UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K


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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009

OR

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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                         to                        

Commission file number 1-11840

THE ALLSTATE CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware   36-3871531
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

2775 Sanders Road, Northbrook, Illinois    60062
(Address of principal executive offices)         (Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (847) 402-5000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
 
Name of each exchange
on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share   New York Stock Exchange
Chicago Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

        Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes    X                               No         

        Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes                                     No    X   

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes    X                               No         

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes    X                               No         

        Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.       X   

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer    X      Accelerated filer         

Non-accelerated filer          (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

Smaller reporting company         

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes                                     No    X   

        The aggregate market value of the common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the closing price as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, June 30, 2009, was approximately $13.01 billion.

        As of February 1, 2010, the registrant had 536,571,250 shares of common stock outstanding.

Documents Incorporated By Reference

        Portions of the following documents are incorporated herein by reference as follows:

        Part III of this Form 10-K incorporates by reference certain information from the registrant's definitive proxy statement for its annual stockholders meeting to be held on May 18, 2010 (the "Proxy Statement") to be filed not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
   
  Page

PART I

   

Item 1.

 

Business

  1

 

        Goals

  1

 

        Allstate Protection Segment

  1

 

        Allstate Financial Segment

  3

 

        Other Business Segments

  5

 

        Reserve for Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense

  5

 

        Regulation

  9

 

        Internet Website

  12

 

        Other Information about Allstate

  12

 

        Executive Officers

  13

Item 1A.

 

Risk Factors

  14

Item 1B.

 

Unresolved Staff Comments

  24

Item 2.

 

Properties

  24

Item 3.

 

Legal Proceedings

  24

Item 4.

 

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

  24

PART II

   

Item 5.

 

Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholders Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

  25

Item 6.

 

Selected Financial Data

  26

Item 7.

 

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

  27

Item 7A.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

  118

Item 8.

 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

  118

Item 9.

 

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

  200

Item 9A.

 

Controls and Procedures

  200

Item 9B.

 

Other Information

  200

PART III

   

Item 10.

 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

  201

Item 11.

 

Executive Compensation

  201

Item 12.

 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

  202

Item 13.

 

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

  202

Item 14.

 

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

  202

PART IV

   

Item 15.

 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

  203

Signatures

  207

Financial Statement Schedules

  S-1


Part I

Item 1.  Business

       The Allstate Corporation was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on November 5, 1992 to serve as the holding company for Allstate Insurance Company. Its business is conducted principally through Allstate Insurance Company, Allstate Life Insurance Company and their affiliates (collectively, including The Allstate Corporation, "Allstate"). Allstate is primarily engaged in the personal property and casualty insurance business and the life insurance, retirement and investment products business. It conducts its business primarily in the United States.

       The Allstate Corporation is the largest publicly held personal lines insurer in the United States. Widely known through the "You're In Good Hands With Allstate®" slogan, Allstate is reinventing protection and retirement to help individuals in approximately 17 million households protect what they have today and better prepare for tomorrow. Customers can access Allstate products and services such as auto insurance and homeowners insurance through more than 14,000 exclusive Allstate agencies and financial representatives in the United States and Canada. Allstate is the 2nd largest personal property and casualty insurer in the United States on the basis of 2008 statutory direct premiums earned. In addition, according to A.M. Best, it is the nation's 16th largest issuer of life insurance business on the basis of 2008 ordinary life insurance in force and 17th largest on the basis of 2008 statutory admitted assets.

•       Allstate Protection

 

•       Discontinued Lines and Coverages

•       Allstate Financial

 

•       Corporate and Other

       To achieve its goals in 2010, Allstate is focused on three priorities: improve customer loyalty, reinvent protection and retirement for the consumer, and grow our businesses.

       In this annual report on Form 10-K, we occasionally refer to statutory financial information. All domestic United States insurance companies are required to prepare statutory-basis financial statements. As a result, industry data is available that enables comparisons between insurance companies, including competitors that are not subject to the requirement to prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). We frequently use industry publications containing statutory financial information to assess our competitive position.

ALLSTATE PROTECTION SEGMENT

Products and Distribution

       Our Allstate Protection segment accounted for about 93% of Allstate's 2009 consolidated insurance premiums and contract charges. In this segment, we sell principally private passenger auto and homeowners insurance, primarily through agencies. These products are marketed under the Allstate and Encompass® brand names. The Allstate Protection segment also includes a separate organization called Emerging Businesses which is comprised of Business Insurance (commercial products for small business owners), Consumer Household (specialty products including motorcycles, boats, renters and condominium insurance policies), Allstate Dealer Services (insurance and non-insurance products sold primarily to auto dealers), Allstate Roadside Services (retail and wholesale roadside assistance products) and Ivantage (insurance agency). We also participate in the involuntary or shared private passenger auto insurance business in order to maintain our licenses to do business in many states. In some states, Allstate exclusive agencies offer non-proprietary property insurance products.

       Allstate brand auto and homeowners insurance products are sold primarily through Allstate exclusive agencies and, to a lesser extent, through independent agencies in areas not served by exclusive agencies. Encompass brand auto and homeowners insurance products are sold through independent agencies.

       In most states, consumers can also purchase certain Allstate brand personal insurance, Emerging Business products, and obtain service through our direct channel that includes call centers and the internet.

       Total Allstate Protection premiums written were $25.97 billion in 2009. Our broad-based network of approximately 12,300 Allstate exclusive agencies in approximately 11,500 locations in the U.S. produced approximately 87% of the Allstate Protection segment's written premiums in 2009. The direct channel accounted for 2.4% of this total. The rest was generated primarily by approximately 4,300 independent agencies. We are among the six largest providers of personal property and casualty insurance products through independent agencies in the United States, based on statutory written premium information provided by A.M. Best for 2008.

1


Competition

       The markets for personal private passenger auto and homeowners insurance are highly competitive. The following charts provide the market shares of our principal competitors in the U.S. by direct written premium for the year ended December 31, 2008 (the most recent date such competitive information is available) according to A.M. Best.

Private Passenger Auto Insurance
  Homeowners Insurance
 
 
   
   
 
Insurer
  Market Share  
Insurer
  Market Share  

State Farm

    17.8 %

State Farm

    20.9 %

Allstate

    11.0 %

Allstate

    10.5 %

GEICO

    7.7 %

Farmers

    6.9 %

Progressive

    7.2 %

Liberty Mutual

    4.9 %

Farmers

    5.5 %

Nationwide

    4.7 %

Nationwide

    4.7 %

Travelers

    4.6 %

       

USAA

    4.0 %

       In the personal property and casualty insurance market, we compete principally on the basis of the recognition of our brands, the scope of our distribution system, price, the breadth of our product offerings, product features, customer service, claim handling, and use of technology. In addition, our proprietary database of underwriting and pricing experience enables Allstate to use pricing sophistication to more accurately price risks and to cross sell products within our customer base.

       Pricing sophistication and related underwriting and marketing programs use a number of risk evaluation factors. For auto insurance, these factors can include but are not limited to vehicle make, model and year; driver age and marital status; territory; years licensed; loss history; years insured with prior carrier; prior liability limits; prior lapse in coverage; and insurance scoring based on credit report information. For property insurance, these factors can include but are not limited to amount of insurance purchased; geographic location of the property; loss history; age and construction characteristics of the property; and insurance scoring based on credit report information.

       Our primary focus in using pricing sophistication methods has been on acquiring and retaining new business. The aim has been to enhance Allstate's competitive position with respect to "high lifetime value" market segments while maintaining or improving profitability. "Lifetime value" is the discounted value of a customer's future cash flow stream. To estimate a customer's lifetime value score, we analyze characteristics about the customer (for example, age, marital status, and driving record) and characteristics about the product the customer has purchased (for example, coverages, limits, and descriptors of the asset insured) on the basis of historic data patterns and trends. "High lifetime value" generally refers to customers who are homeowners with multiple autos to insure, who have better retention and more favorable loss experience, and thus potentially present more favorable prospects for profitability over the course of their relationships with us. We provide and continue to enhance a range of discounts to attract more high lifetime value customer segments. For example, we implemented a new auto discount for the high lifetime value customer segment. In many states, we also increased the discount our homeowners customers receive if they insure their automobiles with Allstate.

       Allstate® Your Choice Auto insurance allows qualified customers to choose from a variety of optional auto insurance packages at various prices. We believe that Allstate Your Choice Auto differentiates Allstate from its competitors and allows for increased growth and increased retention. Allstate® Your Choice Home allows qualified customers to choose from options such as a claim-free bonus and greater ability to tailor their own home insurance protection coverage. Allstate Blue® is our non-standard auto insurance product which offers features such as a loyalty bonus and roadside assistance coverage.

2


Geographic Markets

       The principal geographic markets for our auto, homeowners, and other personal property and casualty products are in the United States. Through various subsidiaries, we are authorized to sell various types of personal property and casualty insurance products in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. We also sell personal property and casualty insurance products in Canada through a distribution system similar to that used in the United States.

       The following table reflects, in percentages, the principal geographic distribution of premiums earned for the Allstate Protection segment for the year ended December 31, 2009, based on information contained in statements filed with state insurance departments. No other jurisdiction accounted for more than 5 percent of the premiums earned for the segment.

New York

    10.5 %

California

    9.8 %

Texas

    9.4 %

Florida

    8.2 %

Pennsylvania

    5.3 %

       We continue to take actions to support earning an acceptable return on the risks assumed in our property business and to reduce variability in our earnings, while providing quality protection to our customers. Accordingly, we expect to continue to adjust underwriting practices with respect to our property business in markets with significant catastrophe risk exposure.

Additional Information

       Information regarding the last three years' revenues and income from operations attributable to the Allstate Protection segment is contained in Note 18 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Note 18 also includes information regarding the last three years' identifiable assets attributable to our property-liability operations, which includes our Allstate Protection segment and our Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment. Note 18 is incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference.

       Information regarding the amount of premium earned for Allstate Protection segment products for the last three years is set forth in Part II, Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, page 47, in the table regarding premiums earned by brand. That table is incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference.

ALLSTATE FINANCIAL SEGMENT

Products and Distribution

       Our Allstate Financial segment provides life insurance, retirement and investment products, and voluntary accident and health insurance products. Our principal products are fixed annuities including deferred and immediate; interest-sensitive, traditional and variable life insurance; and voluntary accident and health insurance. Our institutional product line consists primarily of funding agreements sold to unaffiliated trusts that use them to back medium-term notes issued to institutional and individual investors. Banking products and services are also offered to customers through the Allstate Bank. The table on page 4 lists our major distribution channels for this segment, with the associated products and targeted customers.

       As the table indicates, we sell Allstate Financial products to individuals through multiple intermediary distribution channels, including Allstate exclusive agencies and exclusive financial specialists, independent agents, banks, broker-dealers, and specialized structured settlement brokers. We sell products through independent agents affiliated with approximately 150 master brokerage agencies. Independent workplace enrolling agents and Allstate exclusive agencies also sell our voluntary accident and health insurance products primarily to employees of unaffiliated businesses. We sell funding agreements to unaffiliated trusts used to back medium-term notes.

3


Allstate Financial Distribution Channels, Products and Target Customers

Distribution Channel
  Proprietary Products
  Target Customers

 

 

 

 

 
Allstate exclusive agencies
(Allstate Exclusive Agents and Allstate Exclusive Financial Specialists)
  Term life insurance
Interest-sensitive life insurance
Variable life insurance
Deferred fixed annuities (including indexed and market value adjusted "MVA")
Immediate fixed annuities
Bank products
    (Certificates of deposit, money market accounts, savings
    accounts, checking accounts and Allstate Agency loans)
Workplace life and voluntary accident and health insurance(4)
  Middle market(1), emerging affluent(2) and mass affluent consumers(3) with retirement and family financial protection needs

Independent agents
(through master brokerage agencies)

 

Term life insurance
Interest-sensitive life insurance
Variable life insurance
Deferred fixed annuities (including indexed and MVA)
Immediate fixed annuities

 

Emerging affluent and mass affluent consumers with retirement and financial protection needs

Independent agents
(as workplace enrolling agents)

 

Workplace life and voluntary accident and health insurance(4)

 

Middle market consumers with family financial protection needs employed by small, medium, and large size firms

Banks

 

Deferred fixed annuities (including indexed and MVA)
Single premium life insurance

 

Middle market and emerging affluent consumers with retirement needs

Broker-dealers

 

Deferred fixed annuities (including indexed and MVA)

 

Emerging affluent and mass affluent consumers with retirement needs

Structured settlement annuity brokers

 

Structured settlement annuities

 

Typically used to fund or annuitize large claims or litigation settlements

Broker-dealers
(Funding agreements)

 

Funding agreements backing medium-term notes

 

Institutional and individual investors

(1)
Consumers with $35,000-$75,000 in household income

(2)
Consumers with $75,000-$150,000 in household income

(3)
Consumers with greater than $150,000 in household income

(4)
Interest-sensitive and term life insurance; disability income insurance; cancer, accident, critical illness and heart/stroke insurance; hospital indemnity; limited benefit medical insurance; and dental insurance

       Allstate exclusive agencies and exclusive financial specialists also sell the following non-proprietary products in addition to Allstate Financial products: mutual funds, variable annuities, disability insurance, and long-term care insurance.

Competition

       We compete on a wide variety of factors, including the scope of our distribution systems, the type of our product offerings, the recognition of our brands, our financial strength and ratings, our differentiated product features and prices, and the level of customer service that we provide. With regard to funding agreements, we compete principally on the basis of our financial strength and ratings.

4


       The market for life insurance, retirement, and investment products continues to be highly fragmented and competitive. As of December 31, 2009, there were approximately 480 groups of life insurance companies in the United States, most of which offered one or more similar products. According to A.M. Best, as of December 31, 2008, the Allstate Financial segment is the nation's 16th largest issuer of life insurance and related business on the basis of 2008 ordinary life insurance in force and 17th largest on the basis of 2008 statutory admitted assets. In addition, because many of these products include a savings or investment component, our competition includes domestic and foreign securities firms, investment advisors, mutual funds, banks and other financial institutions. Competitive pressure continues to grow due to several factors, including cross marketing alliances between unaffiliated businesses, as well as consolidation activity in the financial services industry.

Geographic Markets

       We sell life insurance, retirement and investment, and voluntary accident and health insurance products throughout the United States. Through subsidiaries, we are authorized to sell various types of these products in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Guam. We also sell funding agreements in the United States.

       The following table reflects, in percentages, the principal geographic distribution of statutory premiums and annuity considerations for the Allstate Financial segment for the year ended December 31, 2009, based on information contained in statements filed with state insurance departments. No other jurisdiction accounted for more than 5 percent of the statutory premiums and annuity considerations.

California

    10.9 %

Florida

    9.2 %

Texas

    7.2 %

New York

    6.7 %

Additional Information

       Information regarding the last three years' revenues and income from operations attributable to the Allstate Financial segment is contained in Note 18 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Note 18 also includes information regarding the last three years' identifiable assets attributable to the Allstate Financial segment. Note 18 is incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference.

       Information regarding premiums and contract charges for Allstate Financial segment products for the last three years is set forth in Part II, Item 7 — Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, page 71, in the table that summarizes premiums and contract charges by product. That table is incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference.

OTHER BUSINESS SEGMENTS

       Our Corporate and Other segment is comprised of holding company activities and certain non-insurance operations. Note 18 of the Consolidated Financial Statements contains information regarding the revenues, income from operations, and identifiable assets attributable to our Corporate and Other segment over the last three years.

       Our Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment includes results from insurance coverage that we no longer write and results for certain commercial and other business in run-off. Our exposure to asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines claims arises in this segment. Note 18 of the Consolidated Financial Statements contains information for the last three years regarding revenues, income from operations, and identifiable assets attributable to our property-liability operations, which includes both our Allstate Protection segment and our Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment. Note 18 is incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference.

RESERVE FOR PROPERTY-LIABILITY CLAIMS AND CLAIMS EXPENSE

       The following information regarding reserves applies to all of our property-liability operations, encompassing both the Allstate Protection segment and the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment.

Reconciliation of Claims Reserves

       The following tables are summary reconciliations of the beginning and ending property-liability insurance claims and claims expense reserves, displayed individually for each of the last three years. The first table presents reserves on a gross (before reinsurance) basis. The end of year gross reserve balances are reflected in the Consolidated Statements

5



of Financial Position. The second table presents reserves on a net (after reinsurance) basis. The total net property-liability insurance claims and claims expense amounts are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

GROSS
($ in millions)
  Year Ended December 31,  
 
  2009   2008   2007  

Gross reserve for property-liability claims and claims expense, beginning of year

  $ 19,456   $ 18,865     $18,866  

Incurred claims and claims expense

                   
 

Provision attributable to the current year

    19,111     20,381     18,107  
 

Change in provision attributable to prior years

    50     303     (70 )
               
   

Total claims and claims expense

    19,161     20,684     18,037  

Claim payments

                   
 

Claims and claims expense attributable to current year

    12,002     12,941     11,026  
 

Claims and claims expense attributable to prior years

    7,448     7,152     7,012  
               
   

Total payments

    19,450     20,093     18,038  
               

Gross reserve for property-liability claims and claims expense, end of year as shown on the Loss Reserve Reestimates table

 
$

19,167
 
$

19,456
   
$18,865
 
               

 

NET
($ in millions)
  Year Ended December 31,  
 
  2009   2008   2007  

Net reserve for property-liability claims and claims expense, beginning of year

  $ 17,182   $ 16,660   $ 16,610  

Incurred claims and claims expense

                   
 

Provision attributable to the current year

    18,858     19,894     17,839  
 

Change in provision attributable to prior years

    (112 )   170     (172 )
               
   

Total claims and claims expense

    18,746     20,064     17,667  

Claim payments

                   
 

Claims and claims expense attributable to current year

    11,905     12,658     10,933  
 

Claims and claims expense attributable to prior years

    6,995     6,884     6,684  
               
   

Total payments

    18,900     19,542     17,617  
               

Net reserve for property-liability claims and claims expense, end of year as shown on the Loss Reserve Reestimates table(1)

 
$

17,028
 
$

17,182
 
$

16,660
 
               

(1)
Reserves for claims and claims expense are net of reinsurance of $2.14 billion, $2.27 billion and $2.21 billion at December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

       The year-end 2009 gross reserves of $19.17 billion for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense, as determined under GAAP, were $3.34 billion more than the net reserve balance of $15.83 billion recorded on the basis of statutory accounting practices for reports provided to state regulatory authorities. The principal differences are reinsurance recoverables from third parties totaling $2.14 billion that reduce reserves for statutory reporting but are recorded as assets for GAAP reporting, and a liability for the reserves of the Canadian subsidiaries for $0.94 billion. Remaining differences are due to variations in requirements between GAAP and statutory reporting.

       As the tables above illustrate, Allstate's net reserve for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense at the end of 2008 decreased in 2009 by $112 million, compared to reestimates of the gross reserves of an increase of $50 million. Net reserve reestimates in 2009, 2008 and 2007 were more favorable than the gross reserve reestimates due to reinsurance cessions.

6


Loss Reserve Reestimates

       The following Loss Reserve Reestimates table illustrates the change over time of the net reserves established for property-liability insurance claims and claims expense at the end of the last eleven calendar years. The first section shows the reserves as originally reported at the end of the stated year. The second section, reading down, shows the cumulative amounts paid as of the end of successive years with respect to that reserve liability. The third section, reading down, shows retroactive reestimates of the original recorded reserve as of the end of each successive year which is the result of Allstate's expanded awareness of additional facts and circumstances that pertain to the unsettled claims. The last section compares the latest reestimated reserve to the reserve originally established, and indicates whether the original reserve was adequate to cover the estimated costs of unsettled claims. The table also presents the gross reestimated liability as of the end of the latest reestimation period, with separate disclosure of the related reestimated reinsurance recoverable. The Loss Reserve Reestimates table is cumulative and, therefore, ending balances should not be added since the amount at the end of each calendar year includes activity for both the current and prior years. Unfavorable reserve reestimates are shown in this table in parentheses.

