Rule 424(b)(4)
Registration No. 333-142451

PROSPECTUS
 
NEURALSTEM, INC.
A DELAWARE CORPORATION

3,975,480
Common Shares


The selling stockholders identified on pages 34 of this prospectus are offering on a resale basis a total of 3,975,480 shares of our common stock. Although we will incur expenses in connection with the registration of the common stock, we will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the shares of common stock by the selling stockholders. We will receive gross proceeds of up to $6,762,000 from the exercise of the warrants, if and when they are exercised.

Our common stock is listed on the OTC Bulletin Board and traded under the symbol “NRLS.OB.” On April 27, 2007, the closing price of the common stock quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board was $3.95 per share.

We may amend or supplement this prospectus from time to time by filing amendments or supplements as required. You should read this entire prospectus and any amendments or supplements carefully before you make your investment decision.


_________________________________

The securities offered by this prospectus involve a high degree of risk.
See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 2
  _________________________________



Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved
these securities or determined that this prospectus is truthful or complete. A representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
 

The date of this Prospectus is May 7, 2007
 
 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
RISK FACTORS
2
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
9
USE OF PROCEEDS
9
OUR BUSINESS
9
Our History
9
Overview
10
The Field of Regenerative Medicine
10
Stem Cell Therapy Background
10
The Potential of Our Tissue-Derived Stem Cell-Based Therapy
11
Potential Markets
11
Our Technology
12
Business Strategy
12
Our Research and Programs
12
Our Grant
13
Our Intellectual Property Licensed to Others
13
Manufacturing
15
Products & Marketing
15
Our Intellectual Property
15
Patents Pending
15
Patents Issued
16
Competition
17
Government Regulation
17
Employees
19
PROPERTIES
19
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
19
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
22
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
24
MANAGEMENT
25
Board Composition & Committees
26
Compensation of Directors
26
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
27
Summary Compensation Table
27
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End
28
Employment Agreements and Change-in-Control Arrangements
28
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS
30
TRANSACTIONS AND BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS WITH
31
MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY & RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
32
Market Information
32
Dividend Policy
32
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
32
2005 Stock Plan
33
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
33
General
33
Common Stock
33
Preferred Stock
33
Options And Warrants Convertible into Common Shares
33
SELLING SHAREHOLDERS
34
36
CHANGES AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTS ON ACCOUNTING & FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
37
TRANSFER AGENT
37
LEGAL MATTERS
38
EXPERTS
38
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
38
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
38
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
F-1
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
II-1
Indemnification Of Directors & Officers
II-1
Other Expenses of Issuance & Distribution
II-1
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
II-1
Exhibits
II-4
 
1

 
RISK FACTORS

An investment in Neuralstem, Inc. involves significant risks. You should read these risk factors carefully before deciding whether to invest in our company. The following is a description of what we consider our key challenges and risks.
 
Risks Relating to the Company's Stage of Development

Since the Company has a limited operating history and has significantly shifted its operations and strategies since inception, you cannot rely upon the Company's limited historical performance to make an investment decision. 
 
Since inception in 1996 and through December 31, 2006, the Company has raised in aggregate, approximately $39,994,994 in capital and recorded accumulated losses totaling $38,592,725 as of December 31, 2006. The Company had a working capital of $1,486,154 and stockholder's equity of $1,552,269. Our net losses for the two most recent fiscal years have been $3,147,488 and $1,651,507 for 2006 and 2005 respectively. During this period, we have generated only marginal revenue from licensing and grants in the amount of $265,759 and $309,142 for the 2006 and 2005 fiscal years, respectively.
 
The Company's ability to generate revenues and achieve profitability depends upon its ability to complete the development of its stem cell products, obtain the required regulatory approvals, manufacture, market and sell its products. In part because of the Company's past operating results, no assurances can be given that the Company will be able to accomplish all or any these goals.

Although the Company has generated some revenue to date, the Company has not generated any revenue from the commercial sale of its proposed stem cell products. Since inception, the Company has engaged in several related lines of business and has discontinued operations in certain areas. For example, in 2002, the Company lost a material contract with the Department of Defense and was forced to close its principal facility and lay off almost all of its employees in an attempt to focus the Company's strategy on its stem cell technology. This limited and changing history may not be adequate to enable you to fully assess the Company's current ability to develop and commercialize its technologies and proposed products, obtain approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”), achieve market acceptance of its proposed products and respond to competition. No assurances can be given as to exactly when, if at all, the Company will be able to fully develop, commercialize, market, sell and derive material revenues from its proposed products in development.

The Company will need to raise additional capital to continue operations, and failure to do so will impair the Company's ability to fund operations, develop its technologies or promote its products. 

The Company has relied almost entirely on external financing to fund operations. Such financing has historically come primarily from the sale of common and preferred stock and convertible debt to third parties and to a lesser degree from grants, loans and revenue from license and royalty fees. The Company anticipates, based on current proposed plans and assumptions relating to its operations (including the timetable of, and costs associated with, new product development) and financings the Company has undertaken prior to the date of this prospectus, that its current working capital will be sufficient to satisfy contemplated cash requirements for approximately 20 months, assuming that the Company does not engage in an extraordinary transaction or otherwise face unexpected events or contingencies, any of which could effect cash requirements. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company has cash and cash equivalents on hand of approximately $6,400,000. Presently, the Company has a monthly cash burn rate of $260,000. Accordingly, the Company will need to raise additional capital to fund anticipated operating expenses and future expansion after such 20 month period. Among other things, external financing will be required to cover the further development of the Company's technologies and products and other operating costs. The Company cannot assure you that financing whether from external sources or related parties will be available if needed or on favorable terms. If additional financing is not available when required or is not available on acceptable terms, the Company may be unable to fund operations and planned growth, develop or enhance its technologies, take advantage of business opportunities or respond to competitive market pressures. Any negative impact on the Company's operations may make capital raising more difficult and may also result in a lower price for the Company's securities.

The Company may have difficulty raising needed capital in the future as a result of, among other factors, the Company's limited operating history and business risks associated with the Company.

The Company's business currently generates limited amounts of cash which will not be sufficient to meet its future capital requirements. The Company's management does not know when this will change. The Company has expended and will continue to expend substantial funds in the research, development and clinical and pre-clinical testing of the Company's stem cell technologies and products. The Company will require additional funds to conduct research and development, establish and conduct clinical and pre-clinical trials, commercial-scale manufacturing arrangements and to provide for the marketing and distribution. Additional funds may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all. If adequate funds are unavailable from any available source, the Company may have to delay, reduce the scope of or eliminate one or more of its research, development or commercialization programs or product launches or marketing efforts which may materially harm the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
2

The Company's long term capital requirements are expected to depend on many factors, including:
 
·
continued progress and cost of its research and development programs;
 
·
progress with pre-clinical studies and clinical trials;
 
·
time and costs involved in obtaining regulatory clearance;
 
·
costs involved in preparing, filing, prosecuting, maintaining and enforcing patent claims;
 
·
costs of developing sales, marketing and distribution channels and its ability to sell the Company's stem cell products;
  
·
costs involved in establishing manufacturing capabilities for commercial quantities of its products;
 
·
competing technological and market developments;
 
·
market acceptance of its stem cell products;
 
·
costs for recruiting and retaining employees and consultants; and
 
·
costs for educating and training physicians about its stem cell products.
 
The Company may consume available resources more rapidly than currently anticipated, resulting in the need for additional funding. The Company may seek to raise any necessary additional funds through the exercising of warrants, options, equity or debt financings, collaborative arrangements with corporate partners or other sources, which may be dilutive to existing stockholders or otherwise have a material effect on the Company's current or future business prospects. If adequate funds are not available, the Company may be required to significantly reduce or refocus its development and commercialization efforts.

The Company relies on stem cell technologies that it may not be able to commercially develop, which will prevent the Company from generating revenues, operating profitably or providing investors any return on their investment. 
 
The Company has concentrated its research on its stem cell technologies, and the Company's ability to generate revenue and operate profitably will depend on it being able to develop these technologies for human applications. These are emerging technologies with, as yet, limited human applications. The Company cannot guarantee that it will be able to develop its stem cell technologies or that such development will result in products or services with any significant commercial utility. The Company anticipates that the commercial sale of such products or services, and royalty/licensing fees related to its technology, will be the Company's primary sources of revenues. If the Company is unable to develop its technologies, investors will likely lose their entire investment.
 
Inability to complete pre-clinical and clinical testing and trials will impair the viability of the Company. 
 
The Company is in its development stage and has not yet applied for approval by the FDA to conduct clinical trials. Even if the Company successfully files an IND and receives approval from the FDA to commence trials, the outcome of pre-clinical, clinical and product testing of the Company's products is uncertain, and if the Company is unable to satisfactorily complete such testing, or if such testing yields unsatisfactory results, the Company will be unable to commercially produce its proposed products. Before obtaining regulatory approvals for the commercial sale of any potential human products, the Company's products will be subjected to extensive pre-clinical and clinical testing to demonstrate their safety and efficacy in humans. No assurances can be given that the clinical trials of the Company's products, or those of licensees or collaborators, will demonstrate the safety and efficacy of such products at all, or to the extent necessary to obtain appropriate regulatory approvals, or that the testing of such products will be completed in a timely manner, if at all, or without significant increases in costs, program delays or both, all of which could harm the Company's ability to generate revenues. In addition, the Company's proposed products may not prove to be more effective for treating disease or injury than current therapies. Accordingly, the Company may have to delay or abandon efforts to research, develop or obtain regulatory approval to market its proposed products. Many companies involved in biotechnology research and development have suffered significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after promising results in earlier trials. The failure to adequately demonstrate the safety and efficacy of a therapeutic product under development could delay or prevent regulatory approval of the product and could harm the Company's ability to generate revenues, operate profitably or produce any return on an investment in the Company.
 
The Company's additional financing requirements could result in dilution to existing stockholders.

The additional financings which the Company will require may in the future be obtained through one or more transactions which will effectively dilute the ownership interests of stockholders. The Company has the authority to issue additional shares of common stock and preferred stock, as well as additional classes or series of ownership interests or debt obligations which may be convertible into any one or more classes or series of ownership interests. The Company is authorized to issue 75,000,000 shares of common stock and 7,000,000 shares of preferred stock. Such securities may be issued without the approval or other consent of the Company's stockholders.
 
3

Risks Relating to Intellectual Property and Government Regulation
 
The Company may not be able to withstand challenges to its intellectual property rights, such as patents, should contests be initiated in court or at the U.S Patent and Trademark Office .
 
The Company relies on its intellectual property, including its issued and applied for patents, as the foundation of its business. The intellectual property rights of the Company may come under challenge, and no assurances can be given that, even though issued, the Company's current and potential future patents will survive claims commencing in the court system alleging invalidity or infringement on other patents. For example, in 2005, the Company's neural stem cell technology was challenged in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office by a competitor. Although the Company prevailed in this particular matter upon re-examination by the patent office, these cases are complex, lengthy and expensive, and could potentially be adjudicated adversely to the Company, removing the protection afforded by an issued patent. The viability of the Company's business would suffer if such patent protection were limited or eliminated. Moreover, the costs associated with defending or settling intellectual property claims would likely have a material adverse effect on the Company.
  
The Company may not be able to adequately protect against piracy of intellectual property in foreign jurisdictions. 
 
Considerable research in the area of stem cell therapies is being performed in countries outside of the United States, and a number of the Company's competitors are located in those countries.  The laws protecting intellectual property in some of those countries may not provide protection for the Company's trade secrets and intellectual property adequate to prevent its competitors from misappropriating the Company's trade secrets or intellectual property.  If the Company's trade secrets or intellectual property are misappropriated in those countries, the Company may be without adequate remedies to address the issue.

The Company's products may not receive FDA approval, which would prevent the Company from commercially marketing its products and producing revenues. 

