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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
 
ý      QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017
OR
¨         TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from        to       
Commission File Number 001-16625
BUNGE LIMITED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Bermuda
 
98-0231912
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or
organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
 
 
50 Main Street, White Plains, New York
 
10606
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
(914) 684-2800
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  ý  No  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes  ý  No  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer ý
 
Accelerated filer ¨
 
Non-accelerated filer ¨
(Do not check if a smaller
reporting company)
 
Smaller reporting company ¨
 
Emerging growth company ¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934).  Yes    No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934).  Yes  ¨  No  ý
As of October 25, 2017 the number of shares issued of the registrant was:
Common shares, par value $.01 per share: 140,625,046

Table of Contents

BUNGE LIMITED
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
Item 1A.
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
Item 5.
 
 
 
Item 6.
 
 
 
 
 

2
Table of Contents

PART I— FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
BUNGE LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
(U.S. dollars in millions, except per share data)
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Net sales
 
$
11,423

 
$
11,423

 
$
34,189

 
$
30,880

Cost of goods sold
 
(10,933
)
 
(10,867
)
 
(32,884
)
 
(29,174
)
Gross profit
 
490

 
556

 
1,305

 
1,706

Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
(340
)
 
(324
)
 
(1,046
)
 
(941
)
Interest income
 
9

 
13

 
29

 
37

Interest expense
 
(64
)
 
(73
)
 
(191
)
 
(189
)
Foreign exchange gains (losses)
 
1

 
(6
)
 
108

 
9

Other income (expense) – net
 
25

 
4

 
24

 
(14
)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax
 
121

 
170

 
229

 
608

Income tax (expense) benefit
 
(29
)
 
(45
)
 
(2
)
 
(118
)
Income (loss) from continuing operations
 
92

 
125

 
227

 
490

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
—

 
5

 
—

 
(8
)
Net income (loss)
 
92

 
130

 
227

 
482

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
—


(12
)

(7
)

(8
)
Net income (loss) attributable to Bunge
 
92

 
118

 
220

 
474

Convertible preference share dividends and other obligations
 
(8
)
 
(2
)
 
(25
)
 
(27
)
Net income (loss) available to Bunge common shareholders
 
$
84

 
$
116

 
$
195

 
$
447

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings per common share—basic (Note 17)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Net income (loss) from continuing operations
 
$
0.59

 
$
0.80

 
$
1.39

 
$
3.25

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations
 
—

 
0.03

 
(0.01
)
 
(0.06
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Bunge common shareholders
 
$
0.59

 
$
0.83

 
$
1.38

 
$
3.19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings per common share—diluted (Note 17)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Net income (loss) from continuing operations
 
$
0.59

 
$
0.79

 
$
1.38

 
$
3.24

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations
 
—

 
0.04

 
(0.01
)
 
(0.05
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Bunge common shareholders
 
$
0.59

 
$
0.83

 
$
1.37

 
$
3.19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends declared per common share
 
$
0.46

 
$
0.42

 
$
1.34

 
$
1.22

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

3
Table of Contents

BUNGE LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Unaudited)
(U.S. dollars in millions)
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Net income (loss)
 
$
92

 
$
130

 
$
227

 
$
482

Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Foreign exchange translation adjustment
 
332

 
(87
)
 
458

 
898

Unrealized gains (losses) on designated cash flow and net investment hedges, net of tax (expense) benefit of nil and nil in 2017 and nil and $(1) in 2016
 
(37
)
 
—

 
(108
)
 
(339
)
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax (expense) benefit of nil and $(1) in 2017, nil and nil in 2016
 
—

 
—

 
1

 
—

Reclassification of realized net losses (gains) to net income, net of tax expense (benefit) of $2 and $1 in 2017, nil and nil in 2016
 
(12
)
 
(13
)
 
(31
)
 
(13
)
Pension adjustment, net of tax (expense) benefit of $(5) and $(1) in 2017, nil and nil in 2016
 
9

 
1

 
9

 
1

Total other comprehensive income (loss)
 
292

 
(99
)
 
329

 
547

Total comprehensive income (loss)
 
384

 
31

 
556

 
1,029

Less: comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(3
)
 
(20
)
 
(20
)
 
(20
)
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Bunge
 
$
381

 
$
11

 
$
536

 
$
1,009

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


4
Table of Contents

BUNGE LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(U.S. dollars in millions, except share data)
 
 
September 30,
2017
 
December 31,
2016
ASSETS
 
 

 
 

Current assets:
 
 

 
 

Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
389

 
$
934

Time deposits under trade structured finance program (Note 5)
 
—

 
64

Trade accounts receivable (less allowances of $104 and $122) (Note 13)
 
1,867

 
1,676

Inventories (Note 6)
 
5,848

 
4,773

Other current assets (Note 7)
 
3,881

 
3,645

Total current assets
 
11,985

 
11,092

Property, plant and equipment, net
 
5,420

 
5,099

Goodwill
 
515

 
373

Other intangible assets, net
 
338

 
336

Investments in affiliates
 
418

 
373

Deferred income taxes
 
548

 
524

Time deposits under trade structured finance program (Note 5)
 
313

 
464

Other non-current assets (Note 8)
 