($ in millions)
  Loss Reserve Reestimates
December 31,
 
 
  1999   2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006   2007   2008   2009  

Gross Reserves for Unpaid Claims and Claims Expense

  $ 17,814   $ 16,859   $ 16,500   $ 16,690   $ 17,714   $ 19,338   $ 22,117   $ 18,866   $ 18,865   $ 19,456   $ 19,167  

Reinsurance Recoverable

   
1,653
   
1,634
   
1,667
   
1,672
   
1,734
   
2,577
   
3,186
   
2,256
   
2,205
   
2,274
   
2,139
 
                                               

Reserve For Unpaid Claims and Claims Expense

    16,161     15,225     14,833     15,018     15,980     16,761     18,931     16,610     16,660     17,182     17,028  

Paid (cumulative) as of:

                                                                   
 

One year later

    5,973     6,748     6,874     6,275     6,073     6,665     7,952     6,684     6,884     6,995        
 

Two years later

    9,055     10,066     9,931     9,241     9,098     9,587     11,293     9,957     9,852              
 

Three years later

    11,118     11,889     11,730     11,165     10,936     11,455     13,431     11,837                    
 

Four years later

    12,197     12,967     12,949     12,304     12,088     12,678     14,608                          
 

Five years later

    12,842     13,768     13,648     13,032     12,866     13,374                                
 

Six years later

    13,434     14,255     14,135     13,583     13,326                                      
 

Seven years later

    13,800     14,617     14,558     13,928                                            
 

Eight years later

    14,085     14,945     14,829                                                  
 

Nine years later

    14,358     15,157                                                        
 

Ten years later

    14,543                                                              

Reserve Reestimated as of:

                                                                   
 

End of year

    16,161     15,225     14,833     15,018     15,980     16,761     18,931     16,610     16,660     17,182     17,028  
 

One year later

    15,439     15,567     15,518     15,419     15,750     16,293     17,960     16,438     16,830     17,070        
 

Two years later

    15,330     15,900     16,175     15,757     15,677     16,033     17,876     16,633     17,174              
 

Three years later

    15,583     16,625     16,696     15,949     15,721     16,213     18,162     17,135                    
 

Four years later

    16,317     17,249     16,937     16,051     15,915     16,337     18,805                          
 

Five years later

    17,033     17,501     17,041     16,234     16,027     16,895                                
 

Six years later

    17,302     17,633     17,207     16,351     16,496                                      
 

Seven years later

    17,436     17,804     17,321     16,778                                            
 

Eight years later

    17,595     17,885     17,701                                                  
 

Nine years later

    17,665     18,205                                                        
 

Ten years later

    17,935                                                              

Initial reserve in excess of (less than) reestimated reserve:

                                                                   
 

Amount of reestimate

    (1,774 )   (2,980 )   (2,868 )   (1,760 )   (516 )   (134 )   126     (525 )   (514 )   112        
 

Percent

    (11.0 )%   (19.6 )%   (19.3 )%   (11.7 )%   (3.2 )%   (0.8 )%   0.7 %   (3.2 )%   (3.1 )%   0.7 %      

Gross Reestimated Liability-Latest

   
21,241
   
21,503
   
20,974
   
20,038
   
19,573
   
20,218
   
22,556
   
19,793
   
19,683
   
19,506
       

Reestimated Recoverable-Latest

    3,306     3,298     3,273     3,260     3,077     3,323     3,751     2,658     2,509     2,436        
                                                 

Net Reestimated Liability-Latest

    17,935     18,205     17,701     16,778     16,496     16,895     18,805     17,135     17,174     17,070        

Gross Cumulative Reestimate (Increase) Decrease

  $ (3,427 ) $ (4,644 ) $ (4,474 ) $ (3,348 ) $ (1,859 ) $ (880 ) $ (439 ) $ (927 ) $ (818 ) $ (50 )      
                                                 

7



($ in millions)
 

  Amount of Reestimates for Each Segment
December 31,
 
 
  1999   2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006   2007   2008  

Net Discontinued Lines and Coverages Reestimate

  $ (1,863 ) $ (1,854 ) $ (1,828 ) $ (1,597 ) $ (1,023 ) $ (388 ) $ (221 ) $ (89 ) $ (42 ) $ (24 )

Net Allstate Protection Reestimate

    89     (1,126 )   (1,040 )   (163 )   507     254     347     (436 )   (472 )   136  
                                           

Amount of Reestimate (Net)

  $ (1,774 ) $ (2,980 ) $ (2,868 ) $ (1,760 ) $ (516 ) $ (134 ) $ 126   $ (525 ) $ (514 ) $ 112  
                                           

       As shown in the above table, the subsequent cumulative increase in the net reserves established from December 31, 1999 to December 31, 2003 reflects additions to reserves in the Discontinued Lines and Coverages Segment, primarily for asbestos and environmental liabilities, which offset the effects of favorable severity trends experienced by Allstate Protection, as discussed more fully below. Since December 31, 2003 the subsequent cumulative changes in total have generally been favorable other than 2007 which was adversely impacted due to litigation filed in conjunction with a Louisiana deadline for filing suits related to Hurricane Katrina.

       The following table is derived from the Loss Reserve Reestimates table and summarizes the effect of reserve reestimates, net of reinsurance, on calendar year operations for the ten-year period ended December 31, 2009. The total of each column details the amount of reserve reestimates made in the indicated calendar year and shows the accident years to which the reestimates are applicable. The amounts in the total accident year column on the far right represent the cumulative reserve reestimates for the indicated accident year(s). Favorable reserve reestimates are shown in this table in parentheses.

($ in millions)
 

  Effect of Net Reserve Reestimates on
Calendar Year Operations

 
 
  2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005   2006   2007   2008   2009   TOTAL  

BY ACCIDENT YEAR

                                                                   

1999 & PRIOR

  $ (722 ) $ (109 ) $ 253   $ 734   $ 716   $ 269   $ 134   $ 159   $ 69   $ 271   $ 1,774  

2000

          451     80     (9 )   (92 )   (17 )   (2 )   12     11     49     483  

2001

                352     (68 )   (103 )   (11 )   (28 )   (5 )   33     59     229  

2002

                      (256 )   (183 )   (49 )   (2 )   18     3     47     (422 )

2003

                            (568 )   (265 )   (58 )   11     (4 )   43     (841 )

2004

                                  (395 )   (304 )   (14 )   12     90     (611 )

2005

                                        (711 )   (264 )   162     84     (729 )

2006

                                              (89 )   (91 )   (141 )   (321 )

2007

                                                    (25 )   (158 )   (183 )

2008

                                                          (456 )   (456 )
                                               

TOTAL

  $ (722 ) $ 342   $ 685   $ 401   $ (230 ) $ (468 ) $ (971 ) $ (172 ) $ 170   $ (112 ) $ (1,077 )
                                               

       In 2009, favorable prior year reserve reestimates were primarily due to Allstate Protection catastrophe losses that were less than anticipated in previous estimates. The shift of reserves to older accident years is attributable to a reallocation of reserves related to employee postretirement benefits to more accident years, and a reclassification of injury and 2008 non-injury reserves to older years.

       In 2008, unfavorable prior year reserve reestimates were primarily due to Allstate Protection catastrophe losses that were more than anticipated in previous estimates.

       In 2007, favorable prior year reserve reestimates were primarily due to Allstate Protection auto severity development that was less than what was anticipated in previous estimates. Decreased reserve reestimates for Allstate Protection more than offset increased reestimates of losses primarily related to environmental liabilities reported by the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment.

       In 2006, 2005 and 2004, favorable prior year reserve reestimates were primarily due to Allstate Protection auto injury severity and late reported loss development that was less than what was anticipated in previous reserve estimates and in 2006, also by catastrophe losses that were less than anticipated in previous estimates. Decreased reserve reestimates for Allstate Protection more than offset increased reestimates of losses primarily related to asbestos liabilities reported by the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment.

       In 2003, unfavorable prior year reserve reestimates were due to increases primarily related to asbestos and other discontinued lines, partially offset by favorable Allstate Protection auto injury severity and late reported loss development that was better than previous estimates.

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       In 2002, unfavorable prior year reserve reestimates were due to claim severity and late reported losses for Allstate Protection that were greater than what was anticipated in previous reserve estimates and to increased estimates of losses primarily related to asbestos and environmental liabilities in the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment.

       In 2001, unfavorable prior year reserve reestimates were due to greater volume of late reported weather related losses than expected from the end of the year 2000 which were reported in the year 2001, additional incurred losses on the 1994 Northridge earthquake, adverse results of class action and other litigation, upward reestimates of property losses and upward reestimates of losses in the Encompass and Canadian businesses.

       Favorable calendar year reserve reestimates in 2000 were the result of favorable severity trends in each year for Allstate Protection, which more than offset adverse reestimates in the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment, primarily for asbestos and environmental liabilities, virtually all of which relates to 1984 and prior years. The favorable severity trend during this period was primarily the result of favorable injury severity trends, as compared to our anticipated trends. Favorable injury severity trends were largely due to more moderate medical cost inflation and the mitigating effects of our loss management programs.

       For additional information regarding reserves, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves."

REGULATION

       Allstate is subject to extensive regulation, primarily at the state level. The method, extent, and substance of such regulation varies by state but generally has its source in statutes that establish standards and requirements for conducting the business of insurance and that delegate regulatory authority to a state regulatory agency. In general, such regulation is intended for the protection of those who purchase or use insurance products issued by our subsidiaries, not the holders of securities issued by The Allstate Corporation. These rules have a substantial effect on our business and relate to a wide variety of matters including insurance company licensing and examination, agent and adjuster licensing, price setting, trade practices, policy forms, accounting methods, corporate governance, the nature and amount of investments, claims practices, participation in shared markets and guaranty funds, reserve adequacy, insurer solvency, transactions with affiliates, the payment of dividends, and underwriting standards. Some of these matters are discussed in more detail below. For a discussion of statutory financial information, see Note 15 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. For a discussion of regulatory contingencies, see Note 13 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Notes 13 and 15 are incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference.

       In recent years, the state insurance regulatory framework has come under increased federal scrutiny. Legislation that would provide for increased federal regulation of insurance, including the federal chartering of insurance companies, has been proposed. Moreover, as part of an effort to strengthen the regulation of the financial services market, the federal government has proposed a set of regulatory reforms, including the establishment of an Office of National Insurance within the Treasury Department. The reforms could increase the regulation of large insurance conglomerates whose failure could pose a systemic risk to the financial system. In addition, state legislators and insurance regulators continue to examine the appropriate nature and scope of state insurance regulation. The federal government has also issued a set of principles for reforming the U.S. and international regulatory capital framework for banking firms. We cannot predict whether any specific state or federal measures will be adopted to change the nature or scope of the regulation of the insurance or financial services businesses or what effect any such measures would have on Allstate.

       We are working for changes in the regulatory environment, including recognizing the need for and improving appropriate risk based pricing and promoting the creation of government sponsored, privately funded solutions for mega-catastrophes. While the actions that we take will be primarily focused on reducing the catastrophe exposure in our property business, we also consider their impact on our ability to market our auto lines.

       Agent and Broker Compensation.    In recent years, several states considered new legislation or regulations regarding the compensation of agents and brokers by insurance companies. The proposals ranged in nature from new disclosure requirements to new duties on insurance agents and brokers in dealing with customers. New disclosure requirements have been imposed in certain circumstances upon some agents and brokers in several states.

       Limitations on Dividends By Insurance Subsidiaries.    As a holding company with no significant business operations of its own, The Allstate Corporation relies on dividends from Allstate Insurance Company as one of the principal sources of cash to pay dividends and to meet its obligations, including the payment of principal and interest on debt. Allstate Insurance Company is regulated as an insurance company in Illinois and its ability to pay dividends is restricted by Illinois law. For additional information regarding those restrictions, see Part II, Item 5 of this report. The laws of the other

9



jurisdictions that generally govern our other insurance subsidiaries contain similar limitations on the payment of dividends and in some jurisdictions the laws may be more restrictive.

       Insurance Holding Company Regulation.    The Allstate Corporation and Allstate Insurance Company are insurance holding companies subject to regulation in the jurisdictions in which their insurance subsidiaries do business. In the U.S., these subsidiaries are organized under the insurance codes of Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New York, and Texas, and some of these subsidiaries are considered commercially domiciled in California, Florida, and Utah. Generally, the insurance codes in these states provide that the acquisition or change of "control" of a domestic or commercially domiciled insurer or of any person that controls such an insurer cannot be consummated without the prior approval of the relevant insurance regulator. In general, a presumption of "control" arises from the ownership, control, possession with the power to vote, or possession of proxies with respect to, ten percent or more of the voting securities of an insurer or of a person that controls an insurer. In addition, certain state insurance laws require pre-acquisition notification to state agencies of a change in control with respect to a non-domestic insurance company licensed to do business in that state. While such pre-acquisition notification statutes do not authorize the state agency to disapprove the change of control, such statutes do authorize certain remedies, including the issuance of a cease and desist order with respect to the non-domestic insurer if certain conditions exist, such as undue market concentration. Thus, any transaction involving the acquisition of ten percent or more of The Allstate Corporation's common stock would generally require prior approval by the state insurance departments in California, Illinois, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New York, Texas, and Utah. The prior approval of the Florida insurance department would be necessary for the acquisition of five percent or more. Moreover, notification would be required in those other states that have adopted pre-acquisition notification provisions and where the insurance subsidiaries are admitted to transact business. Such approval requirements may deter, delay, or prevent certain transactions affecting the ownership of The Allstate Corporation's common stock.

       Price Regulation.    Nearly all states have insurance laws requiring personal property and casualty insurers to file price schedules, policy or coverage forms, and other information with the state's regulatory authority. In many cases, such price schedules, policy forms, or both must be approved prior to use. While they vary from state to state, the objectives of the pricing laws are generally the same: a price cannot be excessive, inadequate, or unfairly discriminatory.

       The speed with which an insurer can change prices in response to competition or in response to increasing costs depends, in part, on whether the pricing laws are (i) prior approval, (ii) file-and-use, or (iii) use-and-file laws. In states having prior approval laws, the regulator must approve a price before the insurer may use it. In states having file-and-use laws, the insurer does not have to wait for the regulator's approval to use a price, but the price must be filed with the regulatory authority prior to being used. A use-and-file law requires an insurer to file prices within a certain period of time after the insurer begins using them. Eighteen states, including California and New York, have prior approval laws. Under all three types of pricing laws, the regulator has the authority to disapprove a price subsequent to its filing.

       An insurer's ability to adjust its prices in response to competition or to increasing costs is often dependent on an insurer's ability to demonstrate to the regulator that its pricing or proposed pricing meets the requirements of the pricing laws. In those states that significantly restrict an insurer's discretion in selecting the business that it wants to underwrite, an insurer can manage its risk of loss by charging a price that reflects the cost and expense of providing the insurance. In those states that significantly restrict an insurer's ability to charge a price that reflects the cost and expense of providing the insurance, the insurer can manage its risk of loss by being more selective in the type of business it underwrites. When a state significantly restricts both underwriting and pricing, it becomes more difficult for an insurer to maintain its profitability.

       Changes in Allstate's claim settlement process may require Allstate to actuarially adjust loss information used in its pricing process. Some state insurance regulatory authorities may not approve price increases that give full effect to these adjustments.

       From time to time, the private passenger auto insurance industry comes under pressure from state regulators, legislators, and special interest groups to reduce, freeze, or set prices at levels that do not correspond with our analysis of underlying costs and expenses. Homeowners insurance comes under similar pressure, particularly as regulators in states subject to high levels of catastrophe losses struggle to identify an acceptable methodology to price for catastrophe exposure. We expect this kind of pressure to persist. In addition, our use of insurance scoring based on credit report information for underwriting and pricing has been the subject of challenges and investigations by regulators, legislators, and special interest groups. The result could be legislation or regulation that adversely affects the profitability of the Allstate Protection segment. We cannot predict the impact on our business of possible future legislative and regulatory measures regarding pricing.

10


       Involuntary Markets.    As a condition of maintaining our licenses to write personal property and casualty insurance in various states, we are required to participate in assigned risk plans, reinsurance facilities, and joint underwriting associations that provide various types of insurance coverage to individuals or entities that otherwise are unable to purchase such coverage from private insurers. Underwriting results related to these arrangements, which tend to be adverse, have been immaterial to our results of operations.

       Guaranty Funds.    Under state insurance guaranty fund laws, insurers doing business in a state can be assessed, up to prescribed limits, in order to cover certain obligations of insolvent insurance companies.

       National Flood Insurance Program.    We voluntarily participate as a Write Your Own carrier in the National Flood Insurance Program ("NFIP"). The NFIP is administered and regulated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. We operate as a fiscal agent of the federal government in the selling and administering of the Standard Flood Insurance Policy. This involves the collection of premiums belonging to the federal government and the paying of covered claims by directly drawing on funds of the United States Treasury. We receive expense allowances from the NFIP for underwriting administration, claims management, commissions and adjuster fees.

       Investment Regulation.    Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to regulations that require investment portfolio diversification and that limit the amount of investment in certain categories. Failure to comply with these rules leads to the treatment of non-conforming investments as non-admitted assets for purposes of measuring statutory surplus. Further, in some instances, these rules require divestiture of non-conforming investments.

       Exiting Geographic Markets; Canceling and Non-Renewing Policies.    Most states regulate an insurer's ability to exit a market. For example, states limit, to varying degrees, an insurer's ability to cancel and non-renew policies. Some states prohibit an insurer from withdrawing one or more types of insurance business from the state, except pursuant to a plan that is approved by the state insurance department. Regulations that limit cancellation and non-renewal and that subject withdrawal plans to prior approval requirements may restrict an insurer's ability to exit unprofitable markets.

       Variable Life Insurance and Registered Fixed Annuities.    The sale and administration of variable life insurance and registered fixed annuities with market value adjustment features are subject to extensive regulatory oversight at the federal and state level, including regulation and supervision by the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA").

       Broker-Dealers, Investment Advisors, and Investment Companies.    The Allstate entities that operate as broker-dealers, registered investment advisors, and investment companies are subject to regulation and supervision by the Securities and Exchange Commission, FINRA and/or, in some cases, state securities administrators.

       Banking.    The Allstate Corporation is a diversified unitary savings and loan holding company for Allstate Bank, a federal stock savings bank and a member of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"). The principal supervisory authority for the diversified savings and loan holding company activities and the bank is the Office of Thrift Supervision ("OTS"). We are subject to OTS regulation, examination, supervision, and reporting requirements and its enforcement authority. Among other things, this permits the OTS to restrict or prohibit activities that are determined to be a serious risk to the financial safety, soundness, and stability of Allstate Bank. The bank is also subject to the authority of the FDIC and other federal financial regulators implementing various laws applicable to banking.

       Privacy Regulation.    Federal law and the laws of many states require financial institutions to protect the security and confidentiality of customer information and to notify customers about their policies and practices relating to collection and disclosure of customer information and their policies relating to protecting the security and confidentiality of that information. Federal law and the laws of many states also regulate disclosures of customer information. Congress, state legislatures, and regulatory authorities are expected to consider additional regulation relating to privacy and other aspects of customer information.

       Asbestos.    Congress has considered legislation to address asbestos claims and litigation in the past, but unified support among various defendant and insurer groups considered essential to any possible reform has been lacking. We cannot predict the impact on our business of possible future legislative measures regarding asbestos.

       Environmental.    Environmental pollution and clean-up of polluted waste sites is the subject of both federal and state regulation. The Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 ("Superfund") and comparable state statutes ("mini-Superfund") govern the clean-up and restoration of waste sites by Potentially Responsible Parties ("PRPs"). Superfund and the mini-Superfunds (Environmental Clean-up Laws or "ECLs") establish a mechanism to assign liability to PRPs or to fund the clean-up of waste sites if PRPs fail to do so. The extent of liability to be allocated to a PRP is dependent on a variety of factors. By some estimates, there are thousands of potential waste sites subject to clean-up, but the exact number is unknown. The extent of clean-up necessary and the process of

11



assigning liability remain in dispute. The insurance industry is involved in extensive litigation regarding coverage issues arising out of the clean-up of waste sites by insured PRPs and the insured parties' alleged liability to third parties responsible for the clean-up. The insurance industry, including Allstate, has disputed and is disputing many such claims. Key coverage issues include whether Superfund response, investigation, and clean-up costs are considered damages under the policies; trigger of coverage; the applicability of several types of pollution exclusions; proper notice of claims; whether administrative liability triggers the duty to defend; appropriate allocation of liability among triggered insurers; and whether the liability in question falls within the definition of an "occurrence." Identical coverage issues exist for clean-up and waste sites not covered under Superfund. To date, courts have been inconsistent in their rulings on these issues. Allstate's exposure to liability with regard to its insureds that have been, or may be, named as PRPs is uncertain. While comprehensive Superfund reform proposals have been introduced in Congress, only modest reform measures have been enacted.

       Separately, in 2009, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC") adopted a model rule that, if adopted by the states, would require insurance companies with annual premiums of at least $500,000,000 to complete an annual survey regarding climate change risks. We expect most states to require the survey beginning in May 2010. The responses will be made available to the public through the NAIC.

INTERNET WEBSITE

       Our Internet website address is allstate.com. The Allstate Corporation's annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to such reports that we file or furnish pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available through our Internet website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, our corporate governance guidelines, our code of ethics, and the charters of our Audit Committee, Compensation and Succession Committee, and Nominating and Governance Committee are available on our website and in print to any stockholder who requests copies by contacting Investor Relations, The Allstate Corporation, 2775 Sanders Road, Northbrook, Illinois 60062-6127, 1-800-416-8803.

OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT ALLSTATE

       As of December 31, 2009, Allstate had approximately 36,000 full-time employees and 800 part-time employees.

       Information regarding revenues generated outside of the United States is incorporated in this Part I, Item 1 by reference to Note 18 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

       Allstate's four business segments use shared services, including human resources, investment, finance, information technology and legal services, provided by Allstate Insurance Company and other affiliates.

       Although the insurance business generally is not seasonal, claims and claims expense for the Allstate Protection segment tend to be higher for periods of severe or inclement weather.

       "Allstate" is one of the most recognized brand names in the United States. We use the names "Allstate," "Encompass," and "Lincoln Benefit Life" extensively in our business, along with related service marks, logos, and slogans, such as "Good Hands." Our rights in the United States to these names, service marks, logos, and slogans continue so long as we continue to use them in commerce. Most of these service marks are the subject of renewable U.S. and/or foreign service mark registrations. We believe that these service marks are important to our business and we intend to maintain our rights to them through continued use.

12


Executive Officers

       The following table sets forth the names of our executive officers, their ages as of February 1, 2010, their positions, and the dates of their first election as officers. "AIC" refers to Allstate Insurance Company.

Name
  Age  
Position/Offices
 
Date First
Elected
Officer
 

Thomas J. Wilson

    52   Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer of The Allstate Corporation; also Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer of AIC.     1995  

Catherine S. Brune

   

56

 

Senior Vice President of AIC (Chief Information Officer).

   

1999

 

Don Civgin

   

48

 

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of The Allstate Corporation; Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of AIC.

   

2008

 

Frederick F. Cripe

   

52

 

Senior Vice President of AIC.

   

2000

 

James D. DeVries

   

46

 

Senior Vice President of AIC (Human Resources).

   

2008

 

Judith P. Greffin

   

49

 

Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer of AIC.

   

2002

 

Joseph P. Lacher, Jr. 

   

40

 

President Allstate Protection — Senior Vice President of AIC.

   

2009

 

Mark R. LaNeve

   

50

 

Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer of AIC

   

2009

 

Michele C. Mayes

   

60

 

Senior Vice President and General Counsel of The Allstate Corporation; Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Assistant Secretary of AIC (Chief Legal Officer).

   

2007

 

Samuel H. Pilch

   

63

 

Controller of The Allstate Corporation; Group Vice President and Controller of AIC.

   

1995

 

Joseph J. Richardson

   

49

 

Senior Vice President of AIC (Allstate Protection Distribution).

   

1999

 

Michael J. Roche

   

58

 

Senior Vice President of AIC (Claims).

   

2003

 

Steven P. Sorenson

   

45

 

Senior Vice President of AIC (Allstate Protection Product Operations).

   

2000

 

Joan H. Walker

   

62

 

Senior Vice President of AIC (Corporate Relations).