The FDA and comparable government agencies in foreign countries impose substantial regulations on the manufacture and marketing of pharmaceutical products through lengthy and detailed laboratory, pre-clinical and clinical testing procedures, sampling activities and other costly and time-consuming procedures. Satisfaction of these regulations typically takes several years or more and varies substantially based upon the type, complexity and novelty of the proposed product. The Company cannot yet accurately predict when it might first submit any Investigational New Drug, or IND, application to the FDA, or whether any such IND application would be granted on a timely basis, if at all, nor can the Company assure you that it will successfully complete any clinical trials in connection with any such IND application. Further, the Company cannot yet accurately predict when it might first submit any product license application for FDA approval or whether any such product license application would be granted on a timely basis, if at all.  As a result, the Company cannot assure you that FDA approvals for any products developed by it will be granted on a timely basis, if at all. Any such delay in obtaining, or failure to obtain, such approvals could have a material adverse effect on the marketing of the Company's products and its ability to generate product revenue.

Because the Company or its collaborators must obtain regulatory approval to market its products in the United States and other countries, the Company cannot predict whether or when it will be permitted to commercialize its products. 

Federal, state and local governments and agencies in the United States (including the FDA) and governments in other countries have significant regulations in place that govern many of the Company's activities.  The Company is or may become subject to various federal, state and local laws, regulations and recommendations relating to safe working conditions, laboratory and manufacturing practices, the experimental use of animals and the use and disposal of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances used in connection with its research and development work. The preclinical testing and clinical trials of the products that the Company or its collaborators develop are subject to extensive government regulation that may prevent the Company from creating commercially viable products from its discoveries. In addition, the sale by the Company or its collaborators of any commercially viable product will be subject to government regulation from several standpoints, including manufacturing, advertising and promoting, selling and marketing, labeling, and distributing. If, and to the extent that, the Company is unable to comply with these regulations, its ability to earn revenues will be materially and negatively impacted. 
  
Risks Relating to Competition
 
The Company's competition includes both public and private organizations and collaborations among academic institutions and large pharmaceutical companies, most of which have significantly greater experience and financial resources than the Company does. 

The biotechnology industry is characterized by intense competition. The Company competes against numerous companies, many of which have substantially greater financial and other resources than it has. Several such enterprises have initiated cell therapy research programs and/or efforts to treat the same diseases targeted by the Company. Companies such as Geron Corporation, Genzyme Corporation, StemCells, Inc., Advanced Cell Technology, Inc., Aastrom Biosciences, Inc. and Viacell, Inc., as well as others, have substantially greater resources and experience in the Company's fields than it does, and are well situated to compete with us effectively. Of course, any of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies represent a significant actual or potential competitor with vastly greater resources than the Company's.
 
4

Risks Relating to the Company's Reliance on Third Parties
 
The Company's outsource model depends on collaborators, non-employee consultants, research institutions, and scientific contractors to help it develop and test its proposed products. Our ability to develop such relationships could impair or delay our ability to develop products.

The Company's strategy for the development, clinical testing and commercialization of its proposed products is based on an outsource model. This model requires that the Company enter into collaborations with corporate partners, research institutions, scientific contractors and licensors, licensees and others in order to further develop its technology and develop products. In the event the Company is not able to enter into such relationships in the future, our: ability to develop products may be seriously hindered; or we would be required to expend considerable money and research to bring such research and development functions in house. Either outcome could result in our inability to develop a commercially feasible product or in the need for substantially more working capital to complete the research in-house. Also, we are currently dependent on collaborators for a substantial portion of our research and development. Although our collaborative agreements do not impose any duties or obligations on us other than the licensing of our technology, the failure of any of these collaborations may hinder our ability to develop products in a timely fashion. By way of example, our collaboration with John Hopkins University, School of Medicine yielded findings that contributed to our patent application entitled Transplantation of Human Cells for Treatment of Neurological Disorder. Had the collaboration not have existed, our ability to apply for such patent would have been greatly hindered. We currently have 4 key collaborations. They are with:

 
·
The University of California, San Diego;

 
·
University of South Florida;

 
·
University of Central Florida; and

 
·
John Hopkins University.

As we are under no financial obligation to provide additional funding under any of these collaborations, our primary risk is that no results are derived from their research. For further information relating to our collaborations, see that section of this prospectus captioned “ Our Business--Our Research and Programs”.
 
We intend to rely upon the third-party FDA-approved manufacturers for our stem cells. Should these manufacturers fail to perform as expected, we will need to develop or procure other manufacturing sources, which would cause delays or interruptions in our product supply and result in the loss of significant sales and customers.
 
We currently have no internal manufacturing capability, and will rely extensively on FDA-approved licensees, strategic partners or third party contract manufacturers or suppliers. We current have an agreement with Charles River Laboratories for the manufacturing and storage of our cells. The agreement is a paid for services agreement and does not require us to purchase a minimum amount of cells. In the event Charles River Laboratories fails to provide suitable cells, we would be forced to either manufacture the cells ourselves or seek other third party vendors. Should we be forced to manufacture our stem cells, we cannot give you any assurance that we will be able to develop an internal manufacturing capability or procure third party suppliers. In the event we must seek alternative third party suppliers, they may require us to purchase a minimum amount of cells, could be significantly more expensive than our current supplier, or could require other unfavorable terms. Any such event would materially impact our prospects and could delay our development. Moreover, we cannot give you any assurance that any contract manufacturers or suppliers we procure will be able to supply our product in a timely or cost effective manner or in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements or our specifications.
 
General Risks Relating to the Company's Business

The Company may be subject to litigation that will be costly to defend or pursue and uncertain in its outcome.

The Company's business may bring it into conflict with its licensees, licensors, or others with whom it has contractual or other business relationships or with its competitors or others whose interests differ from the Company's. If the Company is unable to resolve those conflicts on terms that are satisfactory to all parties, the Company may become involved in litigation brought by or against it. That litigation is likely to be expensive and may require a significant amount of management's time and attention, at the expense of other aspects of the Company's business. The outcome of litigation is always uncertain, and in some cases could include judgments against us that require the Company to pay damages, enjoin it from certain activities, or otherwise affect its legal or contractual rights, which could have a significant adverse effect on its business. 
 
The Company may not be able to obtain third-party patient reimbursement or favorable product pricing, which would reduce its ability to operate profitably.
 
The Company's ability to successfully commercialize certain of its proposed products in the human therapeutic field may depend to a significant degree on patient reimbursement of the costs of such products and related treatments at acceptable levels from government authorities, private health insurers and other organizations, such as health maintenance organizations. The Company cannot assure you that reimbursement in the United States or foreign countries will be available for any products it may develop or, if available, will not be decreased in the future, or that reimbursement amounts will not reduce the demand for, or the price of, its products with a consequent harm to the Company's business. The Company cannot predict what additional regulation or legislation relating to the health care industry or third-party coverage and reimbursement may be enacted in the future or what effect such regulation or legislation may have on the Company's business. If additional regulations are overly onerous or expensive or if health care related legislation makes its business more expensive or burdensome than originally anticipated, the Company may be forced to significantly downsize its business plans or completely abandon its business model.
 
5

The Company's products may be expensive to manufacture, and they may not be profitable if the Company is unable to control the costs to manufacture them. 

The Company's products may be significantly more expensive to manufacture than most other drugs currently on the market today due to a fewer number of potential manufactures, greater level of needed expertise, and other general market conditions affecting manufacturers of stem cell based products.  The Company would hope to substantially reduce manufacturing costs through process improvements, development of new science, increases in manufacturing scale and outsourcing to experienced manufacturers. If the Company is not able to make these, or other improvements, and depending on the pricing of the product, its profit margins may be significantly less than that of most drugs on the market today. In addition, the Company may not be able to charge a high enough price for any cell therapy product it develops, even if they are safe and effective, to make a profit. If the Company is unable to realize significant profits from its potential product candidates, its business would be materially harmed.
 
In order to secure market share and generate revenues, the Company's proposed products must be accepted by the health care community, which can be very slow to adopt or unreceptive to new technologies and products. 
 
The Company's proposed products and those developed by its collaborative partners, if approved for marketing, may not achieve market acceptance since hospitals, physicians, patients or the medical community in general may decide not to accept and utilize these products. The products that the Company is attempting to develop represents substantial departures from established treatment methods and will compete with a number of more conventional drugs and therapies manufactured and marketed by major pharmaceutical companies. The degree of market acceptance of any of the Company's developed products will depend on a number of factors, including:
 
·
the Company's establishment and demonstration to the medical community of the clinical efficacy and safety of its proposed products;
 
·
the Company's ability to create products that are superior to alternatives currently on the market;
 
·
the Company's ability to establish in the medical community the potential advantage of its treatments over alternative treatment methods; and
 
·
reimbursement policies of government and third-party payors.
 
If the health care community does not accept the Company's products for any of the foregoing reasons, or for any other reason, the Company's business would be materially harmed.

We depend on two key employees for our continued operations and future success. A loss of either employee could significantly hinder our ability to move forward with our business plan. 

The loss of either of our key executive officers, Richard Garr and Karl Johe, would be significantly detrimental to us.

 
·
We currently do not maintain “key person” life insurance on the life of Mr. Garr. As a result, the Company will not receive any compensation upon the death or incapacity of this key individuals;

 
·
We currently do maintain “key person” line insurance on the life of Mr. Johe. As a result, the Company will receive approximately $1,000,000 in the event of his death or incapacity.

In addition, the Company's anticipated growth and expansion into areas and activities requiring additional expertise, such as clinical testing, regulatory compliance, manufacturing and marketing, will require the addition of new management personnel and the development of additional expertise by existing management personnel. There is intense competition for qualified personnel in the areas of the Company's present and planned activities, and there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to continue to attract and retain the qualified personnel necessary for the development of its business. The failure to attract and retain such personnel or to develop such expertise would adversely affect the Company's business.

6

 
The Company has entered into long-term contracts with key personnel and stockholders, with significant anti-termination provisions, which could make future changes in management difficult or expensive. 

Messrs. Garr and Johe have entered into seven (7) year employment agreements with the Company which expire on November 1, 2012 and which include termination provisions stating that if either employee is terminated for any reason other than a voluntary resignation, then all compensation due to such employee under the terms of the respective agreement shall become due and payable immediately. These provisions will make the replacement of either of these employees very costly to the Company, and could cause difficulty in effecting a change in control of the Company. Termination prior to full term on the contracts would cost the Company as much as $1,800,000 per contract, and immediate vesting of all outstanding options (1,200,000 shares each). “Executive Compensation--Employment Agreements and Change in Control Arrangements”.
 
The Company has no product liability insurance, which may leave it vulnerable to future claims that the Company will be unable to satisfy. 

The testing, manufacturing, marketing and sale of human therapeutic products entails an inherent risk of product liability claims, and the Company cannot assure you that substantial product liability claims will not be asserted against it. The Company has no product liability insurance. In the event the Company is forced to expend significant funds on defending product liability actions, and in the event those funds come from operating capital, the Company will be required to reduce its business activities, which could lead to significant losses.

The Company cannot assure you that adequate insurance coverage will be available in the future on acceptable terms, if at all, or that, if available, the Company will be able to maintain any such insurance at sufficient levels of coverage or that any such insurance will provide adequate protection against potential liabilities. 

The Company has limited director and officer insurance and commercial insurance policies. Any significant claim would have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations. Insurance availability, coverage terms and pricing continue to vary with market conditions. The Company endeavors to obtain appropriate insurance coverage for insurable risks that it identifies, however, the Company may fail to correctly anticipate or quantify insurable risks, may not be able to obtain appropriate insurance coverage, and insurers may not respond as the Company intends to cover insurable events that may occur. The Company has observed rapidly changing conditions in the insurance markets relating to nearly all areas of traditional corporate insurance. Such conditions may result in higher premium costs, higher policy deductibles, and lower coverage limits. For some risks, the Company may not have or maintain insurance coverage because of cost or availability.
 