1,015

 
927

Total assets
 
$
20,552

 
$
19,188

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 

 
 

Current liabilities:
 
 

 
 

Short-term debt
 
$
1,021

 
$
257

Current portion of long-term debt (Note 12)
 
287

 
938

Letter of credit obligations under trade structured finance program (Note 5)
 
313

 
528

Trade accounts payable (includes $925 and $522 carried at fair value)
 
3,650

 
3,485

Other current liabilities (Note 10)
 
2,197

 
2,476

Total current liabilities
 
7,468

 
7,684

Long-term debt (Note 12)
 
4,246

 
3,069

Deferred income taxes
 
246

 
239

Other non-current liabilities
 
842

 
853

Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
 


 


Equity (Note 16):
 
 

 
 

Convertible perpetual preference shares, par value $.01; authorized, issued and outstanding: 2017 - 6,899,700 and 2016 – 6,900,000 shares (liquidation preference $100 per share)
 
690

 
690

Common shares, par value $.01; authorized – 400,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding: 2017 – 140,608,657 shares, 2016 – 139,500,862 shares
 
1

 
1

Additional paid-in capital
 
5,223

 
5,143

Retained earnings
 
8,214

 
8,208

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (Note 16)
 
(5,662
)
 
(5,978
)
Treasury shares, at cost - 2017 and 2016 - 12,882,313 shares, respectively
 
(920
)
 
(920
)
Total Bunge shareholders’ equity
 
7,546

 
7,144

Noncontrolling interests
 
204

 
199

Total equity
 
7,750

 
7,343

Total liabilities and equity
 
$
20,552

 
$
19,188

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

5
Table of Contents

BUNGE LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(U.S. dollars in millions)
 
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 

 
 

Net income (loss)
 
$
227

 
$
482

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by (used for) operating activities:
 
 

 
 

Impairment charges
 
26

 
17

Foreign exchange (gain) loss on net debt
 
28

 
115

Bad debt expense
 
8

 
16

Depreciation, depletion and amortization
 
448

 
402

Share-based compensation expense
 
27

 
31

Deferred income tax
 
(8
)
 
105

Other, net
 
14

 
1

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, excluding the effects of acquisitions:
 
 

 
 

Trade accounts receivable
 
(200
)
 
28

Inventories
 
(837
)
 
(487
)
Secured advances to suppliers
 
101

 
205

Trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities
 
265

 
233

Advances on sales
 
(200
)
 
(157
)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative contracts
 
153

 
(157
)
Margin deposits
 
(26
)
 
(44
)
Marketable securities
 
(147
)
 
—

Other, net
 
(181
)
 
(155
)
Cash provided by (used for) operating activities
 
(302
)
 
635

INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 

 
 

Payments made for capital expenditures
 
(485
)
 
(488
)
Acquisitions of businesses (net of cash acquired)
 
(369
)
 
—

Proceeds from investments
 
398

 
584

Payments for investments
 
(686
)
 
(515
)
Settlement of net investment hedges
 
(23
)
 
(210
)
Payments for investments in affiliates
 
(77
)
 
(24
)
Other, net
 
8

 
(14
)
Cash provided by (used for) investing activities
 
(1,234
)
 
(667
)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 

 
 

Net change in short-term debt with maturities of 90 days or less
 
596

 
(128
)
Proceeds from short-term debt with maturities greater than 90 days
 
360

 
273

Repayments of short-term debt with maturities greater than 90 days
 
(206
)
 
(292
)
Proceeds from long-term debt
 
6,502

 
7,933

Repayments of long-term debt
 
(6,100
)
 
(7,430
)
Proceeds from the exercise of options for common shares
 
58

 
—

Repurchases of common shares
 
—

 
(200
)
Dividends paid
 
(207
)
 
(191
)
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest
 
—

 
(39
)
Other, net
 
(34
)
 
(28
)
Cash provided by (used for) financing activities
 
969

 
(102
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
 
22

 
20

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 
(545
)
 
(114
)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
 
934

 
411

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
 
$
389

 
$
297

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

6
Table of Contents

BUNGE LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY AND REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS
(Unaudited)
(U.S. dollars in millions, except share data)
 
 
 
 
 
Convertible
Preference Shares
 
Common Shares
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Redeemable
Non-
Controlling
Interests
 
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 
Treasury
Shares
 
Non-
Controlling
Interests
 
Total
Equity
Balance, January 1, 2017
 
$
—

 
 
6,900,000

 
$
690

 
139,500,862

 
$
1

 
$
5,143

 
$
8,208

 
$
(5,978
)
 
$
(920
)
 
$
199

 
$
7,343

Net income (loss)
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
220

 
—

 
—

 
7

 
227

Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
316

 
—

 
13

 
329

Dividends on common shares
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(189
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(189
)
Dividends on preference shares
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(25
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(25
)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests on subsidiary common stock
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(10
)
 
(10
)
Noncontrolling decrease from redemption
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(5
)
 
(5
)
Share-based compensation expense
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
27

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
27

Issuance of common shares
 
—

 
 
(300
)
 
—

 
1,107,795

 
—

 
53

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
53

Balance, September 30, 2017
 
$
—

 
 
