
$
23,637,158

 
9,404

 
0.16
%
Time
2,242,064

 
2,445

 
0.43
%
 
2,466,552

 
2,809

 
0.45
%
Foreign
441,670

 
202

 
0.18
%
 
254,549

 
100

 
0.16
%
Total interest-bearing deposits
27,360,631

 
12,542

 
0.18
%
 
26,358,259


12,313

 
0.19
%
Borrowed funds:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings
211,322

 
76

 
0.14
%
 
176,383

 
52

 
0.12
%
Long-term debt
1,033,818

 
18,235

 
7.00
%
 
1,878,247

 
31,092

 
6.57
%
Total borrowed funds
1,245,140

 
18,311

 
5.83
%
 
2,054,630

 
31,144

 
6.01
%
Total interest-bearing liabilities
28,605,771

 
30,853

 
0.43
%
 
28,412,889

 
43,457

 
0.61
%
Noninterest-bearing deposits
21,558,557

 
 
 
 
 
19,933,228

 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
581,880

 
 
 
 
 
556,416

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities
50,746,208

 
 
 
 
 
48,902,533

 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred equity
1,004,059

 
 
 
 
 
1,004,012

 
 
 
 
Common equity
6,655,513

 
 
 
 
 
6,221,344

 
 
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity
7,659,572

 
 
 
 
 
7,225,356

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
$
58,405,780

 
 
 
 
 
$
56,127,889

 
 
 
 
Spread on average interest-bearing funds
 
 
 
 
2.91
%
 
 
 
 
 
2.92
%
Taxable-equivalent net interest income and net yield on interest-earning assets
 
 
$
429,782

 
3.11
%
 
 
 
$
420,850

 
3.20
%

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Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2015
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2014
(In thousands)
Average
balance
 
Amount of
interest 1
 
Average
yield/rate
 
Average
balance
 
Amount of
interest 1
 
Average
yield/rate
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market investments
$
8,404,053

 
$
17,021

 
0.27
%
 
$
8,046,760

 
$
15,501

 
0.26
%
Securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
589,673

 
22,431

 
5.09
%
 
600,127

 
24,143

 
5.38
%
Available-for-sale
4,644,554

 
67,981

 
1.96
%
 
3,403,117

 
56,913

 
2.24
%
Trading account
64,534

 
1,653

 
3.42
%
 
58,786

 
1,451

 
3.30
%
Total securities
5,298,761

 
92,065

 
2.32
%
 
4,062,030

 
82,507

 
2.72
%
Loans held for sale
117,351

 
3,138

 
3.58
%
 
131,575

 
3,600

 
3.66
%
Loans and leases 2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
21,463,558

 
672,468

 
4.19
%
 
21,062,688

 
691,357

 
4.39
%
Commercial real estate
10,115,149

 
337,980

 
4.47
%
 
10,417,054

 
367,710

 
4.72
%
Consumer
8,532,595

 
250,191

 
3.92
%
 
7,933,810

 
242,150

 
4.08
%
Total loans and leases
40,111,302

 
1,260,639

 
4.20
%
 
39,413,552

 
1,301,217

 
4.41
%
Total interest-earning assets
53,931,467

 
1,372,863

 
3.40
%
 
51,653,917

 
1,402,825

 
3.63
%
Cash and due from banks
639,049

 
 
 
 
 
937,858

 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
(611,062
)
 
 
 
 
 
(717,999
)
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
1,014,129

 
 
 
 
 
1,014,129

 
 
 
 
Core deposit and other intangibles
22,055

 
 
 
 
 
32,260

 
 
 
 
Other assets
2,577,128

 
 
 
 
 
2,614,959

 
 
 
 
Total assets
$
57,572,766

 
 
 
 
 
$
55,535,124

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing deposits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Savings and money market
$
24,470,254

 
29,083

 
0.16
%
 
$
23,344,375

 
27,325

 
0.16
%
Time
2,304,572

 
7,447

 
0.43
%
 
2,511,098

 
8,810

 
0.47
%
Foreign
373,390

 
437

 
0.16
%
 
749,413

 
1,053

 
0.19
%
Total interest-bearing deposits
27,148,216

 
36,967

 
0.18
%
 
26,604,886

 
37,188

 
0.19
%
Borrowed funds:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal funds and other short-term borrowings
215,088

 
228

 
0.14
%
 
228,546

 
182

 
0.11
%
Long-term debt
1,068,891

 
56,290

 
7.04
%
 
2,050,189

 
104,098

 
6.79
%
Total borrowed funds
1,283,979

 
56,518

 
5.89
%
 
2,278,735

 
104,280

 
6.12
%
Total interest-bearing liabilities
28,432,195

 
93,485

 
0.44
%
 
28,883,621

 
141,468

 
0.65
%
Noninterest-bearing deposits
21,033,053

 
 
 
 
 
19,240,639

 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
584,672

 
 
 
 
 
550,780

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities
50,049,920

 
 
 
 
 
48,675,040

 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred equity
1,004,035

 
 
 
 
 
1,003,990

 
 
 
 
Common equity
6,518,811

 
 
 
 
 
5,856,094

 
 
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity
7,522,846

 
 
 
 
 
6,860,084

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
$
57,572,766

 
 
 
 
 
$
55,535,124

 
 
 
 
Spread on average interest-bearing funds
 
 
 
 
2.96
%
 
 
 
 
 
2.98
%
Taxable-equivalent net interest income and net yield on interest-earning assets
 
 
$
1,279,378

 
3.17
%
 
 
 
$
1,261,357

 
3.26
%
1 
Taxable-equivalent rates used where applicable.
2 
Net of unearned income and fees, net of related costs. Loans include nonaccrual and restructured loans.

Provisions for Credit Losses
The provision for loan losses is the amount of expense that, in our judgment, is required to maintain the allowance for loan losses at an adequate level based on the inherent risks in the loan portfolio. The provision for unfunded lending commitments is used to maintain the reserve for unfunded lending commitments (“RULC”) at an adequate level based on the inherent risks associated with such commitments. In determining adequate levels of the

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allowance and reserve, we perform periodic evaluations of our various loan portfolios, the levels of actual charge-offs, credit trends, and external factors. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and “Credit Risk Management” on page 69 for more information on how we determine the appropriate level for the allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) and the RULC.

During the past few years, we have experienced a significant improvement in credit quality metrics; however, recently we have experienced deterioration in various credit quality metrics primarily associated with energy-related loans at Amegy Bank. Overall credit quality metrics for the third quarter of 2015 compared to the same prior year period deteriorated moderately. Gross loan and lease charge-offs increased to $42 million in the third quarter of 2015, compared to $26 million in the same prior year period. Additionally, we had gross recoveries of $11 million in the third quarter of 2015, compared to $16 million in the same prior year period.

Nonperforming assets increased to $372 million at September 30, 2015 from $326 million at December 31, 2014. The ratio of nonperforming assets to loans and leases and other real estate owned (“OREO”) increased to 0.92% at September 30, 2015 from 0.81% at December 31, 2014. Classified loans increased to $1.3 billion at September 30, 2015 from $1.1 billion at December 31, 2014. Approximately 84% of classified loans at September 30, 2015 were current as to principal and interest payments, compared to 83% at December 31, 2014. Classified loans are loans with well-defined credit weaknesses that are risk graded Substandard or Doubtful.

The allowance for loan losses decreased by approximately $8.2 million since December 31, 2014, due to improvements in credit quality metrics outside of the energy portfolio, which outweighed deterioration within the energy portfolio. This resulted in a provision of $18.3 million in the third quarter of 2015, compared to a provision of $(54.6) million in the third quarter of 2014. The negative provision in the third quarter of 2014 was due to the continued improvement in portfolio-specific credit quality metrics and sustained improvement in broader economic and credit quality indicators up to that point. During the third quarter of 2015, the provision increased by $17.7 million compared to the second quarter of 2015 due to an increase in charge-offs, particularly in the energy portfolio. We continue to exercise caution with regard to the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses, given the state of the economy and the sensitivity of the energy loan portfolio to oil and gas prices. Refer to the “Energy-Related Exposure” section on page 70 for more information.

During the third quarter of 2015, we recorded a $1.4 million provision for unfunded lending commitments compared to $(16.1) million in the third quarter of 2014. The provision recognized in the third quarter of 2015 is primarily due to the proportionally large amount of unfunded commitments in the energy portfolio compared to the rest of the portfolio. The negative provision in the third quarter of 2014 was primarily due to significant improvement in portfolio-specific credit quality metrics, sustained improvement in broader economic and credit quality indicators, and changes in the portfolio mix. From quarter to quarter, the provision for unfunded lending commitments may be subject to sizable fluctuations due to changes in the timing and volume of loan commitments, originations, funding, and changes in credit quality.
Noninterest Income
Noninterest income represents revenues we earn for products and services that have no associated interest rate or yield. For the third quarter of 2015, noninterest income was $130.8 million, compared to $116.1 million for the same prior year period. The $14.7 million increase was primarily attributable to $13.9 million of fixed income securities losses during the third quarter of 2014 related to the sales of certain CDO securities. The following are the other major components of noninterest income line items impacting the third quarter change.

Equity securities gains increased by $3.2 million in the third quarter of 2015 compared to the same prior year period. The equity securities gains were primarily due to unrealized gains on the Company’s Small Business Investment Company (“SBIC”) investments.


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Dividends and other investment income declined by $2.9 million in the third quarter of 2015 compared to the same prior year period. The decline was primarily a result of lower income from the Company’s private equity investments (“PEIs”). As part of the Company’s initiative to consolidate its charters into a single charter, the Company expects to only have shares in the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) in Des Moines, and the Company’s subsidiary banks are expected to redeem their shares in the other respective FHLBs, most likely in the second quarter of 2016. As a result of this consolidation, the amount of FHLB dividends received is expected to be reduced in 2016. For the first nine months of 2015, we received approximately $6.0 million of FHLB dividend income. Additionally, Congress is considering reducing the dividends that certain banks receive from shares held in the Federal Reserve Board (“FRB”). For the first nine months of 2015, we received approximately $5.5 million of FRB dividend income.

For the first nine months of 2015, noninterest income decreased by $126.2 million, compared to the first nine months of 2014. The decrease was primarily a result of a one-time loss related to the sale of CDO securities, resulting in a decline of $160.8 million in fixed securities gains compared to the first nine months of 2014. These losses were partially offset by an increase in other service charges, commissions and fees, fair value and nonhedge derivative income, and equity securities gains. All significant components impacting the first nine months of the year not explained above are as follows.

Other service charges, commissions and fees, which are comprised of ATM fees, insurance commissions, bankcard merchant fees, debit and credit card interchange fees, cash management fees, lending commitment fees, syndication and servicing fees, and other miscellaneous fees, increased by $8.2 million in the first nine months of 2015, compared to the same prior year period. The increase was primarily due to increased interchange and merchant fees from commercial credit cards and from interest rate swap management fees.

Fair value and nonhedge derivative income represents the fair value gains and losses from nonhedge credit derivatives as well as the fees on a total return swap. Fair value and nonhedge derivative income improved by $9.6 million to a loss of $(0.8) million for the first nine months of 2015 from a loss of $(10.4) million for the first nine months of 2014. The improvement was primarily due to fees paid on the total return swap in 2014; the total return swap was terminated in the second quarter of 2014 and, therefore, there were no fees on the swap in 2015.

Noninterest Expense
Noninterest expense decreased by $42.4 million, or 9.7%, to $396.1 million in the third quarter of 2015, compared to the same prior year period. The decline in noninterest expense was primarily caused by a decline in debt extinguishment cost and other noninterest expense. The decline was partially offset by an increase in the provision for unfunded lending commitments. The following are major components of noninterest expense line items impacting the third quarter change.

We did not have any debt extinguishment cost in the third quarter of 2015 compared to $44.4 million in the third quarter of 2014 when the Company redeemed approximately $500 million par amount of senior notes through tender offers.

Other noninterest expense for the third quarter of 2015 was $56.3 million, compared to $66.7 million for the same prior year period. The decrease is primarily due to decreased write-downs of the FDIC indemnification asset. The balance of FDIC-supported/PCI loans has declined significantly since the third quarter of 2014, primarily due to paydowns and payoffs. Additionally the decrease was due to a decline in travel expenses as we continue to focus on cost savings across the Company.

For the first nine months of 2015, noninterest expense decreased by $44.9 million, compared to the first nine months of 2014. The decrease was primarily related to a decrease of $42.0 million debt extinguishment cost and $38.2 million in other noninterest expense for the first nine months of 2015, compared to the first nine months of 2014. The decrease in noninterest expense for the first nine months of 2015, compared to the first nine months of

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2014, was partially offset by a $19.0 million increase in salaries and employee benefits. Most of the increase in salaries and employee benefits can be attributed to higher base salaries even though the number of full-time equivalent employees declined by 276 in the third quarter of 2015, compared to the third quarter of 2014. Our overall headcount was 10,219 full-time equivalent employees as of September 30, 2015, compared to 10,495 at September 30, 2014. Staff reductions, primarily at several subsidiary banks, were partially offset by increased headcount in specific areas, including our major systems projects, compliance, and build-out of enterprise risk management and stress-testing functions. As discussed previously, efforts are underway to streamline some of these functions across the Company.

The FDIC has proposed a change in deposit insurance assessments that implements a Dodd-Frank Act provision requiring banks with over $10 billion in assets to be responsible for recapitalizing the FDIC insurance fund to 1.35% of insured deposits by the end of 2018, after it reaches a 1.15% reserve ratio. If the rule is finalized, it may go into effect in the first or second quarter of 2016.

We plan to hold noninterest expense to below $1.6 billion, adjusted for certain expense items, in 2015 and 2016, with a slight increase in 2017. The expense items that we exclude from the targeted noninterest expense of $1.6 billion are the same as those excluded in arriving at the efficiency ratio (see “GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations” on page 90 for more information regarding the calculation of the efficiency ratio).

