Genentech Announces Positive Phase I Results of Its Oral GLP-1 Receptor Agonist CT-996 for the Treatment of People With Obesity

– After four weeks of treatment, CT-996 demonstrated clinically meaningful weight loss of -7.3% (weight loss in placebo -1.2%; p < 0.001)¹ –

– Pharmacokinetic data supports a once-daily oral dosing regimen for CT-996¹ –

– The safety and tolerability profile was consistent with other oral GLP-1 receptor agonists and no unexpected safety signals were observed¹ –

Genentech, a member of the Roche Group (SIX: RO, ROG; OTCQX: RHHBY), announced today positive topline results from two arms of an ongoing multi-part Phase I clinical trial for CT-996, an investigational, once-daily, oral small molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist being developed for the treatment of both type 2 diabetes and obesity.¹ The data showed that treatment with CT-996 in participants with obesity and without type 2 diabetes resulted in a clinically meaningful placebo-adjusted mean weight loss of -6.1% within four weeks (p <0.001).¹ The full study data will be presented at an upcoming medical meeting.

Obesity is one of the most urgent health challenges in the world with extensive comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, liver disease, and chronic kidney disease.² More than four billion people - about 50% of the world’s population - are estimated to be impacted by obesity or will be overweight by 2035.^3,4

“We are pleased to see the clinically meaningful weight loss in people treated with our oral GLP-1 therapy CT-996, which could eventually help patients address both chronic weight management and glycemic control indications,” said Levi Garraway, M.D., Ph.D., chief medical officer and head of Global Product Development. “Following our data for CT-388, this is the second positive readout in less than three months from our growing metabolic pipeline, which includes both oral and injectable options to address patients' needs across a spectrum of related diseases.”

CT-996 was well tolerated, with mostly mild or moderate gastrointestinal-related adverse events, consistent with the safety profile of the incretin drug class. There were no treatment discontinuations related to the study drug.¹ The study results also showed that blood levels of CT-996 were largely unaffected either during fasting or after a standardized high-fat meal. Thus, CT-996 could potentially be dosed without regard to meal timing, thereby affording greater dosing flexibility for patients.¹ Based on the study data, CT-996 is anticipated to be used not only as a therapy for achieving glycemic control and inducing weight loss, but also potentially for oral weight maintenance therapy following weight loss induced by injectables.

Despite numerous approved treatments, the trajectory for people with obesity or its comorbidities has not changed significantly; these conditions remain underdiagnosed and undertreated so their impact on society continues to grow.⁵ Oral and injectable incretin modalities are critical to address the high unmet need. They may not only offer broader access to patients living with obesity, but together, they could also support the prevention of obesity-related comorbidities or complications such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease among many others.

About the CT-996 study⁶

The CT-996-201 trial (NCT05814107) is a multi-part, multi-cohort Phase I randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single- and multiple- ascending dose study designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CT-996 in otherwise-healthy adults who are overweight or obese, with and without type 2 diabetes. Part 1 was a single ascending dose in 40 participants with overweight or obesity (completed); part 2 was a multiple ascending dose in three sequential cohorts of a total of 25 participants with obesity without type 2 diabetes (completed); part 3 is a multiple ascending dose study in two sequential cohorts of 30 participants with obesity and type 2 diabetes (planned to be initiated in Q4 2024). The primary endpoint of the trial is safety and tolerability of CT-996; secondary endpoints include the assessment of the pharmacokinetics of CT-996, along with its effect on body weight and glucose homeostasis. Based on the current Phase I results, CT-996 will advance into Phase II clinical development.

About CT-996

CT-996 is an investigational, once-daily, oral small molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist being developed for the treatment of both type 2 diabetes and obesity.⁷ Unlike the endogenous GLP-1 hormone, CT-996 is specifically designed to be a biased GLP-1 receptor agonist that activates cAMP signaling with minimal-to-no beta-arrestin recruitment. These finely-tuned signaling properties are expected to lead to strong glycemic control, significant weight loss and good tolerability.