   

2005

 

Matthew E. Winter

   

53

 

President and Chief Executive Officer Allstate Financial — Senior Vice President of AIC.

   

2009

 

       Each of the officers named above may be removed from office at any time, with or without cause, by the board of directors of the relevant company.

       With the exception of Messrs. Civgin, DeVries, Lacher, LaNeve, and Winter, Ms. Mayes and Ms. Walker, these officers have held the listed positions for at least the last five years or have served Allstate in various executive or administrative capacities for at least five years.

       Prior to joining Allstate in 2008, Mr. Civgin was Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of OfficeMax, Incorporated and served in that position since 2005. From 2002 to 2005, he served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of General Binding Corporation.

       Prior to joining Allstate in 2008, Mr. DeVries served as Senior Vice President of Human Resources at Principal Financial Group since 2000.

       Prior to joining Allstate in 2009, Mr. Lacher served in various executive officer positions for The Travelers Companies, Inc. since 2002.

       Prior to joining Allstate in 2009, Mr. LaNeve served as Vice President of Sales, Service and Marketing of General Motors Corporation since 2004.

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       Prior to joining Allstate in 2009, Mr. Winter served as Vice Chairman of American International Group ("AIG") in 2009, President and Chief Executive Officer of AIG American General Domestic Life Companies since 2006, and Executive Vice President of Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company since 1996.

       Prior to joining Allstate in 2007, Ms. Mayes served as Senior Vice President and General Counsel of Pitney Bowes since 2003.

       Prior to joining Allstate in 2005, Ms. Walker served as Executive Vice President of Marketing and Communications at Qwest Communications International, Inc. from 2002 to 2005.

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

       This document contains "forward-looking statements" that anticipate results based on our estimates, assumptions and plans that are subject to uncertainty. These statements are made subject to the safe-harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of new information or future events or developments.

       These forward-looking statements do not relate strictly to historical or current facts and may be identified by their use of words like "plans," "seeks," "expects," "will," "should," "anticipates," "estimates," "intends," "believes," "likely," "targets" and other words with similar meanings. These statements may address, among other things, our strategy for growth, catastrophe exposure management, product development, investment results, regulatory approvals, market position, expenses, financial results, litigation and reserves. We believe that these statements are based on reasonable estimates, assumptions and plans. However, if the estimates, assumptions or plans underlying the forward-looking statements prove inaccurate or if other risks or uncertainties arise, actual results could differ materially from those communicated in these forward-looking statements.

       In addition to the normal risks of business, we are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, including those listed below, which apply to us as an insurer and a provider of other financial services. These risks constitute our cautionary statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and readers should carefully review such cautionary statements as they identify certain important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements and historical trends. These cautionary statements are not exclusive and are in addition to other factors discussed elsewhere in this document, in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") or in materials incorporated therein by reference.

Risks Relating to the Property-Liability business

As a property and casualty insurer, we may face significant losses from catastrophes and severe weather events

       Because of the exposure of our property and casualty business to catastrophic events, our operating results and financial condition may vary significantly from one period to the next. Catastrophes can be caused by various natural and man-made disasters, including earthquakes, volcanoes, wildfires, tornadoes, hurricanes, tropical storms and certain types of terrorism. We may incur catastrophe losses in our auto and property business in excess of: (1) those experienced in prior years (2) those that we project would be incurred based on hurricane and earthquake losses which have a one percent probability of occurring on an annual aggregate countrywide basis (3) those that external modeling firms estimate would be incurred based on other levels of probability (4) the average expected level used in pricing or (5) our current reinsurance coverage limits. Despite our catastrophe management programs, we are exposed to catastrophes that could have a material adverse effect on operating results and financial condition. For example, our historical catastrophe experience includes losses relating to Hurricane Katrina in 2005 totaling $3.6 billion, the Northridge earthquake of 1994 totaling $2.1 billion and Hurricane Andrew in 1992 totaling $2.3 billion. We are also exposed to assessments from the California Earthquake Authority and various state-created catastrophe insurance facilities, and to losses that could surpass the capitalization of these facilities. Our liquidity could be constrained by a catastrophe, or multiple catastrophes, which result in extraordinary losses or a downgrade of our debt or financial strength ratings.

       In addition, we are subject to claims arising from weather events such as winter storms, rain, hail and high winds. The incidence and severity of weather conditions are largely unpredictable. There is generally an increase in the frequency and severity of auto and property claims when severe weather conditions occur.

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The nature and level of catastrophes in any period cannot be predicted and could be material to our operating results and financial condition

       Along with others in the industry, we use models developed by third party vendors in assessing our property exposure to catastrophe losses. These models assume various conditions and probability scenarios. Such models do not necessarily accurately predict future losses or accurately measure losses currently incurred. Catastrophe models, which have been evolving since the early 1990s, use historical information about hurricanes and earthquakes and also utilize detailed information about our in-force business. While we use this information in connection with our pricing and risk management activities, there are limitations with respect to its usefulness in predicting losses in any reporting period. These limitations are evident in significant variations in estimates between models and modelers, material increases and decreases in model results due to changes and refinements of the underlying data elements, assumptions which lead to questionable predictive capability, and actual event conditions that have not been well understood previously and not incorporated into the models. In addition, the models are not necessarily reflective of actual demand surge, loss adjustment expenses and the occurrence of mold losses, which are subject to wide variation by event or location.

Impacts of catastrophes and our catastrophe management strategy may adversely affect premium growth

       Due to our catastrophe risk management efforts, the size of our homeowners business has been negatively impacted and may continue to be negatively impacted if we take further actions. Homeowners premium growth rates and retention could be more adversely impacted than we expect by adjustments to our business structure, size and underwriting practices in markets with significant catastrophe risk exposure. In addition, due to the diminished potential for cross-selling opportunities, new business growth in our auto lines could be lower than expected.

Unanticipated increases in the severity or frequency of claims may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition

       Changes in the severity or frequency of claims may affect the profitability of our Allstate Protection segment. Changes in bodily injury claim severity are driven primarily by inflation in the medical sector of the economy and litigation. Changes in auto physical damage claim severity are driven primarily by inflation in auto repair costs, auto parts prices and used car prices. Changes in homeowners claim severity are driven by inflation in the construction industry, in building materials and in home furnishings, and by other economic and environmental factors, including increased demand for services and supplies in areas affected by catastrophes. However, changes in the level of the severity of claims are not limited to the effects of inflation and demand surge in these various sectors of the economy. Increases in claim severity can arise from unexpected events that are inherently difficult to predict. Examples of such events include a decision in 2001 by the Georgia Supreme Court which held that diminished value coverage was included in auto policies under Georgia law and the emergence of mold-related homeowners losses in the state of Texas during 2002. Although we pursue various loss management initiatives in the Allstate Protection segment in order to mitigate future increases in claim severity, there can be no assurances that these initiatives will successfully identify or reduce the effect of future increases in claim severity.

       Our Allstate Protection segment may experience volatility in claim frequency from time to time, and short-term trends may not continue over the longer term. A spike in gas prices and a significant decline in miles driven, both of which occurred in 2008, are examples of factors contributing to a short-term frequency change. A significant increase in claim frequency could have an adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

Actual claims incurred may exceed current reserves established for claims and may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition

       Recorded claim reserves in the Property-Liability business are based on our best estimates of losses, both reported and incurred but not reported ("IBNR"), after considering known facts and interpretations of circumstances. Internal factors are considered including our experience with similar cases, actual claims paid, historical trends involving claim payment patterns, pending levels of unpaid claims, loss management programs, product mix and contractual terms. External factors are also considered which include, but are not limited to, law changes, court decisions, changes to regulatory requirements and economic conditions. Because reserves are estimates of the unpaid portion of losses that have occurred, including IBNR losses, the establishment of appropriate reserves, including reserves for catastrophes, is an inherently uncertain and complex process. The ultimate cost of losses may vary materially from recorded reserves and such variance may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

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Predicting claim expense relating to asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines is inherently uncertain and may have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition

       The process of estimating asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines liabilities is complicated by complex legal issues concerning, among other things, the interpretation of various insurance policy provisions and whether those losses are covered, or were ever intended to be covered, and whether losses could be recoverable through retrospectively determined premium, reinsurance or other contractual agreements. Asbestos-related bankruptcies and other asbestos litigation are complex, lengthy proceedings that involve substantial uncertainty for insurers. Actuarial techniques and databases used in estimating asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines net loss reserves may prove to be inadequate indicators of the extent of probable loss. Ultimate net losses from these discontinued lines could materially exceed established loss reserves and expected recoveries and have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

Regulation limiting rate increases and requiring us to underwrite business and participate in loss sharing arrangements may adversely effect our operating results and financial condition

       From time to time, political events and positions affect the insurance market, including efforts to suppress rates to a level that may not allow us to reach targeted levels of profitability. For example, if Allstate Protection's loss ratio compares favorably to that of the industry, state regulatory authorities may impose rate rollbacks, require us to pay premium refunds to policyholders, or resist or delay our efforts to raise rates even if the property and casualty industry generally is not experiencing regulatory resistance to rate increases. Such resistance affects our ability, in all product lines, to obtain approval for rate changes that may be required to achieve targeted levels of profitability and returns on equity. Our ability to afford reinsurance required to reduce our catastrophe risk in designated areas may be dependent upon the ability to adjust rates for its cost.

       In addition to regulating rates, certain states have enacted laws that require a property-liability insurer conducting business in that state to participate in assigned risk plans, reinsurance facilities and joint underwriting associations or require the insurer to offer coverage to all consumers, often restricting an insurer's ability to charge the price it might otherwise charge. In these markets, we may be compelled to underwrite significant amounts of business at lower than desired rates, possibly leading to an unacceptable return on equity, or as the facilities recognize a financial deficit, they may in turn have the ability to assess participating insurers, adversely affecting our results of operations and financial condition. Laws and regulations of many states also limit an insurer's ability to withdraw from one or more lines of insurance in the state, except pursuant to a plan that is approved by the state insurance department. Additionally, certain states require insurers to participate in guaranty funds for impaired or insolvent insurance companies. These funds periodically assess losses against all insurance companies doing business in the state. Our operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected by any of these factors.

The potential benefits of our sophisticated risk segmentation process may not be fully realized

       We believe that pricing sophistication and underwriting (including Strategic Risk Management which, in some situations, considers information that is obtained from credit reports among other factors) has allowed us to be more competitive and operate more profitably. However, because many of our competitors have adopted underwriting criteria and sophisticated pricing models similar to those we use and because other competitors may follow suit, our competitive advantage could decline or be lost. Further, the use of insurance scoring from information that is obtained from credit reports as a factor in underwriting and pricing has at times been challenged by regulators, legislators, litigants and special interest groups in various states. Competitive pressures could also force us to modify our pricing sophistication model. Furthermore, we cannot be assured that these pricing sophistication models will accurately reflect the level of losses that we will ultimately incur.

Allstate Protection's operating results and financial condition may be adversely affected by the cyclical nature of the property and casualty business

       The property and casualty market is cyclical and has experienced periods characterized by relatively high levels of price competition, less restrictive underwriting standards and relatively low premium rates, followed by periods of relatively lower levels of competition, more selective underwriting standards and relatively high premium rates. A downturn in the profitability cycle of the property and casualty business could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

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Risks Relating to the Allstate Financial Segment

Changes in underwriting and actual experience could materially affect profitability and financial condition

       Our product pricing includes long-term assumptions regarding investment returns, mortality, morbidity, persistency and operating costs and expenses of the business. We establish target returns for each product based upon these factors and the average amount of capital that we must hold to support in-force contracts taking into account rating agencies and regulatory requirements. We monitor and manage our pricing and overall sales mix to achieve target new business returns on a portfolio basis, which could result in the discontinuation or de-emphasis of products or distribution relationships and a decline in sales. Profitability from new business emerges over a period of years depending on the nature and life of the product and is subject to variability as actual results may differ from pricing assumptions. Additionally, many of our products have fixed or guaranteed terms that limit our ability to increase revenues or reduce benefits, including credited interest, once the product has been issued.

       Our profitability in this segment depends on the adequacy of investment spreads, the management of market and credit risks associated with investments, the sufficiency of premiums and contract charges to cover mortality and morbidity benefits, the persistency of policies to ensure recovery of acquisition expenses, and the management of operating costs and expenses within anticipated pricing allowances. Legislation and regulation of the insurance marketplace and products could also affect our profitability and financial condition.

Changes in reserve estimates may adversely affect our operating results

       Reserve for life-contingent contract benefits is computed on the basis of long-term actuarial assumptions of future investment yields, mortality, morbidity, persistency and expenses. We periodically review the adequacy of these reserves on an aggregate basis and if future experience differs significantly from assumptions, adjustments to reserves and amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs ("DAC") may be required which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.

Changes in market interest rates may lead to a significant decrease in the sales and profitability of spread-based products

       Our ability to manage the Allstate Financial spread-based products, such as fixed annuities and institutional products, is dependent upon maintaining profitable spreads between investment yields and interest crediting rates. When market interest rates decrease or remain at relatively low levels, proceeds from investments that have matured or have been prepaid or sold may be reinvested at lower yields, reducing investment spread. Lowering interest crediting rates on some products in such an environment can partially offset decreases in investment yield. However, these changes could be limited by market conditions, regulatory minimum rates or contractual minimum rate guarantees on many contracts and may not match the timing or magnitude of changes in investment yields. Decreases in the interest crediting rates offered on products in the Allstate Financial segment could make those products less attractive, leading to lower sales and/or changes in the level of policy loans, surrenders and withdrawals. Non-parallel shifts in interest rates, such as increases in short-term rates without accompanying increases in medium- and long-term rates, can influence customer demand for fixed annuities, which could impact the level and profitability of new customer deposits. Increases in market interest rates can also have negative effects on Allstate Financial, for example by increasing the attractiveness of other investments to our customers, which can lead to higher surrenders at a time when the segment's fixed income investment asset values are lower as a result of the increase in interest rates. This could lead to the sale of fixed income securities at a loss. For certain products, principally fixed annuity and interest-sensitive life products, the earned rate on assets could lag behind rising market yields. We may react to market conditions by increasing crediting rates, which could narrow spreads and reduce profitability. Unanticipated surrenders could result in accelerated amortization of DAC or affect the recoverability of DAC and thereby increase expenses and reduce profitability.

Changes in estimates of profitability on interest-sensitive life, fixed annuities and other investment products may adversely affect our profitability and financial condition through the amortization of DAC

       DAC related to interest-sensitive life, fixed annuities and other investment contracts is amortized in proportion to actual historical gross profits and estimated future gross profits ("EGP") over the estimated lives of the contracts. The principal assumptions for determining the amount of EGP are investment returns, including capital gains and losses on assets supporting contract liabilities, interest crediting rates to contractholders, and the effects of persistency, mortality, expenses, and hedges if applicable. Updates to these assumptions (commonly referred to as "DAC unlocking") could adversely affect our profitability and financial condition. In 2009, DAC unlocking resulted in increased amortization of DAC of $277 million. In addition in periods when actual gross profits are negative, recapitalization ("negative amortization") of DAC is only recorded when determined to be recoverable based on specific facts and circumstances.

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       Examples of such situations include the world wide financial crisis, which resulted in an unprecedented level of realized capital losses. A principal assumption change impacting EGP and the related DAC amortization was an increase in the level of expected realized capital losses in 2009 and 2010. This resulted in the majority of the market value adjusted annuity DAC balance being reduced to zero since the products in force were estimated to have no gross profits. Market value adjusted annuity DAC will not be recapitalized while there are no estimated gross profits. Facts and circumstances may lead to other situations where DAC is not recapitalized. Accordingly, judgments regarding the recognition of Allstate Financial's DAC amortization may adversely affect profitability and financial condition.

Narrowing the focus of our product offerings and reducing our concentration in fixed annuities and funding agreements may adversely affect reported results

       We have been pursuing strategies to narrow our product offerings and reduce our concentration in fixed annuities and funding agreements. Lower new sales of these products, as well as our ongoing risk mitigation and return optimization programs, could negatively impact investment portfolio levels and DAC amortization, complicate settlement of expiring contracts including forced sales of assets with unrealized capital losses, and affect goodwill impairment testing and insurance reserves deficiency testing.

A loss of key product distribution relationships could materially affect sales and results of operations

       Certain products in the Allstate Financial segment are distributed under agreements with other members of the financial services industry that are not affiliated with us. Termination of one or more of these agreements due to, for example, a change in control of one of these distributors or market conditions that make it difficult to achieve our target return on certain products, resulting in relatively uncompetitive pricing, could have a detrimental effect on the sales of Allstate Financial and its results of operations.

Changes in tax laws may decrease sales and profitability of products and adversely affect our financial condition

       Under current federal and state income tax law, certain products we offer, primarily life insurance and annuities, receive favorable tax treatment. This favorable treatment may give certain of our products a competitive advantage over noninsurance products. Congress from time to time considers legislation that would reduce or eliminate the favorable policyholder tax treatment currently applicable to life insurance and annuities. Congress also considers proposals to reduce the taxation of certain products or investments that may compete with life insurance and annuities. Legislation that increases the taxation on insurance products or reduces the taxation on competing products could lessen the advantage or create a disadvantage for certain of our products making them less competitive. Such proposals, if adopted, could have a material adverse effect on our profitability and financial condition or ability to sell such products and could result in the surrender of some existing contracts and policies. In addition, changes in the federal estate tax laws could negatively affect the demand for the types of life insurance used in estate planning.

Risks Relating to Investments

We are subject to market risk and declines in credit quality which may adversely impact investment income, cause additional realized losses, and cause increased unrealized losses

       Although we continually reevaluate our risk mitigation and return optimization programs, we remain subject to the risk that we will incur losses due to adverse changes in interest rates, credit spreads, equity prices, commodity prices or foreign currency exchange rates. Our primary market risk exposures are to changes in interest rates, credit spreads and equity prices and, to a lesser degree, changes in foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. We are subject to potential declines in credit quality related to specific issuers or specific industries or related to a general weakening in the economy, which are typically reflected through credit spreads. Credit spread is the additional yield on fixed income securities above the risk-free rate (typically defined as the yield on U.S. Treasury securities) that market participants require to compensate them for assuming credit, liquidity and/or prepayment risks. Credit spreads vary (i.e. increase or decrease) in response to the market's perception of risk and liquidity in a specific issuer or specific sector. Although we use derivative financial instruments to manage these risks, the effectiveness of such instruments is subject to the same risks.

       A decline in market interest rates or credit spreads could have an adverse effect on our investment income as we invest cash in new investments that may earn less than the portfolio's average yield. In a declining interest rate environment, borrowers may prepay or redeem securities more quickly than expected as they seek to refinance at lower rates. A decline could also lead us to purchase longer-term or riskier assets in order to obtain adequate investment yields resulting in a duration gap when compared to the duration of liabilities. An increase in market interest rates or credit spreads could have an adverse effect on the value of our investment portfolio by decreasing the fair values of the

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fixed income securities that comprise a substantial majority of our investment portfolio. A declining equity market could also cause the investments in our pension plans to decrease or decreasing interest rates could cause the funding target and the projected benefit obligation of our pension plans or the accumulated benefit obligation of our other postretirement benefit plans to increase, either or both resulting in a decrease in the funded status of the plans and a reduction of shareholders' equity, increases in pension and other postretirement benefit expense and increases in required contributions to the pension plans. A decline in the quality of our investment portfolio as a result of adverse economic conditions or otherwise could cause additional realized losses on securities, including realized losses relating to equity and derivative strategies.

Deteriorating financial performance impacting securities collateralized by residential and commercial mortgage loans, collateralized corporate loans, and commercial mortgage loans may lead to write-downs and impact our results of operations and financial condition

       Changes in residential or commercial mortgage delinquencies or recovery rates, corporate loan delinquencies or recovery rates, declining real estate prices, changes in credit or bond insurer strength ratings and the quality of service provided by service providers on securities in our portfolios could lead us to determine that write-downs are necessary in the future.

The impact of our investment strategies may be adversely affected by developments in the financial markets

       The impact of our investment portfolio risk mitigation and return optimization programs may be adversely affected by unexpected developments in the financial markets. For example, derivative contracts may result in coverage that is not as effective as intended thereby leading to the recognition of losses without the recognition of gains expected to mitigate the losses.

Concentration of our investment portfolios in any particular segment of the economy may have adverse effects on our operating results and financial condition

       The concentration of our investment portfolios in any particular industry, collateral type, group of related industries or geographic sector could have an adverse effect on our investment portfolios and consequently on our results of operations and financial condition. Events or developments that have a negative impact on any particular industry, group of related industries or geographic region may have a greater adverse effect on the investment portfolios to the extent that the portfolios are concentrated rather than diversified.

The determination of the amount of realized capital losses recorded for impairments of our investments is highly subjective and could materially impact our operating results and financial condition

       The determination of the amount of realized capital losses recorded for impairments vary by investment type and is based upon our periodic evaluation and assessment of known and inherent risks associated with the respective asset class. Such evaluations and assessments are revised as conditions change and new information becomes available. We update evaluations regularly and reflect changes in realized capital gains and losses from impairments in operating results if such changes are determined to be other than temporary. The assessment of whether impairments have occurred is based on our case-by-case evaluation of the underlying reasons for the decline in fair value. The amortized cost or cost of our fixed income and equity securities is adjusted for impairments in value deemed to be other than temporary in the period in which the determination is made and recorded in earnings as such evaluations are revised. There can be no assurance that we have accurately assessed the level of or amounts recorded for impairments taken in our financial statements. Furthermore, additional impairments may need to be recorded in the future. Historical trends may not be indicative of future impairments. For example, the amortized cost or cost of our fixed income and equity securities is adjusted for impairments in value deemed to be other than temporary in the period in which the determination is made and recorded in earnings. The assessment of whether impairments have occurred is based on our case-by-case evaluation of the underlying reasons for the decline in fair value.