Income Taxes
Income tax expense for the third quarter of 2015 was $40.8 million, compared to $53.1 million for the same period in 2014. The effective income tax rates for these periods were 28.8% and 35.6%, respectively. The 2015 tax rate was lower primarily due to the recognition of tax credits for certain research and development initiatives and for a project related to alternative energy that was placed in service during the third quarter of 2015. The year-to-date tax rates for 2015 and 2014 were 32.0% and 36.1%, respectively. The 2015 tax rate was lower due to the recognition of tax credits and to an increase in the proportion of nontaxable items relative to pretax income, as well as the 2014 accrual of $2.3 million of interest expense reflected in tax expense.

We had a net deferred tax asset (“DTA”) balance of $201 million at September 30, 2015, compared to $224 million at December 31, 2014. The decrease resulted primarily from items related to loan charge-offs in excess of loan loss provisions, earning differences from equity investments, the payout of accrued compensation, and the realization of losses related to the sale of CDO securities in 2015. The decrease in the DTA was partially offset by decreases in deferred tax liabilities related to premises and equipment and the deferred gain on the Company’s 2009 debt exchange.

Preferred Dividends
On October 19, 2015, we announced the commencement of a $180 million cash tender offer to purchase certain outstanding preferred stock and depositary shares. The ultimate amount purchased will be determined by the success of the tender offer, which will expire on November 16, 2015. Depending upon the total amount and mix of series of preferred stock purchased from this offer, preferred stock dividends during 2016 may be reduced by approximately $10 million.


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BALANCE SHEET ANALYSIS
Interest-Earning Assets
Interest-earning assets are those assets that have interest rates or yields associated with them. One of our goals is to maintain a high level of interest-earning assets relative to total assets while keeping nonearning assets at a minimum. Interest-earning assets consist of money market investments, securities, loans, and leases.

The schedule referred to in our discussion of net interest income includes the average balances of our interest earning assets, the amount of revenue generated by them, and their respective yields. Another goal is to maintain a higher-yielding mix of interest-earning assets, such as loans, relative to lower-yielding assets, such as money market investments or securities, while maintaining adequate levels of highly liquid assets. The current period of slow economic growth accompanied by the moderate loan demand experienced in recent quarters has made it difficult to achieve these goals. In 2014, we began to incrementally deploy some of our excess cash into short-to-medium duration pass-through U.S. agency securities that qualify as HQLA under new Liquidity Coverage Ratio (“LCR”) and liquidity stress-testing regulations. As a result of this, in the third quarter of 2015, we purchased HQLA securities of $1.6 billion at amortized cost, increasing HQLA securities by $1.4 billion after paydowns and payoffs during the quarter, and we are continuing these purchases.

Average interest-earning assets were $53.9 billion for the first nine months of 2015, compared to $51.7 billion for the first nine months of 2014. Average interest-earning assets as a percentage of total average assets for the first nine months of 2015 were 93.7%, compared to 93.0% in the corresponding prior year period.

Average loans were $40.1 billion and $39.4 billion for the first nine months of 2015 and 2014, respectively. Average loans as a percentage of total average assets for the first nine months of 2015 were 69.7%, compared to 71.0% in the corresponding prior year period.

Average money market investments, consisting of interest-bearing deposits, federal funds sold, and security resell agreements, increased by 4.4% to $8.4 billion for the first nine months of 2015, compared to $8.0 billion for the first nine months of 2014. Average securities increased by 30.4% for the first nine months of 2015, compared to the first nine months of 2014. Average total deposits increased by 5.1% resulting from an increase in noninterest-bearing deposits and savings and money market deposits.

Investment Securities Portfolio
We invest in securities to actively manage liquidity and interest rate risk, in addition to generating revenues for the Company. Refer to the “Liquidity Risk Management” section on page 84 for additional information on management of liquidity and funding and compliance with Basel III and LCR requirements. The following schedule presents a profile of our investment securities portfolio. The amortized cost amounts represent the original cost of the investments, adjusted for related accumulated amortization or accretion of any yield adjustments, and for impairment losses, including credit-related impairment. The estimated fair value measurement levels and methodology are discussed in Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


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INVESTMENT SECURITIES PORTFOLIO
 
 
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
(In millions)
 
 
Par value
 
Amortized
cost
 
Carrying
value
 
Estimated
fair
value
 
Par value
 
Amortized
cost
 
Carrying
value
 
Estimated
fair
value
Held-to-maturity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Municipal securities
 
$
545

 
$
544

 
$
544

 
$
553

 
$
608

 
$
608

 
$
608

 
$
620

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust preferred securities – banks and insurance
 

 

 

 

 
89

 
79

 
39

 
57

 
 
545

 
544

 
544

 
553

 
697

 
687

 
647

 
677

Available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency securities
 
1,103

 
1,103

 
1,110

 
1,110

 
606

 
607

 
601

 
601

Agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
 
2,695

 
2,806

 
2,813

 
2,813

 
899

 
935

 
945

 
945

Small Business Administration loan-backed securities
 
1,636

 
1,816

 
1,819

 
1,819

 
1,400

 
1,544

 
1,552

 
1,552

Municipal securities
 
208

 
213

 
213

 
213

 
187

 
189

 
189

 
189

Other debt securities
 
26

 
25

 
23

 
23

 

 

 

 

Asset-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust preferred securities – banks and insurance
 

 

 

 

 
659

 
538

 
415

 
415

Other
 

 

 

 

 
7

 
6

 
6

 
6

 
 
5,668

 
5,963

 
5,978

 
5,978

 
3,758

 
3,819

 
3,708

 
3,708

Money market mutual funds and other
 
22

 
22

 
22

 
22

 
137

 
137

 
136

 
136

 
 
5,690

 
5,985

 
6,000

 
6,000

 
3,895

 
3,956

 
3,844

 
3,844

Total
 
$
6,235

 
$
6,529

 
$
6,544

 
$
6,553

 
$
4,592

 
$
4,643

 
$
4,491

 
$
4,521


The amortized cost of investment securities at September 30, 2015 increased by 40.6% from the balances at December 31, 2014, primarily due to purchases of agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities. There were additional increases in agency securities and Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loan-backed securities. These increases were partially offset by the sale of the remaining CDO portfolio during the second quarter of 2015.
The investment securities portfolio includes $294 million of net premium almost exclusively from SBA loan-backed securities and agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities. Recent purchases of these securities have occurred at a premium to the respective par amount. The amortization of these premiums each quarter is dependent upon borrower prepayment behavior. Premium amortization for the third quarter of 2015 was approximately $14 million, compared to approximately $10 million in the second quarter of 2015, and is included in portfolio yields. The increased premium amortization is due to both an increased amount of agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities and SBA loan-backed securities and changes in prepayment rates of the underlying loans.
During the first quarter of 2015, we reclassified all of the remaining held-to-maturity (“HTM”) CDO securities, or approximately $79 million at amortized cost, to AFS securities. See Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion regarding this reclassification.
As of September 30, 2015, under the GAAP fair value accounting hierarchy, 0.3% of the $6.0 billion fair value of the AFS securities portfolio was valued at Level 1, 99.7% was valued at Level 2, and there were no Level 3 AFS securities as a result of the sale of the remaining CDO securities. At December 31, 2014, 2.7% of the $3.8 billion fair value of AFS securities portfolio was valued at Level 1, 86.8% was valued at Level 2, and 10.5% was valued at Level 3. See Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of fair value accounting.

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Exposure to State and Local Governments
We provide multiple products and services to state and local governments (referred together as “municipalities”), including deposit services, loans, and investment banking services, and we invest in securities issued by the municipalities.
The following schedule summarizes our exposure to state and local municipalities:
MUNICIPALITIES
 
(In millions)
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans and leases
 
$
600

 
 
 
$
521

 
Held-to-maturity – municipal securities
 
544

 
 
 
608

 
Available-for-sale – municipal securities
 
213

 
 
 
189

 
Available-for-sale – auction rate securities
 

 
 
 
5

 
Trading account – municipal securities
 
58

 
 
 
53

 
Unfunded lending commitments
 
83

 
 
 
58

 
Total direct exposure to municipalities
 
$
1,498

 
 
 
$
1,434

 

At September 30, 2015, $1.0 million of loans to one municipality were on nonaccrual. A significant amount of the municipal loan and lease portfolio is secured by real estate and equipment, and approximately 86% of the outstanding credits were originated by CB&T, Zions Bank, Vectra, and NBAZ. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information about the credit quality of these municipal loans.

All municipal securities are reviewed quarterly for OTTI; see Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. HTM securities consist of unrated bonds issued by small local government entities. Prior to purchase, the issuers of municipal securities are evaluated by the Company for their creditworthiness, and some of the securities are guaranteed by third parties. As of September 30, 2015, the AFS municipal securities were issued by issuers with investment-grade ratings from one or more major credit rating agencies.

Foreign Exposure and Operations
We have de minimis credit exposure to foreign sovereign risks and we do not believe our total foreign credit exposure is material. We also do not have significant foreign exposure to derivative counterparties. Foreign loans to non-sovereign entities consist primarily of commercial and industrial loans and totaled $183 million at September 30, 2015 and $144 million at December 31, 2014.
Our foreign operations are comprised of Amegy Bank operating a branch in Grand Cayman, Grand Cayman Islands, B.W.I. Amegy Bank’s foreign branch only accepts deposits from qualified domestic customers. While deposits in this branch are not subject to FRB reserve requirements, there are no federal or state income tax benefits to the Company as a result of these operations. Foreign deposits were $442 million at September 30, 2015 and $328 million at December 31, 2014.
Loan Portfolio
For the first nine months of 2015 and 2014, average loans accounted for 69.7% and 71.0%, respectively, of total average assets. As presented in the following schedule, commercial and industrial loans were the largest category and constituted 32.5% of our loan portfolio at September 30, 2015.

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LOAN PORTFOLIO
 
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
(Amounts in millions)
Amount
 
% of
total loans
 
Amount
 
% of
total loans
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
13,035

 
32.5
%
 
$
13,163

 
32.9
%
Leasing
427

 
1.1

 
409

 
1.0

Owner occupied
7,141

 
17.8

 
7,351

 
18.3

Municipal
600

 
1.5

 
521

 
1.3

Total commercial
21,203

 
52.9

 
21,444

 
53.5

Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land development
2,214

 
5.5

 
1,986

 
5.0

Term
8,089

 
20.2

 
8,127

 
20.3

Total commercial real estate
10,303

 
25.7

 
10,113

 
25.3

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity credit line
2,347

 
5.8

 
2,321

 
5.8

1-4 family residential
5,269

 
13.1

 
5,201

 
13.0

Construction and other consumer real estate
370

 
0.9

 
371

 
0.9

Bankcard and other revolving plans
428

 
1.1

 
401

 
1.0

Other
193

 
0.5

 
213

 
0.5

Total consumer
8,607

 
21.4

 
8,507

 
21.2

Total net loans
$
40,113

 
100.0
%
 
$
40,064

 
100.0
%
Net loans and leases remained relatively constant at $40.1 billion at September 30, 2015 compared to December 31, 2014.
Most of the loan portfolio growth during the first nine months of 2015 occurred in municipal, commercial construction and land development, and 1-4 family residential loans. The impact of these increases was partially offset by decreases in commercial and industrial, commercial owner occupied, and commercial real estate term loans. The loan portfolio increased primarily at CB&T, NBAZ, and Vectra, while balances declined at Amegy Bank and NSB.
Commercial owner occupied loans declined due primarily to the runoff and attrition of the National Real Estate portfolio at Zions Bank, which is expected to continue throughout 2015. The National Real Estate business is a wholesale business that depends on loan referrals from other community banking institutions. Due to generally soft loan demand nationally, many community banking institutions are retaining, rather than selling, their loan production.
We expect slight-to-moderate overall loan and lease growth during the rest of 2015. We also expect to continue to limit construction and land development loan commitment growth for the foreseeable future as part of management’s actions to improve the risk profile of the Company’s loans and to reduce portfolio concentration risk.
Since 2009, CB&T and NSB have had loss sharing agreements with the FDIC that provided indemnification for credit losses of acquired loans and foreclosed assets up to specified thresholds. The last of the agreements for commercial loans, which comprised the major portion of the acquired portfolio, expired as of September 30, 2014. The agreements for 1-4 family residential loans will expire in 2019. In previous periods, the FDIC-supported loan balances were presented separately in schedules within MD&A and in other disclosures, and included purchase credit-impaired (“PCI”) loans, as discussed in Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Due to declining balances, for all periods presented herein, the FDIC-supported/PCI loans have been reclassified to their respective loan segments and classes.
Other Noninterest-Bearing Investments
As part of the Company’s initiative to consolidate its charters into a single charter, the Company will have shares in a single FHLB (Des Moines) and the Company’s subsidiary banks are expected to redeem their shares of the other

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respective FHLBs, most likely in the second quarter of 2016. Our investment balance in Federal Reserve stock is expected to remain relatively stable. The following schedule sets forth the Company’s other noninterest-bearing investments.
OTHER NONINTEREST-BEARING INVESTMENTS
(In millions)
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank-owned life insurance
 
$
482

 
 
 
$
476

 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
 
68

 
 
 
104

 
Federal Reserve stock
 
123

 
 
 
121

 
Farmer Mac stock
 
29

 
 
 
26

 
SBIC investments
 
112

 
 
 
86

 
Non-SBIC investment funds
 
28

 
 
 
44

 
Others
 
9

 
 
 
9

 
 
 
$
851

 
 
 
$
866

 
Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment increased $44 million, or 5.3%, during the first nine months of 2015 primarily due to capitalized costs associated with the development of a new corporate facility for Amegy Bank in Texas, and additionally from the capitalization of eligible costs related to the development of new lending, deposit and reporting systems.
Deposits
Deposits, both interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing, are a primary source of funding for the Company. Average total deposits for the first nine months of 2015 increased by 5.1%, compared to the first nine months of 2014, with average interest-bearing deposits increasing by 2.0% and average noninterest-bearing deposits increasing by 9.3%. The increase in noninterest-bearing deposits was largely driven by increased deposits from business customers. The average interest rate paid for interest-bearing deposits was 1 bp lower during the third quarter of 2015, compared to the third quarter of 2014.
Deposits at September 30, 2015, excluding time deposits $100,000 and over and brokered deposits, increased by 2.6%, or $1.2 billion, from December 31, 2014. The increase was mainly due to an increase in noninterest-bearing demand deposits, interest-bearing domestic savings and money market, and a slight increase in foreign deposits, offset by a decrease in time deposits under $100,000.
Demand and savings and money market deposits were 94.6% and 94.3% of total deposits at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
During the first nine months of 2015, and throughout 2014, we maintained a low level of brokered deposits with the primary purpose of keeping that funding source available in case of a future need. At September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, total deposits included $118 million and $108 million, respectively, of brokered deposits.
See “Liquidity Risk Management” on page 84 for additional information on funding and borrowed funds.