About the Genentech metabolism portfolio

Obesity is a heterogeneous disease and our R&D portfolio of incretin-based clinical and preclinical assets has great potential to address patients’ needs by providing treatments as mono and combination therapy for obesity, diabetes and various other cardiometabolic indications. We are developing a broad portfolio of foundational assets that range from orals to injectables, as well as molecules with new modes of action to address the multiple needs of patients living with obesity. Our differentiated incretin portfolio includes:

• CT-388, an investigational dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist for the treatment of obesity in patients with and without type 2 diabetes, currently in Phase II. Injected subcutaneously once a week, it is being developed both as a standalone and possibly also in combination, and has the potential to be a best in class therapy for chronic weight management, type 2 diabetes, and could be expanded to other indications.⁸
• CT-996, an investigational, once-daily, oral small molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist being developed for the treatment of both type 2 diabetes and obesity, currently in Phase I, with the potential to be a best-in-class oral treatment for type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management.⁶
• CT-868, an investigational, once-daily, subcutaneously injected dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist currently in Phase II with the potential to be a first in class treatment for glycemic control as an adjunct to insulin in patients living with type 1 diabetes.⁹

Incretins are gut hormones secreted after food intake that play a role in modulating blood glucose by stimulating insulin secretion and suppressing appetite. Emerging scientific data show a wider biologic effect of incretins in multiple organs including the liver, heart and brain, suggesting they may have a broader role in the body beyond glucose modulation. Over the past few years, incretins have been clinically validated as targets and are now the emerging standard of care therapies in obesity, but could also be effective in other metabolic indications, as well as in cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease.¹⁰

About Genentech

Founded more than 40 years ago, Genentech is a leading biotechnology company that discovers, develops, manufactures and commercializes medicines to treat patients with serious and life-threatening medical conditions. The company, a member of the Roche Group, has headquarters in South San Francisco, California. For additional information about the company, please visit http://www.gene.com.

References

[1] Roche data on file.

[2] Usman MS, et al. The Interplay Between Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Kidney Disease. National Library of Medicine. 2021. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK571718/ doi: 10.2337/db20211-13.

[3] World Health Organization. World Obesity Day 2022 – Accelerating action to stop obesity. [Internet; cited 2024 July]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news/item/04-03-2022-world-obesity-day-2022-accelerating-action-to-stop-obesity.

[4] The Lancet. 2024. Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. 2024;403:10401. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38432237/.

[5] Tucker S, et al. The Most Undertreated Chronic Disease: Addressing Obesity in Primary Care Settings. National Library of Medicine. 2021. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8300078/.

[6] ClinicalTrials.gov. A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase 1 Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Single and Multiple Doses of CT-996 in Overweight/Obese Participants and in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [Internet; cited 2024 July]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05814107?cond=obesity&term=CT-996%20&checkSpell=&rank=1.

[7] Carmot Therapeutics. Carmot Therapeutics Announces Completion of Acquisition by Roche [Internet; cited 2024 July]. Available from: https://carmot.us/carmot-therapeutics-announces-completion-of-acquisition-by-roche/.

[8] ClinicalTrials.gov. A Phase 1 Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled, Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of CT-388 in Otherwise Healthy Overweight and Obese Adult Participants and in Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [Internet; cited 2024 July]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04838405?cond=Obesity&term=CT-388&rank=1.

[9] ClinicalTrials.gov. A Phase 2, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of CT-868 Administered for 16 Weeks to Overweight and Obese Adult Participants With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus [Internet; cited 2024 July]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06062069?cond=Type%201%20Diabetes&term=CT-868&rank=1.

[10] Frontiers. Recent Advances in Incretin-Based Pharmacotherapies for the Treatment of Obesity and Diabetes [Internet; cited 2024 July]. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.838410/full.

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