The determination of the fair value of our fixed income and equity securities results in unrealized net capital gains and losses and is highly subjective and could materially impact our operating results and financial condition

       In determining fair values we generally utilize market transaction data for the same or similar instruments. The degree of management judgment involved in determining fair values is inversely related to the availability of market observable information. The fair value of assets and liabilities may differ from the actual amount received upon sale of an asset or the actual amount paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Moreover, the use of different valuation assumptions may have a material effect on the assets' and liabilities' fair values. The difference between amortized cost or cost and fair value, net of deferred income taxes, certain

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life and annuity DAC, certain deferred sales inducement costs ("DSI"), and certain reserves for life-contingent contract benefits, is reflected as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders' equity. Changing market conditions could materially effect the determination of the fair value of securities and unrealized net capital gains and losses could vary significantly. Determining fair value is highly subjective and could materially impact our operating results and financial condition.

Risks Relating to the Insurance Industry

Our future results are dependent in part on our ability to successfully operate in an insurance industry that is highly competitive

       The insurance industry is highly competitive. Our competitors include other insurers and, because some of our products include a savings or investment component, securities firms, investment advisers, mutual funds, banks and other financial institutions. Many of our competitors have well-established national reputations and market similar products. Because of the competitive nature of the insurance industry, including competition for producers such as exclusive and independent agents, there can be no assurance that we will continue to effectively compete with our industry rivals, or that competitive pressures will not have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition. Furthermore, certain competitors operate using a mutual insurance company structure and therefore may have dissimilar profitability and return targets. Our ability to successfully operate may also be impaired if we are not effective in filling critical leadership positions, in developing the talent and skills of our human resources, in assimilating new executive talent into our organization, or in deploying human resource talent consistently with our business goals.

Difficult conditions in the economy generally could adversely affect our business and operating results

       Some economists continue to project significant negative macroeconomic trends, including relatively high and sustained unemployment, reduced consumer spending, lower home prices, and substantial increases in delinquencies on consumer debt, including defaults on home mortgages. Moreover, recent disruptions in the financial markets, particularly the reduced availability of credit and tightened lending requirements, have impacted the ability of borrowers to refinance loans at more affordable rates. As with most businesses, we believe difficult conditions in the economy could have an adverse effect on our business and operating results.

       General economic conditions could adversely affect us in the form of consumer behavior and pressure investment results. Consumer behavior could include decreased demand for our products. For example, as consumers purchase fewer automobiles, our sales of auto insurance may decline. Also, as consumers become more cost conscious, they may choose lower levels of auto and homeowners insurance. In 2009, declining new car sales and continued weakness in the housing market contributed to lower policies in force. In addition, holders of some of our life insurance and annuity products may engage in an elevated level of discretionary withdrawals of contractholder funds. Our investment results could be adversely affected as deteriorating financial and business conditions affecting the issuers of the securities in our investment portfolio.

There can be no assurance that actions of the U.S. federal government, Federal Reserve and other governmental and regulatory bodies for the purpose of stabilizing the financial markets and stimulating the economy will achieve the intended effect

       In response to the financial crises affecting the banking system, the financial markets and the broader economy over the past two years, the U.S. federal government, the Federal Reserve and other governmental and regulatory bodies have taken actions to address such conditions including, among other things, purchasing mortgage-backed and other securities from financial institutions, investing directly in banks, thrifts and bank and savings and loan holding companies and increasing federal spending to stimulate the economy. While it appears the economy is pulling out of recession, stabilization has been uneven and a sluggish recovery is expected. There can be no assurance as to the long term impact such actions will have on the financial markets or on economic conditions, including potential inflationary affects. Continued volatility and any further economic deterioration could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Losses from litigation may be material to our operating results or cash flows and financial condition

       As is typical for a large company, we are involved in various legal actions, including class action litigation challenging a range of company practices and coverage provided by our insurance products. In the event of an unfavorable outcome in one or more of these matters, the ultimate liability may be in excess of amounts currently reserved and may be material to our operating results or cash flows for a particular quarter or annual period and to our financial condition.

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We are subject to extensive regulation and potential further restrictive regulation may increase our operating costs and limit our growth

       As insurance companies, broker-dealers, investment advisers and/or investment companies, many of our subsidiaries are subject to extensive laws and regulations. These laws and regulations are complex and subject to change. Moreover, they are administered and enforced by a number of different governmental authorities, including state insurance regulators, state securities administrators, the SEC, the FINRA, the U.S. Department of Justice, and state attorneys general, each of which exercises a degree of interpretive latitude. Consequently, we are subject to the risk that compliance with any particular regulator's or enforcement authority's interpretation of a legal issue may not result in compliance with another's interpretation of the same issue, particularly when compliance is judged in hindsight. In addition, there is risk that any particular regulator's or enforcement authority's interpretation of a legal issue may change over time to our detriment, or that changes in the overall legal environment may, even absent any particular regulator's or enforcement authority's interpretation of a legal issue changing, cause us to change our views regarding the actions we need to take from a legal risk management perspective, thus necessitating changes to our practices that may, in some cases, limit our ability to grow and improve the profitability of our business. Furthermore, in some cases, these laws and regulations are designed to protect or benefit the interests of a specific constituency rather than a range of constituencies. For example, state insurance laws and regulations are generally intended to protect or benefit purchasers or users of insurance products, not holders of securities issued by The Allstate Corporation. In many respects, these laws and regulations limit our ability to grow and improve the profitability of our business.

       In recent years, the state insurance regulatory framework has come under public scrutiny and members of Congress have discussed proposals to provide for federal chartering of insurance companies. We can make no assurances regarding the potential impact of state or federal measures that may change the nature or scope of insurance regulation.

Proposed regulatory reforms, and the more stringent application of existing regulations, may make it more expensive for us to conduct our business

       The federal government has released a set of proposed regulatory reforms with respect to financial services entities. As part of a larger effort to strengthen the regulation of the financial services market, the proposal outlines certain reforms applicable to the insurance industry, including the establishment of an Office of National Insurance within the Treasury Department. The reforms could also increase the regulation of large insurance conglomerates whose failure could pose a systemic risk to the financial system. In addition, the federal government has issued a set of principles for reforming the U.S. and international regulatory capital framework for banking firms.

       We are a diversified unitary savings and loan holding company for Allstate Bank, a federal stock savings bank and a member of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"). The principal supervisory authority for the diversified unitary savings and loan holding company activities and the bank is the Office of Thrift Supervision ("OTS"). We are subject to OTS regulation, examination, supervision and reporting requirements and its enforcement authority. Among other things, this permits the OTS to restrict or prohibit activities that are determined to be a serious risk to the financial safety, soundness and stability of Allstate Bank.

       Any additional legislation or regulatory requirements imposed upon us in connection with the federal government proposed regulatory reforms or arising from the principles for reforming the U.S. and international regulatory capital framework for banking firms, and any more stringent enforcement of existing regulations by federal authorities, may make it more expensive for us to conduct our business.

Reinsurance may be unavailable at current levels and prices, which may limit our ability to write new business

       Our personal lines catastrophe reinsurance program was designed, utilizing our risk management methodology, to address our exposure to catastrophes nationwide. Market conditions beyond our control impact the availability and cost of the reinsurance we purchase. No assurances can be made that reinsurance will remain continuously available to us to the same extent and on the same terms and rates as is currently available. For example, our ability to afford reinsurance to reduce our catastrophe risk in designated areas may be dependent upon our ability to adjust premium rates for its cost, and there are no assurances that the terms and rates for our current reinsurance program will continue to be available next year. If we were unable to maintain our current level of reinsurance or purchase new reinsurance protection in amounts that we consider sufficient and at prices that we consider acceptable, we would have to either accept an increase in our exposure risk, reduce our insurance writings, or develop or seek other alternatives.

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Reinsurance subjects us to the credit risk of our reinsurers and may not be adequate to protect us against losses arising from ceded insurance, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition

       The collectability of reinsurance recoverables is subject to uncertainty arising from a number of factors, including changes in market conditions, whether insured losses meet the qualifying conditions of the reinsurance contract and whether reinsurers, or their affiliates, have the financial capacity and willingness to make payments under the terms of a reinsurance treaty or contract. Our inability to collect a material recovery from a reinsurer could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.

A large scale pandemic, the continued threat of terrorism or ongoing military actions may have an adverse effect on the level of claim losses we incur, the value of our investment portfolio, our competitive position, marketability of product offerings, liquidity and operating results

       A large scale pandemic, the continued threat of terrorism, within the United States and abroad, or ongoing military and other actions and heightened security measures in response to these types of threats, may cause significant volatility and losses in our investment portfolio from declines in the equity markets and from interest rate changes in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, and result in loss of life, property damage, disruptions to commerce and reduced economic activity. Some of the assets in our investment portfolio may be adversely affected by declines in the equity markets and reduced economic activity caused by a large scale pandemic or the continued threat of terrorism. We seek to mitigate the potential impact of terrorism on our commercial mortgage portfolio by limiting geographical concentrations in key metropolitan areas and by requiring terrorism insurance to the extent that it is commercially available. Additionally, in the Allstate Protection and Allstate Financial business segments, a large scale pandemic or terrorist act could have a material adverse effect on the sales, profitability, competitiveness, marketability of product offerings, liquidity, and operating results.

A downgrade in our financial strength ratings may have an adverse effect on our competitive position, the marketability of our product offerings, and our liquidity, operating results and financial condition

       Financial strength ratings are important factors in establishing the competitive position of insurance companies and generally have an effect on an insurance company's business. On an ongoing basis, rating agencies review the financial performance and condition of insurers and could downgrade or change the outlook on an insurer's ratings due to, for example, a change in an insurer's statutory capital; a change in a rating agency's determination of the amount of risk-adjusted capital required to maintain a particular rating; an increase in the perceived risk of an insurer's investment portfolio; a reduced confidence in management or a host of other considerations that may or may not be under the insurer's control. The current insurance financial strength ratings of Allstate Insurance Company are A+, AA- and Aa3 from A.M. Best, Standard & Poor's and Moody's, respectively. The current insurance financial strength ratings of Allstate Life Insurance Company are A+, AA- and A1 from A.M. Best, Standard & Poor's and Moody's, respectively. The Allstate Corporation currently maintains a senior debt rating of a-, A- and A3 from A.M. Best, Standard & Poor's and Moody's, respectively. Several other affiliates have been assigned their own financial strength ratings by one or more rating agencies. Because all of these ratings are subject to continuous review, the retention of these ratings cannot be assured. A downgrade in any of these ratings could have a material adverse effect on our sales, our competitiveness, the marketability of our product offerings, and our liquidity, operating results and financial condition.

Adverse capital and credit market conditions may significantly affect our ability to meet liquidity needs or our ability to obtain credit on acceptable terms

       The capital and credit markets have been experiencing extreme volatility and disruption. In some cases, the markets have exerted downward pressure on the availability of liquidity and credit capacity. In the event that we need access to additional capital to pay our operating expenses, make payments on our indebtedness, pay for capital expenditures or fund acquisitions, our ability to obtain such capital may be limited and the cost of any such capital may be significant. Our access to additional financing will depend on a variety of factors such as market conditions, the general availability of credit, the overall availability of credit to our industry, our credit ratings and credit capacity, as well as lenders' perception of our long- or short-term financial prospects. Similarly, our access to funds may be impaired if regulatory authorities or rating agencies take negative actions against us. If a combination of these factors were to occur, our internal sources of liquidity may prove to be insufficient and in such case, we may not be able to successfully obtain additional financing on favorable terms.

22



Changes in accounting standards issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") or other standard-setting bodies may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition

       Our financial statements are subject to the application of generally accepted accounting principles, which are periodically revised, interpreted and/or expanded. Accordingly, we are required to adopt new guidance or interpretations, or could be subject to existing guidance as we enter into new transactions, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition that is either unexpected or has a greater impact than expected. For a description of changes in accounting standards that are currently pending and, if known, our estimates of their expected impact, see Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements.

The change in our unrecognized tax benefit during the next 12 months is subject to uncertainty

       We have disclosed our estimate of net unrecognized tax benefits and the reasonably possible increase or decrease in its balance during the next 12 months in Note 14 of the consolidated financial statements. However, actual results may differ from our estimate for reasons such as changes in our position on specific issues, developments with respect to the governments' interpretations of income tax laws or changes in judgment resulting from new information obtained in audits or the appeals process.

The realization of deferred tax assets is subject to uncertainty

       The realization of our deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowances, is based on our assumption that we will be able to fully utilize the deductions that are ultimately recognized for tax purposes. However, actual results may differ from our assumptions if adequate levels of taxable income are not attained.

The ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends may affect our liquidity and ability to meet our obligations

       The Allstate Corporation is a holding company with no significant operations. The principal asset is the stock of its subsidiaries. State insurance regulatory authorities limit the payment of dividends by insurance subsidiaries, as described in Note 15 of the consolidated financial statements. In addition, competitive pressures generally require the subsidiaries to maintain insurance financial strength ratings. These restrictions and other regulatory requirements affect the ability of the subsidiaries to make dividend payments. Limits on the ability of the subsidiaries to pay dividends could adversely affect our liquidity, including our ability to pay dividends to shareholders, service our debt, and complete share repurchase programs in the timeframe expected.

The occurrence of events unanticipated in our disaster recovery systems and management continuity planning or a support failure from external providers during a disaster could impair our ability to conduct business effectively

       In the event of a disaster such as a natural catastrophe, an industrial accident, a terrorist attack or war, events unanticipated in our disaster recovery systems or a support failure from external providers could have an adverse impact on our ability to conduct business and on our results of operations and financial condition, particularly if those events affect our computer-based data processing, transmission, storage, and retrieval systems. In the event that a significant number of our managers could be unavailable in the event of a disaster, our ability to effectively conduct our business could be severely compromised.

Changing climate conditions may adversely affect our financial condition, profitability or cash flows

       Allstate recognizes the scientific view that the world is getting warmer. Climate change, to the extent it produces rising temperatures and changes in weather patterns, could impact the frequency or severity of weather events and wildfires, the affordability and availability of homeowners insurance, and the results for our Allstate Protection segment. To the extent that climate change impacts mortality rates and those changes do not match the long-term mortality assumptions in our product pricing, the results for our Allstate Financial segment would be impacted.

Loss of key vendor relationships could affect our operations

       We rely on services and products provided by many vendors in the United States and abroad. These include, for example, vendors of computer hardware and software and vendors of services such as claim adjustment services and human resource benefits management services. In the event that one or more of our vendors suffers a bankruptcy or otherwise becomes unable to continue to provide products or services, we may suffer operational impairments and financial losses.

23



Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments

       None.

Item 2.  Properties

       Our home office complex is located in Northbrook, Illinois. As of December 31, 2009, the Home Office complex consists of several buildings totaling 2.3 million square feet of office space on a 250-acre site.

       We also operate from approximately 1,500 administrative, data processing, claims handling and other support facilities in North America. In addition to Home Office, 2.3 million square feet are owned and 6.6 million square feet are leased. Outside North America, we lease three properties as lessee in Northern Ireland comprising 118,700 square feet. We also have one lease in London for 3,700 square feet. Generally, only major Allstate facilities are owned. In a majority of cases, new lease terms and renewals are for five years or less.

       The locations out of which the Allstate exclusive agencies operate in the U.S. are normally leased by the agencies as lessees.

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings

       Information required for Item 3 is incorporated by reference to the discussion under the heading "Regulation and Compliance" and under the heading "Legal and regulatory proceedings and inquiries" in Note 13 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 4.  Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

       None.

24



Part II

Item 5.  Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

       As of February 1, 2010, there were 113,533 record holders of The Allstate Corporation's common stock. The principal market for the common stock is the New York Stock Exchange but it is also listed on the Chicago Stock Exchange. Set forth below are the high and low New York Stock Exchange Composite listing prices of, and cash dividends declared for, the common stock during 2009 and 2008.

 
  High   Low   Close   Dividends
Declared
 

2009

                         

First quarter

    33.50     13.77     19.15     .20  

Second quarter

    28.73     18.50     24.40     .20  

Third quarter

    31.74     22.82     30.62     .20  

Fourth quarter

    32.23     27.52     30.04     .20  

2008

                         

First quarter

    52.90     44.56     48.06     .41  

Second quarter

    52.16     45.49     45.59     .41  

Third quarter

    48.00     41.37     46.12     .41  

Fourth quarter

    47.00     17.72     32.76     .41  

       The payment of dividends by Allstate Insurance Company ("AIC") to The Allstate Corporation is limited by Illinois insurance law to formula amounts based on statutory net income and statutory surplus, as well as the timing and amount of dividends paid in the preceding twelve months. AIC did not pay any dividends in 2009. Based on the greater of 2009 statutory net income or 10% of statutory surplus, the maximum amount of dividends that AIC will be able to pay without prior Illinois Department of Insurance approval at a given point in time in 2010 is $1.50 billion, less dividends paid during the preceding twelve months measured at that point in time. Notification and approval of intercompany lending activities is also required by the Illinois Department of Insurance for those transactions that exceed formula amounts based on statutory admitted assets and statutory surplus.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Period
  Total number of
shares
(or units)
purchased 
(1)
  Average price
paid per share
(or unit)
  Total number
of shares
(or units)
purchased as part
of publicly
announced plans or
programs 
(2)
  Maximum number
(or approximate
dollar value) of
shares
(or units) that may
yet be purchased
under the plans or
programs 
(3)
 

October 1, 2009 - October 31, 2009

    116   $ 28.9612       $  

November 1, 2009 - November 30, 2009

    3,697   $ 28.5716          

December 1, 2009 - December 31, 2009

      $          

Total

    3,813   $ 28.5835            

(1)
In accordance with the terms of its equity compensation plans, Allstate acquired the following shares in connection with stock option exercises by employees and/or directors. The stock was received in payment of the exercise price of the options and in satisfaction of withholding taxes due upon exercise or vesting.

    October:        116
    November:    3,697
    December:    none

(2)
Repurchases under our programs are, from time to time, executed under the terms of a pre-set trading plan meeting the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

    None

(3)
Our $2.00 billion share repurchase program was suspended in October 2008 and ended on March 31, 2009. A new share repurchase program has not been authorized.

25


Item 6.  Selected Financial Data

5-YEAR SUMMARY OF SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

   
($ in millions, except per share data and ratios)
  2009   2008   2007   2006   2005  

Consolidated Operating Results

                               

Insurance premiums and contract charges

  $ 28,152   $ 28,862   $ 29,099   $ 29,333   $ 29,088  

Net investment income

    4,444     5,622     6,435     6,177     5,746  

Realized capital gains and losses

    (583 )   (5,090 )   1,235     286     549  

Total revenues

    32,013     29,394     36,769     35,796     35,383  

Net income (loss)

    854     (1,679 )   4,636     4,993     1,765  

Net income (loss) per share:

                               

Net income (loss) per share — basic (1)

    1.58     (3.06 )   7.80     7.88     2.67  

Net income (loss) per share — diluted (1)

    1.58     (3.06 )   7.76     7.83     2.65  

Cash dividends declared per share

    0.80     1.64     1.52     1.40     1.28  

 

 

Consolidated Financial Position

                               

Investments

  $ 99,833   $ 95,998   $ 118,980   $ 119,757   $ 118,297  

Total assets

    132,652     134,798     156,408     157,554     156,072  

Reserves for claims and claims expense, life-contingent contract benefits and contractholder funds

    84,659     90,750     94,052     93,683     94,639  

Short-term debt

                12     413  

Long-term debt

    5,910     5,659     5,640     4,650     4,887  

Shareholders' equity

    16,692     12,641     21,851     21,846     20,186  

Shareholders' equity per diluted share (1)

    30.84     23.47     38.54     34.80     31.01  

Equity

    16,721     12,673     21,902     21,937     20,186  

 

 

Property-Liability Operations

                               

Premiums earned

  $ 26,194   $ 26,967   $ 27,233   $ 27,369   $ 27,039  

Net investment income

    1,328     1,674     1,972     1,854     1,791  

Net income

    1,543     228     4,258     4,614     1,431  

Operating ratios (2)

                               
 

Claims and claims expense ("loss") ratio

    71.6     74.4     64.9     58.5     78.3  
 

Expense ratio

    24.6     25.0     24.9     25.1     24.1  
 

Combined ratio

    96.2     99.4     89.8     83.6     102.4  

 

 

Allstate Financial Operations

                               

Premiums and contract charges

  $ 1,958   $ 1,895   $ 1,866   $ 1,964   $ 2,049  

Net investment income

    3,064     3,811     4,297     4,173     3,830  

Net (loss) income

    (483 )   (1,721 )   465     464     416  

Investments

    62,216     61,449     74,256     75,951     75,233  

(1)
As a result of the adoption of new accounting guidance related to determining whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities in the first quarter of 2009, prior period amounts have been restated.

(2)
We use operating ratios to measure the profitability of our Property-Liability results. We believe that they enhance an investor's understanding of our profitability. They are calculated as follows: Claims and claims expense ("loss") ratio is the ratio of claims and claims expense to premiums earned. Loss ratios include the impact of catastrophe losses. Expense ratio is the ratio of amortization of DAC, operating costs and expenses and restructuring and related charges to premiums earned. Combined ratio is the ratio of claims and claims expense, amortization of DAC, operating costs and expenses and restructuring and related charges to premiums earned. The combined ratio is the sum of the loss ratio and the expense ratio. The difference between 100% and the combined ratio represents underwriting income (loss) as a percentage of premiums earned.

26


Item 7.  Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 
  Page

Overview

  28

2009 Highlights

  28

Consolidated Net Income (Loss)

  29

Application of Critical Accounting Estimates

  29

Property-Liability 2009 Highlights

  42

Property-Liability Operations

  43

Allstate Protection Segment

  45

Discontinued Lines and Coverages Segment

  56

Property-Liability Investment Results

  57

Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves

  58

Allstate Financial 2009 Highlights

  69

Allstate Financial Segment

  69

Investments 2009 Highlights

  80

Investments

  80

Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities

  102

Market Risk

  102

Pension Plans

  106

Deferred Taxes

  108

Capital Resources and Liquidity 2009 Highlights

  109

Capital Resources and Liquidity

  110

Enterprise Risk and Return Management

  117

Regulation and Legal Proceedings

  118

Pending Accounting Standards

  118

27


OVERVIEW

       The following discussion highlights significant factors influencing the consolidated financial position and results of operations of The Allstate Corporation (referred to in this document as "we", "our", "us", the "Company" or "Allstate"). It should be read in conjunction with the 5-year summary of selected financial data, consolidated financial statements and related notes found under Part II, Item 6 and Item 8 contained herein. Further analysis of our insurance segments is provided in the Property-Liability Operations (which includes the Allstate Protection and the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segments) and in the Allstate Financial Segment sections of Management's Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A"). The segments are consistent with the way in which we use financial information to evaluate business performance and to determine the allocation of resources.