RISK ELEMENTS
Since risk is inherent in substantially all of the Company’s operations, management of risk is an integral part of its operations and is also a key determinant of its overall performance. The Board of Directors has appointed a Risk Oversight Committee (“ROC”) that consists of appointed Board members who oversee the Company’s risk management processes. The ROC meets on a regular basis to monitor and review Enterprise Risk Management (“ERM”) activities. As required by its charter, the ROC performs oversight for various ERM activities and approves ERM policies and activities as detailed in the ROC charter.


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Management applies various strategies to reduce the risks to which the Company’s operations are exposed, including credit, interest rate and market, liquidity, and operational risks. These risks are overseen by the various management committees of which the Enterprise Risk Management Committee (“ERMC”) is the focal point for the monitoring and review of enterprise risk.

Credit Risk Management
Credit risk is the possibility of loss from the failure of a borrower, guarantor, or another obligor to fully perform under the terms of a credit-related contract. Credit risk arises primarily from the Company’s lending activities, as well as from off-balance sheet credit instruments.

The Board of Directors, through the ROC, is responsible for approving the overall policies relating to the management of the credit risk of the Company. In addition, the ROC oversees and monitors adherence to key policies and the credit risk appetite which is defined in the Risk Appetite Framework. Additionally, the Board has established the Corporate Credit Administration Committee (“CCAC”), consisting of members of management, to which it has delegated the responsibility for managing credit risk for the company.

Centralized oversight of credit risk is provided through credit policies, credit administration, and credit examination functions at the Parent. We separate the lending function from the credit administration function, which strengthens control over, and the independent evaluation of, credit activities. Formal loan policies and procedures provide the Company with a framework for consistent underwriting and a basis for sound credit decisions at the local subsidiary bank level. In addition, we have a well-defined set of standards for evaluating our loan portfolio and we utilize a comprehensive loan grading system to determine the risk potential in the portfolio. Furthermore, an independent internal credit examination department periodically conducts examinations of the Company’s lending departments. These examinations are designed to review credit quality, adequacy of documentation, appropriate loan grading administration, and compliance with lending policies. Reports are submitted to management and to the ROC on a regular basis. New, expanded, or modified products and services, as well as new lines of business, are approved by the corporate New Product Review Committee.

Both the credit policy and the credit examination functions are managed centrally. Each subsidiary bank can be more conservative in its operations under the corporate credit policy; however, formal corporate approval must be obtained if a bank wishes to invoke a more liberal policy. Historically, there have been only a limited number of such approvals. This entire process has been designed to place an emphasis on strong underwriting standards and early detection of potential problem credits in order to develop and implement action plans on a timely basis to mitigate any potential losses.

Our credit risk management strategy includes diversification of our loan portfolio. We attempt to avoid the risk of an undue concentration of credits in a particular collateral type or with an individual customer or counterparty. Generally, our loan portfolio is well diversified; however, due to the nature of our geographical footprint, there are certain significant concentrations primarily in commercial real estate (“CRE”) and energy-related lending. We have adopted and adhere to concentration limits on various types of CRE lending, particularly construction and land development lending, leveraged lending, municipal lending, and energy-related lending. All of these limits are continually monitored and revised as necessary. The recent growth in construction and land development loan commitments is within the established concentration limits. Our business activity is primarily with customers located within the geographical footprint of our subsidiary banks.

The credit quality of our loan portfolio remained generally strong during the first nine months of 2015, although we have recently experienced deterioration in various credit quality metrics primarily associated with energy-related loans at Amegy Bank. Nonperforming assets as a percentage of loans and leases and OREO increased slightly to 0.92% at September 30, 2015, compared to 0.81% at December 31, 2014. Gross charge-offs for the third quarter of 2015 increased to $42.4 million from $35.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2014. Net charge-offs increased to $31.2 million from $17.2 million for the same periods, primarily due to deterioration in energy-related loans.

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Government Agency Guaranteed Loans
We participate in various guaranteed lending programs sponsored by U.S. government agencies, such as the SBA, FDIC, Federal Housing Authority, Veterans’ Administration, Export-Import Bank of the U.S., and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. As of September 30, 2015, the guaranteed portion of these loans was approximately $421 million. Most of these loans were guaranteed by the SBA.

The following schedule presents the composition of government agency guaranteed loans.

GOVERNMENT GUARANTEES
(Amounts in millions)
September 30, 2015
 
Percent
guaranteed
 
December 31, 2014
 
Percent
guaranteed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
$
520

 
 
 
76
%
 
 
 
$
539

 
 
 
76
%
 
Commercial real estate
 
18

 
 
 
77

 
 
 
19

 
 
 
77

 
Consumer
 
15

 
 
 
88

 
 
 
17

 
 
 
86

 
Total loans
 
$
553

 
 
 
76
%
 
 
 
$
575

 
 
 
76
%
 

Commercial Lending
The following schedule provides selected information regarding lending concentrations to certain industries in our commercial lending portfolio.
COMMERCIAL LENDING BY INDUSTRY GROUP
 
September 30, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
(Amounts in millions)
Amount
 
Percent
 
Amount
 
Percent
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate, rental and leasing
$
2,387

 
11.3
%
 
$
2,418

 
11.4
%
Manufacturing
2,344

 
11.0

 
2,305

 
10.7

Mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction 1
1,965

 
9.3

 
2,277

 
10.6

Retail trade
1,942

 
9.2

 
1,924

 
9.0

Wholesale trade
1,647

 
7.8

 
1,638

 
7.6

Healthcare and social assistance
1,315

 
6.2

 
1,347

 
6.3

Finance and insurance
1,287

 
6.1

 
1,168

 
5.5

Transportation and warehousing
1,170

 
5.5

 
1,294

 
6.0

Construction
1,060

 
5.0

 
1,027

 
4.8

Accommodation and food services
946

 
4.4

 
911

 
4.2

Professional, scientific and technical services
876

 
4.1

 
884

 
4.1

Other 2
4,265

 
20.1

 
4,251

 
19.8

Total
$
21,204

 
100.0
%
 
$
21,444

 
100.0
%
1 
Certain energy-related market segments (e.g. energy services) are also represented in other industry groups within this schedule.
2 
No other industry group exceeds 4%.

Energy-Related Exposure
Various industries represented in the previous schedule, including mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction; manufacturing; and transportation and warehousing, contain certain loans we categorize as energy-related. At September 30, 2015, we had approximately $5.4 billion of total energy-related credit exposure and $2.8 billion of primarily oil and gas energy-related loan balances.

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The distribution of energy-related loans by customer market segment is shown in the following schedule:
ENERGY-RELATED EXPOSURE 1 
 
 
 
 
 
% of total oil and gas- related
 
 
 
 
 
% of total oil and gas- related
 
 
 
 
 
% of total oil and gas- related
(Amounts in millions)
September 30,
2015
 
 
June 30, 2015
 
 
March 31, 2015
 
Loans and leases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas-related:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Upstream – exploration and production
$
924

 
 
33
%
 
 
$
954

 
 
33
%
 
 
$
1,078

 
 
34
%
Midstream – marketing and transportation
626

 
 
22

 
 
589

 
 
20

 
 
654

 
 
21

Downstream – refining
 
124

 
 
5

 
 
131

 
 
5

 
 
140

 
 
4

Other non-services
 
55

 
 
2

 
 
75

 
 
3

 
 
57

 
 
2

Oilfield services
 
825

 
 
29

 
 
879

 
 
30

 
 
959

 
 
30

Energy service manufacturing
 
251

 
 
9

 
 
255

 
 
9

 
 
269

 
 
9

Total oil and gas-related
 
2,805

 
 
100
%
 
 
2,883

 
 
100
%
 
 
3,157

 
 
100
%
Alternative energy
 
214

 
 
 
 
 
222

 
 
 
 
 
232

 
 
 
Total loans and leases
 
3,019

 
 
 
 
 
3,105

 
 
 
 
 
3,389

 
 
 
Unfunded lending commitments
 
2,364

 
 
 
 
 
2,403

 
 
 
 
 
2,451

 
 
 
Total credit exposure
 
$
5,383

 
 
 
 
 
$
5,508

 
 
 
 
 
$
5,840

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Private equity investments
 
$
17

 
 
 
 
 
$
18

 
 
 
 
 
$
20

 
 
 
Credit quality measures of oil and gas
 
 
 
 
 
Classified loan ratio
15.7
%
 
11.3
%
 
9.3
%
Nonperforming loan ratio
3.0
%
 
2.3
%
 
2.1
%
Net charge-off ratio, annualized
2.4
%
 
%
 
0.3
%
1 
Because many borrowers operate in multiple businesses, judgment has been applied in characterizing a borrower as energy-related, including a particular segment of energy-related activity, e.g., upstream or downstream.
During the third quarter of 2015, our overall balance of oil and gas-related loans decreased 2.7% to $2.8 billion, compared to a decrease of 8.7% during the second quarter of 2015. In the third quarter of 2015, exploration and production loan balances decreased 3.1%, compared to a decrease of 11.6% in the second quarter of 2015. Energy service loan balances declined 5.1% in the third quarter of 2015, compared to a decrease of 7.6% in the second quarter of 2015. Unfunded energy-related lending commitments declined by $39 million, or 1.6%, during the third quarter of 2015, compared to a decline of $48 million, or 2.0%, during the second quarter of 2015. The decline in oil and gas-related credit exposure during the third quarter was consistent with expectations, and further attrition over the next several quarters is likely.
Our assessment of credit quality of the energy loan portfolio was consistent with the second quarter of 2015. At September 30, 2015, approximately $84.5 million, or 3.0%, of the energy-related loan balances were nonaccruing; an increase from June 30, 2015, when $66.4 million, or 2.3%, were nonaccruing. Approximately 45% of energy-related nonaccruing loans were current as to principal and interest payments at September 30, 2015, down from approximately 87% at June 30, 2015.
Classified energy-related credits increased to $441.4 million at September 30, 2015, from $324.8 million at June 30, 2015. Energy loan net charge-offs were $16.9 million in the third quarter of 2015, compared to none in the second quarter. Generally consistent with expectations, the majority of loan downgrades in the third quarter reflected deterioration in the financial condition of oilfield services companies and, to a lesser degree, a small number of downgrades in the upstream portfolio. Further downgrades are likely; however, the Company currently believes it has established an appropriate reserve for the portfolio. The pattern of a significant increase in graded or classified energy loans as well as the increase in nonaccrual energy loans is generally consistent with prior cycles.
Our historical energy lending performance has been strong despite significant volatility in both oil and natural gas prices. Losses following the 2008-2009 period of oil and gas price declines and volatility were modest. Energy-

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related classified loans increased significantly during this last economic downturn, nonperforming loans increased much more modestly, and annual losses were relatively minor (approximately 1% in the peak year of 2010). Our cumulative energy-related net charge-offs over the last five years have been lower than the cumulative net loss rate of general commercial and industrial lending during that same period.
Upstream
Upstream exploration and production loans comprised approximately 33% of the energy-related exposure at both September 30 and June 30, 2015. Many upstream borrowers have relatively balanced production between oil and gas.
We use disciplined underwriting practices to mitigate the risk associated with upstream lending activities. Upstream loans are made to reserve-based borrowers where approximately 90% of those loans are collateralized by the value of the borrower’s oil and gas reserves. Our oil and gas price deck, the pricing applied to a borrower’s reserves for underwriting purposes, has generally been below the NYMEX strip, i.e., the average of the daily settlement prices of the next 12 months’ futures contracts. Through the use of independent and third party engineers and conservative underwriting, we apply multiple discounts. These discounts often range from 10-40% of the value of the collateral in determining the borrowing base (commitment), and help protect credit quality against significant commodity price declines. Further, reserve-based commitments are subject to a borrowing base redetermination based on then-current energy prices, typically every six months. Generally, we have, at our option, the right to conduct additional redeterminations during the year. Borrowing bases for clients are usually set at 60-70% of available collateral after an adjustment for the discounts described above.
Upstream borrowers generally do not draw the maximum available funding on their lines, which provides the borrower additional liquidity and flexibility. The line utilization rate for upstream borrowers was approximately 61% at both September 30 and June 30, 2015. This unused commitment gives us the ability in some cases to reduce the borrowing base commitment through the redetermination process without creating a borrowing base deficiency (where outstanding debt exceeds the new borrowing base). Nevertheless, our loan agreements generally require the borrowers to maintain a certain amount of equity. Therefore, if the loan to collateral value exceeds an acceptable limit, we work with the borrowers to reinstate an acceptable collateral-value threshold.
An additional metric we consider in our underwriting is a borrower’s oil and gas price hedging practices. A considerable portion of our reserve-based borrowers are hedged. Of the upstream borrower’s risk-based estimated oil production projected in 2015, approximately 55% is hedged based on weighted average commitments and the latest data provided by the borrowers.
Midstream
Midstream marketing and transportation loans comprised approximately 22% of our energy-related exposure as of September 30, 2015, compared to 20% as of June 30, 2015. Loans in this segment are made to companies that gather, transport, treat and blend oil and natural gas, or that provide services to similar companies. The assets owned by these borrowers, which make this activity possible, are field-level gathering systems (small diameter pipe), pipelines (medium/large diameter pipe), tanks, trucks, rail cars, various water-based vessels, and natural gas treatment plants. Our midstream loans are secured by these assets, unless the borrower is rated investment-grade. A significant portion of our midstream borrowers’ revenues are derived from fee-based contracts, giving them limited exposure to commodity price risk. Since lower oil and gas prices slow the drilling and development of new oil and natural gas, but do not normally result in significant numbers of producing wells being shut in, volumes of oil and gas flowing through midstream systems usually remain relatively stable throughout oil and natural gas price cycles. During the 2008-2009 period of oil and gas price volatility, classified loans in the midstream segment peaked at a lower level than the upstream and energy services segments.
Energy Services
Energy service loans, which include oilfield services and energy service manufacturing comprised approximately 38% of our energy-related exposure as of September 30, 2015, compared to 39% as of June 30, 2015. Energy service loans include borrowers that have a concentration of revenues in the energy industry. However, many of