6,899,700

 
$
690

 
140,608,657

 
$
1

 
$
5,223

 
$
8,214

 
$
(5,662
)
 
$
(920
)
 
$
204

 
$
7,750

 
 
 
 
 
Convertible
Preference Shares
 
Common Shares
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Redeemable
Non-
Controlling
Interests
 
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 
Treasury
Shares
 
Non-
Controlling
Interests
 
Total
Equity
Balance, January 1, 2016
 
$
37

 
 
6,900,000

 
$
690

 
142,483,467

 
$
1

 
$
5,105

 
$
7,725

 
$
(6,360
)
 
$
(720
)
 
$
211

 
$
6,652

Net income (loss)
 
1

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
474

 
—

 
—

 
8

 
482

Accretion of noncontrolling interest
 
2

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(2
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(2
)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
(1
)
 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
535

 
—

 
12

 
547

Dividends on common shares
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(170
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(170
)
Dividends on preference shares
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(25
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(25
)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests on subsidiary common stock
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(7
)
 
(7
)
Noncontrolling decrease from redemption
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(8
)
 
(7
)
Deconsolidation of a subsidiary
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(22
)
 
(22
)
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest
 
(39
)
 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Share-based compensation expense
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
31

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
31

Repurchase of common shares
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
(3,296,230
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(200
)
 
—

 
(200
)
Issuance of common shares
 
—

 
 
—

 
—

 
265,539

 
—

 
(2
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(2
)
Balance, September 30, 2016
 
$
—

 
 
6,900,000

 
$
690

 
139,452,776

 
$
1

 
$
5,133

 
$
8,004

 
$
(5,825
)
 
$
(920
)
 
$
194

 
$
7,277

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


7
Table of Contents

BUNGE LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bunge Limited (“Bunge”), its subsidiaries and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which Bunge is considered to be the primary beneficiary, and as a result, include the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of all entities over which Bunge has a controlling financial interest. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”).  Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2016 has been derived from Bunge’s audited consolidated financial statements at that date.  Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2017.  The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2016, forming part of Bunge’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 28, 2017.
2.
ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
The below outlines new accounting pronouncements issued in 2017, as well as updates on certain previously disclosed Accounting Standard Updates (“ASU”) not yet adopted.
New Accounting Pronouncements — In August 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvement to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which better aligns hedge accounting with an organization’s risk management activities in its financial statements. In addition, the ASU simplifies the application of hedge accounting guidance in areas where practice issues exist. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including interim periods within those years. Bunge is assessing the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-10, Service Concession Arrangements (Topic 853): Determining the Customer of the Operation Services. Topic 853 provides guidance for operating entities when they enter into a service concession arrangement with a public-sector grantor who both:
•
Controls or has the ability to modify or approve the services to be provided with the infrastructure and the related price
•
Controls, through ownership, beneficial entitlement, or otherwise, any residual interest in the infrastructure at the end of the term of the arrangement.
In a service concession arrangement within the scope of Topic 853, the operating entity should not account for the infrastructure as a lease or as property, plant, and equipment. An operating entity should refer to other Topics to account for various aspects of a service concession arrangement. For example, an operating entity should account for revenue relating to construction, upgrade, or operation services in accordance with Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
The amendments in this ASU apply to the accounting by operating entities for service concession arrangements within the scope of Topic 853. These updates will be effective when Bunge adopts the updates to Topic 606 on January 1, 2018. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on Bunge's consolidated financial statements.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting. The new guidance requires an entity to apply modification accounting to share-based payment awards only if the fair value, vesting conditions, or classification of the award as equity or liability changes as a result of a change in terms or conditions of the award. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in the ASU should be applied prospectively to an award modified on or after the adoption date. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on Bunge's consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost, which changes the presentation of net periodic benefit cost related to employer sponsored defined benefit plans and other postretirement benefits. Service cost should be included in the same income statement line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendered during the period, while other components of net periodic benefit pension cost should be presented separately outside of operating income. Additionally, only service costs may be capitalized in assets. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. Entities should apply the guidance on the presentation of the components of net periodic benefit cost in the income statement retrospectively. The guidance limiting the capitalization of net periodic benefit cost in assets to the service cost component should be applied prospectively. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on Bunge’s consolidated financial statements.
In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-05, Other Income-Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets. The new guidance clarifies the scope of Subtopic 610-20 on the sale or transfer of nonfinancial assets to noncustomers, including partial sales. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. The new requirements may be implemented either retrospectively to each period presented in the financial statements, or retrospectively with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings at the date of initial application. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on Bunge’s consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. The new guidance eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Instead an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for annual or interim impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The new requirements should be implemented on a prospective basis. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on Bunge’s consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business. The amendments provide that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. Otherwise, to be considered a business, a set must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create output. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted. The new requirements should be implemented on a prospective basis. The adoption of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on Bunge’s consolidated financial statements.
In May 2014, the FASB amended ASC (Topic 605) Revenue Recognition and created ASC (Topic 606): Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. During 2016, the FASB issued additional implementation guidance and practical expedients in ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, and ASU 2016-20, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, to improve the guidance. The changes will be effective with respect to Bunge as of January 1, 2018 and it is expected that the modified retrospective approach will be applied with a cumulative-effect adjustment to opening retained earnings. Management has completed its adoption assessment and does not expect a material impact on Bunge's results of operations, financial position or cash flows. This is due to the fact that the majority of Bunge's revenue streams apply fair value accounting and are not within the scope of this guidance and for revenue streams within the scope of this guidance, the current timing and measurement of revenue recognition is not expected to change significantly. Topic 606 also requires expanded disclosure, particularly as it relates to the disclosure of segment revenues.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements - In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-17: Consolidation (Topic 810): Interests Held through Related Parties That Are under Common Control, which provides that a single decision maker is not required to consider indirect interests held through related parties that are under common control with the decision maker to be equivalents of direct interests in their entity. Bunge adopted this ASU upon its effective date of January 1, 2017 and the adoption did not have a material impact on Bunge's consolidated financial statements.