       Allstate is focused on three priorities in 2010: improve customer loyalty, reinvent protection and retirement for the consumer and grow our businesses.

       The most important factors we monitor to evaluate the financial condition and performance of our company include:

2009 HIGHLIGHTS

Consolidated net income was $854 million in 2009 compared to a net loss of $1.68 billion in 2008. Net income per diluted share was $1.58 in 2009 compared to net loss per diluted share of $3.06 in 2008.
Property-Liability net income was $1.54 billion in 2009 compared to $228 million in 2008.
The Property-Liability combined ratio was 96.2 in 2009 compared to 99.4 in 2008.
Allstate Financial had a net loss of $483 million in 2009 compared to a net loss of $1.72 billion in 2008.
Total revenues were $32.01 billion in 2009 compared to $29.39 billion in 2008.
Property-Liability premiums earned in 2009 totaled $26.19 billion, a decrease of 2.9% from $26.97 billion in 2008.
Net realized capital losses were $583 million in 2009 compared to net realized capital losses of $5.09 billion in 2008.
Investments as of December 31, 2009 totaled $99.83 billion, an increase of 4.0% from $96.00 billion as of December 31, 2008. Net investment income in 2009 was $4.44 billion, a decrease of 21.0% from $5.62 billion in 2008.
Book value per diluted share (ratio of shareholders' equity to total shares outstanding and dilutive potential shares outstanding) was $30.84 as of December 31, 2009, an increase of 31.4% from $23.47 as of December 31, 2008.
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2009, return on the average of beginning and ending period shareholders' equity was 5.8%, an increase of 15.5 points from (9.7)% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2008.
At December 31, 2009, we had $16.69 billion in capital. This total included $3.07 billion in deployable invested assets at the parent holding company level.

28


CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME (LOSS)

($ in millions)
  For the years ended December 31,  
 
  2009   2008   2007  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

                   

Property-liability insurance premiums

  $ 26,194   $ 26,967   $ 27,233  

Life and annuity premiums and contract charges

    1,958     1,895     1,866  

Net investment income

    4,444     5,622     6,435  

Realized capital gains and losses:

                   
 

Total other-than-temporary impairment losses

    (2,376 )   (3,735 )   (310 )
 

Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income

    457          
               
   

Net other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings

    (1,919 )   (3,735 )   (310 )
 

Sales and other realized capital gains and losses

    1,336     (1,355 )   1,545  
               
     

Total realized capital gains and losses

    (583 )   (5,090 )   1,235  
               

Total revenues

    32,013     29,394     36,769  

Costs and expenses

                   

Property-liability insurance claims and claims expense

    (18,746 )   (20,064 )   (17,667 )

Life and annuity contract benefits

    (1,617 )   (1,612 )   (1,589 )

Interest credited to contractholder funds

    (2,126 )   (2,411 )   (2,681 )

Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs

    (4,754 )   (4,679 )   (4,704 )

Operating costs and expenses

    (3,007 )   (3,273 )   (3,103 )

Restructuring and related charges

    (130 )   (23 )   (29 )

Interest expense

    (392 )   (351 )   (333 )
               

Total costs and expenses

    (30,772 )   (32,413 )   (30,106 )

Gain (loss) on disposition of operations

   
7
   
(6

)
 
(10

)

Income tax (expense) benefit

    (394 )   1,346     (2,017 )
               

Net income (loss)

  $ 854   $ (1,679 ) $ 4,636  
               

Property-Liability

 
$

1,543
 
$

228
 
$

4,258
 

Allstate Financial

    (483 )   (1,721 )   465  

Corporate and Other

    (206 )   (186 )   (87 )
               

Net income (loss)

  $ 854   $ (1,679 ) $ 4,636  
               

APPLICATION OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

       The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") requires management to adopt accounting policies and make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements. The most critical estimates include those used in determining:

       In making these determinations, management makes subjective and complex judgments that frequently require estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. Many of these policies, estimates and related judgments are common in the insurance and financial services industries; others are specific to our businesses and operations. It is reasonably likely that changes in these estimates could occur from period to period and result in a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

       A brief summary of each of these critical accounting estimates follows. For a more detailed discussion of the effect of these estimates on our consolidated financial statements, and the judgments and assumptions related to these

29



estimates, see the referenced sections of this document. For a complete summary of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements.

       Fair value of financial assets    Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We categorize our financial assets measured at fair value into a three-level hierarchy based on the observability of inputs to the valuation techniques as follows:

Level 1:   Financial asset values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in an active market that we can access.

Level 2:

 

Financial asset values are based on the following:
    (a)   Quoted prices for similar assets in active markets;
    (b)   Quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active; or
    (c)   Valuation models whose inputs are observable, directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset.

Level 3:

 

Financial asset values are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. Unobservable inputs reflect our estimates of the assumptions that market participants would use in valuing the financial assets.

       Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in valuing financial assets that are developed based on market data obtained from independent sources. In the absence of sufficient observable inputs, unobservable inputs reflect our estimates of the assumptions market participants would use in valuing financial assets and are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The degree of management judgment involved in determining fair values is inversely related to the availability of market observable information. If valuation inputs used to measure fair value fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

       We are responsible for the determination of fair value of financial assets and the supporting assumptions and methodologies. We gain assurance on the overall reasonableness and consistent application of valuation input assumptions, valuation methodologies and compliance with accounting standards for fair value determination through the execution of various processes and controls designed to ensure that our financial assets are appropriately valued. We monitor fair values received from third parties and those derived internally on an ongoing basis.

       We employ independent third-party valuation service providers, broker quotes and internal pricing methods to determine fair values, which provide a single quote or price for each financial instrument. We obtain or calculate only one quote or price per instrument.

       Valuation service providers typically obtain data about market transactions and other key valuation model inputs from multiple sources and, through the use of proprietary algorithms, produce valuation information in the form of a single fair value for individual securities for which a fair value has been requested under the terms of our agreements. For certain equity securities, valuation service providers provide market quotations for completed transactions on the measurement date. For other security types, fair values are derived from the valuation service providers' proprietary valuation models. The inputs used by the valuation service providers include, but are not limited to, market prices from recently completed transactions and transactions of comparable securities, interest rate yield curves, credit spreads, liquidity spreads, currency rates, and other information, as applicable. Credit and liquidity spreads are typically implied from completed transactions and transactions of comparable securities. Valuation service providers also use proprietary discounted cash flow models that are widely accepted in the financial services industry and similar to those used by other market participants to value the same financial instruments. The valuation models take into account, among other things, market observable information as of the measurement date, as described above, as well as the specific attributes of the security being valued including its term, interest rate, credit rating, industry sector, and where applicable, collateral quality and other issue or issuer specific information. Executing valuation models effectively requires seasoned professional judgment and experience. In cases where market transactions or other market observable data is limited, the extent to which judgment is applied varies inversely with the availability of market observable information.

       For certain of our financial assets carried at fair value, where our valuation service providers cannot provide fair value determinations, we obtain a single non-binding price quote from a broker familiar with the security who, similar to our valuation service providers, may consider transactions or activity in similar securities, as applicable, among other information. The brokers providing price quotes are generally from the brokerage divisions of leading financial institutions with market making, underwriting and distribution expertise regarding the security subject to valuation.

30


       The fair value of certain financial assets, including privately placed corporate securities, Auction Rate Securities ("ARS") backed by student loans, equity-indexed notes, and certain free-standing derivatives, where our valuation service providers or brokers do not provide fair value determinations, is determined using valuation methods and models widely accepted in the financial services industry. Internally developed valuation models, which include inputs that may not be market observable and as such involve some degree of judgment, are considered appropriate for each class of security to which they are applied.

       Our internal pricing methods are primarily based on models using discounted cash flow methodologies that develop a single best estimate of fair value. Our models generally incorporate inputs that we believe are representative of inputs other market participants would use to determine fair value of the same instruments, including yield curves, quoted market prices of comparable securities, published credit spreads, and other applicable market data. Additional inputs that are used to model fair value include internally-derived assumptions such as liquidity premium and credit ratings, as well as instrument-specific characteristics that include, but are not limited to, coupon rate, expected cash flows, sector of issuer, and call provisions. Internally assigned credit ratings are generally consistent with external ratings published by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC"); however, they are developed at a more finite level. For example, an NAIC rating of 1 includes securities rated triple, double and single A by at least one nationally recognized statistical rating organization ("NRSRO"). We believe our internal ratings provide for a more reliable estimate of fair value since we can more precisely match these ratings to other market observable valuation inputs, such as credit and sector spreads, when performing these valuations. Due to the existence of non-market observable inputs, such as liquidity premiums, judgment is required in developing these fair values. As a result, the fair value of these financial assets may differ from the amount actually received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Moreover, the use of different valuation assumptions may have a material effect on the financial assets' fair values.

       For the majority of our financial assets measured at fair value, all significant inputs are based on market observable data and significant management judgment does not affect the periodic determination of fair value. The determination of fair value using discounted cash flow models involves management judgment when significant model inputs are not based on market observable data. However, where market observable data is available, it takes precedence, and as a result, no range of reasonably likely inputs exists from which the basis of a sensitivity analysis could be constructed.

       There is one primary situation where a discounted cash flow model utilizes a significant input that is not market observable. It relates to the determination of fair value for our ARS backed by student loans. The significant input is the assumption about the anticipated date liquidity will return to this market (that is, when auction failures will cease). Determination of this assumption allows for matching to market observable inputs when performing these valuations.

       The following table displays the sensitivity of reasonably likely changes in the assumption about the anticipated date liquidity will return to the ARS backed by student loans market as of December 31, 2009. The selection of these hypothetical scenarios represents an illustration of the estimated potential proportional effect of alternate assumptions and should not be construed as either a prediction of future events or an indication that it would be reasonably likely that all securities would be similarly affected.

($ in millions)
   
 

ARS backed by student loans at fair value

  $ 1,643  
 

Percentage change in fair value resulting from:

       
   

Decrease in assumption by four months for the anticipated date liquidity will return to this market

    0.7 %
   

Increase in assumption by four months for the anticipated date liquidity will return to this market

    (0.7 )%

       We believe our most significant exposure to changes in fair value is due to market risk. Our exposure to changes in market conditions is discussed fully in the Market Risk section of the MD&A.

       We employ specific control processes to determine the reasonableness of the fair values of our financial assets. Our processes are designed to ensure that the values received or internally estimated are accurately recorded and that the data inputs and the valuation techniques utilized are appropriate, consistently applied, and that the assumptions are reasonable and consistent with the objective of determining fair value. For example, on a continuing basis, we assess the reasonableness of individual security values received from valuation service providers and those derived from internal models that exceed certain thresholds as compared to previous values received from those valuation service providers or derived from internal models. In addition, we may validate the reasonableness of fair values by comparing information obtained from our valuation service providers to other third party valuation sources for selected securities.

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For internal pricing models, we have implemented price validation procedures such as back-testing of actual sales, which corroborates the various model inputs to market observable data. When fair value determinations are expected to be more variable, we validate them through reviews by members of management who have relevant expertise and who are independent of those charged with executing investment transactions.

       We also perform an analysis to determine whether there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset when compared to normal market activity, and if so, whether transactions may not be orderly. Among the indicators we consider in determining whether a significant decrease in the volume and level of market activity for a specific asset has occurred include the level of new issuances in the primary market, trading volume in the secondary market, level of credit spreads over historical levels, bid-ask spread, and price consensuses among market participants and sources. If evidence indicates that prices are based on transactions that are not orderly, we place little, if any, weight on the transaction price and will estimate fair value using an internal pricing model. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, we did not alter fair values provided by our valuation service providers or brokers or substitute them with an internal pricing model.

       The following table identifies fixed income and equity securities and short-term investments as of December 31, 2009 by source of value determination:

($ in millions)
  Fair
value
  Percent
to total
 

Fair value based on internal sources

  $ 9,304     10.7 %

Fair value based on external sources (1)

    77,542     89.3  
           

Total

  $ 86,846     100.0 %
           

(1)
Includes $2.64 billion that are valued using broker quotes.

       For more detailed information on our accounting policy for the fair value of financial assets and the financial assets by level in the fair value hierarchy, see Notes 2 and 5 of the consolidated financial statements.

       Impairment of fixed income and equity securities    For investments classified as available for sale, the difference between fair value and amortized cost for fixed income securities and cost for equity securities, net of certain other items and deferred income taxes (as disclosed in Note 4), is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and is not reflected in the operating results of any period until reclassified to net income upon the consummation of a transaction with an unrelated third party or when the decline in fair value is deemed other than temporary. We have a comprehensive portfolio monitoring process to identify and evaluate each fixed income and equity security whose carrying value may be other-than-temporarily impaired.

       For each fixed income security in an unrealized loss position, we assess whether management with the appropriate authority has made a decision to sell or whether it is more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before recovery of the amortized cost basis for reasons such as liquidity, contractual or regulatory purposes. If a security meets either of these criteria, the security's decline in fair value is deemed other than temporary and is recorded in earnings.

       If we have not made the decision to sell the fixed income security and it is not more likely than not we will be required to sell the fixed income security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, we evaluate whether we expect to receive cash flows sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. We use our best estimate of future cash flows expected to be collected from the fixed income security discounted at the security's original or current effective rate, as appropriate, to calculate a recovery value and determine whether a credit loss exists. The determination of cash flow estimates is inherently subjective and methodologies may vary depending on facts and circumstances specific to the security. All reasonably available information relevant to the collectability of the security, including past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable assumptions and forecasts, are considered when developing the estimate of cash flows expected to be collected. That information generally includes, but is not limited to, the remaining payment terms of the security, prepayment speeds, foreign exchange rates, the financial condition of the issue or issuer(s), expected defaults, expected recoveries, the value of underlying collateral and current subordination levels, vintage, geographic concentration, available reserves or escrows, third party guarantees and other credit enhancements. Additionally, other information, such as industry analyst reports and forecasts, sector credit ratings, financial condition of the bond insurer for insured fixed income securities, and other market data relevant to the realizability of contractual cash flows, may also be considered. The estimated fair value of collateral may be used to estimate recovery value if we determine that the security is dependent on the liquidation of collateral for ultimate

32


settlement. If the estimated recovery value is less than the amortized cost of the security, a credit loss exists and an other-than-temporary impairment for the difference between the estimated recovery value and amortized cost is recorded in earnings. The unrealized loss deemed to be related to factors other than credit remains classified in other comprehensive income. If we determine that the fixed income security does not have sufficient cash flow or other information to determine a recovery value for the security, we may conclude that the entire decline in fair value is deemed to be credit related and is recorded in earnings.

       There are a number of assumptions and estimates inherent in evaluating impairments of equity securities and determining if they are other than temporary, including: 1) our ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in value; 2) the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than cost; 3) the financial condition, near-term and long-term prospects of the issue or issuer, including relevant industry specific market conditions and trends, geographic location and implications of rating agency actions and offering prices; and 4) the specific reasons that a security is in a significant unrealized loss position, including overall market conditions which could affect liquidity.

       Once assumptions and estimates are made, any number of changes in facts and circumstances could cause us to subsequently determine that a fixed income or equity security is other than temporary impaired, including: 1) general economic conditions that are worse than previously forecasted or that have a greater adverse effect on a particular issuer or industry sector than originally estimated; 2) changes in the facts and circumstances related to a particular issue or issuer's ability to meet all of its contractual obligations; and 3) changes in facts and circumstances that result in changes to management's intent to sell or result in our assessment that it is more likely than not we will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost of a fixed income security or causes a change in our ability or intent to hold an equity security until it recovers in value. Changes in assumptions, facts and circumstances could result in additional charges to earnings in future periods to the extent that losses are realized. The charge to earnings, while potentially significant to net income, would not have a significant effect on shareholders' equity, since the majority of our portfolio is designated as available-for-sale and carried at fair value and as a result, any related unrealized loss, net of deferred income taxes, DAC, DSI and reserves for life-contingent contract benefits, would already be reflected as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders' equity.

       The determination of the amount of impairment is an inherently subjective process based on periodic evaluation of the factors described above. Such evaluations and assessments are revised as conditions change and new information becomes available. We update our evaluations regularly and reflect changes in other-than-temporary impairments in results of operations as such evaluations are revised. The use of different methodologies and assumptions in the determination of the amount of impairments may have a material effect on the amounts presented within the consolidated financial statements.

       Fixed income securities subject to other-than-temporary impairment write-downs continue to earn investment income when future expected payments are reasonably estimable, and any discount or premium is recognized using the effective yield method over the expected life of the security; otherwise income recognition is discontinued.

       For additional detail on investment impairments, see Note 4 of the consolidated financial statements.

       Deferred policy acquisition costs amortization    We incur significant costs in connection with acquiring insurance policies and investment contracts. In accordance with GAAP, costs that vary with and are primarily related to acquiring insurance policies and investment contracts are deferred and recorded as an asset on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

       DAC related to property-liability contracts is amortized into income as premiums are earned, typically over periods of six to twelve months. The amortization methodology for DAC for Allstate Financial policies and contracts includes significant assumptions and estimates.

       DAC related to traditional life insurance is amortized over the premium paying period of the related policies in proportion to the estimated revenues on such business. Significant assumptions relating to estimated premiums, investment returns, as well as mortality, persistency and expenses to administer the business are established at the time the policy is issued and are generally not revised during the life of the policy. The assumptions for determining the timing and amount of DAC amortization are consistent with the assumptions used to calculate the reserve for life-contingent contract benefits. Any deviations from projected business in force resulting from actual policy terminations differing from expected levels and any estimated premium deficiencies may result in a change to the rate of amortization in the period such events occur. Generally, the amortization periods for these policies approximates the estimated lives of the policies. The recovery of DAC is dependent upon the future profitability of the business. We periodically review the adequacy of reserves and recoverability of DAC for these policies on an aggregate basis using

33



actual experience. We aggregate all traditional life insurance products and immediate annuities with life contingencies in the analysis. In the event actual experience is significantly adverse compared to the original assumptions, a premium deficiency is deemed to exist and any remaining unamortized DAC balance must be expensed to the extent not recoverable and a premium deficiency reserve may be required if the remaining DAC balance is insufficient to absorb the deficiency. In 2009 and 2007, our reviews concluded that no premium deficiency adjustments were necessary, primarily due to projected profit from traditional life insurance more than offsetting the projected losses in immediate annuities with life contingencies. In 2008, for traditional life insurance and immediate annuities with life contingencies, an aggregate premium deficiency of $336 million pre-tax ($219 million after-tax) resulted primarily from a study indicating that the annuitants on certain life-contingent contracts are projected to live longer than we anticipated when the contracts were issued and, to a lesser degree, a reduction in the related investment portfolio yield. The deficiency was recorded through a reduction in DAC.

       DAC related to interest-sensitive life, fixed annuities and other investment contracts is amortized in proportion to the incidence of the total present value of gross profits, which includes both actual historical gross profits ("AGP") and estimated future gross profits ("EGP") expected to be earned over the estimated lives of the contracts. The amortization is net of interest on the prior period DAC balance using rates established at the inception of the contracts. Actual amortization periods generally range from 15-30 years; however, incorporating estimates of customer surrender rates, partial withdrawals and deaths generally results in the majority of the DAC being amortized during the surrender charge period, which is typically 10-20 years for interest-sensitive life and 5-10 years for fixed annuities. The cumulative DAC amortization is reestimated and adjusted by a cumulative charge or credit to results of operations when there is a difference between the incidence of actual versus expected gross profits in a reporting period or when there is a change in total EGP.

       AGP and EGP consist primarily of the following components: contract charges for the cost of insurance less mortality costs and other benefits (benefit margin); investment income and realized capital gains and losses less interest credited (investment margin); and surrender and other contract charges less maintenance expenses (expense margin). The principal assumptions for determining the amount of EGP are investment returns, including capital gains and losses on assets supporting contract liabilities, interest crediting rates to contractholders, and the effects of persistency, mortality, expenses, and hedges if applicable, and these assumptions are reasonably likely to have the greatest impact on the amount of DAC amortization. Changes in these assumptions can be offsetting and we are unable to reasonably predict their future movements or offsetting impacts over time.

       Each reporting period, DAC amortization is recognized in proportion to AGP for that period adjusted for interest on the prior period DAC balance. This amortization process includes an assessment of AGP compared to EGP, the actual amount of business remaining in-force and realized capital gains and losses on investments supporting the product liability. The impact of realized capital gains and losses on amortization of DAC depends upon which product liability is supported by the assets that give rise to the gain or loss. If the AGP is greater than EGP in the period, but the total EGP is unchanged, the amount of DAC amortization will generally increase, resulting in a current period decrease to earnings. The opposite result generally occurs when the AGP is less than the EGP in the period, but the total EGP is unchanged. However, when DAC amortization or a component of gross profits for a quarterly period is potentially negative (which would result in an increase of the DAC balance) as a result of negative AGP, the specific facts and circumstances surrounding the potential negative amortization are considered to determine whether it is appropriate for recognition in the consolidated financial statements. Negative amortization is only recorded when the increased DAC balance is determined to be recoverable based on facts and circumstances. Negative amortization was not recorded for certain fixed annuities during 2009 and 2008 periods in which significant capital losses were realized on their related investment portfolio. For products exposed to investment credit losses in excess of our expectations that may cause periodic AGP to become temporarily negative, EGP and AGP utilized in DAC amortization may be modified to exclude the higher credit losses.

       Annually, we review and update all assumptions underlying the projections of EGP, including investment returns, comprising investment income and realized capital gains and losses, interest crediting rates, persistency, mortality, expenses and the effect of any hedges. At each reporting period, we assess whether any revisions to assumptions used to determine DAC amortization are required. These reviews and updates may result in amortization acceleration or deceleration, which are commonly referred to as "DAC unlocking". If the update of assumptions causes total EGP to increase, the rate of DAC amortization will generally decrease, resulting in a current period increase to earnings. A decrease to earnings generally occurs when the assumption update causes the total EGP to decrease.