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these borrowers provide a broad range of products and services to the energy industry and are not subject to the same volatility as new drilling activities. Many of these borrowers are diversified geographically and service both oil and gas-related drilling and production.
For energy service loans, underwriting criteria require lower leverage to compensate for the cyclical nature of the industry. During the underwriting process, we use sensitivity analysis to consider revenue and cash flow impacts resulting from oil and gas price cycles. Generally, we underwrite energy service loans to withstand a 20-50% decline in cash flows, with higher discounts for those borrowers subject to greater cyclicality.
Risk Management of the Energy-Related Portfolio
We apply concentration limits and disciplined underwriting to the entire energy-related portfolio to limit our risk exposure. Concentration limits on energy-related lending, coupled with adherence to our underwriting standards, served to constrain loan growth during the past several quarters. As an indicator of the diversity in the size of our energy-related portfolio’s size, the average amount of our commitments is approximately $7 million, with approximately 64% of the commitments less than $30 million. The portfolio contains only senior loans – no junior or second lien positions; additionally, we cautiously approach making first-lien loans to borrowers that employ excessive leverage through the use of junior lien loans or unsecured layers of debt. Approximately 90% of the total energy-related portfolio is secured by reserves, equipment, real estate, and other collateral, or a combination of collateral types. Lending arrangements not secured are generally to investment-grade borrowers.
We participate as a lender in loans and commitments designated as Shared National Credits (“SNCs”), which generally consist of larger and more diversified borrowers that have better access to capital markets. SNCs are loans or loan commitments of at least $20 million that are shared by three or more federally supervised institutions. The percentage of SNCs is approximately 80% of the upstream portfolio, 79% of the midstream portfolio, and 51% of the energy services portfolio. Our bankers have direct access and contact with the management of these SNC borrowers, and as such, are active participants. In many cases, we provide ancillary banking services to these borrowers, further evidencing this direct relationship.
As a secondary source of support, many of our energy-related borrowers have access to capital markets and private equity sources. Private sponsors tend to be large funds, often with assets under management of more than $1 billion, managed by individuals with a great deal of energy expertise and experience and who have successfully managed energy investments through previous energy price cycles. The investors in the funds are primarily institutional investors, such as large pensions, foundations, trusts, and high net worth family offices.
We expect some further downgrades in the energy portfolio as we begin to see third and fourth quarter results from the oilfield services companies, although we currently believe we have appropriately reserved for these downgrades. The deterioration of energy credits is transpiring consistently with our outlook and expectations from the fourth quarter of 2014; although, future energy price volatility may result in further credit deterioration. When establishing the level of the ACL, we consider multiple factors, including reduced drilling activity and additional capital raises. Since September 30, 2014, when energy prices began to decline significantly, Amegy Bank has increased its ACL by $68 million. During the third quarter of 2015, we increased the ACL on the energy portfolio in part due to the decline in energy prices during the third quarter. This contributed to an increased provision for loan losses during the third quarter.

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Commercial Real Estate Loans
Selected information indicative of credit quality regarding our CRE loan portfolio is presented in the following schedule.

COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE PORTFOLIO BY LOAN TYPE AND COLLATERAL LOCATION
(Amounts in millions)
 
Collateral Location
 
 
 
 
Loan type
 
As of
date
 
Arizona
 
California
 
Colorado
 
Nevada
 
Texas
 
Utah/
Idaho
 
Wash-ington
 
Other 1
 
Total
 
% of 
total
CRE
Commercial term
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance outstanding
 
9/30/2015
 
$
1,101

 
$
2,776

 
$
361

 
$
548

 
$
1,335

 
$
1,137

 
$
253

 
$
578

 
$
8,089

 
78.5
%
% of loan type
 
 
 
13.6
%
 
34.3
%
 
4.5
%
 
6.8
%
 
16.5
%
 
14.1
%
 
3.1
%
 
7.1
%
 
100.0
%
 
 
Delinquency rates 2:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30-89 days
 
9/30/2015
 
0.4
%
 
0.1
%
 
0.5
%
 
0.3
%
 
0.2
%
 
%
 
0.2
%
 
0.4
%
 
0.2
%
 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
%
 
0.1
%
 
%
 
0.4
%
 
%
 
0.6
%
 
0.3
%
 
0.2
%
 
0.2
%
 
 
≥ 90 days
 
9/30/2015
 
%
 
0.5
%
 
2.1
%
 
0.1
%
 
0.1
%
 
0.3
%
 
0.9
%
 
1.0
%
 
0.4
%
 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
0.1
%
 
0.6
%
 
%
 
0.6
%
 
0.1
%
 
0.3
%
 
0.3
%
 
1.0
%
 
0.4
%
 
 
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more
 
9/30/2015
 
$

 
$
13

 
$

 
$
1

 
$

 
$
3

 
$
2

 
$
2

 
$
21

 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 

 
12

 

 
3

 

 
3

 
1

 
1

 
20

 
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
9/30/2015
 
$
5

 
$
5

 
$
8

 
$
2

 
$
5

 
$
5

 
$

 
$
9

 
$
39

 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
2

 
8

 
1

 
1

 
2

 
1

 

 
10

 
25

 
 
Residential construction and land development
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance outstanding
 
9/30/2015
 
$
60

 
$
353

 
$
72

 
$
6

 
$
256

 
$
66

 
$
13

 
$
8

 
$
834

 
8.1
%
% of loan type
 
 
 
7.2
%
 
42.3
%
 
8.6
%
 
0.7
%
 
30.7
%
 
7.9
%
 
1.6
%
 
1.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
 
Delinquency rates 2:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30-89 days
 
9/30/2015
 
1.7
%
 
0.5
%
 
0.7
%
 
%
 
1.8
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
1.0
%
 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
 
≥ 90 days
 
9/30/2015
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
2.6
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.8
%
 
 
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more
 
9/30/2015
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
9/30/2015
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 

 

 

 

 
7

 

 

 

 
7

 
 
Commercial construction and land development
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance outstanding
 
9/30/2015
 
$
88

 
$
221

 
$
125

 
$
62

 
$
492

 
$
304

 
$
23

 
$
65

 
$
1,380

 
13.4
%
% of loan type
 
 
 
6.4
%
 
16.0
%
 
9.1
%
 
4.5
%
 
35.7
%
 
22.0
%
 
1.6
%
 
4.7
%
 
100.0
%
 
 
Delinquency rates 2:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30-89 days
 
9/30/2015
 
0.1
%
 
0.5
%
 
%
 
1.2
%
 
0.3
%
 
0.3
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.3
%
 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
%
 
0.5
%
 
0.1
%
 
%
 
0.2
%
 
0.1
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.2
%
 
 
≥ 90 days
 
9/30/2015
 
%
 
1.0
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.7
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.4
%
 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 
%
 
0.9
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.9
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
0.5
%
 
 
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more
 
9/30/2015
 
$

 
$
2

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
2

 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
9/30/2015
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
1

 
$
4

 
$
10

 
$

 
$

 
$
15

 
 
 
 
12/31/2014
 

 
2

 

 

 
4

 
11

 

 

 
17

 
 
Total construction and land development
 
9/30/2015
 
$
148


$
574


$
197


$
68


$
748


$
370


$
36


$
73

 
$
2,214

 
 
Total commercial real estate
 
9/30/2015
 
$
1,249


$
3,350


$
558


$
616


$
2,083


$
1,507


$
289


$
651

 
$
10,303

 
100.0
%
1 
No other geography exceeds $79 million for all three loan types.
2 
Delinquency rates include nonaccrual loans.


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Approximately 22% of the CRE term loans consist of mini-perm loans as of September 30, 2015. For such loans, construction has been completed and the project has stabilized to a level that supports the granting of a mini-perm loan in accordance with our underwriting standards. Mini-perm loans generally have initial maturities of three to seven years. The remaining 78% of CRE loans are term loans with initial maturities generally of 5 to 20 years. The stabilization criteria for a project to qualify for a term loan differ by product type and include criteria related to the cash flow generated by the project, loan-to-value ratio, and occupancy rates.

Approximately $184 million, or 13%, of the commercial construction and land development portfolio at September 30, 2015 consists of acquisition and development loans. Most of these acquisition and development loans are secured by specific retail, apartment, office, or other projects. Underwriting on commercial properties is primarily based on the economic viability of the project with heavy consideration given to the creditworthiness and experience of the sponsor. We generally require that the owner’s equity be injected prior to bank advances. Remargining requirements (required equity infusions upon a decline in value of the collateral) are often included in the loan agreement along with guarantees of the sponsor. Recognizing that debt is paid via cash flow, the projected cash flows of the project are critical in the underwriting because these determine the ultimate value of the property and its ability to service debt. Therefore, in most projects (with the exception of multifamily projects) we look for substantial pre-leasing in our underwriting and we generally require a minimum projected stabilized debt service coverage ratio of 1.20 or higher, depending on the project asset class.

Within the residential construction and development sector, many of the requirements previously mentioned, such as creditworthiness and experience of the developer, up-front injection of the developer’s equity, principal curtailment requirements, and the viability of the project are also important in underwriting a residential development loan. Significant consideration is given to the likely market acceptance of the product, location, strength of the developer, and the ability of the developer to stay within budget. Progress inspections by qualified independent inspectors are routinely performed before disbursements are made.

Real estate appraisals are ordered and validated independent of the loan officer and the borrower, generally by each bank’s internal appraisal review function, which is staffed by licensed appraisers. In some cases, reports from automated valuation services are used. Appraisals are ordered from outside appraisers at the inception, renewal or, for CRE loans, upon the occurrence of any event causing a downgrade to an adverse grade (i.e., “criticized” or “classified”). We increase the frequency of obtaining updated appraisals for adversely graded credits when declining market conditions exist.

Advance rates (i.e., loan commitments) will vary based on the viability of the project and the creditworthiness of the sponsor, but our guidelines generally limit advances to 50% for raw land, 65% for land development, 65% for finished commercial lots, 75% for finished residential lots, 80% for pre-sold homes, 75% for models and homes not under contract, and 75% for commercial properties. Exceptions may be granted on a case-by-case basis.

Loan agreements require regular financial information on the project and the sponsor in addition to lease schedules, rent rolls and, on construction projects, independent progress inspection reports. The receipt of this financial information is monitored and calculations are made to determine adherence to the covenants set forth in the loan agreement. Additionally, loan-by-loan reviews of pass grade loans for all commercial and residential construction and land development loans are performed semiannually at all subsidiary banks except TCBW, which performs such reviews annually.

CRE loans are sometimes modified to increase the likelihood of collecting the maximum possible amount of our investment in the loan. In general, the existence of a guarantee that improves the likelihood of repayment is taken into consideration when analyzing a loan for impairment. If the support of the guarantor is quantifiable and documented, it is included in the potential cash flows and liquidity available for debt repayment and our impairment methodology takes into consideration this repayment source.


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Additionally, when we modify or extend a loan, we give consideration to whether the borrower is in financial difficulty, and whether we have granted a concession. In determining if an interest rate concession has been granted, we consider whether the interest rate on the modified loan is equivalent to current market rates for new debt with similar risk characteristics. If the rate in the modification is less than current market rates, it may indicate that a concession was granted and impairment exists. However, if additional collateral is obtained or if a strong guarantor exists who is believed to be able and willing to support the loan on an extended basis, we also consider the nature and amount of the additional collateral and guarantees in the ultimate determination of whether a concession has been granted.

In general, we obtain and consider updated financial information for the guarantor as part of our determination to extend a loan. The quality and frequency of financial reporting collected and analyzed varies depending on the contractual requirements for reporting, the size of the transaction, and the strength of the guarantor.

Complete underwriting of the guarantor includes, but is not limited to, an analysis of the guarantor’s current financial statements, leverage, liquidity, global cash flow, global debt service coverage, contingent liabilities, etc. The assessment also includes a qualitative analysis of the guarantor’s willingness to perform in the event of a problem and demonstrated history of performing in similar situations. Additional analysis may include personal financial statements, tax returns, liquidity (brokerage) confirmations, and other reports, as appropriate.