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In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This update identifies areas for simplification involving several aspects of accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, an option to recognize gross stock compensation expense with actual forfeitures recognized as they occur, as well as certain classifications on the statement of cash flows. Bunge adopted this ASU upon its effective date of January 1, 2017 and the adoption did not have a material impact on Bunge's consolidated financial statements.
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory, which requires entities that measure inventory using the first-in, first-out or average cost methods to measure inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is defined as estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. Bunge adopted this ASU upon its effective date of January 1, 2017 and the adoption did not have a material impact on Bunge's consolidated financial statements.
3.     GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS PROGRAM
In July 2017, Bunge announced a global competitiveness program (“GCP”) to improve its cost position and deliver increased value to shareholders. The GCP will, among other things, rationalize Bunge’s cost structure and reengineer the way the company operates in order to reduce overhead costs. One of the GCP’s key objectives will be to streamline processes and consolidate back office functions to improve efficiency and scalability.
The GCP will comprise restructuring initiatives that may include the sale or disposal of long-lived assets, reduction of workforce and rationalization of certain investments. As Bunge continues to review its opportunities, certain charges may be recorded in earnings, including severance and other employee benefit costs, other costs related to the disposal of assets or investments and costs related to professional services.
The table below sets forth, by segment, the types of costs recorded for the GCP during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.
 
Severance and Other
 
Disposal of Assets
 
Professional
 
Total
(US$ in millions)
Employee Benefit Costs
or Investments
Services
Charges
Agribusiness Segment
$
4

 
$
17

 
$
3

 
$
24

Edible Oils Segment
2

 
1

 
1

 
4

Milling Segment
1

 
1

 
1

 
3

Sugar and Bioenergy Segment
—

 
1

 
1

 
2

Total
$
7

 
$
20

 
$
6

 
$
33

For the costs recorded above, $2 million were recorded in Cost of goods sold, $18 million were recorded in Selling, general and administrative expenses, and $13 million were recorded in Other income (expense) - net.

On September 27, 2017, as part of the GCP, Bunge offered a voluntary early retirement program to certain U.S. based salaried employees. Those employees had until October 31, 2017 to accept or decline the offer. For those employees who accepted, Bunge will recognize severance and other employee benefit costs of approximately $36 million in the fourth quarter of 2017.

4.
BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS
On September 12, 2017, Bunge announced that it entered into a definitive agreement to acquire a 70% ownership interest in IOI Loders Croklaan ("Loders") from IOI Corporation Berhad ("IOI") for approximately $946 million, comprising €297 million and $595 million in cash. The transaction expands Bunge's value-added capabilities, reach, and scale across core geographies to establish Bunge as a global leader in B2B oil solutions. Loders' portfolio includes a full range of palm and tropical oil-derived products with strength in confectionery, bakery and infant nutrition applications. Loders serves global food industry customers in more than 100 countries around the world. The transaction is expected to close in the first half of 2018, subject to customary closing conditions, including receipt of required regulatory approvals and the approval of a majority of IOI shareholders.
On February 28, 2017, Bunge acquired two oilseed processing plants and related operations in the Netherlands and France pursuant to an agreement with Cargill, Inc. Bunge paid a total purchase price of approximately $322 million. The purchase price allocation resulted in $109 million allocated to property, plant and equipment, $103 million to other net assets

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and liabilities and $7 million to finite-lived intangible assets. The transaction also resulted in $103 million of goodwill allocated to Bunge’s agribusiness operations.
5.
TRADE STRUCTURED FINANCE PROGRAM
Bunge engages in various trade structured finance activities to leverage the value of its trade flows across its operating regions. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the net returns from these activities were $27 million and $45 million, respectively, and were included as a reduction of cost of goods sold in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income. These activities include programs under which Bunge generally obtains U.S. dollar-denominated letters of credit (“LCs”) (each based on an underlying commodity trade flow) from financial institutions and time deposits denominated in either the local currency of the financial institutions' counterparties or in U.S. dollars, as well as foreign exchange forward contracts, and other programs in which trade related payables are set-off against receivables, all of which are subject to legally enforceable set-off agreements.
The table below summarizes the assets and liabilities included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and the associated fair value amounts at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, related to the program.  The fair values approximated the carrying amount of the related financial instruments.
(US$ in millions)
 
September 30,
2017
 
December 31,
2016
Current assets:
 