Risks Relating to the Company's Common Stock
 
Our common shares are sporadically or “thinly” traded, so you may be unable to sell at or near ask prices or at all if you need to sell your shares to raise money or otherwise desire to liquidate your shares
 
Our common shares have historically been sporadically or “thinly” traded on the OTCBB, meaning that the number of persons interested in purchasing our common shares at or near ask prices at any given time may be relatively small or non-existent. This situation is attributable to a number of factors, including the fact that we are a small company which is relatively unknown to stock analysts, stock brokers, institutional investors and others in the investment community that generate or influence sales volume, and that even if we came to the attention of such persons, they tend to be risk-averse and would be reluctant to follow an unproven development stage company such as ours or purchase or recommend the purchase of our shares until such time as we became more seasoned and viable. As a consequence, there may be periods of several days or more when trading activity in our shares is minimal or non-existent, as compared to a seasoned issuer which has a large and steady volume of trading activity that will generally support continuous sales without a material reduction in share price. We cannot give you any assurance that a broader or more active public trading market for our common shares will develop or be sustained, or that current trading levels will be sustained. Due to these conditions, we can give you no assurance that you will be able to sell your shares at or near ask prices or at all if you need money or otherwise desire to liquidate your shares.
  
The market price for our common shares is particularly volatile given our status as a relatively unknown development stage company with a small and thinly-traded public float, limited operating history and lack of revenues or profits to date could lead to wide fluctuations in our share price. The price at which you purchase our common shares may not be indicative of the price that will prevail in the trading market. You may be unable to sell your common shares at or above your purchase price, which may result in substantial losses to you. The volatility in our common share price may subject us to securities litigation.
 
The market for our common shares is characterized by significant price volatility when compared to seasoned issuers, and we expect that our share price will continue to be more volatile than a seasoned issuer. The volatility in our share price is attributable to a number of factors. First, as noted above, our common shares are sporadically or thinly traded. As a consequence of this lack of liquidity, the trading of relatively small quantities of shares by our shareholders may disproportionately influence the price of those shares in either direction. The price for our shares could, for example, decline precipitously in the event that a large number of our common shares are sold on the market without commensurate demand, as compared to a seasoned issuer which could better absorb those sales without a material reduction in share price. Secondly, we are a speculative or “risky” investment due to our limited operating history and lack of significant revenues to date, and uncertainty of future market acceptance for our products if successfully developed. As a consequence of this enhanced risk, more risk-adverse investors may, under the fear of losing all or most of their investment in the event of negative news or lack of progress, be more inclined to sell their shares on the market more quickly and at greater discounts than would be the case with the stock of a seasoned issuer. Additionally, in the past, plaintiffs have often initiated securities class action litigation against a company following periods of volatility in the market price of its securities. We may in the future be the target of similar litigation. Securities litigation could result in substantial costs and liabilities and could divert management’s attention and resources.
 
7

The following factors may add to the volatility in the price of our common shares:  actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly or annual operating results; government regulations, announcements of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships or joint ventures; our capital commitments; and additions or departures of our key personnel. Many of these factors are beyond our control and may decrease the market price of our common shares, regardless of our operating performance. We cannot make any predictions or projections as to what the prevailing market price for our common shares will be at any time, including as to whether our common shares will sustain their current market prices, or as to what effect that the sale o f shares or the availability of common shares for sale at any time will have on the prevailing market price.
 
The Company has identified significant weaknesses with regard to its financial control procedures.   These weaknesses, if not remedied, could result in a significant misstatement of the Company's financials or its inability to provide timely disclosure to the public should it become subject to such reporting requirements.

As a result of its stage of development, lack of resources and changes that have occurred in the Company's operations since 2002, there are currently deficiencies in the operating effectiveness of the Company's internal controls over financial reporting that the Company believes may collectively constitute significant deficiencies and material weaknesses under standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, resulting in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements of the Company will not be prevented or detected. Specifically, the Company has found deficiencies or weaknesses with the timely reporting of transactions and the documentation thereof. By way of example, in the past, the company has failed to document capital transactions when they occur, has failed to establish controls for document retention, and has failed to account for transactions using GAAP. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company does not have a permanent Chief Financial Officer, although Richard Garr, the Company's President, is temporarily serving in this capacity. As a result, there is a risk that the Company may not be able to properly account for operations and/or generate reliable financial statements. This may further result in the Company not being able to meet its periodic filing requirements in a timely manner.

The Company faces risks related to compliance with corporate governance laws and financial reporting standards. 

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as related new rules and regulations implemented by the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, require changes in the corporate governance practices and financial reporting standards for public companies. These new laws, rules and regulations, including compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 relating to internal control over financial reporting (“Section 404”), will materially increase the Company's legal and financial compliance costs and made some activities more time-consuming and more burdensome. Starting in 2007, Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 will require that the Company's management assess the Company's internal control over financial reporting annually and include a report on its assessment in its prospectus filed with the SEC. The Company's independent registered public accounting firm is required to audit both the design and operating effectiveness of its internal controls and management's assessment of the design and the operating effectiveness of its internal controls. There exist material weaknesses and deficiencies at this time in the Company's internal controls. These weaknesses and deficiencies could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business and operations.
 
The Company does not intend to pay cash dividends on its common stock in the foreseeable future.

Any payment of cash dividends will depend upon the Company's financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and other factors and will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The Company does not anticipate paying cash dividends on its common stock in the foreseeable future. Furthermore, the Company may incur additional indebtedness that may severely restrict or prohibit the payment of dividends.
 
Our issuance of additional common shares or preferred shares, or options or warrants to purchase those shares, could dilute your proportionate ownership and voting rights and negatively impact the value of your investment in our common shares as the result of preferential voting rights or veto powers, dividend rights, disproportionate rights to appoint directors to our board, conversion rights, redemption rights and liquidation provisions granted to the preferred shareholders, including the grant of rights that could discourage or prevent the distribution of dividends to you, or prevent the sale of our assets or a potential takeover of our company.
 
We are entitled under our certificate of incorporation to issue up to 75,000,000 common and 7,000,000 “blank check” preferred shares. As of March 31, 2007, we have issued an outstanding 28,884,605 common shares, 11,153,832 common shares reserved for issuance upon the exercise of current outstanding options and warrants, 1,600,000 common shares reserved for issuances of additional grants under our 2005 incentive stock plan, and an aggregate of 76,666 common shares reserved for issuance in the event we incur additional penalties pursuant to the registration rights granted our investors in the March 2006 private placement. Accordingly, we will be entitled to issue up to 33,284,897 additional common shares and 7,000,000 additional preferred shares. Our board may generally issue those common and preferred shares, or options or warrants to purchase those shares, without further approval by our shareholders based upon such factors as our board of directors may deem relevant at that time. Any preferred shares we may issue shall have such rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions as may be designated from time-to-time by our board, including preferential dividend rights, voting rights, conversion rights, redemption rights and liquidation provisions. It is likely that we will be required to issue a large amount of additional securities to raise capital to further our development and marketing plans. It is also likely that we will be required to issue a large amount of additional securities to directors, officers, employees and consultants as compensatory grants in connection with their services, both in the form of stand-alone grants or under our various stock plans. We cannot give you any assurance that we will not issue additional common or preferred shares, or options or warrants to purchase those shares, under circumstances we may deem appropriate at the time.
 
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING INFORMATION

In this prospectust we make a number of statements, referred to as “forward-looking statements”, which are intended to convey our expectations or predictions regarding the occurrence of possible future events or the existence of trends and factors that may impact our future plans and operating results. These forward-looking statements are derived, in part, from various assumptions and analyses we have made in the context of our current business plan and information currently available to use and in light of our experience and perceptions of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments and other factors we believe are appropriate in the circumstances. You can generally identify forward looking statements through words and phrases such as “believe”, “expect”, “seek”, “estimate”, “anticipate”, “intend”, “plan”, “budget”, “project”, “may likely result”, “may be”, “may continue” and other similar expressions. When reading any forward-looking statement you should remain mindful that actual results or developments may vary substantially from those expected as expressed in or implied by that statement for a number of reasons or factors, including but not limited to:
 
·
the success of our research and development activities, the development of a viable commercial production model, and the speed with which regulatory authorizations and product launches may be achieved;
 
·
whether or not a market for our product develops and, if a market develops, the rate at which it develops;
 
·
our ability to successfully sell our products if a market develops;
 
·
our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel to implement our growth strategies;
 
·
our ability to develop sales marketing and distribution capabilities;
 
·
our ability to obtain reimbursement from third party payers for the products that we sell;
 
·
the accuracy of our estimates and projections;
 
·
our ability to fund our short-term and long-term financing needs;
 
·
changes in our business plan and corporate strategies; and
 
·
other risks and uncertainties discussed in greater detail in the section captioned “Risk Factors”
 
Each forward-looking statement should be read in context with and in understanding of the various other disclosures concerning our company and our business made elsewhere in this prospectus. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement as a prediction of actual results or developments. We are not obligated to update or revise any forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus to reflect new events or circumstances unless and to the extent required by applicable law. 

USE OF PROCEEDS
 
We will not receive any proceeds from the sale by the selling stockholders of the shares of common stock covered by this prospectus.

We originally received gross proceeds of $6,135,000 for the sales of the shares of Common Stock and Warrants to Investors on March 15 and March 27, 2007. The proceeds were used for general corporate purposes.

If the Investor and Placement Agent Warrants are exercised, we will receive gross proceeds of $6,762,000. We plan to use the proceeds, if any, for general corporate purposes.


OUR BUSINESS

We are a biotechnology company focused on developing and commercializing human neural stem cell technology in the emerging field of regenerative medicine.

Our History

We were incorporated in 1997 in the state of Maryland and re-incorporated in the state of Delaware in 2001. From 1997 until 2003, our research focused on: Genomics, which is the study of genes and their functions; Drug Discovery, which consists of the identification of molecules with desired biological effects that have promise as new therapeutic drugs; and Cell Therapy, which consists of treatments in which cells are administered to patients in order to repair damaged or depleted tissues.

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In 2001, we were paid a licensing fee of $7.5 million by Gene Logic, Inc., payable over three years, to create a database using our technology. Also, in 2001, the Company received a Defense Department contract to do drug screening using the cells derived from its technology in the amount of $2.5 million over 18 months. Finally, during this period, we pursued our own research into transplanting cells derived from our technology to cure disease. We reached a high of roughly 50 employees in early 2000, mostly involved in the infrastructure involved with the Gene Logic/genomics and drug discovery programs.

In late 2000 and early 2001, as a result of the decline in biotech funding markets and the accompanying devaluation of the genomics industry, our genomics program was no longer commercially viable. Additionally, in late 2002, the Department of Defense cancelled the program which funded our drug discover efforts. As a result, by the end of 2003, the Company made the strategic decision to lay off its employees involved in the genomic and drug discovery programs and focus entirely on transplantation of its neural stem cells to treat diseases in patients.

The Company spent 2004 restructuring its capitalization and creating an “outsourced” model of product development by having the research conducted at various universities and research labs and having all other functions outsourced. In November of 2004 we completed a ten-for-three reverse stock split.

In 2005, the Company continued to operate under this model, with all accounting, legal, facility, manufacturing, transplantation experimentation and regulatory functions outsourced, under the supervision of Richard Garr, the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer, and Dr. Johe, the Company's Chairman and Chief Scientific Officer.

Overview

In 2004, we refocused our research efforts to concentrate primarily in the field of Cell Therapy. Specifically, we are focused on the development and commercialization of treatments based on transplanting human neural stem cells.

We have developed and maintain a portfolio of patents and patent applications that form the proprietary base for our research and development efforts in the area of neural stem cell research, and have ownership or exclusive licensing of four issued patents and 12 patent pending applications in the field of regenerative medicine and related technologies. We believe our technology base, in combination with our know-how, and collaborative projects with major research institutions provides a competitive advantage and will facilitate the successful development and commercialization of products for use in treatment of a wide array of neurodegenerative conditions and in regenerative repair of acute disease.

This is a young and emerging field. There can be no assurances that our intellectual property portfolio will ultimately produce viable commercialized products and processes. Even if we are able to produce a commercially viable product, there are strong competitors in this field and our product may not be able to successfully compete against them.
  