A qualitative assessment is performed on a case-by-case basis to evaluate the guarantor’s experience, performance track record, reputation, performance of other related projects with which we are familiar, and willingness to work with us. We also utilize market information sources, rating, and scoring services in our assessment. This qualitative analysis coupled with a documented quantitative ability to support the loan may result in a higher-quality internal loan grade, which may reduce the level of allowance we estimate. Previous documentation of the guarantor’s financial ability to support the loan is discounted if there is any indication of a lack of willingness by the guarantor to support the loan.

In the event of default, we evaluate the pursuit of any and all appropriate potential sources of repayment, which may come from multiple sources, including the guarantee. A number of factors are considered when deciding whether or not to pursue a guarantor, including, but not limited to, the value and liquidity of other sources of repayment (collateral), the financial strength and liquidity of the guarantor, possible statutory limitations (e.g., single action rule on real estate) and the overall cost of pursuing a guarantee compared to the ultimate amount we may be able to recover. In other instances, the guarantor may voluntarily support a loan without any formal pursuit of remedies.

Consumer Loans
We have mainly been an originator of first and second mortgages, generally considered to be of prime quality. Historically, our practice has been to sell “conforming” fixed-rate loans to third parties, including Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, for which we make representations and warranties that the loans meet certain underwriting and collateral documentation standards. It has also been our practice historically to hold variable rate loans in our portfolio. We actively monitor loan “put-backs” (required repurchases of loans previously sold to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac due to inadequate documentation or other reasons). Loan put-backs have been minimal over a multiple-year period. We estimate that we do not have any material risk as a result of either our foreclosure practices or loan put-backs and we have not established any reserves related to these items.

We are engaged in home equity credit line (“HECL”) lending. At September 30, 2015, our HECL portfolio totaled $2.3 billion. Approximately $1.2 billion of the portfolio is secured by first deeds of trust, while the remaining $1.1 billion is secured by junior liens.

As of September 30, 2015, loans representing approximately 2% of the outstanding balance in the HECL portfolio were estimated to have combined loan-to-value ratios (“CLTV”) above 100%. An estimated CLTV ratio is the ratio of our loan plus any prior lien amounts divided by the estimated current collateral value. At origination,

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underwriting standards for the HECL portfolio generally include a maximum 80% CLTV with high credit scores at origination.

Approximately 95% of our HECL portfolio is still in the draw period, and approximately 32% is scheduled to begin amortizing within the next five years. We regularly analyze the risk of borrower default in the event of a loan becoming fully amortizing and the risk of higher interest rates. The analysis indicates that the risk of loss from this factor is minimal in the current economic environment. For the first nine months of 2015 and 2014, the annualized credit losses for the HECL portfolio were -3 bps and 6 bps, respectively. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the credit quality of this portfolio.

Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of loans and leases and OREO increased slightly to 0.92% at September 30, 2015, compared to 0.81% at December 31, 2014.

Total nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2015 increased by $52.6 million from December 31, 2014. The increase is primarily due to increases in energy-related loans at Amegy Bank, the vast majority of which are current with payments, while other commercial and industrial loans, and commercial real estate term loans also experienced modest increases. Aside from Amegy Bank, the largest total increases in nonaccrual loans occurred at Zions Bank, NBAZ and Vectra.

The balance of nonaccrual loans can decrease due to paydowns, charge-offs, and the return of loans to accrual status under certain conditions. If a nonaccrual loan is refinanced or restructured, the new note is immediately placed on nonaccrual. If a restructured loan performs under the new terms for at least a period of six months, the loan can be considered for return to accrual status. See “Restructured Loans” following for more information. Company policy does not allow for the conversion of nonaccrual construction and land development loans to commercial real estate term loans. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

The following schedule sets forth our nonperforming assets:

NONPERFORMING ASSETS
(Amounts in millions)
 
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans 1
 
$
359

 
$
307

Other real estate owned
 
13

 
19

Total nonperforming assets
 
$
372

 
$
326

 
 
 
 
 
Ratio of nonperforming assets to net loans and leases1 and other real estate owned
 
0.92
%
 
0.81
%
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more
 
$
35

 
$
29

Ratio of accruing loans past due 90 days or more to loans and leases1
 
0.09
%
 
0.07
%
Nonaccrual loans and accruing loans past due 90 days or more
 
$
394

 
$
336

Ratio of nonaccrual loans and accruing loans past due 90 days or more
to loans and leases1
 
0.98
%
 
0.84
%
Accruing loans past due 30-89 days
 
$
118

 
$
86

Nonaccrual loans current as to principal and interest payments
 
53.9
%
 
50.4
%
1 Includes loans held for sale.


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Restructured Loans
TDRs are loans that have been modified to accommodate a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulties, and for whom we have granted a concession that we would not otherwise consider. TDRs declined 17% during the first nine months of 2015, mainly due to payments and payoffs. Commercial loans may be modified to provide the borrower more time to complete the project, to achieve a higher lease-up percentage, to sell the property, or for other reasons. Consumer loan TDRs represent loan modifications in which a concession has been granted to the borrower who is unable to refinance the loan with another lender, or who is experiencing economic hardship. Such consumer loan TDRs may include first-lien residential mortgage loans and home equity loans.

For certain TDRs, we split the loan into two new notes – an “A” note and a “B” note. The A note is structured to comply with our current lending standards at current market rates, and is tailored to suit the customer’s ability to make timely principal and interest payments. The B note includes the granting of the concession to the borrower and varies by situation. We may defer principal and interest payments on the B note until the A note has been paid in full. At the time of restructuring, the A note is identified and classified as a TDR. The B note is charged off, but the obligation is not forgiven to the borrower, and any payments collected on the B note are accounted for as recoveries. The outstanding carrying value of loans restructured using the A/B note strategy was approximately $79 million at September 30, 2015 and $112 million at December 31, 2014.

If the restructured loan performs for at least six months according to the modified terms, and an analysis of the customer’s financial condition indicates that we are reasonably assured of repayment of the modified principal and interest, the loan may be returned to accrual status. The borrower’s payment performance prior to and following the restructuring is taken into account to determine whether a loan should be returned to accrual status.

ACCRUING AND NONACCRUING TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURED LOANS
 
 
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
(In millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructured loans – accruing
 
 
$
178

 
 
 
$
245

 
Restructured loans – nonaccruing
 
 
108

 
 
 
98

 
Total
 
 
$
286

 
 
 
$
343

 

In the periods following the calendar year in which a loan was restructured, a loan may no longer be reported as a TDR if it is on accrual, is in compliance with its modified terms, and yields a market rate (as determined and documented at the time of the modification or restructure). Company policy requires that the removal of TDR status be approved at the same management level that approved the upgrading of a loan’s classification. See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding TDRs.

TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURED LOANS ROLLFORWARD
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions)
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
298

 
$
423

 
$
343

 
$
481

New identified TDRs and principal increases
31

 
17

 
83

 
71

Payments and payoffs
(27
)
 
(53
)
 
(115
)
 
(125
)
Charge-offs
(6
)
 
(2
)
 
(11
)
 
(4
)
No longer reported as TDRs
(10
)
 
(7
)
 
(12
)
 
(32
)
Sales and other

 
(3
)
 
(2
)
 
(16
)
Balance at end of period
$
286

 
$
375

 
$
286

 
$
375



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Allowance and Reserve for Credit Losses
In analyzing the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, we utilize a comprehensive loan grading system to determine the risk potential in the portfolio and also consider the results of independent internal credit reviews. To determine the adequacy of the allowance, our loan and lease portfolio is broken into segments based on loan type.

The following schedule shows the changes in the allowance for loan losses and a summary of loan loss experience:

SUMMARY OF LOAN LOSS EXPERIENCE
(Amounts in millions)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans and leases outstanding (net of unearned income)
$
40,113

 
$
40,064

 
$
39,740

Average loans and leases outstanding (net of unearned income)
$
40,111

 
$
39,523

 
$
39,414

Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
605

 
$
746

 
$
746

Provision charged (credited) to earnings
17

 
(98
)
 
(110
)
Adjustment for FDIC-supported/PCI loans

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Charge-offs:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
(77
)
 
(77
)
 
(46
)
Commercial real estate
(6
)
 
(15
)
 
(14
)
Consumer
(10
)
 
(14
)
 
(10
)
Total
(93
)
 
(106
)
 
(70
)
Recoveries:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
39

 
41

 
28

Commercial real estate
21

 
12

 
9

Consumer
8

 
11

 
8

Total
68

 
64

 
45

Net loan and lease charge-offs
(25
)
 
(42
)
 
(25
)
Balance at end of period
$
597

 
$
605

 
$
610

 
 
 
 
 
 
Ratio of annualized net charge-offs to average loans and leases
0.08
%
 
0.11
%
 
0.08
%
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to net loans and leases, at period end
1.49
%
 
1.51
%
 
1.53
%
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans, at period end
166.01
%
 
197.18
%
 
198.64
%
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans and accruing loans past due 90 days or more, at period end
151.33
%
 
180.03
%
 
180.56
%

The total ALLL decreased slightly during the first nine months of 2015 by $8.2 million. We increased the ALLL on our energy portfolio in part due to the decline in energy prices during the third quarter. This increase was partially offset by a reduction in the ALLL elsewhere, which was due to favorable changes in credit quality outside of the energy industry.
The RULC represents a reserve for potential losses associated with off-balance sheet commitments and standby letters of credit. The reserve is separately shown in the balance sheet and any related increases or decreases in the reserve are shown separately in the statement of income. At September 30, 2015, the reserve remained stable compared to December 31, 2014, and increased by $2.0 million from September 30, 2014.
See Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to the ACL and credit trends experienced in each portfolio segment.

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Interest Rate and Market Risk Management
Interest rate and market risk are managed centrally. The Board of Directors is responsible for approving the overall policies relating to the management of the financial risk of the Company, including interest rate and market risk management. In addition, the Board establishes and periodically revises policy limits and reviews limit exceptions reported by management. The Board has established the Asset/Liability Committee (“ALCO”), consisting of members of management, to which it has delegated the responsibility of managing interest rate and market risk for the Company.

Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is one of the most significant risks to which we are regularly exposed. In general, our goal in managing interest rate risk is to have net interest income increase in a rising interest rate environment. We refer to this goal as being “asset-sensitive.” This approach is based on our belief that in a rising interest rate environment, the market cost of equity, or implied rate at which future earnings are discounted, would also tend to rise.

Due to the low level of rates and the natural lower bound of zero for market indices, there is limited sensitivity to falling rates at the current time, and we have tended to operate near interest rate risk “triggers” and appetites to be appropriately positioned in light of prevailing market conditions in order to maximize shareholder value. However, if interest rates remain at their current historically low levels, given our asset sensitivity, we would expect the net interest margin to be under continuing modest pressure assuming a balance sheet that is static in size. In order to mitigate this pressure and to increase holdings in HQLA securities, in 2014, we began deploying cash into short-to-medium duration agency pass-through securities. In the third quarter of 2015, we purchased HQLA securities of $1.6 billion at amortized cost, increasing HQLA securities by $1.4 billion after paydowns and payoffs during the quarter, and we are continuing these purchases. Additionally, we have increased the use of interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges to synthetically convert floating-rate assets to fixed-rate. Over time these actions are expected to somewhat reduce our asset sensitivity compared to previous periods, while improving current earnings.

Interest Rate Risk Measurement
We monitor interest rate risk through the use of two complementary measurement methods: net interest income simulation and Economic Value of Equity at Risk (“EVE”). In the net interest income simulation method, we analyze the expected change in net interest income in response to changes in interest rates. In the EVE method, we measure the expected changes in the fair value of equity in response to changes in interest rates.

Net interest income simulation is an estimate of the total net interest income that would be recognized under different rate environments. Net interest income is measured under several parallel and nonparallel interest rate environments and deposit repricing assumptions, taking into account an estimate of the possible exercise of embedded options within the portfolio (e.g., a borrower’s ability to refinance a loan under a lower rate environment). Our policy contains a trigger for a 10% decline in rate sensitive income as well as a risk capacity of a 13% decline if rates were to immediately rise or fall in parallel by 200 bps. This trigger and risk capacity apply to both the fast and the slow deposit assumptions.

EVE is calculated as the fair value of all assets minus the fair value of liabilities. We measure changes in the dollar amount of EVE for parallel shifts in interest rates. Due to embedded optionality and asymmetric rate risk, changes in EVE can be useful in quantifying risks not apparent for small rate changes. Examples of such risks may include out-of-the-money interest rate caps (or limits) on loans, which have little effect under small rate movements but may become important if large rate changes were to occur, or substantial prepayment deceleration for low rate mortgages in a higher rate environment.

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The following schedule presents the formal EVE limits adopted by the Company. Exceptions to the EVE limits are subject to notification and approval by the ROC. In the normal course of business, the Company evaluated its limits and made changes to reflect its current balance sheet management objectives. These changes are reflected in the following schedule.

ECONOMIC VALUE OF EQUITY DECLINE LIMITS
Parallel change in interest rates
 
Trigger decline in EVE
 
Risk capacity decline in EVE
 
 
 
 
 
+/- 200 bps
 
8
%
 
10
%
 +/- 400 bps
 
21
%
 
25
%

New Interest Rate Risk Model and Comparisons
In the first quarter of 2015, we adopted a new model to estimate the impact to net interest income and to EVE from changes in interest rates. We made the change because the new model is believed to better reflect customer behavior, particularly with regard to dynamic prepayment speeds (i.e., incrementally slower prepayment speeds on mortgages with incrementally higher interest rate changes) and deposit characteristics (i.e., faster deposit product migration to interest-bearing accounts for larger deposit balances). We ran both models in parallel for several months and members of ALCO scrutinized the results. Additionally, rigorous statistical validation of the new model was conducted prior to its adoption.