 

 
 

Carrying value of time deposits
 
$
—

 
$
64

Fair value (Level 2 measurement) of time deposits
 
$
—

 
$
64

 
 
 
 
 
Non-current assets:
 
 
 
 
Carrying value of time deposits
 
$
313

 
$
464

Fair value (Level 2 measurement) of time deposits
 
$
313

 
$
464

 
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Carrying value of letters of credit obligations
 
$
313

 
$
528

Fair value (Level 2 measurement) of letters of credit obligations
 
$
313

 
$
528

As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, time deposits and LCs of $6,766 million and $5,732 million, respectively, were presented net on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as the criteria of ASC 210-20, Offsetting, had been met. Additionally, as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, receivables and trade payables of $896 million and nil, respectively, were presented net on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as the criteria of ASC 210-20, Offsetting, had been met. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, time deposits, including those presented on a net basis, carried weighted-average interest rates of 2.84% and 2.36%, respectively.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, total net proceeds from issuances of LCs were $5,889 million and $5,165 million, respectively. These cash inflows are offset by the related cash outflows resulting from placement of the time deposits and repayment of the LCs. All cash flows related to the programs are included in operating activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.
6.
INVENTORIES
Inventories by segment are presented below. Readily marketable inventories (“RMI”) are agricultural commodity inventories, such as soybeans, soybean meal, soybean oil, corn, and wheat carried at fair value because of their commodity characteristics, widely available markets, and international pricing mechanisms.  All other inventories are carried at lower of cost or net realizable value.

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(US$ in millions)
 
September 30,
2017
 
December 31,
2016
Agribusiness (1)
 
$
4,536

 
$
3,741

Edible Oil Products (2)
 
442

 
404

Milling Products
 
187

 
167

Sugar and Bioenergy (3)
 
583

 
406

Fertilizer
 
100

 
55

Total
 
$
5,848

 
$
4,773

 
(1)
Includes RMI of $4,398 million and $3,593 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.  Of these amounts, $3,351 million and $2,523 million can be attributable to merchandising activities at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
(2)
Includes RMI of bulk soybean and canola oil in the aggregate amount of $109 million and $123 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
(3)
Includes sugar RMI of $195 million and $139 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Of these amounts, $189 million and $139 million can be attributable to merchandising activities at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
7.
OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
Other current assets consist of the following:
(US$ in millions)
 
September 30,
2017
 
December 31,
2016
Unrealized gains on derivative contracts, at fair value
 
$
1,024

 
$
1,327

Prepaid commodity purchase contracts (1)
 
418

 
273

Secured advances to suppliers, net (2)
 
377

 
601

Recoverable taxes, net
 
459

 
467

Margin deposits
 
277

 
251

Marketable securities, at fair value and other short-term investments
 
544

 
94

Deferred purchase price receivable, at fair value (3)
 
123

 
87

Income taxes receivable
 
235

 
181

Prepaid expenses
 
147

 
148

Other
 
277

 
216

Total
 
$
3,881

 
$
3,645

 
(1)
Prepaid commodity purchase contracts represent advance payments against contracts for future delivery of specified quantities of agricultural commodities.
(2)
Bunge provides cash advances to suppliers, primarily Brazilian farmers of soybeans and sugarcane, to finance a portion of the suppliers’ production costs.  Bunge does not bear any of the costs or operational risks associated with the related growing crops.  The advances are largely collateralized by future crops and physical assets of the suppliers, carry a local market interest rate, and settle when the farmer’s crop is harvested and sold.  The secured advances to farmers are reported net of allowances of $1 million at September 30, 2017 and $1 million at December 31, 2016. There were no significant changes in the allowance at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Interest earned on secured advances to suppliers of $7 million and $7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $34 million and $25 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, is included in net sales in the condensed consolidated statements of income.
(3)
Deferred purchase price receivable represents additional credit support for the investment conduits in Bunge’s accounts receivables sales program (see Note 13).

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Marketable Securities and Other Short-Term Investments - Bunge invests in foreign government securities, corporate debt securities, deposits, and other securities. The following is a summary of amounts recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets for marketable securities and other short-term investments.
(US$ in millions)
 
September 30,
2017
 
December 31,
2016
Foreign government securities
 
$
521

 
$
28

Corporate debt securities
 
21

 
57

Certificate of deposits/time deposits
 
—

 
7

Other
 
2

 
2

Total marketable securities and other short-term investments
 
$
544

 
$
94

As of September 30, 2017, total marketable securities and other short-term investments includes $1 million of assets classified as available for sale, $541 million as trading and $2 million as other short-term investments. As of December 31, 2016, total marketable securities and other short-term investments includes $22 million of assets classified as available for sale, $63 million as trading and $9 million as other short-term investments.  Held-to-maturity foreign government and corporate debt securities and certificate of deposits/time deposits are expected to be converted to cash within a twelve month period and are therefore classified as current. Due to the short term nature of these investments, carrying value approximates fair value.
8.
OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS
Other non-current assets consist of the following:
(US$ in millions)
 
September 30,
2017
 
December 31,
2016
Recoverable taxes, net (1)
 
$
142

 
$
139

Judicial deposits (1)
 