All of our research efforts to date are at the level of basic research or in the pre-clinical stage of development. We are focused on leveraging our key assets, including our intellectual property, our scientific team, our facilities and our capital, to accelerate the advancement of our stem cell technologies. In addition, we are pursuing strategic collaborations with members of academia. We are currently headquartered in Rockville, Maryland.

The Field of Regenerative Medicine
    
The emerging field of treatment called "regenerative medicine" or "cell therapy" refers to treatments that are founded on the concept of producing new cells to replace malfunctioning or dead cells as a vehicle to treat disease and injury. Many significant and currently untreatable human diseases arise from the loss or malfunction of specific cell types in the body. Our focus is the development of effective methods to generate replacement cells from neural stem cells. We believe that replacing damaged or malfunctioning or dead neural cells with fully functional ones may be a useful therapeutic strategy in treating many diseases and conditions of the central nervous system (CNS) including: Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig's Disease), depression, and injuries to the spinal cord.
 
Stem Cell Therapy Background
 
Cells maintain normal physiological function in healthy individuals by secreting or metabolizing substances, such as sugars, amino acids, neurotransmitters and hormones, which are essential to life. When cells are damaged or destroyed, they no longer produce, metabolize or accurately regulate those substances. Cell loss or impaired cellular functions are leading causes of degenerative diseases, and some of the specific substances or proteins that are deficient in some of these diseases have been identified. Although administering these substances or proteins has some advantages over traditional pharmaceuticals, such as specificity, there is no existing technology that can deliver them precisely to the sites of action, under the appropriate physiological regulation, in the appropriate quantity, nor for the duration required to cure the degenerative condition. Cells, however, may do all this naturally. Thus, where failing cells are no longer producing needed substances or proteins or where there has been irreversible tissue damage or organ failure, transplantation of stem or progenitor cells may enable the generation of new functional cells, thus potentially restoring organ function and the patient's health.

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Stem cells have two defining characteristics: (i) they produce all the kinds of mature cells making up the particular organ; and (ii) they self renew -- that is, some of the cells developed from stem cells are themselves new stem cells, thus permitting the process to continue again and again. Stem cells are known to exist for a number of systems of the human body, including the blood and immune system, the central and peripheral nervous systems (including the brain), the skin, bone, and even hair. They are thought to exist for many others, including the liver and pancreas endocrine systems, gut, muscle, and heart. Stem cells are responsible for organ regeneration during normal cell replacement and, to a greater or lesser extent, after injury.
 
Stem cells are rare and only available in limited supply, whether from the patients themselves or from donors. Also, cells can often be obtained only through significant surgical procedures. Therefore, in order to develop stem cell therapeutics, three key challenges must be overcome: (i) identifying the stem or progenitor cells of a particular organ and testing them for therapeutic potential; (ii) creating processes to enable use of these rare cells in clinical applications, such as expanding and banking them in sufficient quantities to transplant into multiple patients; and (iii) demonstrating the safety and efficacy of these potential therapeutics in human clinical trials.
 
The Potential of Our Tissue-Derived Stem Cell-Based Therapy
 
We believe that, if successfully developed, stem cell therapeutics have the potential to provide a broad therapeutic approach comparable in importance to traditional pharmaceuticals and genetically engineered biologics. With respect to the human neural stem cells we have developed proprietary and reproducible processes to identify, isolate, expand, purify1 and control the cells differentiation in mature functioning human neurons2 and glia3 and bank human neural stem cells from brain tissue. Because the cells are purified normal human neural stem cells, they may be better suited for transplantation and may provide a safer and more effective alternative to therapies that are based on cells derived from cancer cells, animal derived cells or are an unpurified mix of many different cell types.
 
Potential Markets

We believe that, if successfully developed, neural stem cell-based therapies have the potential to treat a broad range of diseases and injuries of the CNS. We believe the potential applications of our technologies given our current research focus includes developing neural cell therapies to treat Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and injuries to the spinal cord.

We believe the potential markets for regenerative medicine based on our neural stem cell therapies are large. The table below summarizes the potential United States patient populations which we believe may be amenable to neural cell transplantation and represent potential target markets for our products:

POTENTIAL U.S. PATIENT POPULATIONS
FOR NEURAL CELL-BASED THERAPIES
 
Medical Condition
 
Number of Patients *
Parkinson's Disease
 
1 million
Spinal-cord injuries
 
0.25 million
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
 
0.03 million
 

*These estimates are based on the most current patient estimates published by the following organizations as of April 2006; the Parkinson's Disease Foundation, the Parkinson's Action Network, the Foundation for Spinal Cord Injury Prevention, Care and Cure, and the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Association.



1 Purification of our cells is the process whereby we separate “raw” donor tissue into our cells. During the process, we monitor the division of the neural stems cells and remove or “weed out” any cells which have failed to divide after a predetermined period of time. We repeat this process 3 to 4 times until the cells remaining have been “purified” in our estimation.
2 Neurons are a major class of cells in the nervous system. Neurons are sometimes called nerve cells, though this term is technically imprecise since many neurons do not form nerves. In vertebrates, they are found in the brain, the spinal cord and in the nerves and ganglia of the peripheral nervous system, and their primary role is to process and transmit neural information. One important characteristic of neurons is that they have excitable membranes which allow them to generate and propagate electrical signals.
3 Glia cells, commonly called neuroglia or simply glia, are non-neuronal cells that provide support and nutrition, maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and participate in signal transmission in the nervous system. In the human brain, glia are estimated to outnumber neurons by as much as 50 to 1.
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Our Technology

Our technology is the ability to isolate human neural stem cells from most areas of the developing human brain and spinal cord and our technology includes the ability to grow them into physiologically relevant human neurons of all types. Our two issued core patents entitled Isolation, Propagation, and Directed Differentiation of Stem Cell from Embryonic and Adult Central Nervous System of Mammals and In Vitro Generation of Differentiated Neurons from Cultures of Mammalian Multi-potential CNS Stem Cell contain claims which cover the process of deriving the cells and the cells created from such process.

Our technology is the ability to isolate human neural stem cells from most areas of the developing human brain and spinal cord and to grow them into physiologically relevant human neurons of all types. Our core patents entitled:

 
·
Isolation, Propagation, and Directed Differentiation of Stem Cell from Embryonic and Adult Central Nervous System of Mammal; and
 
 
·
In Vitro Generation of Differentiated Neurons from Cultures of Mammalian Multi-potential CNS Stem Cell 

contain claims which cover the details of this process and the culture of cells created. What differentiates our stem cell technology from others is that our patented processes do not require us to “push” the cells towards a certain fate by adding specific growth factors. Our cells actually “become” the type of cell they are fated to be. We believe this process and the resulting cells create a technology platform that allows for the efficient isolation and ability to produce, in commercially reasonable quantities, neural stem cells from the human brain and spinal cord.

Our technology allows for cells to grow in cultured dishes, also known as in vitro growth, without mutations or other adverse events that would compromise their usefulness. We believe this provides for two distinct advantages:

·
First, the growth or expansion of the cells in vitro occurs while the cells are still in their “stem cell” or blank state which allows for the creation of commercially reasonable quantities of neural stem cells. Once a sufficient number of blank cells have been grown, our technology allows us to program or differentiate the cells into either neurons or glia; and
 
·
Secondly, we have the ability to sample the cells while still in vitro in order to confirm that the cells are differentiating in the desired cell type.
 
Our technology also has ancillary uses with respect to drug development. Our ability to grow and differentiate neural cells in vitro , gives us the ability to analyze the potential biological effects of molecules on these cells. This has resulted in the identification of a group of small molecule compounds with the potential to enhance the survival of the endogenous cells residing in the hippocampus4 region on the brain.

Business Strategy
 
We are seeking to develop and commercialize stem cell therapeutics to treat, and possibly cure, a range of human diseases. Our strategy has been to be the first to identify, isolate and patent important human neural stem and progenitor cells derived from human tissue with therapeutic and commercial importance; to develop techniques which enable the expansion and banking of those cells; and then to take them into clinical development as transplantable therapeutics.

A central element of our business strategy is to obtain patent protection for the compositions, processes and uses of these multiple types of cells that would make the commercial development of neural stem cell therapeutics financially feasible. We have obtained rights to certain inventions relating to stem cells and progenitor through our own research and from academic collaborators. We expect to continue to expand our search for, and to seek to acquire rights from third parties where relevant relating to, neural stem and progenitor cells, and to further develop our intellectual property positions with respect to these cells in-house and through research at commercial and scholarly institutions.

Our Research and Programs

We have devoted substantial resources to our research programs to isolate and develop a series of neural stem cell banks that we believe can serve as a basis for therapeutic products. Our efforts to date have been directed at methods to identify, isolate and culture large varieties of stem cells of the human nervous system, and to develop therapies utilizing these stem cells. This research is conducted both internally and through the use of third party laboratory consulting companies under our direct supervision.
 
 

4 The hippocampus region of the brain plays a part in memory and navigation. We believe that this ability to enhance the survival rate of the endogenous cells may result in the development of drugs or compounds that could be used to treat a variety of central nervous system diseases.
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In addition to research which we conduct internally or under our direct supervision, we conduct research and development through research collaborations. These collaborations, or programs, are undertaken with both commercial and scholarly institutes pursuant to the terms and conditions of our standard material transfer agreement.

The material terms of our standard material transfer agreement requires us to provide our research partner or collaborator with access to our technology or “research materials,” which are comprised of our neurological stem cells, for a specific pre-defined purpose. As part of the agreement, we agree to provide sufficient research materials and technical assistance to accomplish the purpose of the program. The determination of sufficiency is determined at our sole discretion. As part of these agreements, we are entitled to certain reporting rights and the right to have patentable discoveries presented to us prior to publication in order for us to file applicable patents. In the event we choose to file a patent, we will either be responsible for all filing and maintenance fees or we will split the fees with our research partner depending on the type of patent to be filed. The agreements also provide for us to receive a fully paid up, royalty free, non-exclusive license to any inventions made by our partner with respect to our technologies and their interest in any intellectual property jointly developed and first right to negotiate an exclusive license. The agreements also provide confidentiality between the parties. Generally each party is responsible for its own expense, there are no milestone payment or royalty payment requirements and the duration of these agreements is for a three year term which can be terminated by either party with 90 days written notice.

The only agreement which varies from our general terms is the agreement pertaining to our work with the University of California San Diego. In addition to the general terms, the agreement also required us to provide a grant of $13,680, which we have already paid. We have no other payment obligations under any of our current material transfer agreements unless the studies result in findings which we choose to patent. We will then incur the costs associated with the filing and maintenance of such patent.

In addition to our general research regarding the application of our technology to central nervous systems diseases, we are presently involved in the following specific programs with our partners in order to demonstrate that our products work in small, non-statistically controlled studies (commonly referred to as proof-of-principle), in animal models:

University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA : In May of 2002, we initiated a research project with the University of California in San Diego for the purpose of researching the applicability of our technology to the treatment of Ischemic Spastic Paraplegia and traumatic spinal cord injury. The project is ongoing. The research yielded findings that contributed to our filing of patent entitled Transplantation of Human Cells for Treatment of Neurological Disorders.

John Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD : In March of 2001 we initiated a research project with John Hopkins University, School of Medicine for the purpose of researching the applicability of our technology to the treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and traumatic spinal cord injury. The project is ongoing. The research yielded findings that contributed to our filing of patent entitled Transplantation of Human Cells for Treatment of Neurological Disorders.
  
University of Southern Florida, Tampa, FL : In September of 2005 we initiated a research project with the University of Southern Florida for the purpose of researching the applicability of our technology to the treatment of Parkinson's Disease. The project is ongoing.

University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL : In March of 2006 we initiated a research project with the University of Central Florida for the purpose of researching the applicability of our technology to the treatment of spinal cord injuries. The project is ongoing.
 