Regardless of the model used, estimating the impact on net interest income and EVE requires that we assess a number of variables and make various assumptions in managing our exposure to changes in interest rates. The assessments address deposit withdrawals and deposit product migration (e.g., customers moving money from checking accounts to certificates of deposit), competitive pricing (e.g., existing loans and deposits are assumed to roll into new loans and deposits at similar spreads relative to benchmark interest rates), loan and security prepayments, and the effects of other similar embedded options. As a result of uncertainty about the maturity and repricing characteristics of both deposits and loans, we estimate ranges of possible net interest income and EVE results under a variety of assumptions and scenarios. The modeled results are highly sensitive to the assumptions used for deposits that do not have specific maturities, such as checking, savings and money market accounts, and also to prepayment assumptions used for loans with prepayment options. We use historical regression analysis as a guide to setting such assumptions; however, due to the current low interest rate environment, which has little historical precedent, estimated deposit durations may not reflect actual future results. Additionally, competition for funding in the marketplace has and may again result in changes of deposit pricing on interest-bearing accounts that is greater or less than changes in benchmark interest rates such as LIBOR or the federal funds rate.

Under most rising interest rate environments, we would expect some customers to move balances in demand deposits to interest-bearing accounts such as money market, savings, or CDs. The models are particularly sensitive to the assumption about the rate of such migration. In order to capture the sensitivity of our models to this risk, we estimate a range of possible outcomes for interest sensitivity under “fast” and “slow” movements of client funds out of noninterest-bearing deposits and into interest-bearing sources of funds.

In addition, we assume certain correlation rates, often referred to as a “deposit beta,” of interest-bearing deposits, wherein the rates paid to customers change at a different pace when compared to changes in benchmark interest rates. Generally, certificates of deposit are assumed to have a high correlation rate, while interest-on-checking accounts are assumed to have a lower correlation rate. Actual results may differ materially due to factors including competitive pricing, money supply, credit worthiness of the Company, and so forth; however, we use our historical experience as well as industry data to inform our assumptions.


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The aforementioned migration and correlation assumptions result in deposit durations presented in the following schedule:
 
 
September 30, 2015
 
 
Fast
 
Slow
Product
 
Effective duration (unchanged)
 
Effective duration (+200 bps)
 
Effective duration (unchanged)
 
Effective duration (+200 bps)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Demand deposits
 
2.0
%
 
1.3
%
 
2.5
%
 
2.0
%
Money market
 
1.5
%
 
1.2
%
 
1.9
%
 
1.6
%
Savings and interest on checking
 
2.7
%
 
1.9
%
 
3.2
%
 
2.6
%

As of the dates indicated and incorporating the assumptions previously described, the following schedule shows our estimated percentage change in net interest income, based on a static balance sheet size, in the first year after the interest rate change if interest rates were to sustain immediate parallel changes ranging from -100 bps to +300 bps.

INCOME SIMULATION – CHANGE IN NET INTEREST INCOME
 
 
September 30, 2015
 
 
Parallel shift in rates (in basis points)1
Repricing scenario
 
-100
 
0
 
+100
 
+200
 
+300
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fast
 
(2.9
)%
 
%
 
6.8
%
 
12.3
%
 
16.5
%
Slow
 
(3.1
)%
 
%
 
9.6
%
 
18.7
%
 
27.2
%
1 
Assumes rates cannot go below zero in the negative rate shift.

For comparative purposes, we applied the new model to the December 31, 2014 balances; these results are presented in the following schedule.
 
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
Parallel shift in rates (in basis points)1
Repricing scenario
 
-100
 
0
 
+100
 
+200
 
+300
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fast
 
(2.6
)%
 
%
 
7.8
%
 
14.1
%
 
18.7
%
Slow
 
(3.0
)%
 
%
 
10.7
%
 
20.7
%
 
29.6
%
1 
Assumes rates cannot go below zero in the negative rate shift.

The decrease in interest rate sensitivity was driven by purchases of securities, addition of swap contracts in which we receive a fixed rate, and the previously mentioned changes in modeled demand deposit behavior.

As of the dates indicated and incorporating the assumptions previously described, the following schedule shows our estimated percentage change in EVE under parallel interest rate changes ranging from -100 bps to +300 bps.

CHANGES IN ECONOMIC VALUE OF EQUITY
 
 
September 30, 2015
Repricing scenario
 
-100 bps
 
0 bps
 
+100 bps
 
+200 bps
 
+300 bps
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fast
 
2.7
%
 
%
 
1.3
%
 
0.7
%
 
(1.4
)%
Slow
 
1.6
%
 
%
 
4.4
%
 
7.3
%
 
8.8
 %


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For comparative purposes, we applied the new model to the December 31, 2014 balances; these results are presented in the following schedule.
 
 
December 31, 2014
Repricing scenario
 
-100 bps
 
0 bps
 
+100 bps
 
+200 bps
 
+300 bps
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fast
 
(0.8
)%
 
%
 
2.4
%
 
3.1
%
 
2.2
%
Slow
 
(2.4
)%
 
%
 
5.1
%
 
9.0
%
 
11.4
%

Market Risk – Fixed Income
We engage in the underwriting and trading of municipal securities. This trading activity exposes us to a risk of loss arising from adverse changes in the prices of these fixed income securities.

At September 30, 2015, we had a relatively small amount, $74 million, of trading assets and $30 million of securities sold, not yet purchased, compared with $71 million and $24 million, at December 31, 2014.

We are exposed to market risk through changes in fair value. We are also exposed to market risk for interest rate swaps used to hedge interest rate risk. Changes in the fair value of AFS securities and in interest rate swaps that qualify as cash flow hedges are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) for each financial reporting period. During the third quarter of 2015, the after-tax change in AOCI attributable to AFS and HTM securities was an increase of $11 million compared to a $26 million increase in the same prior year period.

Market Risk – Equity Investments
Through our equity investment activities, we own equity securities that are publicly traded. In addition, we own equity securities in companies and governmental entities, e.g., Federal Reserve Bank and FHLBs, that are not publicly traded. The accounting for equity investments may use the cost, fair value, equity, or full consolidation methods of accounting, depending on our ownership position and degree of involvement in influencing the investees’ affairs. Regardless of the accounting method, the value of our investment is subject to fluctuation. Because the fair value of these securities may fall below our investment costs, we are exposed to the possibility of loss. Equity investments in private and public companies are approved, monitored and evaluated by the Company’s Equity Investment Committee consisting of members of management.
We hold investments in pre-public companies through various predominantly SBIC venture capital funds. Our equity exposure to these investments was approximately $112 million at September 30, 2015 and $86 million at December 31, 2014.
Additionally, Amegy has an alternative investments portfolio. These investments are primarily directed towards equity buyout and mezzanine funds with a key strategy of deriving ancillary commercial banking business from the portfolio companies. Early stage venture capital funds are generally not a part of the strategy because the underlying companies are typically not creditworthy. The carrying value of Amegys equity investments was $25 million at September 30, 2015 and $38 million at December 31, 2014.
These PEIs are subject to the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act. The Volcker Rule of the Dodd-Frank Act, as published in December 2013 and amended in January 2014, prohibits banks and bank holding companies from holding PEIs beyond July 21, 2016, as currently extended, except for SBIC funds. The FRB has announced its intention to act in 2015 to grant an additional one-year extension to July 21, 2017. As of September 30, 2015, such prohibited PEIs amounted to $24 million, with an additional $8 million of unfunded commitments (see Notes 5 and 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information). We currently do not believe that this divestiture requirement will ultimately have a material impact on our financial statements.
Our earnings from these investments, and the potential volatility of these earnings, are expected to decline over the next several years and will ultimately cease.

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Liquidity Risk Management
Liquidity risk is the possibility that our cash flows may not be adequate to fund our ongoing operations and meet our commitments in a timely and cost-effective manner. Since liquidity risk is closely linked to both credit risk and market risk, many of the previously discussed risk control mechanisms also apply to the monitoring and management of liquidity risk. We manage our liquidity to provide adequate funds to meet our anticipated financial and contractual obligations, including withdrawals by depositors, debt and capital service requirements, and lease obligations, as well as to fund customers’ needs for credit. The management of liquidity and funding is performed centrally for the Parent and jointly by the Parent and bank management for its subsidiary banks.

Consolidated cash, interest-bearing deposits held as investments, and security resell agreements at the Parent and its subsidiaries decreased to $8.3 billion at September 30, 2015 from $9.7 billion at June 30, 2015, and $9.2 billion at December 31, 2014. The $0.9 billion decrease during the first nine months of 2015 resulted primarily from (1) an increase in investment securities, (2) repayment of long-term debt, (3) net loan originations and (4) dividends on common and preferred stock. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in deposits and net cash provided by operating activities.

During the first nine months of 2015, our AFS investment securities increased by $2.2 billion. This increase was primarily due to an increase in the purchases of short-to-medium duration agency guaranteed mortgage-backed securities, partially offset by the sale of the remaining portfolio of CDOs. We have been adding to our investment portfolio during the past several quarters as a result of the need for a permanent HQLA position in light of the new LCR rules and more broadly, to manage balance sheet liquidity more effectively. We expect to continue to deploy cash and short-term investments into HQLA in the next several quarters.

During the first nine months of 2015, we made cash payments totaling $164 million for our long-term debt which matured or were redeemed and did not incur any new long-term debt during the same time period. See Note 8 for additional detail about debt redemptions and maturities during the first nine months of 2015.
Liquidity Regulation
In September 2014, U.S. banking regulators issued a final rule that implements a quantitative liquidity requirement in the U.S. generally consistent with the LCR minimum liquidity measure established under the Basel III liquidity framework. Under this rule, we are subject to a modified LCR standard, which requires a financial institution to hold an adequate amount of unencumbered HQLA that can be converted into cash easily and immediately in private markets to meet our liquidity needs for a short-term liquidity stress scenario. This rule becomes applicable to us on January 1, 2016. We have calculated that if the rule were applicable to us now, we would be in compliance with the requirement to maintain a modified LCR of at least 100%.

We are required to and are conducting monthly liquidity stress tests as of January 2015. These tests incorporate scenarios designed by us subject to review by the FRB.

The Basel III liquidity framework includes a second minimum liquidity measure, the Net Stable Funding Ratio (“NSFR”), which requires a financial institution to maintain a stable funding profile in relation to the characteristics of its on- and off-balance sheet activities. On October 31, 2014, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision issued its final standards for this ratio, entitled Basel III: The Net Stable Funding Ratio. Based on this Basel III publication, we believe we would meet the minimum NSFR if such requirement were currently effective. However, the FRB has not yet proposed regulations to implement these Basel Committee standards. We continue to monitor these developments.

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Parent Company Liquidity
The Parent’s cash requirements consist primarily of debt service, investments in and advances to subsidiaries, operating expenses, income taxes, and dividends to preferred and common shareholders. The Parent’s cash needs are usually met through dividends from its subsidiaries, interest and investment income, subsidiaries’ proportionate share of current income taxes, and long-term debt and equity issuances.
Cash, interest-bearing deposits held as investments, and security resell agreements at the Parent were $1.1 billion at both September 30, 2015 and June 30, 2015, compared to $1.0 billion at December 31, 2014. This $0.1 billion increase resulted primarily from (1) dividends received from subsidiary banks on common and preferred stock, (2) an increase in security resell agreements, and (3) a decrease in investment securities. These increases were partially offset by debt and interest payments as well as dividends on our common and preferred stock.

At September 30, 2015, the Parent’s long-term debt maturities during the remainder of 2015 consist of $122 million carrying value of subordinated/convertible subordinated notes due on November 16, 2015. The Parent’s long-term debt maturities during 2016 consist of $89 million senior notes due on June 20, 2016.

See “Capital Management” for discussion regarding the tender offer of $180 million for certain of the Company’s preferred stock.

During the first nine months of 2015, the Parent received dividends on common stock and return of common equity totaling $125 million and dividends on preferred stock totaling $31 million from its subsidiary banks. During the first nine months of 2014, the Parent received $145 million from its subsidiaries for dividends on common stock and return of common equity and $36 million from dividends on preferred stock. The dividends that our subsidiary banks can pay to the Parent are restricted by current and historical earning levels, retained earnings, and risk-based and other regulatory capital requirements and limitations. During the first nine months of 2015, all of our subsidiary banks recorded a profit. We expect that this profitability will be sustained, thus permitting continued payments of dividends by the subsidiaries to the Parent. As discussed in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we have announced certain efficiency and restructuring initiatives that included, among other things, the mergers of our seven subsidiary banks into Zions Bank, whose name will be changed to ZB, N.A. The Company has received approvals from the OCC and the FDIC and expects to complete the mergers following the close of business on December 31, 2015. After completion of these mergers, the single charter bank dividend capacity to the Parent may change.
General financial market and economic conditions impact our access to, and cost of, external financing. Access to funding markets for the Parent and subsidiary banks is also directly affected by the credit ratings received from various rating agencies. The ratings not only influence the costs associated with the borrowings, but can also influence the sources of the borrowings. The debt ratings and outlooks issued by the various rating agencies for the Company did not change during the first nine months of 2015, except Moody’s upgraded the Company’s subordinated debt to Ba1 from Ba2 and revised its outlook to positive from stable. Standard & Poor’s, Fitch, Dominion Bond Rating Service, and Kroll all rate the Company’s senior debt at an investment-grade level, while Moody’s rates the Company’s senior debt as Ba1 (one notch below investment-grade). In addition, all of the previously mentioned rating agencies, except Kroll, rate the Company’s subordinated debt as noninvestment-grade.