143

 
129

Other long-term receivables
 
13

 
23

Income taxes receivable (1)
 
294

 
261

Long-term investments
 
63

 
54

Affiliate loans receivable
 
26

 
25

Long-term receivables from farmers in Brazil, net (1)
 
148

 
133

Other
 
186

 
163

Total
 
$
1,015

 
$
927

 
(1)
These non-current assets arise primarily from Bunge’s Brazilian operations and their realization could take several years.
Recoverable taxes, net - Recoverable taxes are reported net of allowances of $29 million and $32 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Judicial deposits - Judicial deposits are funds that Bunge has placed on deposit with the courts in Brazil. These funds are held in judicial escrow relating to certain legal proceedings pending legal resolution and bear interest at the SELIC rate, which is the benchmark rate of the Brazilian central bank.
Income taxes receivable - Income taxes receivable includes overpayments of current income taxes plus accrued interest. These income tax prepayments are expected to be primarily utilized for settlement of future income tax obligations. Income taxes receivable in Brazil bear interest at the SELIC rate.
Affiliate loans receivable - Affiliate loans receivable are primarily interest bearing receivables from unconsolidated affiliates with a remaining maturity of greater than one year.
Long-term receivables from farmers in Brazil, net of reserves - Bunge provides financing to farmers in Brazil, primarily through secured advances against farmer commitments to deliver agricultural commodities (primarily soybeans) upon harvest of the then-current year’s crop and through credit sales of fertilizer to farmers.

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The average recorded investment in long-term receivables from farmers in Brazil for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016 was $263 million and $235 million, respectively.  The table below summarizes Bunge’s recorded investment in long-term receivables from farmers in Brazil and the related allowance amounts.
 
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
(US$ in millions)
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Allowance
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Allowance
For which an allowance has been provided:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Legal collection process (1)
 
$
102

 
$
87

 
$
84

 
$
78

Renegotiated amounts (2)
 
27

 
24

 
36

 
31

For which no allowance has been provided:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Legal collection process (1)
 
77

 
—

 
60

 
—

Renegotiated amounts (2)
 
21

 
—

 
16

 
—

Other long-term receivables
 
32

 
—

 
46

 
—

Total
 
$
259

 
$
111

 
$
242

 
$
109

(1)
All amounts in legal process are considered past due upon initiation of legal action.
(2)
All renegotiated amounts are current on repayment terms.
The table below summarizes the activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts related to long-term receivables from farmers in Brazil.
 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(US$ in millions)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Beginning balance
 
$
109

 
$
111

 
$
109

 
$
100

Bad debt provisions
 
—

 
—

 
10

 
1

Recoveries
 
(3
)
 
(2
)
 
(11
)
 
(11
)
Transfers
 
—

 
1

 
—

 
1

Foreign exchange translation
 
5

 
(1
)
 
3

 
18

Ending balance
 
$
111

 
$
109

 
$
111

 
$
109

9.
INCOME TAXES
Income tax expense is provided on an interim basis based on management’s estimate of the annual effective income tax rate and includes the tax effects of certain discrete items, such as changes in tax laws or tax rates or other unusual or non-recurring tax adjustments in the interim period in which they occur. In addition, jurisdictions with a projected loss for the year or a year-to-date loss where no tax benefit can be recognized are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate. The effective tax rate is highly dependent on the geographic distribution of Bunge’s worldwide earnings or losses and tax regulations in each jurisdiction. Management regularly monitors the assumptions used in estimating its annual effective tax rate and adjusts estimates accordingly, including the realizability of deferred tax assets. Volatility in earnings results in a taxing jurisdiction could result in a determination that additional valuation allowance adjustments may be warranted. While management does not currently believe any future valuation allowance adjustments will be significant, the actual results may be different and the impact of such amounts will be recorded in the period in which management's assessment changes.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, income tax expense related to continuing operations was $2 million and $118 million, respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 1% and 19%. The year-to-date effective tax rate of 1% in 2017 was primarily due to certain discrete items, including an income tax benefit of $32 million for a favorable resolution of income tax matters in Asia and an income tax benefit of $17 million related to a tax election in South America. The 2016 year-to-date effective tax rate of 19% was driven primarily by discrete items, including an income tax benefit of $60 million recorded for a change in estimate resulting from a tax election for North America and an income tax benefit of $11 million recorded for income tax refund claims in Europe, partially offset by an income tax charge of $(32) million recorded for an uncertain tax position related to Asia. Excluding the effect of these discrete items noted above, Bunge's effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, was 22% and 26%, respectively. The reduction in the effective tax rate

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from 2016 to 2017, taking into account an exclusion of the discrete tax items noted above, is primarily attributable to favorable earnings mix and increased tax exempt income.
Bunge believes that it is reasonably possible that approximately $25 million of its unrecognized tax benefits may be recognized within the next twelve months as a result of the lapse of statute of limitations, or settlement with the tax authorities.
As a global enterprise, Bunge files income tax returns that are subject to periodic examination and challenge by federal, state and foreign tax authorities. In many jurisdictions, income tax examinations, including settlement negotiations or litigation, may take several years to finalize. While it is difficult to predict the final outcome or timing of resolution of any particular matter, management believes that the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the largest amount of tax benefit that is more likely than not to be realized.
10.
OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES
Other current liabilities consist of the following:
(US$ in millions)
 