Our Grants

In August of 2005 we were awarded a two year, $500,000 Small Business Innovation Research non competitive grant from the National Institute of Health (NIH), to further our research with regard to depression. Under the terms of the grant, we submit an annual budget of $250,000 to be used for the purpose of testing our compounds in various models of depression. Any changes or modifications to the submitted budget must be approved by case manager. After we incur expenses, we submit those expenses to the NIH for reimbursement. The grant covers salary, wages, personnel costs, supplies, travel costs, and consortium/contractual costs with regard to the research.
 
The only conditions to full funding of the grant are that we use the proceeds to further or research regarding depression and that we use the funds as budgeted. Notwithstanding, in the event of a budget variance, we can seek approval of such variance from the case manager and such variance would be funded provided the aggregate funding does not exceed the amount of the grant. As of December 31, 2006, we have received an aggregate of $331,755 pursuant to this grant.

Our Intellectual Property Licensed to Others

 The following summarizes licenses from us to third parties.

A-T Children's Project . On December 22, 2004, we entered into a non exclusive limited license and material transfer agreement with A-T Children's Project (“A-TCP”), pursuant to which we granted to A-TCP a non-exclusive limited license to use all of our intellectual property for use in developing suitable tests for screening compounds to treat Ataxia-Telangiectasia. The license limits the use of our cells in vitro for compound screen development and not for any therapeutic use of the cells. In consideration of the rights and licenses granted to A-TCP, A-TCP paid to us a one time payment of $37,500.

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The initial term of A-TCP license is for a period of 10 years and contains certain conditions as to confidentiality which will survive the term. The agreement does not make any provisions for early termination by the parties and is silent with regard to notice requirements. The agreement does not contain any indemnification provisions or conditions regarding infringement or right to defend.
   
Biomedical Research Models, Inc. License . On January 1, 2007 we entered into a new licensing agreement with Biomedical Research Models, Inc. (“BRM”) which amends and supersedes our prior agreement of February 7, 2005. As part of the new agreement, we waived any amounts past due or owed to us by BRM stemming from the prior agreement.

Pursuant to the new agreement, we have granted BRM an exclusive, worldwide, royalty-bearing (with the right to sublicense) license with regard to our patents entitled:

 
·
“Use of Fused Imidazoles, Aminopyrimidines, Isonicotinamides, Aminomethyl Phenoxypiperidines and Aryloxypiperidines to Promote and Detect Endogenous Neurogenesis” ( U.S. Patent Application No. 10/914,460 ); and

 
·
“Methods for Discovering Neurogenic Agents” ( U.S. Patent Application No. 10/728,652 ).

Under the terms of the agreement, BRM is obligated to pay us an annual license fee on January 1, 2007, 2008 and 2009. Additionally, beginning in 2010, BRM will also be obligated to pay us an additional fee of $10,000 on January 1 of each calendar year thereafter. In the event a milestone payment becomes due during this period, the annual payments will cease and the last amounts paid will be credited towards the milestone payment. BRM has agreed to the milestone payments upon the following occurrences:
 
 
(i)
within 30 days of initiating Phase I clinical trials (Milestone 1);
 
 
(ii)
within 30 days of initiating Phase II clinical trials (Milestone 2);
 
 
(iii)
within 30 days of initiating Phase III clinical trials (Milestone 3);
  
 
(iv)
within one year after full commercial approval and licensure is granted by the United States Food and Drug Administration (Milestone 4); and
 
 
(v)
A one time sale bonus of $100 million within one year after the first time the aggregate net sales of any licensed product by BRM reaches $1.0 billion.
 
Under the terms of the agreement, BRM shall also pay us royalties of 7.0% of net sales of products they market directly, or 20% of any sub-license income.
 
The term of the license is for a period of 15 years or until the expiration of the patents encompassing the licensed technology, whichever shall occur first. The agreement also provides for early termination in the event that BRM does not secure financing in a mutually agreeable amount by October 31, 2007. The agreement can also be terminated in the event of a material breach by the other party upon 90 days written notice.

The agreement also requires BRM to indemnify Neuralstem against any liability incurred as a result of BRM's use of the technology but excludes any liability as a result of our gross negligence or intentional activities. Additionally, the agreement provides that all costs associated with the preparation, filing, prosecution and maintenance of all Neuralstem patent rights under the agreement will be our sole responsibility.
 
High Med Technologies, Inc. License .    On July 7, 2005, we entered into a limited exclusive, licensing agreement relating to the sales, distribution and marketing of our technology by High Med Technologies, Inc. (HiMed). Under the agreement, we granted HiMed the exclusive right (excluding Neuralstem) to create, manufacture, develop, sublicense or offer for sale our technology for the sole purpose of in vitro research that does not involve the injection of cells or cell-derivative materials into living animals or human beings. Accordingly, we have limited HiMed use under the license to  in vitro uses, and there is no license for any therapeutic use of the cells. As part of the agreement, HiMed has agreed to certain revenue targets which if met, will extend the term of this agreement from five years to the life of all applicable patents. Accordingly, we have licensed HiMed any and all technology that we control, but only for limited in vitro uses mentioned above.

As compensation under the license, we will be entitled to:
 
·
80% of revenues obtained by HiMed where HiMed does not manufacture and supply the product to the customer; and
 
·
20% of revenues obtained by HiMed where HiMed is required to manufacture and supply the product to the customer.
 
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We have also agreed that should we directly supply a customer who is or was a customer of HiMed, we will be required to pay HiMed 20% of any revenues received therefrom.

The initial term of the HiMed license is for a period of 5 years but automatically extends to the life of certain patents in the event annual target revenues are met. The agreement does not make any provisions for early termination by the parties and is silent with regard to notice requirements. The agreement does not contain any indemnification provisions or conditions regarding infringement or right to defend.
 
Manufacturing
 
We currently manufacture our cells both in-house and on an outsource basis. We manufacture cells in-house which are not required to meet stringent FDA requirements. We use these cells in our research grant and collaborative programs. We outsource all the manufacturing and storage of our stem cells to be used in pre-clinical works, and which are accordingly subject to the higher FDA requirements, to Charles River Laboratories, Inc., of Wilmington, Massachusetts. The Charles River facility has the capacity to be used for cell processing under the FDA determined Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in quantities sufficient for our current pre-trial and anticipated future clinical trial needs. We believe the facility has sufficient capacity to provide for our needs in the near to intermediate term. We have no quantity or volume commitment with Charles River Laboratories and our cells are ordered and manufactured on an as needed basis.

Products & Marketing
 
Because of the early stage of our programs, we have yet to identify any specific product and we have not yet addressed questions of channels of distribution and marketing of potential future products. We are however focusing our efforts on applications of our technology to diseases that affect the central nerve system.
 
Our Intellectual Property

Our research and development is supported by our intellectual property. We currently own or have exclusive licenses to 4 patents and 12 patent applications pending worldwide in the field of regenerative medicine and stem cell therapy.

Our success will likely depend upon our ability to preserve our proprietary technologies and operate without infringing the proprietary rights of other parties. However, we may rely on certain proprietary technologies and know-how that are not patentable. We protect our proprietary information, in part, by the use of confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants and certain of our contractors.

When appropriate, we seek patent protection for inventions in our core technologies and in ancillary technologies that support our core technologies or which we otherwise believe will provide us with a competitive advantage. We accomplish this by filing patent applications for discoveries we make, either alone or in collaboration with scientific collaborators and strategic partners. Typically, although not always, we file patent applications both in the United States and in select international markets. In addition, we plan to obtain licenses or options to acquire licenses to patent filings from other individuals and organizations that we anticipate could be useful in advancing our research, development and commercialization initiatives and our strategic business interests.
 
The following table identifies the issued and pending patents we own that we believe currently support our technology platform.

Patents Pending

Number
 
Country
 
Filing
Date
 
Issue Date
 
Expiration
Date
 
Title
97923569.4
 
EP
 
05/07/97
 
Pending
 
N/A
 
Isolation, Propagation, and Directed Differentiation of Stem Cell from Embryonic and Adult Central Nervous System of Mammals
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2257068
 
CA
 
05/07/97
 
Pending
 
N/A
 
Isolation, Propagation, and Directed Differentiation of Stem Cell from Embryonic and Adult Central Nervous System of Mammals
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
99948396.9
 
EP
 
09/20/99
 
Pending
 
N/A
 
Stable Neural Stem Cell Lines
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2002-526065
 
JAP
 
09/20/99
 
Pending
 
N/A
 
Stable Neural Stem Cell Lines
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2343571
 
CA
 
09/20/99
 
Pending
 
N/A
 
Stable Neural Stem Cell Lines
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10/047,352
 
US
 
01/14/02
 
Pending
 
N/A
 
Stable Neural Stem Cells
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10/728,652
 
US
 
12/05/03
 
Pending
 
N/A
 
Method for Discovering Neurogenic Agents
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2004/053071
 
WO
 
12/05/03
 
Pending
 
N/A
 
Method for Discovering Neurogenic Agents
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10/914,460
 
US
 
08/09/04
 
Pending
 
N/A
 
Use of Fused Imidazoles, Aminopyrimidines, Isonicotinamides, Aminomethyl Phenoxypiperidines and Aryloxypiperidines to Promote and Detect Endogenous Neurogenesis
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1576134
 
EP
 
12/05/03
 
Pending
 
N/A
 
Method for Discovering Neurogenic Agents
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11/281,640
 
US
 
11/17/05
 
Pending
 
N/A
 
Transplantation of Human Cells for Treatment of Neurological Disorders
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PCT/US05/41367
 
WO
 
11/17/05
 
Pending
 
N/A
 
Transplantation of Human Cells for Treatment of Neurological Disorders

15

Patents Issued

Number
 
Country
 
Filing
Date
 
Issue Date
 
Expiration
Date
 
Title
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5,753,506
 
US
 
09/25/96
 
05/19/98
 
09/25/2016
 
Isolation, Propagation, and Directed Differentiation of Stem Cell from Embryonic and Adult Central Nervous System of Mammals
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6,040,180
 
US
 
05/07/97
 
03/21/00
 
09/25/2016
 
In Vitro Generation of Differentiated Neurons from Cultures of Mammalian Multi-potential CNS Stem Cell
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6,284,539
 
US
 
10/09/98
 
09/04/01
 
10/9/2018
 
Method for Generating Dopaminergic Cells Derived from Neural Precursors
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
755849
 
Australia
 
09/22/99
 
04/03/03
 
09/20/2019
 
Stable Neural Stem Cell Lines
 
We also rely upon trade-secret protection for our confidential and proprietary information and take active measures to control access to that information.
 
Our policy is to require our employees, consultants and significant scientific collaborators and sponsored researchers to execute confidentiality agreements upon the commencement of an employment or consulting relationship with us. These agreements generally provide that all confidential information developed or made known to the individual by us during the course of the individual's relationship with us is to be kept confidential and not disclosed to third parties except in specific circumstances. In the case of employees and consultants, the agreements generally provide that all inventions conceived by the individual in the course of rendering services to us shall be our exclusive property.

The patent positions of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, including ours, are uncertain and involve complex and evolving legal and factual questions. The coverage sought in a patent application can be denied or significantly reduced before or after the patent is issued. Consequently, we do not know whether any of our pending applications will result in the issuance of patents, or if any existing or future patents will provide significant protection or commercial advantage or will be circumvented by others. Since patent applications are secret until the applications are published (usually eighteen months after the earliest effective filing date), and since publication of discoveries in the scientific or patent literature often lags behind actual discoveries, we cannot be certain that we were the first to make the inventions covered by each of our pending patent applications or that we were the first to file patent applications for such inventions. There can be no assurance that patents will issue from our pending or future patent applications or, if issued, that such patents will be of commercial benefit to us, afford us adequate protection from competing products, or not be challenged or declared invalid.
 
In the event that a third party has also filed a patent application relating to inventions claimed in our patent applications, we may have to participate in interference proceedings declared by the United States Patent and Trademark Office to determine priority of invention, which could result in substantial uncertainties and cost for us, even if the eventual outcome is favorable to us. There can be no assurance that our patents, if issued, would be held valid by a court of competent jurisdiction.
 