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The following schedule presents the Parent’s balance sheets as of September 30, 2015, December 31, 2014, and September 30, 2014.
PARENT ONLY CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
September 30,
2014
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks
$
2,132

 
$
2,023

 
$
2,008

Interest-bearing deposits
478,136

 
1,007,916

 
872,543

Security resell agreements
650,000

 

 

Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity, at adjusted cost (approximate fair value of $0, $34,691 and $36,277)

 
17,292

 
17,307

Available-for-sale, at fair value
45,889

 
130,964

 
208,009

Other noninterest-bearing investments
27,512

 
29,091

 
29,164

Investments in subsidiaries:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial banks and bank holding company
7,194,426

 
6,995,000

 
6,964,420

Other operating companies
27,800

 
22,948

 
23,885

Nonoperating – ZMFU II, Inc. 1
44,948

 
44,792

 
44,808

Receivables from subsidiaries:
 
 
 
 
 
Other operating companies
6,060

 
15,060

 
10,060

Other assets
78,044

 
106,224

 
190,166

 
$
8,554,947

 
$
8,371,310

 
$
8,362,370

 
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
$
122,485

 
$
85,275

 
$
101,944

Subordinated debt to affiliated trusts
15,464

 
15,464

 
15,464

Long-term debt:
 
 
 
 
 
Due to affiliates
50

 
20

 
76

Due to others
778,853

 
901,021

 
922,727

Total liabilities
916,852

 
1,001,780

 
1,040,211

Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock
1,004,159

 
1,004,011

 
1,004,006

Common stock
4,756,288

 
4,723,855

 
4,717,295

Retained earnings
1,894,623

 
1,769,705

 
1,711,785

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(16,975
)
 
(128,041
)
 
(110,927
)
Total shareholders’ equity
7,638,095

 
7,369,530

 
7,322,159

 
$
8,554,947

 
$
8,371,310

 
$
8,362,370

1 
ZMFU II, Inc. is a wholly-owned nonoperating subsidiary whose sole purpose is to hold a portfolio of municipal bonds, loans and leases.
The Parent’s cash payments for interest, reflected in operating expenses, decreased to $33 million during the first nine months of 2015 from $80 million during the first nine months of 2014 due to continued maturity and repayment of debt. The Parent’s cash payments for interest are expected to continue to decrease over the next several quarters as a result of scheduled debt maturities and repayments. Additionally, the Parent paid approximately $80 million and $71 million of total dividends on preferred stock and common stock for the same periods.
At September 30, 2015, maturities of the Parent’s long-term senior and subordinated debt ranged from November 2015 to September 2028.

Subsidiary Bank Liquidity
The subsidiary banks’ primary source of funding is their core deposits, consisting of demand, savings and money market deposits, and time deposits under $250,000. On a consolidated basis, the Company’s loan to total deposit ratio decreased to 82.0% at September 30, 2015, compared to 83.7% at December 31, 2014 and 85.9% at September 30, 2014.

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Total deposits increased by $1.1 billion to $48.9 billion at September 30, 2015, compared to $47.8 billion at December 31, 2014, primarily due to a $1.0 billion increase in noninterest-bearing demand deposits. This increase was partially offset by a $191 million decrease in time deposits.

The FHLB system and Federal Reserve Banks have been and are a source of back-up liquidity, and from time to time, have been a significant source of funding for each of our subsidiary banks. Zions Bank and TCBW are members of the FHLB of Seattle. CB&T, NSB, and NBAZ are members of the FHLB of San Francisco. Vectra is a member of the FHLB of Topeka and Amegy Bank is a member of the FHLB of Dallas. The FHLB allows member banks to borrow against their eligible loans to satisfy liquidity and funding requirements. The subsidiary banks are required to invest in FHLB and Federal Reserve stock to maintain their borrowing capacity. We do not believe that the subsidiary bank mergers will adversely impact bank liquidity.

At September 30, 2015, the amount available for additional FHLB and Federal Reserve borrowings was approximately $16.2 billion. The amount available for additional FHLB and Federal Reserve borrowings is not expected to decrease as a result of the subsidiary bank mergers. Loans with a carrying value of approximately $22.3 billion at September 30, 2015, $22.4 billion at June 30, 2015, and $22.5 billion at December 31, 2014, have been pledged at the Federal Reserve and various FHLBs as collateral for current and potential borrowings. During the second quarter of 2015, we repaid our outstanding $22 million of long-term borrowings with the FHLB. We had no short-term FHLB or Federal Reserve borrowings outstanding at September 30, 2015, which was unchanged from December 31, 2014. At September 30, 2015, the subsidiary banks’ total investment in FHLB and Federal Reserve stock was $68 million and $123 million, respectively, compared to $104 million and $121 million at December 31, 2014.

Our investment activities can provide or use cash, depending on the asset liability management posture taken. During the first nine months of 2015, HTM and AFS investment securities’ activities resulted in a net increase in investment securities and a net $2.1 billion decrease in cash, compared with a net $273 million increase in cash for the first nine months of 2014, reflecting our purchase of HQLAs.

Maturing balances in our subsidiary banks’ loan portfolios also provide additional flexibility in managing cash flows. Lending and purchase activity for the first nine months of 2015 resulted in a net cash outflow of $75 million compared to a net cash outflow of $739 million for the first nine months of 2014.

A more comprehensive discussion of our liquidity management is contained in our 2014 Annual Report on
Form 10-K.

Operational Risk Management
Operational risk is the risk to current or anticipated earnings or capital arising from inadequate or failed internal processes or systems, human errors or misconduct, or adverse external events. In our ongoing efforts to identify and manage operational risk, we have an Enterprise Risk Management department whose responsibility is to help employees, management and the Board of Directors to assess, understand, measure, and monitor risk in accordance with our Risk Appetite Framework. We have documented both controls and the Control Self-Assessment related to financial reporting under the 2013 framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991.

To manage and minimize our operational risk, we have in place transactional documentation requirements; systems and procedures to monitor transactions and positions; systems and procedures to detect and mitigate attempts to commit fraud, penetrate our systems or telecommunications, access customer data, and/or deny normal access to those systems to our legitimate customers; regulatory compliance reviews; and periodic reviews by the Company’s Internal Audit and Credit Examination departments. Reconciliation procedures have been established to ensure that data processing systems consistently and accurately capture critical data. Further, we undertake significant efforts to

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maintain contingency and business continuity plans for operational support in the event of natural or other disasters. We also mitigate operational risk through the purchase of insurance, including errors and omissions and professional liability insurance.

We are continually improving our oversight of operational risk, including enhancement of risk identification, risk and control self-assessments, and antifraud measures, which are reported on a regular basis to two management committees. The Operational Risk Committee reports to the Enterprise Risk Management Committee, which reports to the ROC.

The number and sophistication of attempts to disrupt or penetrate our critical systems, sometimes referred to as hacking, cyberfraud, cyberattacks, cyberterrorism, or other similar names, also continue to grow. On a daily basis, the Company, its customers, and other financial institutions are subject to a large number of such attempts. We have established systems and procedures to monitor, thwart or mitigate damage from such attempts. However, in some instances we, or our customers, have been victimized by cyberfraud (our related losses have not been material), or some of our customers have been temporarily unable to routinely access our online systems as a result of, for example, distributed denial of service attacks. We continue to review this area of our operations to help ensure that it manages this risk in an effective manner.

CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
We believe that a strong capital position is vital to continued profitability and to promoting depositor and investor confidence.

Capital Plan and Stress Tests
As a bank holding company with assets greater than $50 billion, we are required by the Dodd-Frank Act to participate in annual stress tests known as the Dodd-Frank Act Stress Test (“DFAST”) and Federal Reserve’s Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (“CCAR”). We timely submitted our 2015 capital plan and stress test results to the FRB on January 5, 2015. In our capital plan, we were required to forecast under a variety of economic scenarios for nine quarters ending the fourth quarter of 2016 our estimated regulatory capital ratios, including our tier 1 common ratio under Basel I rules, our estimated regulatory capital ratios, including our Common Equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) ratio, under Basel III rules, and our GAAP tangible common equity ratio. During the second quarter of 2015, we completed our mid-cycle capital stress test as required under DFAST. The results demonstrated that we maintained sufficient capital to withstand a severe economic downturn. Detailed disclosure of the mid-cycle stress test results can be found on the Company’s website. Under the implementing regulations for CCAR, a bank holding company may generally raise and redeem capital, pay dividends, and repurchase stock and take similar capital-related actions only under a capital plan as to which the FRB has not objected.

On March 11, 2015, we announced that the Federal Reserve notified us that it did not object to the capital actions outlined in our 2015 capital plan. The plan included (1) the increase of the quarterly common dividend to $0.06 per share beginning in the second quarter of 2015; (2) the continued payment of preferred dividends at the current rates; and (3) up to $300 million in total reduction of preferred equity. As previously discussed, on October 19, 2015, we announced that we will deploy $180 million of cash through a tender offer to purchase certain outstanding preferred stock and depositary shares. We expect to redeem the remaining balance of the $300 million redemption included in our capital plan during the first half of 2016; however, the method and specific timing have not yet been determined. The ultimate determination of future preferred stock reductions will depend on a number of factors, including market conditions and the receptivity of preferred investors to the terms of any preferred stock redemption offers, as well as the effect of other steps we may explore as we seek to manage our capital in light of the most recent round of stress tests, any of which could result in a reduction or delay of further preferred equity reductions. We expect to manage any further reduction of preferred equity such that total tier 1 capital does not decline materially during the period covered by our CCAR 2015 capital plan.


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Basel III
The Basel III capital rules, which effectively replaced the Basel I rules, became effective for the Company on January 1, 2015 (subject to phase-in periods for certain of their components). In 2013, the FRB, FDIC, and OCC published final rules (the “Basel III Capital Rules”) establishing a new comprehensive capital framework for U.S. banking organizations. The rules implement the Basel Committee’s December 2010 framework, commonly referred to as Basel III, for strengthening international capital standards as well as certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act. The Basel III capital rules substantially revised the risk-based capital requirements applicable to bank holding companies and depository institutions, including the Company, compared to the Basel I U.S. risk-based capital rules.

Under prior Basel I capital standards, the effects of AOCI items included in capital were excluded for purposes of determining regulatory capital and capital ratios. As a “non-advanced approaches banking organization,” we made a one-time permanent election as of January 1, 2015 to continue to exclude these items, as allowed under the Basel III Capital Rules.

We met all capital adequacy requirements under the Basel III Capital Rules based upon a 2015 phase-in as of September 30, 2015, and believe that we would meet all capital adequacy requirements on a fully phased-in basis if such requirements were currently effective.

A detailed discussion of Basel III requirements, including implications for the Company, is contained on page 8 in “Supervision and Regulation” under Part 1, Item 1 in our 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Capital Management Actions
Total shareholders’ equity increased by $269 million to $7.6 billion at September 30, 2015 from $7.4 billion at December 31, 2014. The increase in total shareholders’ equity is primarily due to net income of $207 million and to the sale of the Company’s remaining portfolio of CDO securities, which was the primary driver of the $111 million increase in AOCI, partially offset by $81 million of dividends recorded on preferred and common stock.

Our quarterly dividend on common stock remained at $0.06 per share during the third quarter of 2015. The dividend rate was increased to $0.06 per share during the second quarter of 2015 from $0.04 per share paid since the second quarter of 2013. We paid $32.8 million in dividends on common stock during the first nine months of 2015, compared to $23.1 million during the first nine months of 2014. During its October 2015 meeting, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.06 per common share payable on November 25, 2015 to shareholders of record on November 18, 2015.

We recorded dividends on preferred stock of $48.6 million and $56.8 million for the first nine months of 2015 and 2014, respectively. Dividends on preferred stock recorded in the first nine months of 2015 and 2014 included accruals of $1.7 million and $8.7 million, respectively. Our 2015 capital plan, to which the Federal Reserve did not object, includes the reduction of up to $300 million in preferred stock. See discussion under “Capital Plan and Stress Tests” following. On October 19, 2015, we announced the commencement of a $180 million cash tender offer to purchase certain outstanding preferred stock and depositary shares. The ultimate amount purchased will be determined by the success of the tender offer, which will expire on November 16, 2015. Depending upon the total amount and mix of series of preferred stock purchased from this offer, preferred stock dividends during 2016 may be reduced by approximately $10 million.

Capital Ratios
Banking organizations are required by capital regulations to maintain adequate levels of capital as measured by several regulatory capital ratios.

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The following schedule shows the Company’s capital and performance ratios as of September 30, 2015, December 31, 2014, and September 30, 2014.
CAPITAL RATIOS
 
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
September 30,
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tangible common equity ratio
9.76
%
 
9.48
%
 
9.70
%
Tangible equity ratio
11.51
%
 
11.27
%
 
11.54
%
Average equity to average assets (three months ended)
13.11
%
 
13.21
%
 
12.87
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basel III risk-based capital ratios1:
 
 
 
 
 
Common equity tier 1 capital
12.16%
 
 
 
 
Tier 1 leverage
11.63%
 
 
 
 
Tier 1 risk-based
14.41%
 
 
 
 
Total risk-based
16.46%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basel I risk-based capital ratios:
 
 
 
 
 
Tier 1 common
 
 
11.92
%
 
11.86
%
Tier 1 leverage
 
 
11.82
%
 
11.87
%
Tier 1 risk-based
 
 
14.47
%
 
14.43
%
Total risk-based
 
 
16.27
%
 
16.28
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on average common equity (three months ended)
5.02
%
 
4.06
%
 
5.05
%
Tangible return on average tangible common equity (three months ended)
6.05
%
 
4.95
%
 
6.19
%
 
1 
Basel III capital ratios became effective January 1, 2015 and are based upon a 2015 phase-in.

At September 30, 2015, Basel III regulatory tier 1 risk-based capital and total risk-based capital was $6.7 billion and $7.6 billion, respectively. Basel I regulatory tier 1 risk-based capital and total risk-based capital at December 31, 2014 was $6.6 billion and $7.4 billion, respectively.

A more comprehensive discussion of our capital management is contained in our 2014 Annual Report on
Form 10-K.