September 30,
2017
 
December 31,
2016
Unrealized losses on derivative contracts, at fair value
 
$
1,054

 
$
1,203

Accrued liabilities
 
663

 
548

Advances on sales
 
196

 
395

Other
 
284

 
330

Total
 
$
2,197

 
$
2,476

11.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Bunge’s various financial instruments include certain components of working capital such as cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable and trade accounts payable.  Additionally, Bunge uses short and long-term debt to fund operating requirements.  Cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, trade accounts payable and short-term debt are stated at their carrying value, which is a reasonable estimate of fair value.  See Note 13 for deferred purchase price receivable (“DPP”) related to sales of trade receivables, Note 8 for long-term receivables from farmers in Brazil, net and other long-term investments and Note 12 for long-term debt. Bunge’s financial instruments also include derivative instruments and marketable securities, which are stated at fair value.
The majority of Bunge’s exchange traded agricultural commodity futures are settled daily, generally through its clearing subsidiary and therefore, such futures are not included in the table below.  Assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is a significant component of the fair value measurement.  The lowest level of input is considered Level 3.

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The following table sets forth, by level, Bunge’s assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis.
 
 
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date
 
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
(US$ in millions)
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Assets:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Readily marketable inventories (Note 6)
 
$
—

 
$
4,133

 
$
569

 
$
4,702

 
$
—

 
$
3,618

 
$
237

 
$
3,855

Trade accounts receivable (1)
 
—

 
6

 
—

 
6

 
—

 
6

 
—

 
6

Unrealized gain on designated derivative contracts(2):
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1

 
—

 
1

Foreign exchange
 
—

 
25

 
—

 
25

 
—

 
29

 
—

 
29

Unrealized gain on undesignated derivative contracts (2):
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1

 
—

 
1

Foreign exchange
 
—

 
416

 
—

 
416

 
—

 
312

 
—

 
312

Commodities
 
107

 
406

 
19

 
532

 
421

 
431

 
96

 
948

Freight
 
25

 
—

 
6

 
31

 
16

 
—

 
—

 
16

Energy
 
20

 
—

 
—

 
20

 
23

 
1

 
—

 
24

Deferred purchase price receivable (Note 13 )
 
—

 
123

 
—

 
123

 
—

 
87

 
—

 
87

Other (3)
 
14

 
684

 
—

 
698

 
18

 
108

 
—

 
126

Total assets
 
$
166

 
$
5,793

 
$
594

 
$
6,553

 
$
478

 
$
4,594

 
$
333

 
$
5,405

Liabilities:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Trade accounts payable (1)
 
$
—

 
$
676

 
$
249

 
$
925

 
$
—

 
$
478

 
$
44

 
$
522

Unrealized loss on designated derivative contracts (4):
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate
 
—

 
20

 
—

 
20

 
—

 
18

 
—

 
18

Unrealized loss on undesignated derivative contracts (4):
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate
 
—

 
1

 
—

 
1

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Foreign exchange
 
—

 
419

 
—

 
419

 
—

 
233

 
—

 
233

Commodities
 
141

 
432

 
20

 
593

 
356

 
444

 
144

 
944

Freight
 
19

 
—

 
5

 
24

 
14

 
—

 
1

 
15

Energy
 
14

 
—

 
3

 
17

 
9

 
—

 
2

 
11

Total liabilities
 
$
174

 
$
1,548

 
$
277

 
$
1,999

 
$
379

 
$
1,173

 
$
191

 
$
1,743

 
(1)
Trade accounts receivable and payable are generally stated at historical amounts, net of write-offs and allowances, with the exception of $6 million and $925 million, respectively, at September 30, 2017 and $6 million and $522 million, respectively, at December 31, 2016, related to certain delivered inventory for which the receivable and payable fluctuate based on changes in commodity prices. These receivables and payables are hybrid financial instruments for which Bunge has elected the fair value option.
(2)
Unrealized gains on designated and undesignated derivative contracts are generally included in other current assets. There are nil and $5 million included in other non-current assets at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
(3)
Other includes the fair values of marketable securities and investments in other current assets and other non-current assets.