A number of pharmaceutical, biotechnology and other companies, universities and research institutions have filed patent applications or have been issued patents relating to cell therapy, stem cells and other technologies potentially relevant to or required by our expected products. We cannot predict which, if any, of such applications will issue as patents or the claims that might be allowed.
 
16

If third party patents or patent applications contain claims infringed by our technology and such claims are ultimately determined to be valid, there can be no assurance that we would be able to obtain licenses to these patents at a reasonable cost, if at all, or be able to develop or obtain alternative non-infringing technology. If we are unable to obtain such licenses or develop or obtain alternative non-infringing technology at a reasonable cost, we may not be able to develop certain products commercially. There can be no assurance that we will not be obliged to defend ourselves in court against allegations of infringement of third party patents. Patent litigation is very expensive and could consume substantial resources and create significant uncertainties. An adverse outcome in such a suit could subject us to significant liabilities to third parties, require us to seek licenses from third parties, or require us to cease using such technology.
 
Competition

The biotechnology industries are characterized by rapidly evolving technology and intense competition. Our competitors include major multinational pharmaceutical companies, specialty biotechnology companies and chemical and medical products companies operating in the fields of regenerative medicine, cell therapy, tissue engineering and tissue regeneration. Many of these companies are well-established and possess technical, research and development, financial and sales and marketing resources significantly greater than ours. In addition, certain smaller biotech companies have formed strategic collaborations, partnerships and other types of joint ventures with larger, well established industry competitors that afford these companies potential research and development and commercialization advantages. Academic institutions, governmental agencies and other public and private research organizations are also conducting and financing research activities which may produce products directly competitive to those we are developing. Moreover, many of these competitors may be able to obtain patent protection, obtain FDA and other regulatory approvals and begin commercial sales of their products before we do.

In the general area of cell-based therapies, we compete with a variety of companies, most of whom are specialty biotechnology companies. Some of these, such as Geron Corporation, Genzyme Corporation, StemCells, Inc., Aastrom Biosciences, Inc. and Viacell, Inc., are well-established and have substantial technical and financial resources compared to us. However, as cell-based products are only just emerging as medical therapies, many of our direct competitors are smaller biotechnology and specialty medical products companies. These smaller companies may become significant competitors through rapid evolution of new technologies. Any of these companies could substantially strengthen their competitive position through strategic alliances or collaborative arrangements with large pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies.

The diseases and medical conditions we are targeting have no effective long-term therapies. Nevertheless, we expect that our technologies and products will compete with a variety of therapeutic products and procedures offered by major pharmaceutical companies. Many pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies are investigating new drugs and therapeutic approaches for the same purposes, which may achieve new efficacy profiles, extend the therapeutic window for such products, alter the prognosis of these diseases, or prevent their onset. We believe that our products, when and if successfully developed, will compete with these products principally on the basis of improved and extended efficacy and safety and their overall economic benefit to the health care system.
 
Competition for any stem cell products that we may develop may be in the form of existing and new drugs, other forms of cell transplantation, surgical procedures, and gene therapy. We believe that some of our competitors are also trying to develop similar stem cell-based technologies. We expect that all of these products will compete with our potential stem cell products based on efficacy, safety, cost and intellectual property positions. We may also face competition from companies that have filed patent applications relating to the use of genetically modified cells to treat disease, disorder or injury. In the event our therapies should require the use of such genetically modified cells, we may be required to seek licenses from these competitors in order to commercialize certain of our proposed products, and such licenses may not be granted.

If we develop products that receive regulatory approval, they would then have to compete for market acceptance and market share. For certain of our potential products, an important success factor will be the timing of market introduction of competitive products. This timing will be a function of the relative speed with which we and our competitors can develop products, complete the clinical testing and approval processes, and supply commercial quantities of a product to market. These competitive products may also impact the timing of clinical testing and approval processes by limiting the number of clinical investigators and patients available to test our potential products.

Government Regulation

Regulation by governmental authorities in the United States and other countries is a significant factor in our research and development and will be a significant factor in the manufacture and marketing of our proposed products. The nature and extent to which such regulation applies to us will vary depending on the nature of any products we may develop. We anticipate that many, if not all, of our products will require regulatory approval by governmental agencies prior to commercialization. In particular, human therapeutic products are subject to rigorous preclinical and clinical testing and other approval procedures of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, referred to as the FDA, and similar regulatory authorities in European and other countries. Various governmental statutes and regulations also govern or influence testing, manufacturing, safety, labeling, storage and recordkeeping related to such products and their marketing. The process of obtaining these approvals and the subsequent compliance with appropriate statutes and regulations require the expenditure of substantial time and money, and there can be no guarantee that approvals will be granted.

FDA Approval    The FDA requirements for our potential products to be marketed in the United States include the following five steps:
  
17

Preclinical laboratory and animal tests must be conducted. Preclinical tests include laboratory evaluation of the cells and the formulation intended for use in humans for quality and consistency. In vivo studies are performed in normal animals and specific disease models to assess the potential safety and efficacy of the cell therapy product.

An investigational new drug application, or IND, must be submitted to the FDA, and the IND must become effective before human clinical trials in the United States may commence. The IND is submitted to the FDA with the preclinical data, a proposed development plan and a proposed protocol for a study in humans. The IND becomes effective 30 days following receipt by the FDA, provided there are no questions, requests for delay or objections from the FDA. If the FDA has questions or concerns, it notifies the sponsor, and the IND will then be on clinical hold until a satisfactory response is made by the sponsor.

Adequate and well-controlled human clinical trials must be conducted to establish the safety and efficacy of the product. Clinical trials involve the evaluation of a potential product under the supervision of a qualified physician, in accordance with a protocol that details the objectives of the study, the parameters to be used to monitor safety and the efficacy criteria to be evaluated. Each protocol is submitted to the FDA as part of the IND. The protocol for each clinical study must be approved by an independent institutional review board, or IRB, of the institution at which the study is conducted, and the informed consent of all participants must be obtained. The IRB reviews the existing information on the product, considers ethical factors, the safety of human subjects, the potential benefits of the therapy and the possible liability of the institution. The IRB is responsible for ongoing safety assessment of the subjects during the clinical investigation. Clinical development is traditionally conducted in three sequential phases.
 
·
Phase 1 studies for a cell therapy product are designed to evaluate safety in a small number of subjects in a selected patient population by assessing adverse effects, and may include multiple dose levels. This study may also gather preliminary evidence of a beneficial effect on the disease.
 
·
Phase 2 may involve studies in a limited patient population to determine biological and clinical effects of the product and to identify possible adverse effects and safety risks of the product in the selected patient population.
 
·
Phase 3 trials would be undertaken to conclusively demonstrate clinical benefit or effect and to test further for safety within a broader patient population, generally at multiple study sites. The FDA continually reviews the clinical trial plans and results and may suggest changes or may require discontinuance of the trials at any time if significant safety issues arise.
 
Marketing authorization applications must be submitted to the FDA. The results of the preclinical studies and clinical studies are submitted to the FDA in the form of marketing approval authorization applications.
The FDA must approve the applications prior to any commercial sale or practice of the technology or product. Biologic product manufacturing establishments located in certain states also may be subject to separate regulatory and licensing requirements. The testing and approval process will require substantial time, effort and expense. The time for approval is affected by a number of factors, including relative risks and benefits demonstrated in clinical trials, the availability of alternative treatments and the severity of the disease, and animal studies or clinical trials that may be requested during the FDA review period.

Our research and development is based largely on the use of human stem and progenitor cells. The FDA has initiated a risk-based approach to regulating human cell, tissue and cellular and tissue-based products and has published current Good Tissue Practice regulations. As part of this approach, the FDA has published final rules for registration of establishments that engage in the recovery, screening, testing, processing, storage or distribution of human cells, tissues, and cellular and tissue-based products, and for the listing of such products. While the Company believes that it is in compliance with all such practices and regulations; we are not required to register until we apply for licensure from the FDA for our product, subject to successful completion of human trials. In addition, the FDA has published rules for making suitability and eligibility determinations for donors of cells and tissue and for current good tissue practice for manufacturers using them, which have recently taken effect. We cannot now determine the full effects of this regulatory initiative, including precisely how it may affect the clarity of regulatory obligations and the extent of regulatory burdens associated with our stem cell research and the manufacture and marketing of stem cell products.

European and Other Regulatory Approval   Approval of a product by regulatory authorities comparable to the FDA in Europe and other countries will likely be necessary prior to commencement of marketing a product in any of these countries. The regulatory authorities in each country may impose their own requirements and may refuse to grant approval, or may require additional data before granting approval, even though the relevant product has been approved by the FDA or another authority. The regulatory authorities in the European Union, or EU, and other developed countries have lengthy approval processes for pharmaceutical products. The process for gaining approval in particular countries varies, but is generally similar to the FDA approval process. In Europe, the European Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products provides a mechanism for EU-member states to exchange information on all aspects of product licensing. The EU has established a European agency for the evaluation of medical products, with both a centralized community procedure and a decentralized procedure, the latter being based on the principle of licensing within one member country followed by mutual recognition by the other member countries.
  
Other Regulations   In addition to safety regulations enforced by the FDA, we are also subject to regulations under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the Environmental Protection Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act and other present and potential future and federal, state, local, and foreign regulations.

18

Outside the United States, we will be subject to regulations that govern the import of drug products from the United States or other manufacturing sites and foreign regulatory requirements governing human clinical trials and marketing approval for our products. The requirements governing the conduct of clinical trials, product licensing, pricing and reimbursements vary widely from country to country.
 
The United States Congress, several states and foreign countries have considered legislation banning or restricting human application of stem cell-based and nuclear transfer based technologies. No assurance can be given regarding future restrictions or prohibitions that might affect our technology and business. In addition, we cannot assure you that future judicial rulings with respect to nuclear transfer technology or human stem cells will not have the effect of delaying, limiting or preventing the use of nuclear transfer technology or stem cell-based technology or delaying, limiting or preventing the sale, manufacture or use of products or services derived from nuclear transfer technology or stem cell-derived material. Any such legislative or judicial development would harm our ability to generate revenues and operate profitably.
 
For additional information about governmental regulations that will affect our planned and intended business operations, see "RISK FACTORS" beginning on page 2.
 
Employees
 
As of April 30, 2007, we had two full-time employees and three part-time employees. Of these employees, one is directly involved in research and development activities and three are engaged in business development and administration. We also use the services of numerous outside consultants in business and scientific matters. We believe that we have good relations with our employees and consultants.
 
PROPERTIES

We currently lease two facilities.   Our executive   offices and primary research facilities are located at 9700 Great Seneca Highway, Rockville MD, 20850. We lease these facilities consisting of approximately 2,500 square feet for $4,876.00 per month. The term of our lease expires on March 31, 2008.

We have recently entered into a 12 month lease to secure animal research space in San Diego California at a monthly lease rate of $5,500. This amount includes personnel and supplies used in connection with our animal tests

The aforesaid properties are in good condition and we believe they will be suitable for our purposes for the next 12 months. There is no affiliation between us or any of our principals or agents and our landlords or any of their principals or agents.
 
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
Of FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULT OF OPERATIONS

Overview

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See “Risk Factors” set forth on page 2 of this report for a more complete discussion of these factors. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date that they are made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
 
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this report.

We are a biotechnology company focused on developing and commercializing human stem cell technology in the emerging fields of regenerative medicine and stem cell therapy.

Trends & Outlook

Revenue; Our revenue is currently derived from grant reimbursements and licensing fees. As our focus is now on pre-clinical work in anticipation of entering clinical trials in 2007, we are not concentrated on increasing revenue. Additionally, as our current grants wind down, revenue can be expected to continue decreasing. Finally, as most grants use a fiscal year of October 31, revenue attributed to grants tends to be lower in the initial quarters of the year and increases in subsequent quarters.
 
Long-term, we anticipate that grant revenue as a percentage of revenue will decrease and our revenue will be derived primarily from licensing fees and the sale of our cell therapy products. At present we are in our pre-clinical stage of development and as a result, we can not accurately predict when or if we will be able to produce a product for commercialization. Accordingly, we cannot accurately estimate when such a change in revenue composition will occur or if it will ever occur.