       Over the past three years, our most significant DAC assumption updates that resulted in a change to EGP and the amortization of DAC have been revisions to expected future investment returns, primarily realized capital losses,

34


mortality, expenses and the number of contracts in force or persistency. The following table provides the effect on DAC amortization of changes in assumptions relating to the gross profit components of investment margin, benefit margin and expense margin during the years ended December 31.

($ in millions)
  2009   2008   2007  

Investment margin

  $ (399 ) $ (303 ) $ 11  

Benefit margin

    129     35     34  

Expense margin

    (7 )   (59 )   (31 )
               

Net (acceleration) deceleration

  $ (277 ) $ (327 ) $ 14  
               

       DAC amortization acceleration related to changes in the EGP component of investment margin in the first quarter of 2009 was primarily due to an increase in the level of expected realized capital losses in 2009 and 2010. The deceleration related to benefit margin was due to more favorable projected life insurance mortality. The acceleration related to expense margin resulted from current and expected expense levels higher than previously projected. DAC amortization acceleration related to changes in the EGP component of investment margin in 2008 was primarily due to the level of realized capital losses impacting actual gross profits in 2008 and the impact of realized capital losses on expected gross profits in 2009. The deceleration related to benefit margin was due to more favorable projected life insurance mortality. The acceleration related to expense margin resulted from current and expected expense levels higher than previously projected. DAC amortization deceleration related to changes in the EGP component of investment margin in 2007 was due to higher yields from repositioning of the investment portfolio and reduced interest crediting rates on annuities. The deceleration related to benefit margin was due to more favorable projected life insurance mortality. The acceleration related to expense margin was a result of expenses being higher than expected.

       The following table displays the sensitivity of reasonably likely changes in assumptions included in the gross profit components of investment margin or benefit margin to amortization of the DAC balance as of December 31, 2009.

($ in millions)
  December 31, 2009
Increase/(reduction) in DAC
 

Increase in future investment margins of 25 basis points

  $ 52  

Decrease in future investment margins of 25 basis points

  $ (57 )

Decrease in future life mortality by 1%

 
$

27
 

Increase in future life mortality by 1%

  $ (28 )

       Any potential changes in assumptions discussed above are measured without consideration of correlation among assumptions. Therefore, it would be inappropriate to add them together in an attempt to estimate overall variability in amortization.

       For additional detail related to DAC, see the Allstate Financial Segment section of this document.

       Reserve for Property-Liability insurance claims and claims expense estimation    Reserves are established to provide for the estimated costs of paying claims and claims expenses under insurance policies we have issued. Property-Liability underwriting results are significantly influenced by estimates of property-liability insurance claims and claims expense reserves. These reserves are an estimate of amounts necessary to settle all outstanding claims, including claims that have been incurred but not reported ("IBNR"), as of the financial statement date.

       Characteristics of reserves    Reserves are established independently of business segment management for each business segment and line of business based on estimates of the ultimate cost to settle claims, less losses that have been paid. The significant lines of business are auto, homeowners, and other lines for Allstate Protection, and asbestos, environmental, and other discontinued lines for Discontinued Lines and Coverages. Allstate Protection's claims are typically reported promptly with relatively little reporting lag between the date of occurrence and the date the loss is reported. Auto and homeowners liability losses generally take an average of about two years to settle, while auto physical damage, homeowners property and other personal lines have an average settlement time of less than one year. Discontinued Lines and Coverages involve long-tail losses, such as those related to asbestos and environmental claims, which often involve substantial reporting lags and extended times to settle.

       Reserves are the difference between the estimated ultimate cost of losses incurred and the amount of paid losses as of the reporting date. Reserves are estimated for both reported and unreported claims, and include estimates of all expenses associated with processing and settling all incurred claims. We update the majority of our reserve estimates quarterly and as new information becomes available or as events emerge that may affect the resolution of unsettled

35



claims. Changes in prior year reserve estimates (reserve reestimates), which may be material, are determined by comparing updated estimates of ultimate losses to prior estimates, and the differences are recorded as property-liability insurance claims and claims expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period such changes are determined. Estimating the ultimate cost of claims and claims expenses is an inherently uncertain and complex process involving a high degree of judgment and is subject to the evaluation of numerous variables.

       The actuarial methods used to develop reserve estimates    Reserve estimates are derived by using several different actuarial estimation methods that are variations on one primary actuarial technique. The actuarial technique is known as a "chain ladder" estimation process in which historical loss patterns are applied to actual paid losses and reported losses (paid losses plus individual case reserves established by claim adjusters) for an accident year or a report year to create an estimate of how losses are likely to develop over time. An accident year refers to classifying claims based on the year in which the claims occurred. A report year refers to classifying claims based on the year in which the claims are reported. Both classifications are used to prepare estimates of required reserves for payments to be made in the future. The key assumptions affecting our reserve estimates comprise data elements including claim counts, paid losses, case reserves, and development factors calculated with this data.

       In the chain ladder estimation technique, a ratio (development factor) is calculated which compares current period results to results in the prior period for each accident year. A three-year or two-year average development factor, based on historical results, is usually multiplied by the current period experience to estimate the development of losses of each accident year into the next time period. The development factors for the future time periods for each accident year are compounded over the remaining future periods to calculate an estimate of ultimate losses for each accident year. The implicit assumption of this technique is that an average of historical development factors is predictive of future loss development, as the significant size of our experience data base achieves a high degree of statistical credibility in actuarial projections of this type. The effects of inflation are implicitly considered in the reserving process, the implicit assumption being that a multi-year average development factor includes an adequate provision. Occasionally, unusual aberrations in loss patterns are caused by external and internal factors such as changes in claim reporting, settlement patterns, unusually large losses, process changes, legal or regulatory changes, and other influences. In these instances, analyses of alternate development factor selections are performed to evaluate the effect of these factors and actuarial judgment is applied to make appropriate development factor assumptions needed to develop a best estimate of ultimate losses.

       How reserve estimates are established and updated    Reserve estimates are developed at a very detailed level, and the results of these numerous micro-level best estimates are aggregated to form a consolidated reserve estimate. For example, over one thousand actuarial estimates of the types described above are prepared each quarter to estimate losses for each line of insurance, major components of losses (such as coverages and perils), major states or groups of states and for reported losses and IBNR. The actuarial methods described above are used to analyze the settlement patterns of claims by determining the development factors for specific data elements that are necessary components of a reserve estimation process. Development factors are calculated quarterly for data elements such as claim counts reported and settled, paid losses, and paid losses combined with case reserves. The calculation of development factors from changes in these data elements also impacts claim severity trends, which is a common industry reference used to explain changes in reserve estimates. The historical development patterns for these data elements are used as the assumptions to calculate reserve estimates.

       Often, several different estimates are prepared for each detailed component, incorporating alternative analyses of changing claim settlement patterns and other influences on losses, from which we select our best estimate for each component, occasionally incorporating additional analyses and actuarial judgment, as described above. These micro-level estimates are not based on a single set of assumptions. Actuarial judgments that may be applied to these components of certain micro-level estimates generally do not have a material impact on the consolidated level of reserves. Moreover, this detailed micro-level process does not permit or result in a compilation of a company-wide roll up to generate a range of needed loss reserves that would be meaningful. Based on our review of these estimates, our best estimate of required reserves for each state/line/coverage component is recorded for each accident year, and the required reserves for each component are summed to create the reserve balance carried on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

       Reserves are reestimated quarterly, by combining historical results with current actual results to calculate new development factors. This process incorporates the historic and latest actual trends, and other underlying changes in the data elements used to calculate reserve estimates. New development factors are likely to differ from previous development factors used in prior reserve estimates because actual results (claims reported or settled, losses paid, or changes to case reserves) occur differently than the implied assumptions contained in the previous development factor

36



calculations. If claims reported, paid losses, or case reserve changes are greater or less than the levels estimated by previous development factors, reserve reestimates increase or decrease. When actual development of these data elements is different than the historical development pattern used in a prior period reserve estimate, a new reserve is determined. The difference between indicated reserves based on new reserve estimates and recorded reserves (the previous estimate) is the amount of reserve reestimate and is recognized as an increase or decrease in property-liability insurance claims and claims expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Total Property-liability reserve reestimates, after-tax, as a percent of net income in 2009, 2008 and 2007 were 8.5%, (6.6)% and 2.4%, respectively. For Property-Liability, the 3-year average of reserve reestimates as a percentage of total reserves was a favorable 0.2%, for Allstate Protection, the 3-year average of reserve estimates was a favorable 0.5% and for Discontinued Lines and Coverages, the 3-year average of reserve reestimates was an unfavorable 1.4%, each of these results being consistent within a reasonable actuarial tolerance for our respective businesses. Allstate Protection reserve reestimates were primarily the result of auto claim severity development that was better than expected, and for Discontinued Lines and Coverages, reestimates were primarily a result of increased reported claim activity (claims frequency). A more detailed discussion of reserve reestimates is presented in the Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves section of this document.

       The following table shows net claims and claims expense reserves by operating segment and line of business as of December 31:

($ in millions)
  2009   2008   2007  

Allstate Protection

                   
 

Auto

  $ 10,606   $ 10,220   $ 10,175  
 

Homeowners

    2,399     2,824     2,279  
 

Other lines

    2,145     2,207     2,131  
               

Total Allstate Protection

    15,150     15,251     14,585  

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

                   
 

Asbestos

    1,180     1,228     1,302  
 

Environmental

    198     195     232  
 

Other discontinued lines

    500     508     541  
               

Total Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    1,878     1,931     2,075  
               

Total Property-Liability

  $ 17,028   $ 17,182   $ 16,660  
               

Allstate Protection reserve estimates

       Factors affecting reserve estimates    Reserve estimates are developed based on the processes and historical development trends as previously described. These estimates are considered in conjunction with known facts and interpretations of circumstances and factors including our experience with similar cases, actual claims paid, differing payment patterns and pending levels of unpaid claims, loss management programs, product mix and contractual terms, changes in law and regulation, judicial decisions, and economic conditions. When we experience changes of the type previously mentioned, we may need to apply actuarial judgment in the determination and selection of development factors considered more reflective of the new trends, such as combining shorter or longer periods of historical results with current actual results to produce development factors based on two-year, three-year, or longer development periods to reestimate our reserves. For example, if a legal change is expected to have a significant impact on the development of claim severity for a coverage which is part of a particular line of insurance in a specific state, actuarial judgment is applied to determine appropriate development factors that will most accurately reflect the expected impact on that specific estimate. Another example would be when a change in economic conditions is expected to affect the cost of repairs to damaged autos or property for a particular line, coverage, or state, actuarial judgment is applied to determine appropriate development factors to use in the reserve estimate that will most accurately reflect the expected impacts on severity development.

       As claims are reported, for certain liability claims of sufficient size and complexity, the field adjusting staff establishes case reserve estimates of ultimate cost, based on their assessment of facts and circumstances related to each individual claim. For other claims which occur in large volumes and settle in a relatively short time frame, it is not practical or efficient to set case reserves for each claim, and a statistical case reserve is set for these claims based on estimation techniques previously described. In the normal course of business, we may also supplement our claims processes by utilizing third party adjusters, appraisers, engineers, inspectors, and other professionals and information sources to assess and settle catastrophe and non-catastrophe related claims.

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       Historically, the case reserves set by the field adjusting staff have not proven to be an entirely accurate estimate of the ultimate cost of claims. To provide for this, a development reserve is estimated using previously described processes, and allocated to pending claims as a supplement to case reserves. Typically, the case and supplemental development reserves comprise about 90% of total reserves.

       Another major component of reserves is IBNR. Typically, IBNR comprises about 10% of total reserves.

       Generally, the initial reserves for a new accident year are established based on severity assumptions for different business segments, lines and coverages based on historical relationships to relevant inflation indicators, and reserves for prior accident years are statistically determined using processes previously described. Changes in auto current year claim severity are generally influenced by inflation in the medical and auto repair sectors of the economy. We mitigate these effects through various loss management programs. Injury claims are affected largely by medical cost inflation while physical damage claims are affected largely by auto repair cost inflation and used car prices. For auto physical damage coverages, we monitor our rate of increase in average cost per claim against a weighted average of the Maintenance and Repair price index and the Parts and Equipment price index. We believe our claim settlement initiatives, such as improvements to the claim review and settlement process, the use of special investigative units to detect fraud and handle suspect claims, litigation management and defense strategies, as well as various other loss management initiatives underway, contribute to the mitigation of injury and physical damage severity trends.

       Changes in homeowners current year claim severity are generally influenced by inflation in the cost of building materials, the cost of construction and property repair services, the cost of replacing home furnishings and other contents, the types of claims that qualify for coverage, deductibles and other economic and environmental factors. We employ various loss management programs to mitigate the effect of these factors.

       As loss experience for the current year develops for each type of loss, it is monitored relative to initial assumptions until it is judged to have sufficient statistical credibility. From that point in time and forward, reserves are reestimated using statistical actuarial processes to reflect the impact actual loss trends have on development factors incorporated into the actuarial estimation processes. Statistical credibility is usually achieved by the end of the first calendar year; however, when trends for the current accident year exceed initial assumptions sooner, they are usually determined to be credible, and reserves are increased accordingly.

       The very detailed processes for developing reserve estimates, and the lack of a need and existence of a common set of assumptions or development factors, limits aggregate reserve level testing for variability of data elements. However, by applying standard actuarial methods to consolidated historic accident year loss data for major loss types, comprising auto injury losses, auto physical damage losses and homeowner losses, we develop variability analyses consistent with the way we develop reserves by measuring the potential variability of development factors, as described in the section titled "Potential Reserve Estimate Variability" below.

       Causes of reserve estimate uncertainty    Since reserves are estimates of the unpaid portions of claims and claims expenses that have occurred, including IBNR losses, the establishment of appropriate reserves, including reserves for catastrophes, requires regular reevaluation and refinement of estimates to determine our ultimate loss estimate.

       At each reporting date, the highest degree of uncertainty in estimates of losses arises from claims remaining to be settled for the current accident year and the most recent preceding accident year. The greatest degree of uncertainty exists in the current accident year because the current accident year contains the greatest proportion of losses that have not been reported or settled but must be estimated as of the current reporting date. Most of these losses relate to damaged property such as automobiles and homes, and medical care for injuries from accidents. During the first year after the end of an accident year, a large portion of the total losses for that accident year are settled. When accident year losses paid through the end of the first year following the initial accident year are incorporated into updated actuarial estimates, the trends inherent in the settlement of claims emerge more clearly. Consequently, this is the point in time at which we tend to make our largest reestimates of losses for an accident year. After the second year, the losses that we pay for an accident year typically relate to claims that are more difficult to settle, such as those involving serious injuries or litigation. Private passenger auto insurance provides a good illustration of the uncertainty of future loss estimates: our typical annual percentage payout of reserves for an accident year is approximately 50% in the first year after the end of the accident year, 20% in the second year, 15% in the third year, 5% in the fourth year, and the remaining 10% thereafter.

       Reserves for catastrophe losses    Property-Liability claims and claims expense reserves also include reserves for catastrophe losses. Catastrophe losses are an inherent risk of the property-liability insurance industry that have contributed, and will continue to contribute, to potentially material year-to-year fluctuations in our results of operations and financial position. We define a "catastrophe" as an event that produces pre-tax losses before reinsurance in excess of $1 million and involves multiple first party policyholders, or an event that produces a number of claims in excess of a

38



preset, per-event threshold of average claims in a specific area, occurring within a certain amount of time following the event. Catastrophes are caused by various natural events including high winds, winter storms, tornadoes, hailstorms, wildfires, tropical storms, hurricanes, earthquakes and volcanoes. We are also exposed to man-made catastrophic events, such as certain acts of terrorism or industrial accidents. The nature and level of catastrophes in any period cannot be predicted.

       The estimation of claims and claims expense reserves for catastrophes also comprises estimates of losses from reported claims and IBNR, primarily for damage to property. In general, our estimates for catastrophe reserves are based on claim adjuster inspections and the application of historical loss development factors as described previously. However, depending on the nature of the catastrophe, as noted above, the estimation process can be further complicated. For example, for hurricanes, complications could include the inability of insureds to promptly report losses, limitations placed on claims adjusting staff affecting their ability to inspect losses, determining whether losses are covered by our homeowners policy (generally for damage caused by wind or wind driven rain) or specifically excluded coverage caused by flood, estimating additional living expenses, and assessing the impact of demand surge, exposure to mold damage, and the effects of numerous other considerations, including the timing of a catastrophe in relation to other events, such as at or near the end of a financial reporting period, which can affect the availability of information needed to estimate reserves for that reporting period. In these situations, we may need to adapt our practices to accommodate these circumstances in order to determine a best estimate of our losses from a catastrophe. As an example, in 2005 to complete an estimate for certain areas affected by Hurricane Katrina and not yet inspected by our claims adjusting staff, or where we believed our historical loss development factors were not predictive, we relied on analysis of actual claim notices received compared to total PIF, as well as visual, governmental and third party information, including aerial photos, area observations, and data on wind speed and flood depth to the extent available.

       Potential reserve estimate variability    The aggregation of numerous micro-level estimates for each business segment, line of insurance, major components of losses (such as coverages and perils), and major states or groups of states for reported losses and IBNR forms the reserve liability recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Because of this detailed approach to developing our reserve estimates, there is not a single set of assumptions that determine our reserve estimates at the consolidated level. Given the numerous micro-level estimates for reported losses and IBNR, management does not believe the processes that we follow will produce a statistically credible or reliable actuarial reserve range that would be meaningful. Reserve estimates, by their very nature, are very complex to determine and subject to significant judgment, and do not represent an exact determination for each outstanding claim. Accordingly, as actual claims, and/or paid losses, and/or case reserve results emerge, our estimate of the ultimate cost to settle will be different than previously estimated.

       To develop a statistical indication of potential reserve variability within reasonably likely possible outcomes, an actuarial technique (stochastic modeling) is applied to the countrywide consolidated data elements for paid losses and paid losses combined with case reserves separately for injury losses, auto physical damage losses, and homeowners losses excluding catastrophe losses. Based on the combined historical variability of the development factors calculated for these data elements, an estimate of the standard error or standard deviation around these reserve estimates is calculated within each accident year for the last eleven years for each type of loss. The variability of these reserve estimates within one standard deviation of the mean (a measure of frequency of dispersion often viewed to be an acceptable level of accuracy) is believed by management to represent a reasonable and statistically probable measure of potential variability. Based on our products and coverages, historical experience, the statistical credibility of our extensive data and stochastic modeling of actuarial chain ladder methodologies used to develop reserve estimates, we estimate that the potential variability of our Allstate Protection reserves, excluding reserves for catastrophe losses, within a reasonable probability of other possible outcomes, may be approximately plus or minus 4%, or plus or minus $400 million in net income. A lower level of variability exists for auto injury losses, which comprise approximately 70% of reserves, due to their relatively stable development patterns over a longer duration of time required to settle claims. Other types of losses, such as auto physical damage, homeowners losses and other losses, which comprise about 30% of reserves, tend to have greater variability but are settled in a much shorter period of time. Although this evaluation reflects most reasonably likely outcomes, it is possible the final outcome may fall below or above these amounts. Historical variability of reserve estimates is reported in the Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves section of this document.

       Adequacy of reserve estimates    We believe our net claims and claims expense reserves are appropriately established based on available methodology, facts, technology, laws and regulations. We calculate and record a single best reserve estimate, in conformance with generally accepted actuarial standards, for each line of insurance, its components (coverages and perils) and state, for reported losses and for IBNR losses, and as a result we believe that no

39



other estimate is better than our recorded amount. Due to the uncertainties involved, the ultimate cost of losses may vary materially from recorded amounts, which are based on our best estimates.

Discontinued Lines and Coverages reserve estimates

       Characteristics of Discontinued Lines exposure    We continue to receive asbestos and environmental claims. Asbestos claims relate primarily to bodily injuries asserted by people who were exposed to asbestos or products containing asbestos. Environmental claims relate primarily to pollution and related clean-up costs.

       Our exposure to asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines claims arises principally from assumed reinsurance coverage written during the 1960s through the mid-1980s, including reinsurance on primary insurance written on large U.S. companies, and from direct excess insurance written from 1972 through 1985, including substantial excess general liability coverages on large U.S. companies. Additional exposure stems from direct primary commercial insurance written during the 1960s through the mid-1980s. Other discontinued lines exposures primarily relate to general liability and product liability mass tort claims, such as those for medical devices and other products.

       In 1986, the general liability policy form used by us and others in the property-liability industry was amended to introduce an "absolute pollution exclusion," which excluded coverage for environmental damage claims, and to add an asbestos exclusion. Most general liability policies issued prior to 1987 contain annual aggregate limits for product liability coverage. General liability policies issued in 1987 and thereafter contain annual aggregate limits for product liability coverage and annual aggregate limits for all coverages. Our experience to date is that these policy form changes have limited the extent of our exposure to environmental and asbestos claim risks.

       Our exposure to liability for asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines losses manifests differently depending on whether it arises from assumed reinsurance coverage, direct excess insurance or direct primary commercial insurance. The direct insurance coverage we provided that covered asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines was substantially "excess" in nature.

       Direct excess insurance and reinsurance involve coverage written by us for specific layers of protection above retentions and other insurance plans. The nature of excess coverage and reinsurance provided to other insurers limits our exposure to loss to specific layers of protection in excess of policyholder retention on primary insurance plans. Our exposure is further limited by the significant reinsurance that we had purchased on our direct excess business.

       Our assumed reinsurance business involved writing generally small participations in other insurers' reinsurance programs. The reinsured losses in which we participate may be a proportion of all eligible losses or eligible losses in excess of defined retentions. The majority of our assumed reinsurance exposure, approximately 85%, is for excess of loss coverage, while the remaining 15% is for pro-rata coverage.

       Our direct primary commercial insurance business did not include coverage to large asbestos manufacturers. This business comprises a cross section of policyholders engaged in many diverse business sectors located throughout the country.