GAAP to NON-GAAP RECONCILIATIONS

1. Basel I tier 1 common capital
The Basel I capital rules were replaced by the new Basel III capital rules that became effective for the Company on January 1, 2015 (subject to phase-in periods for certain of their components). The Basel III capital rules include the CET1 capital ratio, which is the core capital component of the Basel III rules and a key ratio considered by regulators, investors and analysts. The calculation of the CET1 capital ratio, as defined under Basel III rules, is considered an acceptable ratio by GAAP for financial institutions and, accordingly, does not require reconciliation to GAAP.
There is a difference in the calculation of the CET1 capital ratio under Basel III rules and the calculation of the tier 1 common (“T1C”) capital ratio under Basel I rules. We present the calculation of key regulatory capital ratios, including the T1C capital ratio, using the governing definition at the end of each quarter, taking into account applicable phase-in rules.
While we were subject to Basel I capital rules prior to 2015, the Federal Reserve and other banking regulators assessed a bank’s capital adequacy based on tier 1 capital, the calculation of which was codified in federal banking regulations. However, Basel I rules did not include a definition for T1C capital and thus it was considered a non-GAAP measure requiring reconciliation to GAAP. The following schedule provides a reconciliation for prior

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periods of total shareholders’ equity (GAAP) to tier 1 capital (regulatory at the subject dates) and to T1C capital (non-GAAP) using Basel I U.S. regulatory treatment, and the resulting T1C capital ratio.
BASEL I TIER 1 COMMON CAPITAL (NON-GAAP)
(Amounts in millions)
December 31,
2014
 
September 30,
2014
 
 
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity (GAAP)
$
7,370

 
$
7,322

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
128

 
111

Nonqualifying goodwill and intangibles
(1,040
)
 
(1,043
)
Other regulatory adjustments
(1
)
 
(1
)
Qualifying trust preferred securities
163

 
163

Tier 1 capital (regulatory)
6,620

 
6,552

Qualifying trust preferred securities
(163
)
 
(163
)
Preferred stock
(1,004
)
 
(1,004
)
Tier 1 common capital (non-GAAP)
$
5,453

 
$
5,385

 
 
 
 
Risk-weighted assets (regulatory)
$
45,738

 
$
45,409

Tier 1 common capital to risk-weighted assets (non-GAAP)
11.92
%
 
11.86
%
2. Tangible return on average tangible common equity
This Form 10-Q presents “tangible return on average tangible common equity” which excludes, net of tax, the amortization of core deposit and other intangibles from net earnings applicable to common shareholders, and average goodwill and core deposit and other intangibles from average common equity.
The following schedule provides a reconciliation of net earnings applicable to common shareholders (GAAP) to net earnings applicable to common shareholders, excluding net of tax, the effects of amortization of core deposit and other intangibles (non-GAAP), and average common equity (GAAP) to average tangible common equity (non-GAAP).
TANGIBLE RETURN ON AVERAGE TANGIBLE COMMON EQUITY (NON-GAAP)
 
 
Three Months Ended
(Amounts in thousands)
 
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
September 30,
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net earnings applicable to common shareholders (GAAP)
 
$
84,238

 
$
66,761

 
$
79,127

Adjustment, net of tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of core deposit and other intangibles
 
1,461

 
1,676

 
1,690

Net earnings applicable to common shareholders, excluding the effects of the adjustment, net of tax (non-GAAP)
(a)
$
85,699

 
$
68,437


$
80,817

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average common equity (GAAP)
 
$
6,655,513

 
$
6,521,187

 
$
6,221,344

Average goodwill
 
(1,014,129
)
 
(1,014,129
)
 
(1,014,129
)
Average core deposit and other intangibles
 
(19,726
)
 
(26,848
)
 
(29,535
)
Average tangible common equity (non-GAAP)
(b)
$
5,621,658

 
$
5,480,210

 
$
5,177,680

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of days in quarter
(c)
92

 
92

 
92

Number of days in year
(d)
365

 
365

 
365

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tangible return on average tangible common equity (non-GAAP)
(a/b/c*d)
6.05
%
 
4.95
%
 
6.19
%
3. Total shareholders’ equity to tangible equity and tangible common equity
This Form 10-Q presents “tangible equity” and “tangible common equity” which excludes goodwill and core deposit and other intangibles for both measures and preferred stock for tangible common equity.

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The following schedule provides a reconciliation of total shareholders’ equity (GAAP) to both tangible equity (non-GAAP) and tangible common equity (non-GAAP).

TANGIBLE EQUITY (NON-GAAP) AND TANGIBLE COMMON EQUITY (NON-GAAP)
(Amounts in millions)
 
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
 
September 30,
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity (GAAP)
 
$
7,638

 
$
7,370

 
$
7,322

Goodwill
 
(1,014
)
 
(1,014
)
 
(1,014
)
Core deposit and other intangibles
 
(19
)
 
(26
)
 
(28
)
Tangible equity (non-GAAP)
(a)
6,605

 
6,330

 
6,280

Preferred stock
 
(1,004
)
 
(1,004
)
 
(1,004
)
Tangible common equity (non-GAAP)
(b)
$
5,601

 
$
5,326

 
$
5,276

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets (GAAP)
 
$
58,411

 
$
57,209

 
$
55,459

Goodwill
 
(1,014
)
 
(1,014
)
 
(1,014
)
Core deposit and other intangibles
 
(19
)
 
(26
)
 
(28
)
Tangible assets (non-GAAP)
(c)
$
57,378

 
$
56,169

 
$
54,417

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tangible equity ratio
(a/c)
11.51
%
 
11.27
%
 
11.54
%
Tangible common equity ratio
(b/c)
9.76
%
 
9.48
%
 
9.70
%
4. Efficiency ratio
This Form 10-Q presents an “efficiency ratio” whose calculation includes adjustments for certain line items and amounts in noninterest expense and noninterest income. The following schedule provides a reconciliation of noninterest expense (GAAP), taxable-equivalent net interest income (GAAP) and noninterest income (GAAP) to the efficiency ratio (non-GAAP).
EFFICIENCY RATIO
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest expense (GAAP)
(a)
$
396,149

 
$
438,536

 
$
1,197,710

 
$
1,242,626

Adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Severance costs
 
3,464

 
4,919

 
7,424

 
6,897

Other real estate expense, net
 
(40
)
 
875

 
(111
)
 
2,216

Provision for unfunded lending commitments
 
1,428

 
(16,095
)
 
313

 
(10,328
)
Debt extinguishment cost
 

 
44,422

 
2,395

 
44,422

Amortization of core deposit and other intangibles
 
2,298

 
2,665

 
6,974

 
8,283

Restructuring costs
 
833

 

 
1,483

 

Total adjustments
 
7,983

 
36,786

 
18,478

 
51,490

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Add-back of adjustments
(b)
(7,983
)
 
(36,786
)
 
(18,478
)
 
(51,490
)
Adjusted noninterest expense (non-GAAP)
(a+b)=(c)
$
388,166

 
$
401,750

 
$
1,179,232

 
$
1,191,136

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable-equivalent net interest income (GAAP)
(d)
$
429,782

 
$
420,850

 
$
1,279,378

 
$
1,261,357

Noninterest income (GAAP)
(e)
130,813

 
116,071

 
253,056

 
379,234

Adjustments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value and nonhedge derivative income (loss)
 
(1,555
)
 
44

 
(799
)
 
(10,429
)
Equity securities gains, net
 
3,630

 
440

 
11,822

 
3,865

Fixed income securities gains (losses), net
 
(53
)
 
(13,901
)
 
(138,728
)
 
22,039

Total adjustments
 
2,022

 
(13,417
)
 
(127,705
)
 
15,475

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Add-back of adjustments
(f)
(2,022
)
 
13,417

 
127,705

 
(15,475
)
Adjusted taxable-equivalent net interest income and noninterest income (non-GAAP)
(d+e+f)=(g)
$
558,573

 
$
550,338

 
$
1,660,139

 
$
1,625,116

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Efficiency ratio
(c/g)
69.5
%
 
73.0
%
 
71.0
%
 
73.3
%

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ZIONS BANCORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

For items 2, 3 and 4, the identified adjustments to reconcile from the applicable GAAP financial measures to the non-GAAP financial measures are included where applicable in financial results or in the balance sheet presented in accordance with GAAP. We consider these adjustments to be relevant to ongoing operating results and financial position.
We believe that excluding the amounts associated with these adjustments to present the non-GAAP financial measures provides a meaningful base for period-to-period and company-to-company comparisons, which will assist regulators, investors, and analysts in analyzing our operating results or financial position and in predicting future performance. These non-GAAP financial measures are used by management to assess the performance of the Company’s business or its financial position for evaluating bank reporting segment performance, for presentations of our performance to investors, and for other reasons as may be requested by investors and analysts. We further believe that presenting these non-GAAP financial measures will permit investors and analysts to assess our performance on the same basis as that applied by management.
Non-GAAP financial measures have inherent limitations, are not required to be uniformly applied, and are not audited. Although these non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by stakeholders to evaluate a company, they have limitations as an analytical tool, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of results reported under GAAP.

ITEM 3.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Interest rate and market risks are among the most significant risks regularly undertaken by us, and they are closely monitored as previously discussed. A discussion regarding our management of interest rate and market risk is included in the section entitled “Interest Rate and Market Risk Management” in this Form 10-Q.

ITEM 4.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2015. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2015. There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the third quarter of 2015 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.
OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The information contained in Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated by reference herein.

ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
We believe there have been no material changes in the risk factors included in Zions Bancorporation’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K. However, the following is updated risk factor disclosure related to certain management actions:

We are making significant changes to the Company that include, among other things, the combination of certain of our subsidiary companies into a single entity, other organizational restructurings, efficiency initiatives, and replacement or upgrades of certain core technological systems. The ultimate success and completion of these changes, and their effect on the Company, may vary significantly from initial planning, which could materially adversely affect the Company, including its control environment, operating efficiency, and results of operations.


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During 2013, our Board of Directors approved a significant investment by us to replace our loan and deposit systems and to upgrade our accounting systems. The new integrated system for most of our loans and deposits is expected to employ technology that is a significant improvement over our current systems. In addition, we are implementing operational changes relating to our loan and deposit activities. These initiatives will be completed in phases to allow for appropriate testing and implementation so as to minimize time delays and cost overruns. In June of this year, the Company announced that our Board of Directors approved the consolidation of our seven subsidiary banks and our service company into a single bank. The Company also decided to make other organizational changes such as the realignment of management responsibilities and the rationalization of support functions, including accounting and risk, and back office operations. Also in June of this year, management announced certain efficiency initiatives to improve operating results and return on equity.

These changes continue to be developed and some are in their early stages. By their very nature, projections of duration, cost, expected savings, expected efficiencies, and related items are subject to change and significant variability.

We may encounter significant adverse developments in the completion and implementation of these changes. These may include significant time delays, cost overruns, loss of key people, technological problems, processing failures, and other adverse developments. Our ability to attract key employees with appropriate talent to implement these changes may also be challenged. Further, our ability to maintain an adequate control environment may be impacted. Any or all of these issues could result in disruptions to our systems, processes, controls, procedures, and employees, which may adversely impact our customers and ability to conduct business.

We have plans and procedures designed to prevent or limit the negative effect of these adverse developments. However, there can be no assurance that any such adverse developments will not occur or, if they do occur, that they will be adequately remediated. The ultimate effect of any adverse development could damage our reputation, result in a loss of customer business, subject us to additional regulatory scrutiny, or expose us to civil litigation and possible financial liability, any of which could materially affect the Company, including its control environment, operating efficiency, and results of operations.

ITEM 2.
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
The following schedule summarizes the Company’s share repurchases for the third quarter of 2015:

SHARE REPURCHASES
Period
 
Total number
of shares
repurchased 1
 
Average
price paid
per share
 
Total number of shares
purchased as part of
publicly announced
plans or programs
 
Approximate dollar
value of shares that
may yet be purchased
under the plan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
July
 
 
545

 
 
$
31.76

 
 

 
 
 
$

 
August
 
 
22,176

 
 
30.83

 
 

 
 
 

 
September
 
 
1,012

 
 
28.24

 
 

 
 
 

 
Third quarter
 
 
23,733

 
 
30.74

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
1 
Represents common shares acquired from employees in connection with our stock compensation plan. Shares were acquired from employees to pay for their payroll taxes and stock option exercise cost upon the vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units, and the exercise of stock options, under provisions of an employee share-based compensation plan.


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ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS
a)Exhibits

Exhibit
Number
 
Description
 
 
 
 
 
3.1
 
Restated Articles of Incorporation of Zions Bancorporation dated July 8, 2014, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K/A filed on July 18, 2014.
*
 
 
 
 
3.2
 
Restated Bylaws of Zions Bancorporation dated February 27, 2015, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2015.
*
 
 
 
 
10.1
 
Sixth Amendment to Trust Agreement between Fidelity Management Trust Company and Zions Bancorporation for the Deferred Compensation Plans, dated August 17, 2015 (filed herewith).
 
 
 
 
 
10.2
 
Sixth Amendment to the Zions Bancorporation Payshelter 401(k) and Employee Stock Ownership Plan Trust Agreement between Zions Bancorporation and Fidelity Management Trust Company, dated August 17, 2015 (filed herewith).
 
 
 
 
 
31.1
 
Certification by Chief Executive Officer required by Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).
 
 
 
 
 
31.2
 
Certification by Chief Financial Officer required by Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).
 
 
 
 
 
32
 
Certification by Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer required by Sections 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (furnished herewith).
 
 
 
 
 
101
 
Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014 and the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014 and the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014 and the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014, and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (filed herewith).
 
* Incorporated by reference


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

    
 
ZIONS BANCORPORATION
 
/s/ Harris H. Simmons
Harris H. Simmons, Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer
 
/s/ Paul E. Burdiss
Paul E. Burdiss, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date: November 6, 2015

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