19

Research & Development Expense; Our research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated with basic and pre-clinical research exclusively in the field of human neural stem cell therapies and regenerative medicine, related to our clinical cell therapy candidates. These expenses represent both pre-clinical development costs and costs associated with non-clinical support activities such as quality control and regulatory processes. The cost of our research and development personnel is the most significant category of expense; however, we also incur expenses with third parties, including license agreements, third party contract services, sponsored research programs and consulting expenses.

We do not segregate research and development costs by project because our research is focused exclusively on human stem cell therapies as a unitary field of study. Although we have different areas of focus for our research, these areas are completely intertwined and have not yet matured to the point where they are separate and distinct projects. The intellectual property, scientists and other resources dedicated to these efforts are not separately allocated to individual projects, but rather are conducting our research on an integrated basis.

We expect that research and development expenses will continue to increase in the foreseeable future as we add personnel, expand our pre-clinical research (animal surgeries, manufacturing of cells, and in vitro characterization of cells which includes testing and cell quality control), begin clinical trial activities, increase our regulatory compliance capabilities, and ultimately begin manufacturing.

In the third Quarter of 2006 we retained Qunitiles, Inc. to assist with regulatory compliance, preparation of our first IND application, and patient enrollment for our first Human Trial. While recruitment for the trial cannot commence until we have received an FDA approved protocol, much of the infrastructure required must be done well in advance. For instance, we can begin the identification, contact and education of prospective patients and the treatment communities. The expenses associated with their services are estimated to be $200,000 to $250,000 over a twelve month period.

Additionally, we anticipate hiring 2 additional technicians to assist in the in-house lab work associated with various grant and collaborative work. With regard to material and personnel costs, as the industry continues to mature and grow, we have seen increased demand for qualified personnel and suitable materials. Notwithstanding, we feel that our outsource model will provide us with some protection regarding fluctuating pricing.

Although we feel the above increase in personnel will be sufficient for our short term needs, the amount of the monetary increases stemming from increased personnel and expenses as we move from pre-clinical to clinical state is difficult to predict due to the uncertainty inherent in the timing and extent of progress in our research programs, and initiation of clinical trials. In addition, the results from our basic research and pre-clinical trials, as well as the results of trials of similar therapeutics under development by others, will influence the number, size and duration of planned and unplanned trials. As our research efforts mature, we will continue to review the direction of our research based on an assessment of the value of possible commercial applications emerging from these efforts. Based on this continuing review, we expect to establish discrete research programs and evaluate the cost and potential for cash inflows from commercializing products, partnering with others in the biotechnology industry, or licensing the technologies associated with these programs to third parties.
 
We believe that it is not possible at this stage to provide a meaningful estimate of the total cost to complete our ongoing projects and bring any proposed products to market. The use of human stem cells as a therapy is an emerging area of medicine, and it is not known what clinical trials will be required by the FDA in order to gain marketing approval. The costs to complete such clinical trials could vary substantially depending upon the projects selected for development, the number of clinical trials required and the number of patients needed for each study. At a minimum, we feel that any trials will require at least 10 patients at an estimated cost of $100,000 per patient. It is possible that the completion of these studies could be delayed for a variety of reasons, including difficulties in enrolling patients, delays in manufacturing, incomplete or inconsistent data from the pre-clinical or clinical trials, and difficulties evaluating the trial results. Any delay in completion of a trial would increase the cost of that trial, which would harm our results of operations. Due to these uncertainties, we cannot reasonably estimate the size, nature nor timing of the costs to complete, or the amount or timing of the net cash inflows from our current activities. Until we obtain further relevant pre-clinical and clinical data, we will not be able to estimate our future expenses related to these programs or when, if ever, and to what extent we will receive cash inflows from resulting products.
 
General and Administrative Expenses; Our general and administrative expenses consist of the general costs, expenses and salaries for the operation and maintenance of our business. We anticipate that general and administrative expenses will increase as we progress from pre-clinical to a clinical phase. Additionally, we also anticipate submitting an application to become listed on a national exchanges such as the AMEX or NASDAQ. In anticipation, we are adding in-house accounting and finance capabilities which will also enable us to conform to the various requirements imposed by Sarbanes Oxley. As a result, we foresee an increase in general and administrative expenses relating to professional services (legal, accounting, audit) and estimate such fees to be $20,000 per month.
 
Moreover, in August of 2006 we became the subject of patent litigation with one of our competitors, StemCells, Inc.. The litigation is in its initial stages and it is hard to estimate what the actual costs stemming there from will be. We have currently budgeted an additional $20,000 per month but this amount could significantly increase. Notwithstanding, we anticipate that General and Administrative Expense related to our core business will increase at a slower rate than that of similar companies making such transition do in large part to our outsourcing model.
 
Significant Accounting Policies

Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements describes the significant accounting policies used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. Certain of these significant accounting policies are considered to be critical accounting policies, as defined below.

20

A critical accounting policy is defined as one that is both material to the presentation of our financial statements and requires management to make difficult, subjective or complex judgments that could have a material effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Specifically, critical accounting estimates have the following attributes: 1) we are required to make assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time of the estimate; and 2) different estimates we could reasonably have used, or changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur, would have a material effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

Estimates and assumptions about future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be applicable and reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates may change as new events occur, as additional information is obtained and as our operating environment changes. These changes have historically been minor and have been included in the consolidated financial statements as soon as they became known. Based on a critical assessment of our accounting policies and the underlying judgments and uncertainties affecting the application of those policies, management believes that our consolidated financial statements are fairly stated in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, and present a meaningful presentation of our financial condition and results of operations. We believe the following critical accounting policies reflect our more significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements:

 Use of Estimates --These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and, accordingly, require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Specifically, our management has estimated the expected economic life and value of our licensed technology, our net operating loss for tax purposes and our stock, option and warrant expenses related to compensation to employees and directors, consultants and investment banks. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Equivalents --Cash equivalents are comprised of certain highly liquid investments with maturity of three months or less when purchased. We maintain our cash in bank deposit accounts, which at times, may exceed federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in such account.

Revenue Recognition --Our revenues, to date, revenue has been derived primarily from providing treated samples for gene expression data from stem cell experiments and from providing services as a subcontractor under federal grant programs. Revenue is recognized when there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists, delivery of goods and services has occurred, the price is fixed and determinable, and collection is reasonably assured.
 
Intangible and Long-Lived Assets --We follow SFAS No. 144, "Accounting for Impairment of Disposal of Long-Lived Assets," which established a "primary asset" approach to determine the cash flow estimation period for a group of assets and liabilities that represents the unit of accounting for a long lived asset to be held and used. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. During the period ended December 31, 2005 no impairment losses were recognized.

Research and Development Costs --Research and development costs consist of expenditures for the research and development of patents and technology, which are not capitalizable and charged to operations when incurred. Our research and development costs consist mainly of payroll and payroll related expenses, research supplies and costs incurred in connection with specific research grants.
 
Stock Based Compensation --We recognize expenses for stock-based compensation arrangements in accordance with provisions of Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, “ Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related Interpretations. Accordingly, compensation cost is recognized for the excess of the estimated fair value of the stock at the grant date over the exercise price, if any. The Company accounts for equity instruments issued to non-employees in accordance with EITF 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments that are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Good or Services.” Accordingly, the estimated fair value of the equity instrument is recorded on the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date the services required are completed.

Beginning in 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123R “Share Based Payment” which superseded APB Opinion No. 25. SFAS No. 123R requires compensation costs related to share-based payment transactions to be recognized in the financial statements. We do not believe the adoption of SFAS No. 123R will have a material impact on our financial statements.
 
21

 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Comparison of Results for the Years ending December 31, 2006 and 2005

Summary Income Statement

 
 
Year Ending December 31,
 
 
 
2006
 
2005
 
 
 
 
 
(Restated)
 
Revenues
 
$
265,759
 
$
309,142
 
Operating Expenses
   
3,427,370
   
1,876,500
 
 
         
Operating Loss
   
(3,161,611
)
 
(1,567,358
)
 
         
Nonoperating income (expense)
   
14,123
   
(84,149
)
 
         
Net Loss
 
$
(3,147,488
)
$
(1,651,507
)


Revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 was approximately $265,759 compared to $309,142 for the twelve months ended and December 31, 2005. These amounts relate primarily to license fees, grant reimbursements and royalties.   The decrease in revenue in current period was principally due to decrease in our license fees with BRM which we did not collect such fees in 2006. We have since renegotiated our license agreement with BRM which calls for such fees to resume in 2007 however, at lower amounts than what was previously received in past years.
 
Research and development expenses for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 were approximately $1,660,321 compared to $568,299 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005. The increase in expenses in current periods, consists mainly of payroll and payroll related expenses, consultant, research supplies and costs incurred in connection with specific research grants and clinical trails.
 
General, selling and administrative expenses for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 were approximately $1,715,126 compared to $1,256,278 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005. The principal increase in expenses in 2006 versus 2005 were due to increased professional fees such as legal, accounting and consulting related to the company becoming public and marketing. Additionally, increased in legal fees was associated with litigation in defending its patents.
 
Other income (expense) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 were $14,123 compared to $(84,149) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005. The decrease compared to the prior period is primarily attributable to a decrease in interest expense by approximately $93,000 mainly due to payoffs of notes payable in 2005.
 
Net loss for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 was $3,147,487 compared to $1,651,507 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005. The increased loss in the current periods is the result of the foregoing factors discussed.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment.” SFAS No. 123R replaced SFAS No. 123 and superseded Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25. SFAS No. 123R will require compensation costs related to share-based payment transactions to be recognized in the financial statements. On April 14, 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued an announcement amending the compliance dates for the FASB's SFAS 123R that addresses accounting for equity based compensation arrangements. Under SFAS 123R registrants would have been required to implement the standard as of the beginning of the first interim or annual period that begins after June 15, 2005. The Commission's new rule will allow companies to implement SFAS 123R at the beginning of the next fiscal year after June 15, 2005. The Company anticipates adopting SFAS 123R in the first quarter 2006. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 123R will have a material impact on our financial statements.
 

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, “Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29” (“SFAS No. 153”). SFAS No. 153 is based on the principle that exchanges of nonmonetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. APB Opinion No. 29, “Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions,” provided an exception to its basic measurement principle (fair value) for exchanges of similar productive assets. Under APB Opinion No. 29, an exchange of a productive asset for a similar productive asset was based on the recorded amount of the asset relinquished. SFAS No. 153 eliminates this exception and replaces it with an exception of exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have commercial substance. SFAS No. 153 became effective for our Company as of July 1, 2005. The Company will apply the requirements of SFAS No. 153 on any future nonmonetary exchange transactions.
 
22

In March 2005, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation ("FIN") No. 47 "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations--an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143" ("FIN No. 47"). FIN No. 47 clarifies the timing of liability recognition for legal obligations associated with the retirement of a tangible long-lived asset when the timing and/or method of settlement are conditional on a future event. FIN No. 47 is effective for us no later than December 31, 2005. We do not expect that the adoption of FIN No. 47 will have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
 
Note 1.  In May 2005,   the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections, a replacement of APB No. 20 and FASB Statement No. 3” (“SFAS No. 154”).  SFAS No. 154 requires retrospective application to prior periods' financial statements of a voluntary change in accounting principle unless it is impracticable.  APB Opinion No. 20 “Accounting Changes,” previously required that most voluntary changes in accounting principle be recognized by including in net income of the period of the change the cumulative effect of changing to the new accounting principle.  This statement is effective for our Company as of January 1, 2006. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 154 will have a material impact on our financial statements.
 
In February 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 155, Accounting for Certain Hybrid Instruments. This standard amends the guidance in FASB Statements No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, and No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. Statement 155 allows financial instruments that have embedded derivatives to be accounted for as a whole (eliminating the need to bifurcate the derivative from its host) if the holder elects to account for the whole instrument on a fair value basis. Management is currently evaluating the impact FASB 155 will have on our consolidated financial statements.