       How reserve estimates are established and updated    We conduct an annual review in the third quarter to evaluate and establish asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines reserves. Changes to reserves are recorded in the reporting period in which they are determined. Using established industry and actuarial best practices and assuming no change in the regulatory or economic environment, this detailed and comprehensive "grounds up" methodology determines asbestos reserves based on assessments of the characteristics of exposure (i.e. claim activity, potential liability, jurisdiction, products versus non-products exposure) presented by individual policyholders, and determines environmental reserves based on assessments of the characteristics of exposure (i.e. environmental damages, respective shares of liability of potentially responsible parties, appropriateness and cost of remediation) to pollution and related clean-up costs. The number and cost of these claims is affected by intense advertising by trial lawyers seeking asbestos plaintiffs, and entities with asbestos exposure seeking bankruptcy protection as a result of asbestos liabilities, initially causing a delay in the reporting of claims, often followed by an acceleration and an increase in claims and claims expenses as settlements occur.

       After evaluating our insureds' probable liabilities for asbestos and/or environmental claims, we evaluate our insureds' coverage programs for such claims. We consider our insureds' total available insurance coverage, including the coverage we issued. We also consider relevant judicial interpretations of policy language and applicable coverage defenses or determinations, if any.

       Evaluation of both the insureds' estimated liabilities and our exposure to the insureds depends heavily on an analysis of the relevant legal issues and litigation environment. This analysis is conducted by our specialized claims

40



adjusting staff and legal counsel. Based on these evaluations, case reserves are established by claims adjusting staff and actuarial analysis is employed to develop an IBNR reserve, which includes estimated potential reserve development and claims that have occurred but have not been reported. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, IBNR was 62.3% and 63.8%, respectively, of combined asbestos and environmental reserves.

       For both asbestos and environmental reserves, we also evaluate our historical direct net loss and expense paid and incurred experience to assess any emerging trends, fluctuations or characteristics suggested by the aggregate paid and incurred activity.

       Other Discontinued Lines and Coverages    The following table shows reserves for other discontinued lines which provide for remaining loss and loss expense liabilities related to business no longer written by us, other than asbestos and environmental, as of December 31.

($ in millions)
  2009   2008   2007  

Other mass torts

  $ 201   $ 177   $ 189  

Workers' compensation

    122     130     133  

Commercial and other

    177     201     219  
               

Other discontinued lines

  $ 500   $ 508   $ 541  
               

       Other mass torts describes direct excess and reinsurance general liability coverage provided for cumulative injury losses other than asbestos and environmental. Workers' compensation and commercial and other include run-off from discontinued direct primary, direct excess and reinsurance commercial insurance operations of various coverage exposures other than asbestos and environmental. Reserves are based on considerations similar to those previously described, as they relate to the characteristics of specific individual coverage exposures.

       Potential reserve estimate variability    Establishing Discontinued Lines and Coverages net loss reserves for asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines claims is subject to uncertainties that are much greater than those presented by other types of claims. Among the complications are lack of historical data, long reporting delays, uncertainty as to the number and identity of insureds with potential exposure and unresolved legal issues regarding policy coverage; unresolved legal issues regarding the determination, availability and timing of exhaustion of policy limits; plaintiffs' evolving and expanding theories of liability; availability and collectability of recoveries from reinsurance; retrospectively determined premiums and other contractual agreements; estimates of the extent and timing of any contractual liability; the impact of bankruptcy protection sought by various asbestos producers and other asbestos defendants; and other uncertainties. There are also complex legal issues concerning the interpretation of various insurance policy provisions and whether those losses are covered, or were ever intended to be covered, and could be recoverable through retrospectively determined premium, reinsurance or other contractual agreements. Courts have reached different and sometimes inconsistent conclusions as to when losses are deemed to have occurred and which policies provide coverage; what types of losses are covered; whether there is an insurer obligation to defend; how policy limits are determined; how policy exclusions and conditions are applied and interpreted; and whether clean-up costs represent insured property damage. Our reserves for asbestos and environmental exposures could be affected by tort reform, class action litigation, and other potential legislation and judicial decisions. Environmental exposures could also be affected by a change in the existing federal Superfund law and similar state statutes. There can be no assurance that any reform legislation will be enacted or that any such legislation will provide for a fair, effective and cost-efficient system for settlement of asbestos or environmental claims. We believe these issues are not likely to be resolved in the near future, and the ultimate costs may vary materially from the amounts currently recorded resulting in material changes in loss reserves. Historical variability of reserve estimates is demonstrated in the Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves section of this document.

       Adequacy of reserve estimates    Management believes its net loss reserves for environmental, asbestos and other discontinued lines exposures are appropriately established based on available facts, technology, laws, regulations, and assessments of other pertinent factors and characteristics of exposure (i.e. claim activity, potential liability, jurisdiction, products versus non-products exposure) presented by individual policyholders, assuming no change in the legal, legislative or economic environment. Due to the uncertainties and factors described above, management believes it is not practicable to develop a meaningful range for any such additional net loss reserves that may be required.

       Further discussion of reserve estimates    For further discussion of these estimates and quantification of the impact of reserve estimates, reserve reestimates and assumptions, see Notes 7 and 13 to the consolidated financial statements and the Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves section of this document.

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       Reserve for life-contingent contract benefits estimation    Due to the long term nature of these policies, benefits are payable over many years; accordingly, the reserves are calculated as the present value of future expected benefits to be paid, reduced by the present value of future expected net premiums. Long-term actuarial assumptions of future investment yields, mortality, morbidity, policy terminations and expenses are used when establishing the reserve for life-contingent contract benefits payable under insurance policies including traditional life insurance, life-contingent immediate annuities and voluntary health products. These assumptions, which for traditional life insurance are applied using the net level premium method, include provisions for adverse deviation and generally vary by characteristics such as type of coverage, year of issue and policy duration. Future investment yield assumptions are determined based upon prevailing investment yields as well as estimated reinvestment yields. Mortality, morbidity and policy termination assumptions are based on our experience and industry experience. Expense assumptions include the estimated effects of inflation and expenses to be incurred beyond the premium-paying period. These assumptions are established at the time the policy is issued, are consistent with assumptions for determining DAC amortization for these policies, and are generally not changed during the policy coverage period. However, if actual experience emerges in a manner that is significantly adverse relative to the original assumptions, adjustments to DAC or reserves may be required resulting in a charge to earnings which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition. We periodically review the adequacy of reserves and recoverability of DAC for these policies on an aggregate basis using actual experience. In the event actual experience is significantly adverse compared to the original assumptions, a premium deficiency is deemed to exist and any remaining unamortized DAC balance must be expensed to the extent not recoverable and the establishment of a premium deficiency reserve may be required. In 2009 and 2007, our reviews concluded that no premium deficiency adjustments were necessary, primarily due to profit from traditional life insurance more than offsetting the projected losses in immediate annuities with life contingencies. In 2008, for traditional life insurance and immediate annuities with life contingencies, an aggregate premium deficiency of $336 million pre-tax ($219 million after-tax) resulted primarily from a study indicating that the annuitants on certain life-contingent contracts are projected to live longer than we anticipated when the contracts were issued and, to a lesser degree, a reduction in the related investment portfolio yield. The deficiency was recorded through a reduction in DAC. We will continue to monitor the experience of our traditional life insurance and immediate annuities. We anticipate that mortality, investment and reinvestment yields, and policy terminations are the factors that would be most likely to require premium deficiency adjustments to these reserves or related DAC.

       For further detail on the reserve for life-contingent contract benefits, see Note 8 of the consolidated financial statements.

PROPERTY-LIABILITY 2009 HIGHLIGHTS

Premiums written, an operating measure that is defined and reconciled to premiums earned in the Property-Liability Operations section of the MD&A, decreased 2.3% to $25.97 billion in 2009 from $26.58 billion in 2008. Allstate brand standard auto premiums written decreased 1.0% to $15.76 billion in 2009 from $15.92 billion in 2008. Allstate brand homeowners premiums written were $5.64 billion in 2009 and were comparable to 2008.
Premium operating measures and statistics contributing to overall Allstate brand standard auto premiums written decline were the following:
1.0% decrease in PIF as of December 31, 2009 compared to December 31, 2008
the six month renewal ratio was 88.9% in 2009 and was comparable to 2008
1.6% increase in the six month policy term average gross premium before reinsurance to $434 in 2009 from $427 in 2008
12.3% increase in new issued applications in 2009 compared to 2008
Premium operating measures and statistics contributing to overall Allstate brand homeowners premiums written were the following:
3.9% decrease in PIF as of December 31, 2009 compared to December 31, 2008
1.1 point increase in the twelve month renewal ratio to 88.1% in 2009 compared to 87.0% in 2008
2.6% increase in the twelve month policy term average gross premium before reinsurance to $883 in 2009 from $861 in 2008
6.4% decrease in new issued applications in 2009 compared to 2008
$96 million decrease in catastrophe reinsurance costs to $561 million in 2009 from $657 million in 2008
Factors contributing to the Allstate brand standard auto loss ratio increase of 1.2 points to 69.3 in 2009 from 68.1 in 2008 were the following:
6.2% increase in standard auto claim frequency for property damage in 2009 compared to 2008
13.1% increase in standard auto claim frequency for bodily injury in 2009 compared to 2008
0.7% decrease in auto claim severities for bodily injury in 2009 compared to 2008
0.7% decrease in auto claim severities for property damage in 2009 compared to 2008

42


Factors contributing to the Allstate brand homeowners loss ratio, which includes catastrophes, decrease of 16.7 points to 79.6 in 2009 from 96.3 in 2008 were the following:
17.5 percentage point decrease in the effect of catastrophe losses to 29.0 points in 2009 compared to 46.5 points in 2008
9.0% increase in homeowner claim frequency, excluding catastrophes, in 2009 compared to 2008
3.0% increase in claim severity, excluding catastrophes, in 2009 compared to 2008
Factors contributing to the $1.27 billion decrease in catastrophe losses to $2.07 billion in 2009 compared to $3.34 billion in 2008 were the following:
$169 million of favorable reserve reestimates in 2009 compared to $125 million unfavorable reserve reestimates in 2008
82 events with $2.24 billion of losses in 2009 compared to 123 events with losses of $3.22 billion in 2008
2008 losses included $966 million and $342 million related to Hurricanes Ike and Gustav, respectively
Factors contributing to prior year reserve reestimates of $112 million favorable in 2009 compared to $170 million unfavorable in 2008 included:
Prior year reserve reestimates related to auto, homeowners and other personal lines in 2009 contributed $57 million favorable, $168 million favorable and $89 million unfavorable, respectively, compared to prior year reserve reestimates in 2008 of $27 million favorable, $124 million unfavorable and $55 million unfavorable, respectively
prior year reserve reestimates in 2009 and 2008 are largely attributable to prior year catastrophes and a $45 million IBNR reclassification from auto to other personal lines that occurred in 2008
Property-Liability underwriting income of $995 million in 2009 compared to $164 million in 2008 included the following primary contributing factors:
Allstate brand standard auto loss ratio increased 1.2 points to 69.3 in 2009 from 68.1 in 2008
Allstate brand homeowners loss ratio, which includes catastrophes, decreased 16.7 points to 79.6 in 2009 from 96.3 in 2008

       Underwriting income, a measure not based on GAAP, is defined below.

Property-Liability investments as of December 31, 2009 were $34.53 billion, an increase of 12.0% from $30.84 billion as of December 31, 2008. Net investment income was $1.33 billion in 2009, a decrease of 20.7% from $1.67 billion in 2008.
Net realized capital losses were $168 million in 2009 compared to $1.86 billion in 2008.

PROPERTY-LIABILITY OPERATIONS

       Overview Our Property-Liability operations consist of two business segments: Allstate Protection and Discontinued Lines and Coverages. Allstate Protection comprises two brands, the Allstate brand and Encompass® brand. Allstate Protection is principally engaged in the sale of personal property and casualty insurance, primarily private passenger auto and homeowners insurance, to individuals in the United States and Canada. Discontinued Lines and Coverages includes results from insurance coverage that we no longer write and results for certain commercial and other businesses in run-off. These segments are consistent with the groupings of financial information that management uses to evaluate performance and to determine the allocation of resources.

       Underwriting income, a measure that is not based on GAAP and is reconciled to net income below, is calculated as premiums earned, less claims and claims expense ("losses"), amortization of DAC, operating costs and expenses and restructuring and related charges, as determined using GAAP. We use this measure in our evaluation of results of operations to analyze the profitability of the Property-Liability insurance operations separately from investment results. It is also an integral component of incentive compensation. It is useful for investors to evaluate the components of income separately and in the aggregate when reviewing performance. Net income is the GAAP measure most directly comparable to underwriting income. Underwriting income should not be considered as a substitute for net income and does not reflect the overall profitability of the business.

       The table below includes GAAP operating ratios we use to measure our profitability. We believe that they enhance an investor's understanding of our profitability. They are calculated as follows:

Claims and claims expense ("loss") ratio — the ratio of claims and claims expense to premiums earned. Loss ratios include the impact of catastrophe losses.
Expense ratio — the ratio of amortization of DAC, operating costs and expenses, and restructuring and related charges to premiums earned.
Combined ratio — the ratio of claims and claims expense, amortization of DAC, operating costs and expenses, and restructuring and related charges to premiums earned. The combined ratio is the sum of the loss ratio and the

43


       We have also calculated the following impacts of specific items on the GAAP operating ratios because of the volatility of these items between fiscal periods.

Effect of catastrophe losses on combined ratio — the percentage of catastrophe losses included in claims and claims expense to premiums earned. This ratio includes prior year reserve reestimates of catastrophe losses.
Effect of prior year reserve reestimates on combined ratio — the percentage of prior year reserve reestimates included in claims and claims expense to premiums earned. This ratio includes prior year reserve reestimates of catastrophe losses.
Effect of restructuring and related charges on combined ratio — the percentage of restructuring and related charges to premiums earned.
Effect of Discontinued Lines and Coverages on combined ratio — the ratio of claims and claims expense and other costs and expenses in the Discontinued Lines and Coverages segment to Property-Liability premiums earned. The sum of the effect of Discontinued Lines and Coverages on the combined ratio and the Allstate Protection combined ratio is equal to the Property-Liability combined ratio.

       Summarized financial data, a reconciliation of underwriting income to net income and GAAP operating ratios for our Property-Liability operations are presented in the following table.

($ in millions, except ratios)
  2009   2008   2007  

Premiums written

  $ 25,971   $ 26,584   $ 27,183  
               

Revenues

                   

Premiums earned

  $ 26,194   $ 26,967   $ 27,233  

Net investment income

    1,328     1,674     1,972  

Realized capital gains and losses

    (168 )   (1,858 )   1,416  
               

Total revenues

    27,354     26,783     30,621  

Costs and expenses

                   

Claims and claims expense

    (18,746 )   (20,064 )   (17,667 )

Amortization of DAC

    (3,789 )   (3,975 )   (4,121 )

Operating costs and expenses

    (2,559 )   (2,742 )   (2,634 )

Restructuring and related charges

    (105 )   (22 )   (27 )
               

Total costs and expenses

    (25,199 )   (26,803 )   (24,449 )

Income tax (expense) benefit

    (612 )   248     (1,914 )
               

Net income

 
$

1,543
 
$

228
 
$

4,258
 
               

Underwriting income

  $ 995   $ 164   $ 2,784  

Net investment income

    1,328     1,674     1,972  

Income tax expense on operations

    (558 )   (401 )   (1,413 )

Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax

    (222 )   (1,209 )   915  
               

Net income

  $ 1,543   $ 228   $ 4,258  
               

Catastrophe losses (1)

 
$

2,069
 
$

3,342
 
$

1,409
 
               

GAAP operating ratios

                   

Claims and claims expense ratio

    71.6     74.4     64.9  

Expense ratio

    24.6     25.0     24.9  
               

Combined ratio

    96.2     99.4     89.8  
               

Effect of catastrophe losses on combined ratio (1)

    7.9     12.4     5.2  
               

Effect of prior year reserve reestimates on combined ratio (1)

    (0.4 )   0.7     (0.6 )
               

Effect of restructuring and related charges on combined ratio

    0.4     0.1     0.1  
               

Effect of Discontinued Lines and Coverages on combined ratio

    0.1     0.1     0.2  
               

(1)
Prior year reserve reestimates included in catastrophe losses totaled $169 million favorable in 2009, $125 million unfavorable in 2008 and $127 million unfavorable in 2007.

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ALLSTATE PROTECTION SEGMENT

       Overview and strategy    The Allstate Protection segment sells primarily private passenger auto and homeowners insurance to individuals through Allstate Exclusive Agencies and directly through call centers and the internet under the Allstate brand. We also sell auto and homeowners insurance through independent agencies under both the Allstate brand and the Encompass brand.

       Our operating priorities for the Protection segment include achieving profitable market share growth for the auto business as well as earning acceptable returns on the homeowners business. Key goals include:

       Our customer-focused strategy for the Allstate brand aligns targeted marketing, product innovation, distribution effectiveness, and pricing toward acquiring and retaining an increased share of high lifetime value customers.

       The Allstate brand will utilize targeted marketing delivered to high lifetime value prospects to promote our strategic priorities, with messaging that continues to communicate affordability and the ease of switching to and doing business with Allstate, as well as highlighting our comprehensive product and coverage options.

       At Allstate we differentiate ourselves from competitors by offering a comprehensive range of product options as well as product customization, including Allstate Your Choice Auto® ("YCA") with options such as safe driving deductibles and a safe driving bonus. We will continue to focus on developing and introducing products and services that further differentiate Allstate and enhance the customer experience. We will broaden customer relationships by identifying the greatest cross sell opportunities such as auto sales to our 3 million monoline property customers and expanding sales of our Emerging Business and Allstate Financial products.

       Within our multiple distribution channels we are undergoing a focused effort to enhance our capabilities by implementing uniform processes and standards to elevate the level and consistency of the customer experience.

       We continue to enhance technology to integrate our distribution channels, improve customer service, facilitate the introduction of new products and services and reduce infrastructure costs related to supporting agencies and handling claims. These actions and others are designed to optimize the effectiveness of our distribution and service channels by increasing the productivity of the Allstate brand's exclusive agencies and our direct channel.

       Our pricing and underwriting are designed to enhance both our competitive position and our profit potential. We will provide and continue to enhance a range of discounts to attract more high lifetime value customer segments. For example, we implemented a new auto discount (the Preferred Package Discount), which was available in 42 states by the end of 2009, for the high lifetime value customer segment. We also increased the discount our homeowners customers receive if they insure their automobiles with Allstate.

       Pricing sophistication, which underlies our Strategic Risk Management program, uses a number of risk evaluation factors including insurance scoring, to the extent permissible by regulations, based on information that is obtained from credit reports. For Allstate brand auto and homeowners business, we continue to improve our mix of customers towards those who we consider high lifetime value that generally are homeowners that insure multiple autos with us, have better retention and more favorable loss experience.

       Our strategy for the Encompass brand includes enhancing our Premier Package Policy (a product providing customers with the ability to simplify their insurance needs by consolidating their coverage into one policy, one bill, one premium and one renewal date), increasing distribution effectiveness and improving agency technology interfaces to become the package carrier of choice for aligned agencies and generate stable, consistent earnings growth.

       The Allstate Protection segment also includes a separate organization called Emerging Businesses which is comprised of Business Insurance (commercial products for small business owners), Consumer Household (specialty products including motorcycles, boats, renters and condominium insurance policies), Allstate Dealer Services (insurance and non-insurance products sold primarily to auto dealers), Allstate Roadside Services (retail and wholesale roadside assistance products) and Ivantage (insurance agency). Premiums written by Emerging Businesses, through all channels including the Direct Channel, were $2.44 billion in 2009. We expect to accelerate profitable growth in Emerging Businesses during 2010.

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       We continue to manage our property catastrophe exposure in order to provide our shareholders an acceptable return on the risks assumed in our property business and to reduce the variability of our earnings, while providing protection to our customers. Our property business includes personal homeowners, commercial property and other property lines. At December 31, 2009, we continue to be within our goal to have no more than a 1% likelihood of exceeding our expected annual aggregate catastrophe losses by $2 billion, net of reinsurance, from hurricanes and earthquakes, based on modeled assumptions and applications currently available. The use of different assumptions and updates to industry models could materially change the projected loss.

       Property catastrophe exposure management includes purchasing reinsurance in areas that have known exposure to hurricanes, earthquakes, wildfires, fires following earthquakes and other catastrophes. We are working for changes in the regulatory environment, including recognizing the need for and improving appropriate risk based pricing and promoting the creation of government sponsored, privately funded solutions for mega-catastrophes. While the actions that we take will be primarily focused on reducing the catastrophe exposure in our property business, we also consider their impact on our ability to market our auto lines.

       Pricing of property products is typically intended to establish returns that we deem acceptable over a long-term period. Losses, including losses from catastrophic events and weather-related losses (such as wind, hail, lightning and freeze losses not meeting our criteria to be declared a catastrophe) are accrued on an occurrence basis within the policy period. Therefore, in any reporting period, loss experience from catastrophic events and weather-related losses may contribute to negative or positive underwriting performance relative to the expectations we incorporated into the products' pricing. Additionally, property products are more capital intensive than other personal lines products.

Allstate Protection outlook

Allstate Protection will emphasize attracting and retaining high lifetime value customers while maintaining pricing discipline.
We expect that volatility in the level of catastrophes we experience will contribute to variation in our underwriting results; however, this volatility will be mitigated due to our catastrophe management actions, including the purchase of reinsurance.
We will continue to study the efficiencies of our operations and cost structure for additional areas where costs may be reduced.

       Premiums written, an operating measure, is the amount of premiums charged for policies issued during a fiscal period. Premiums earned is a GAAP measure. Premiums are considered earned and are included in the financial results on a pro-rata basis over the policy period. The portion of premiums written applicable to the unexpired terms of the policies is recorded as unearned premiums on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Since the Allstate brand policy periods are typically 6 months for auto and 12 months for homeowners, and the Encompass standard auto and homeowners policy periods are typically 12 months and non-standard auto policy periods are typically 6 months, rate changes will generally be recognized in premiums earned over a period of 6 to 24 months.

       The following table shows the unearned premium balance at December 31 and the timeframe in which we expect to recognize these premiums as earned.