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(4)
Unrealized losses on designated and undesignated derivative contracts are generally included in other current liabilities. There are $20 million and $18 million included in other non-current liabilities at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Derivatives — Exchange traded futures and options contracts and exchange cleared contracts are valued based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets and are classified within Level 1.  Bunge’s forward commodity purchase and sale contracts are classified as derivatives along with OTC derivative instruments relating primarily to freight, energy, foreign exchange and interest rates, and are classified within Level 2 or Level 3 as described below.  Bunge estimates fair values based on exchange quoted prices, adjusted as appropriate for differences in local markets.  These differences are generally valued using inputs from broker or dealer quotations or market transactions in either the listed or OTC markets.  In such cases, these derivative contracts are classified within Level 2.
OTC derivative contracts include swaps, options and structured transactions that are valued at fair value generally determined using quantitative models that require the use of multiple market inputs including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets which are not highly active, other observable inputs relevant to the asset or liability, and market inputs corroborated by correlation or other means.  These valuation models include inputs such as interest rates, prices and indices to generate continuous yield or pricing curves and volatility factors.  Where observable inputs are available for substantially the full term of the asset or liability, the instrument is categorized in Level 2.  Certain OTC derivatives trade in less active markets with less availability of pricing information and certain structured transactions can require internally developed model inputs that might not be observable in or corroborated by the market.  When unobservable inputs have a significant impact on the measurement of fair value, the instrument is categorized in Level 3.
Exchange traded or cleared derivative contracts are classified in Level 1. Transfers of assets and liabilities into and/or out of Level 1 occur infrequently.  Transfers into Level 1 would generally only be expected to occur when an exchange cleared derivative contract historically valued using a valuation model as the result of a lack of observable inputs becomes sufficiently observable, resulting in the valuation price being essentially the exchange traded price.  There were no significant transfers into or out of Level 1 during the periods presented.
Readily marketable inventories — RMI reported at fair value are valued based on commodity futures exchange quotations, broker or dealer quotations, or market transactions in either listed or OTC markets with appropriate adjustments for differences in local markets where Bunge’s inventories are located. In such cases, the inventory is classified within Level 2.  Certain inventories may utilize significant unobservable data related to local market adjustments to determine fair value. In such cases, the inventory is classified as Level 3.
If Bunge used different methods or factors to determine fair values, amounts reported as unrealized gains and losses on derivative contracts and RMI at fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and condensed consolidated statements of income could differ.  Additionally, if market conditions change subsequent to the reporting date, amounts reported in future periods as unrealized gains and losses on derivative contracts and RMI at fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and condensed consolidated statements of income could differ.
Level 3 Measurements — Transfers in and/or out of Level 3 represent existing assets or liabilities that were either previously categorized as a higher level for which the inputs to the model became unobservable or assets and liabilities that were previously classified as Level 3 for which the lowest significant input became observable during the period. Bunge’s policy regarding the timing of transfers between levels is to record the transfers at the beginning of the reporting period.
Level 3 Derivatives — Level 3 derivative instruments utilize both market observable and unobservable inputs within the fair value measurements.  These inputs include commodity prices, price volatility, interest rates, volumes and locations.  In addition, with the exception of the exchange cleared instruments, Bunge is exposed to loss in the event of the non-performance by counterparties on OTC derivative instruments and forward purchase and sale contracts.  Adjustments are made to fair values on occasions when non-performance risk is determined to represent a significant input in Bunge’s fair value determination.  These adjustments are based on Bunge’s estimate of the potential loss in the event of counterparty non-performance. Bunge did not have significant adjustments related to non-performance by derivative counterparties at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Level 3 Readily marketable inventories and other — The significant unobservable inputs resulting in Level 3 classification for RMI physically settled forward purchase and sale contracts, and trade accounts receivable and payable, net, relate to certain management estimations regarding costs of transportation and other local market or location-related adjustments, primarily freight related adjustments in the interior of Brazil and the lack of market corroborated information in Canada.  In both situations, Bunge uses proprietary information such as purchase and sale contracts and contracted prices for

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freight, premiums and discounts to value its contracts.  Movements in the price of these unobservable inputs alone would not have a material effect on Bunge’s financial statements as these contracts do not typically exceed one future crop cycle.
The tables below present reconciliations for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.  These instruments were valued using pricing models that management believes reflect the assumptions that would be used by a marketplace participant.
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
(US$ in millions)
 
Derivatives,
Net
 
Readily
Marketable
Inventories
 
Trade
Accounts
Receivable/
Payable, Net
 
Total
Balance, July 1, 2017
 
$
—

 
$
623

 
$
(453
)
 
$
170

Total gains and (losses), realized/unrealized included in cost of goods sold
 
(4
)
 
23

 
(2
)
 
17

Purchases
 
3

 
233

 
(5
)
 
231

Sales
 
—

 
(443
)
 
—

 
(443
)
Issuances
 
(3
)
 
—

 
—

 
(3
)
Settlements
 
(1
)
 
—

 
214

 
213

Transfers into Level 3
 
(1
)
 
162

 
(4
)
 
157

Transfers out of Level 3
 
3

 
(29
)
 
1

 
(25
)
Balance, September 30, 2017
 
$
(3
)
 
$
569

 
$
(249
)
 
$
317

 
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
(US$ in millions)
 
Derivatives,
Net
 
Readily
Marketable
Inventories
 
Trade
Accounts
Receivable/
Payable, Net
 
Total
Balance, July 1, 2016
 
$
127

 
$
917

 
$
(188
)
 
$
856

Total gains and (losses), realized/unrealized included in cost of goods sold
 
(120
)
 
12

 
7

 
(101
)
Purchases
 
—

 
171

 
(8
)
 
163

Sales
 
—

 
(517
)
 
—

 
(517
)
Issuances
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Settlements
 
(37
)
 
—

 
95

 
58

Transfers into Level 3
 
(5
)
 
208

 
—

 
203

Transfers out of Level 3
 
(1
)
 
(499
)
 
51

 
(449
)
Balance, September 30, 2016
 
$
(36
)
 
$
292

 
$
(43
)
 
$
213