($ in millions)
   
   
  % earned after  
 
  2009   2008   90 days   180 days   270 days   360 days  

Allstate brand:

                                     

Standard auto

  $ 4,060   $ 4,002     73.4 %   98.2 %   99.6 %   100.0 %

Non-standard auto

    250     259     71.3 %   96.9 %   99.3 %   100.0 %

Homeowners

    3,193     3,182     43.6 %   75.7 %   94.3 %   100.0 %

Other personal lines (1)

    1,295     1,385     39.9 %   69.5 %   87.6 %   94.5 %
                                   

Total Allstate brand

    8,798     8,828     57.7 %   85.9 %   95.9 %   99.2 %

Encompass brand:

                                     

Standard auto

    399     506     44.6 %   76.3 %   94.4 %   100.0 %

Non-standard auto

    4     9     78.3 %   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %

Homeowners

    233     269     44.5 %   76.4 %   94.5 %   100.0 %

Other personal lines (1)

    52     60     44.3 %   76.1 %   94.4 %   100.0 %
                                   

Total Encompass brand

    688     844     44.7 %   76.4 %   94.5 %   100.0 %
                                   

Allstate Protection unearned premiums

  $ 9,486   $ 9,672     56.7 %   85.2 %   95.8 %   99.3 %
                                   

(1)
Other personal lines include commercial, condominium, renters, involuntary auto and other personal lines.

46


       A reconciliation of premiums written to premiums earned is shown in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2009   2008   2007  

Premiums written:

                   

Allstate Protection

  $ 25,972   $ 26,584   $ 27,183  

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    (1 )        
               

Property-Liability premiums written

    25,971     26,584     27,183  

Decrease in unearned premiums

    200     383     17  

Other

    23         33  
               

Property-Liability premiums earned

  $ 26,194   $ 26,967   $ 27,233  
               

Premiums earned:

                   

Allstate Protection

  $ 26,195   $ 26,967   $ 27,232  

Discontinued Lines and Coverages

    (1 )       1  
               

Property-Liability

  $ 26,194   $ 26,967   $ 27,233  
               

       Premiums written by brand are shown in the following tables.

($ in millions)
  Allstate brand   Encompass brand   Allstate Protection  
 
  2009   2008   2007   2009   2008   2007   2009   2008   2007  

Standard auto (1)

  $ 15,763   $ 15,918   $ 16,035   $ 800   $ 1,025   $ 1,125   $ 16,563   $ 16,943   $ 17,160  

Non-standard auto (1)

    927     1,018     1,179     22     40     68     949     1,058     1,247  

Homeowners

    5,635     5,639     5,711     408     471     538     6,043     6,110     6,249  

Other personal lines

    2,317     2,358     2,397     100     115     130     2,417     2,473     2,527  
                                       

Total

  $ 24,642   $ 24,933   $ 25,322   $ 1,330   $ 1,651   $ 1,861   $ 25,972   $ 26,584   $ 27,183  
                                       

(1)
2007 includes the impact from the fourth quarter 2007 discontinuation and reinstatement of mandatory personal injury protection in the state of Florida.

       Allstate brand premiums written, excluding Allstate Canada, by the direct channel increased 25.4% to $622 million in 2009 from $496 million in 2008, following a 24.6% increase from $398 million in 2007. The direct channel includes call centers and the internet.

       Premiums earned by brand are shown in the following tables.

($ in millions)
  Allstate brand   Encompass brand   Allstate Protection  
 
  2009   2008   2007   2009   2008   2007   2009   2008   2007  

Standard auto

  $ 15,735   $ 15,957   $ 15,952   $ 907   $ 1,091   $ 1,127   $ 16,642   $ 17,048   $ 17,079  

Non-standard auto

    939     1,055     1,232     27     45     76     966     1,100     1,308  

Homeowners

    5,633     5,758     5,732     444     503     551     6,077     6,261     6,283  

Other personal lines

    2,402     2,434     2,426     108     124     136     2,510     2,558     2,562  
                                       

Total

  $ 24,709   $ 25,204   $ 25,342   $ 1,486   $ 1,763   $ 1,890   $ 26,195   $ 26,967   $ 27,232  
                                       

       Premium operating measures and statistics that are used to analyze the business are calculated and described below. Measures and statistics presented for Allstate brand exclude Allstate Canada, loan protection and specialty auto.

47


       Standard auto premiums written totaled $16.56 billion in 2009, a decrease of 2.2% from $16.94 billion in 2008, following a 1.3% decrease from $17.16 billion in 2007.

 
  Allstate brand   Encompass brand  
Standard Auto
  2009   2008   2007   2009   2008   2007  

PIF (thousands)

    17,744     17,924     18,256     859     1,090     1,103  

Average premium-gross written (1)

  $ 434   $ 427   $ 422   $ 972   $ 961   $ 969  

Renewal ratio (%) (1)

    88.9     88.9     89.5     69.6     73.9     75.0  

(1)
Policy term is six months for Allstate brand and twelve months for Encompass brand.

       Allstate brand standard auto premiums written totaled $15.76 billion in 2009, a decrease of 1.0% from $15.92 billion in 2008, following a 0.7% decrease in 2008 from $16.04 billion in 2007. Contributing to the Allstate brand standard auto premiums written decrease in 2009 compared to 2008 were the following:

       Allstate brand standard auto premiums written decreased in 2008 compared to 2007. Contributing to the Allstate brand standard auto premiums written decrease in 2008 compared to 2007 were the following:

       In late 2008 through 2009, we took actions designed to improve Encompass brand profitability, which will continue through 2010. Some of the actions contributing to the Encompass brand standard auto premiums written decrease in 2009 compared to 2008 were the following:

       Rate increases that are indicated based on loss trend analysis to achieve a targeted return will continue to be pursued. The following table shows the rate changes that were approved for standard auto during 2009 and 2008. These rate changes do not reflect initial rates filed for insurance subsidiaries initially writing business in a state. The following table does not include rating plan enhancements, including the introduction of discounts and surcharges, that result in no change in the overall rate level in the state.

 
  # of States   Countrywide(%) (1)   State Specific(%) (2)(3)  
 
  2009   2008   2009   2008 (4)   2009   2008 (4)  

Allstate brand

    36  (5)   32     4.6     1.3     7.2     2.1  

Encompass brand

    36     33     7.3     2.5     9.3     4.8  

(1)
Represents the impact in the states where rate changes were approved during 2009 and 2008, respectively, as a percentage of total countrywide prior year-end premiums written.

48


(2)
Represents the impact in the states where rate changes were approved during 2009 and 2008, respectively, as a percentage of its respective total prior year-end premiums written in those states.
(3)
Based on historical premiums written in those states, rate changes approved for standard auto totaled $784 million in 2009 compared to $223 million in 2008.
(4)
Excluding the impact of a 15.9% rate reduction in California related to an order effective in April 2008, the Allstate brand standard auto rate change is 6.0% on a state specific basis and 3.0% on a countrywide basis in 2008.
(5)
Includes Washington D.C.

       Non-standard auto premiums written totaled $949 million in 2009, a decrease of 10.3% from $1.06 billion in 2008, following a 15.2% decrease in 2008 from $1.25 billion in 2007.

 
  Allstate brand   Encompass brand  
Non-Standard Auto
  2009   2008   2007   2009   2008   2007  

PIF (thousands)

    719     745     829     20     39     56  

Average premium-gross written

  $ 616   $ 624   $ 616   $ 476   $ 479   $ 526  

Renewal ratio (%)

    72.5     73.7     76.1     67.1     68.3     65.0  

       Allstate brand non-standard auto premiums written totaled $927 million in 2009, a decrease of 8.9% from $1.02 billion in 2008, following a 13.7% decrease in 2008 from $1.18 billion in 2007. Contributing to the Allstate brand non-standard auto premiums written decrease in 2009 compared to 2008 were the following:

       Allstate brand non-standard auto premiums written decreased in 2008 compared to 2007. Contributing to the Allstate brand non-standard auto premiums written decrease in 2008 compared to 2007 were the following:

       Rate increases that are indicated based on loss trend analysis to achieve a targeted return will continue to be pursued. The following table shows the rate changes that were approved for non-standard auto during 2009 and 2008. These rate changes do not reflect initial rates filed for insurance subsidiaries initially writing business in a state. The following table does not include rating plan enhancements, including the introduction of discounts and surcharges, that result in no change in the overall rate level in the state.

 
  # of States   Countrywide(%) (1)   State Specific(%) (2)(3)  
 
  2009   2008   2009   2008   2009   2008  

Allstate brand

    11     11  (4)   2.6         6.5      

Encompass brand

    1     4     0.9     4.8     31.7     23.2  

(1)
Represents the impact in the states where rate changes were approved during 2009 and 2008, respectively, as a percentage of total countrywide prior year-end premiums written.
(2)
Represents the impact in the states where rate changes were approved during 2009 and 2008, respectively, as a percentage of its respective total prior year-end premiums written in those states.
(3)
Based on historical premiums written in those states, rate changes approved for non-standard auto totaled $25 million in 2009 compared to $3 million in 2008.
(4)
Includes Washington D.C.

       Homeowners premiums written totaled $6.04 billion in 2009, a decrease of 1.1% from $6.11 billion in 2008, following a 2.2% decrease in 2008 from $6.25 billion in 2007. Excluding the cost of catastrophe reinsurance, premiums written

49



declined 2.4% in 2009 compared to 2008. For a more detailed discussion on reinsurance, see the Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves section of the MD&A and Note 9 of the consolidated financial statements.

 
  Allstate brand   Encompass brand  
Homeowners
  2009   2008   2007   2009   2008   2007  

PIF (thousands)

    6,973     7,255     7,570     371     446     484  

Average premium-gross written (12 months)

  $ 883   $ 861   $ 850   $ 1,265   $ 1,206   $ 1,181  

Renewal ratio (%)

    88.1     87.0     86.5     78.9     80.6     80.0  

       Allstate brand homeowners premiums written totaled $5.64 billion in 2009 and were comparable to 2008, following a 1.3% decrease in 2008 from $5.71 billion in 2007. Contributing to the Allstate brand homeowners premiums written in 2009 compared to 2008 were the following:

       Actions taken to manage our catastrophe exposure in areas with known exposure to hurricanes, earthquakes, wildfires, fires following earthquakes and other catastrophes have had an impact on our new business writings and retention for homeowners insurance, and this impact will continue in 2010, although to a lesser degree. For a more detailed discussion on exposure management actions, see the Catastrophe Management section of the MD&A.

       Allstate brand homeowners premiums written decreased in 2008 compared to 2007. Contributing to the Allstate brand homeowners premiums written decrease in 2008 compared to 2007 were the following:

       Rate increases that are indicated based on loss trend analysis to achieve a targeted return will continue to be pursued. The following table shows the rate changes that were approved for homeowners during 2009 and 2008, including rate changes approved based on our net cost of reinsurance. The following table does not include rating plan enhancements, including the introduction of discounts and surcharges, that result in no change in the overall rate level in the state.

 
  # of States   Countrywide(%) (1)   State Specific(%) (2)(3)  
 
  2009   2008   2009   2008   2009   2008  

Allstate brand (4)(5)

    40     35     8.4     (0.9 )   10.7     (1.3 )

Encompass brand (4)

    36     26     4.4     4.2     5.9     7.0  

(1)
Represents the impact in the states where rate changes were approved during 2009 and 2008, respectively, as a percentage of total countrywide prior year-end premiums written.
(2)
Represents the impact in the states where rate changes were approved during 2009 and 2008, respectively, as a percentage of its respective total prior year-end premiums written in those states.
(3)
Based on historical premiums written in those states, rate changes approved for homeowners totaled $534 million in 2009 compared to $(32) million in 2008.
(4)
Includes Washington D.C.
(5)
Excluding the impact of a 3.0% rate reduction in Texas and a 28.5% rate reduction in California related to resolutions reached in 2008, the Allstate brand homeowners rate change is 5.8% on a state specific basis and 3.2% on a countrywide basis in 2008.

50


       Underwriting results are shown in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2009   2008   2007  

Premiums written

  $ 25,972   $ 26,584   $ 27,183  
               

Premiums earned

  $ 26,195   $ 26,967   $ 27,232  

Claims and claims expense

    (18,722 )   (20,046 )   (17,620 )

Amortization of DAC

    (3,789 )   (3,975 )   (4,121 )

Other costs and expenses

    (2,552 )   (2,735 )   (2,626 )

Restructuring and related charges

    (105 )   (22 )   (27 )
               

Underwriting income

  $ 1,027   $ 189   $ 2,838  
               

Catastrophe losses

  $ 2,069   $ 3,342   $ 1,409  
               

Underwriting income (loss) by line of business

                   

Standard auto (1)

  $ 987   $ 1,247   $ 1,665  

Non-standard auto

    76     136     264  

Homeowners

    (125 )   (1,175 )   571  

Other personal lines (1)

    89     (19 )   338  
               

Underwriting income

  $ 1,027   $ 189   $ 2,838  
               

Underwriting income (loss) by brand

                   

Allstate brand

  $ 1,022   $ 220   $ 2,634  

Encompass brand

    5     (31 )   204  
               

Underwriting income

  $ 1,027   $ 189   $ 2,838  
               

(1)
During 2008, $45 million of IBNR losses were reclassified from standard auto to other personal lines to be consistent with the recording of excess liability policies' premiums and losses.

       Allstate Protection experienced underwriting income of $1.03 billion during 2009 compared to $189 million in 2008 primarily due to decreases in homeowners underwriting loss, partially offset by decreases in standard auto underwriting income. Homeowners underwriting loss decreased 89.4% to an underwriting loss of $125 million in 2009 from an underwriting loss of $1.18 billion in 2008, primarily due to lower catastrophes losses, partially offset by increases in homeowner claim frequency and claim severities excluding catastrophes. Standard auto underwriting income decreased 20.9% to $987 million in 2009 from $1.25 billion in 2008, primarily due to increases in auto claim frequency and lower premiums earned. Current year claim severity expectations continue to be consistent with relevant indices for the bodily injury coverages while physical damage coverages were generally lower than the relevant indices.

       Allstate Protection experienced underwriting income of $189 million during 2008 compared to $2.84 billion in 2007. The decrease was primarily due to increased catastrophe losses, increases in auto severities, increases in homeowners loss frequencies and unfavorable prior year reserve reestimates in the current year compared to favorable prior year reserve reestimates in 2007, partially offset by favorable auto loss frequencies and higher standard auto average premium. For further discussion and quantification of the impact of reserve estimates and assumptions, see the Application of Critical Accounting Estimates and Property-Liability Claims and Claims Expense Reserves sections of the MD&A.

       Catastrophe losses in 2009 were $2.07 billion as detailed in the table below. This compares to catastrophe losses in 2008 of $3.34 billion.

       We define a "catastrophe" as an event that produces pre-tax losses before reinsurance in excess of $1 million and involves multiple first party policyholders, or an event that produces a number of claims in excess of a preset, per-event threshold of average claims in a specific area, occurring within a certain amount of time following the event. Catastrophes are caused by various natural events including high winds, winter storms, tornadoes, hailstorms, wildfires, tropical storms, hurricanes, earthquakes and volcanoes. We are also exposed to man-made catastrophic events, such as certain acts of terrorism or industrial accidents. The nature and level of catastrophes in any future period cannot be reliably predicted.

51


       Catastrophe losses related to events that occurred by the size of the event are shown in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2009  
 
  Number
of events
   
  Claims
and claims
expense
   
  Combined
ratio
impact
  Average
catastrophe
loss per event
 

Size of catastrophe

                                     

$100 million to $250 million

    3     3.7 % $ 442     21.4 %   1.7   $ 147  

$50 million to $100 million

    11     13.4     825     39.9     3.1     75  

Less than $50 million

    68     82.9     971     46.9     3.7     14  
                             
 

Total

    82     100.0 % $ 2,238     108.2     8.5     27  
                                   

Prior year reserve reestimates

                (169 )   (8.2 )   (0.6 )      
                                 
 

Total catastrophe losses

              $ 2,069     100.0 %   7.9        
                                 

       In the years 1995 through 2009, we incurred catastrophe losses of $23.70 billion related to 994 events. Of these total losses, 36.5% related to 10 events with losses greater than $250 million per event, 10.5% related to 16 events with losses between $100 million and $250 million per event, 13.7% related to 46 events with losses between $50 million and $100 million per event, and 39.3% related to 922 events with losses less than $50 million per event. Catastrophe losses in the period 2003 through 2009 amounted to $17.26 billion or 72.8% of the total losses. Catastrophe losses greater than $50 million in the period 2003 through 2009 amounted to 51 events and $12.35 billion or 52.1% of the total losses.

       Catastrophe losses incurred by the type of event are shown in the following table.

($ in millions)
  2009   2008   2007  
 
   
  Number
of events
   
  Number
of events
   
  Number
of events
 

Hurricanes/Tropical storms

  $ 48     1   $ 1,381     5   $ 9     3  

Tornadoes

    384     4     628     19     258     16  

Wind/Hail

    1,561     67     960     81     542     60  

Wildfires

    83     5     169     9     350     3  

Other events

    162     5     79     9     123     9  
                                 

Prior year reserve reestimates

    (169 )         125           127        
                                 

Total catastrophe losses

  $ 2,069     82   $ 3,342     123   $ 1,409     91  
                           

52


       Combined ratio    Loss ratios are a measure of profitability. Loss ratios by product, and expense and combined ratios by brand, are shown in the following table. These ratios are defined in the Property-Liability Operations section of the MD&A.

 
  Loss ratio (2)   Effect of catastrophe
losses on the loss ratio
  Effect of pre-tax
reserves reestimates
on the combined ratio
 
 
  2009   2008   2007   2009   2008   2007   2009   2008   2007  

Allstate brand loss ratio:

                                                       

Standard auto

    69.3     68.1     65.8     1.2     1.5     0.6     (0.3 )   0.1     (1.1 )

Non-standard auto

    67.1     62.3     54.9     0.7     0.9     0.2     (1.6 )   (0.1 )   (7.1 )

Homeowners

    79.6     96.3     66.5     29.0     46.5     19.5     (2.6 )   2.1     2.2  

Other personal lines

    67.3     69.3     60.4     7.0     10.6     5.0     3.5     0.6     (0.9 )

Total Allstate brand loss ratio

   
71.4
   
74.4
   
64.9
   
8.1
   
12.6
   
5.3
   
(0.5

)
 
0.6
   
(0.7

)

Allstate brand expense ratio

    24.5     24.7     24.7                                      
                                                   

Allstate brand combined ratio

    95.9     99.1     89.6                                      
                                                   

Encompass brand loss ratio:

                                                       

Standard auto (1)

    75.4     66.3     64.2     0.3     0.9     0.4     0.7     (4.2 )   (3.4 )

Non-standard auto

    74.1     88.9     75.0                 (11.1 )       (6.6 )

Homeowners

    66.0     76.4     54.6     14.6     27.8     12.0     (4.3 )   0.4     (1.6 )

Other personal lines (1)

    75.9     112.9     61.8     1.9     8.9     2.2     5.6     33.1      

Total Encompass brand loss ratio

   
72.6
   
73.0
   
61.6
   
4.7
   
9.1
   
3.9
   
(0.7

)
 
(0.2

)
 
(2.8

)

Encompass brand expense ratio

    27.1     28.8     27.6                                      
                                                   

Encompass brand combined ratio

    99.7     101.8     89.2                                      
                                                   

Allstate Protection loss ratio

    71.5     74.3     64.7     7.9     12.4     5.2     (0.5 )   0.6     (0.8 )

Allstate Protection expense ratio

    24.6     25.0     24.9                                      
                                                   

Allstate Protection combined ratio

    96.1     99.3     89.6                                      
                                                   

(1)
During 2008, $45 million of IBNR losses were reclassified from standard auto to other personal lines to be consistent with the recording of excess liability policies' premiums and losses.
(2)
Ratios are calculated using the premiums earned for the respective line of business.

       Standard auto loss ratio for the Allstate brand increased 1.2 points in 2009 compared to 2008 due to higher claim frequencies. In 2009, claim frequencies in the physical damage and bodily injury coverages have returned to historical norms following exceptionally low levels in 2008. Bodily injury severity results increased in line with historical Consumer Price Index ("CPI") trends. Claims severity decreased in 2009 for the physical damage coverages, partially offsetting the increased frequencies. Standard auto loss ratio for the Allstate brand increased 2.3 points in 2008 compared to 2007 due to increased catastrophe losses, unfavorable reserve reestimates in the current year compared to favorable reserve reestimates in the prior year and higher claim severities, partially offset by lower claim frequencies. Excluding catastrophes, the 2008 underlying inflationary increase in severity was in part offset by declines in frequency, reflecting a continuation of a long-term decline in frequency and a decrease in miles driven.

       Non-standard auto loss ratio for the Allstate brand increased 4.8 points in 2009 compared to 2008 due to higher claim frequencies. Claim frequencies increased for both physical damage and casualty coverages in 2009 compared to 2008. Bodily injury severity results increased in line with historical CPI trends. Claims severity decreased in 2009 for the physical damage coverages, partially offsetting the increased frequencies. Non-standard auto loss ratio for the Allstate brand increased 7.4 points in 2008 compared to 2007 due to lower favorable reserve reestimates related to prior years, increased catastrophe losses and higher claim severities, partially offset by lower claim frequencies.

       Homeowners loss ratio for the Allstate brand decreased 16.7 points to 79.6 in 2009 from 96.3 in 2008 due to lower catastrophe losses, partially offset by higher frequencies excluding catastrophes and severities. Frequencies excluding catastrophes increased in 2009 compared to 2008, in part, due to inclement weather in 2009, including an increase in freeze related claims, driven by winter weather in the first quarter of 2009. Theft claims also drove part of the increase in frequencies in 2009 compared to 2008. In 2009, homeowner claims severity, excluding catastrophes, increased compared to 2008. Homeowners loss ratio for the Allstate brand increased 29.8 points to 96.3 in 2008 from 66.5 in 2007 due to higher catastrophe losses.

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       Expense ratio for Allstate Protection decreased 0.4 points in 2009 compared to 2008. Restructuring costs increased 0.3 points over prior year, driven by claim office consolidations, reorganization of Business Insurance and technology prioritization and efficiency efforts. Excluding restructuring, the expense ratio for Allstate Protection decreased 0.7 points in 2009 compared to 2008. The impact of lower earned premium was offset by improved operational efficiencies and more focused spending, particularly on technology, and decreases in the net cost of benefits due to favorable investment results. The expense ratio for