 In September 2005, the Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF, reached a consensus on Issue 05-8, "Income Tax Consequences of Issuing Convertible Debt with a Beneficial Conversion Feature." EITF Issues No. 98-5, "Accounting for Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features or Contingently Adjustable Conversion Ratios," and No. 00-27, "Application of Issue No. 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments," provide guidance on how companies should bifurcate convertible debt issued with a beneficial conversion feature into a liability and an equity component. For income tax purposes, such an instrument is only recorded as a liability. A question has been raised as to whether a basis difference results from the issuance of convertible debt with a beneficial conversion feature and, if so, whether the basis difference is a temporary difference. We do not expect the provisions of this consensus to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In November 2004, the Emerging Issues Task Force or EITF reached final consensus on Issue 04-8, "The Effect of Contingently Convertible Debt on Diluted Earnings per Share." Contingently convertible debt instruments, commonly referred to as Co-Cos, are structured financial transactions that combine the features of contingently issuable shares with a convertible debt instrument. Co-Cos are convertible into common shares of the issuer after the common stock price has exceeded a predetermined threshold for a specified time period (market price trigger). The issue is when the dilutive effect of Co-Cos should be included in diluted earnings per share. Management does not expect the implementation of this new standard to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
 
In September 2005, the Emerging Issues Task Force or EITF discussed Issue 05-4, The Effect of a Liquidated Damages Clause on a Freestanding Instrument Subject to EITF Issue No. 00-19, "Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company's Own Stock." The Effect of a Liquidated Damages Clause on a Freestanding Financial Instrument Subject to EITF Issue No. 00-19, "Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company's Own Stock." Issuance of a registration rights agreement with a liquidated damages clause is common when equity instruments, stock purchase warrants, and financial instruments that are convertible into equity securities are issued. The agreement requires the issuer to use its "best efforts" to file a registration statement for the resale of the equity instruments or the shares of stock underlying the stock purchase warrant or convertible financial instrument and have it declared effective by the end of a specified grace period. The issuer may also be required to maintain the effectiveness of the registration statement for a period of time or pay a liquidated damage penalty to the investor each month until the registration statement is declared effective. Given the potential significance of the penalty, a question arises as to the effect, if any this feature has on the related financial instruments if they are subject to the scope of Issue 00-19. We are currently evaluating the effects of EITF 05-4 and have not been able to ascertain, if any, impact to our financial statements.
  
In September 2005, the Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF, reached a consensus on Issue 05-7, "Accounting for Modifications to Conversion Options Embedded in Debt Securities and Related Issues." EITF Issue No. 96-19, "Debtor's Accounting for a Modification or Exchange of Debt Instruments," provides guidance on whether modifications of debt result in an extinguishment of that debt. In certain situations, companies may change the terms of a conversion option as part of a debt modification, which may result in the following circumstances: (a) the change in the conversion option's terms causes the fair value of the conversion option to change but does not result in the modification meeting the condition in Issue 96-19 that would require the modification to be accounted for as an extinguishment of debt, and (b) the change in the conversion option's terms did not result in separate accounting for the conversion option under Statement 133. When both of these circumstances exist, questions have arisen regarding whether (a) the modification to the conversion option, which changes its fair value, should affect subsequent interest expense recognition related to the debt and (b) a beneficial conversion feature related to a debt modification should be recognized by the borrower if the modification increases the intrinsic value of the debt. We do not expect the provisions of this consensus to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
 
 In June 2005, the Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF, reached a consensus on Issue 05-2, "The Meaning of "Conventional Convertible Debt Instrument" in EITF Issue 00-19. Paragraph 4 of Issue 00-19 states that "the requirements of paragraphs 12-32 of this issue do not apply if the hybrid contract is a conventional convertible debt instrument in which the holder may only realize the value of the conversion option by exercising the option and receiving the entire proceeds in a fixed number of shares or the equivalent amount of cash (at the discretion of the issuer)". The term "conventional convertible debt instrument" is not defined in Issue 00-19 and, as a result, questions have arisen regarding when a convertible debt instrument should be considered "conventional" for purposes of Issue 00-19. A question has also arisen related to whether conventional convertible preferred stock should be treated similar to conventional convertible debt. We do not expect the provisions of this consensus to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

23

In June 2005, the Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF, reached a consensus on Issue 05-6, Determining the Amortization Period for Leasehold Improvements, which requires that leasehold improvements acquired in a business combination or purchased subsequent to the inception of a lease be amortized over the lesser of the useful life of the assets or a term that includes renewals that are reasonably assured at the date of the business combination or purchase. EITF 05-6 is effective for periods beginning after July 1, 2005. We do not expect the provisions of this consensus to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In March 2005, the SEC released Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, "Share-Based Payment"("SAB 107"), which provides interpretive guidance related to the interaction between SFAS 123(R) and certain SEC rules and regulations. It also provides the SEC staff's views regarding valuation of share-based payment arrangements. In April 2005, the SEC amended the compliance dates for SFAS 123(R), to allow companies to implement the standard at the beginning of their next fiscal year, instead of the next reporting period beginning after June 15, 2005. Management is currently evaluating the impact SAB 107 will have on our consolidated financial statements.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
We are financing our operations primarily with the proceeds from the sale of our securities. During the year ended December 31, 2006 we generated cash from financing activities of $4,674,799 compared to $1,234,255 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005 as described in Notes 2 to our Financial Statements. To a substantially lesser degree, financing of our operations is provided through grant funding, payments received under license agreements, and interest earned on cash and cash equivalents.

We have incurred substantial net losses each year since inception as a result of research and development and general and administrative expenses in support of our operations. We anticipate incurring substantial net losses in the future.

Cash, cash equivalents, and cash held in escrow at December 31, 2006 were $1,807,041 compared to $526,381 at December 31, 2005. The increase in the period ended December 31, 2006 was the result of closing the financing described above, net of amounts spent for payment of notes and accounts payable, increased legal and accounting fees, fees paid to the placement agent, and increases in other research and development and general and administrative expenses.

In March we completed the private placement of 2,454,000 units which resulted in gross proceeds to the company of $6,135,000. As a result of this offering, cash and cash equivalents as of the date of this prospectus are $6,400,000.
 
Taking into account our development plans, we feel our cash and cash equivalents are limited. We expect to require substantial additional funding. Our future cash requirements will depend on many factors, including the pace and scope of our research and development programs, the costs involved in filing, prosecuting, maintaining and enforcing patents and other costs associated with commercializing our potential products. We intend to seek additional funding primarily through public or private financing transactions, and, to a lesser degree, new licensing or scientific collaborations, grants from governmental or other institutions, and other related transactions. If we are unable to raise additional funds, we will be forced to either scale back our business efforts or curtail our business activities entirely.

We currently have a monthly burn rate of $260,000. We anticipate that our available cash and expected income, including the additional capital raised in March of 2007, will be sufficient to finance most of our current activities for at least 20 months from the date of this prospectus, although certain of these activities and related personnel may need to be reduced.
 
In the event we are able to file a successful IND with the FDA, we anticipate we will enter clinical trials in late 2007. In the event of such trials, we would incur additional expenses associated with such trials which are estimated to exceed $1,000,000. Assuming our current monthly cash burn rate of $260,000, increased expense from regulatory compliance and personnel required for the pre-trial and clinical trial work, as well as the estimated cost of the trial, our cash on hand is sufficient to finance our current operations, pre-clinical and clinical work for at least 16 months from the date of this prospectus. We cannot assure you that public or private financing or grants will be available on acceptable terms, if at all. Several factors will affect our ability to raise additional funding, including, but not limited to, the volatility of our Common Stock.
 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
As of the date of this prospectus, there are no material pending legal or governmental proceedings relating to our company or properties to which we are a party, and to our knowledge there are no material proceedings to which any of our directors, executive officers or affiliates are a party adverse to us or which have a material interest adverse to us, other than the following:
 
24

On July 28, 2006, StemCells, Inc. and StemCells California, Inc. (collectively “Stemcells”) of Palo Alto, California, filed suit against Neuralstem, Inc. in U.S. District Court in Maryland, alleging that Neuralstem has been infringing, contributing to the infringement of, and or inducing the infringement of four patents owned by or exclusively licensed to StemCells relating to stem cell culture compositions, genetically modified stem cell cultures, and methods of using such cultures.

In October 2006, Neuralstem filed a motion to dismiss, or in the alternative for summary judgment, arguing that its preclinical research activities are covered under the “safe harbor” provision of 35 U.S.C. § 271(e)(1). On October 30, 2006, Neuralstem also filed an Answer denying that its stem cell technology infringed the StemCell patents, and asked the Court to declare those patents invalid and/or unenforceable for failing to meet the patent law requirements. Neuralstem also filed a Counterclaim alleging that StemCells has violated Section 2 of the Sherman Antitrust Act by engaging in sham litigation.

Discovery on all substantive patent issues except Neuralstem’s safe harbor defense has been stayed pending resolution of Neuralstem’s Motion to Dismiss. It is not known when nor on what basis this matter will be concluded.

 
MANAGEMENT
 
The following table sets forth the name, age and position of each of our directors, executive officers and significant employees as of March 26, 2007. Except as noted below each director will hold office until the next annual meeting of our stockholders or until his or her successor has been elected and qualified. Our executive officers are appointed by, and serve at the discretion of, the Board of Directors. 
 
Name
 
Age
 
Position
 
 
 
 
 
I. Richard Garr
 
53
 
Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, President, General Counsel and Director
 
 
 
 
 
Karl Johe, Ph.D.
 
46
 
Chief Scientific Officer, Chairman of the Board, and Director
         
Scott V. Ogilvie
 
53
 
Director
         
William Oldaker
 
65
 
Director
         
John Conron
 
56
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
Mr. I. Richard Garr, JD has been our Chief Executive Office, Chief Financial Officer, President, Board Director & Co-Founder since 1996. Mr. Garr was previously an attorney with Beli, Weil & Jacobs, the B&G Companies, and Circle Management Companies. Mr. Garr is a graduate of Drew University (1976) and the Columbus School of Law, The Catholic University of America (1979). Additionally, he was a founder and current Board member of the First Star Foundation, a children's charity focused on abused children's issues; a founder of The Starlight Foundation Mid Atlantic chapter, which focuses on helping seriously ill children; and is a past Honorary Chairman of the Brain Tumor Society.
 
Mr. Karl Johe, Ph.D. has been our Chief Scientific Officer, Chairman & Co-Founder since 1996. Dr. Johe has over 15 years of research and laboratory experience. Dr. Johe is the sole inventor of Neuralstem's granted stem cell patents and is responsible for strategic planning and development of the Company's therapeutic products. Dr. Johe received his Bachelor of Arts Degree in Chemistry from the University of Kansas. Dr. Johe also received a Master's Degree from the University of Kansas and his doctorate was received from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. From 1993 to January 1997, Dr. Johe served as a Staff Scientist at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke in Bethesda, Maryland. While holding this position, Dr. Johe conducted research on the isolation of neural stem cells, the elucidation of mechanisms directing cell type specification of central nervous system stem cells and the establishment of an in vitro model of mammalian neurogenesis.
 
Mr. Scott V. Ogilvie, has served on our board of directors since April 12, 2007. Mr. Ogilvie serves as CEO and President of Gulf Enterprises International, Ltd.. Gulf Enterprises International, Ltd, through its United States and Gulf Cooperative Counsel (“GCC”) operating partners and strategic shareholders, brings GCC regional as well as U.S. and international expertise, investment capital and operating platforms to the Middle East and North Africa markets in areas such as Infrastructure, Industrial, IT, Energy, Entertainment, Health Care and Real Estate. Mr. Ogilvie is also Managing Director & COO of CIC Group. Formed in 1995, CIC Group is a privately owned international financial services and investment holding company. Mr. Ogilvie began his career as a corporate and securities lawyer with Hill, Farrer & Burrill. Mr. Ogilvie has extensive public and private corporate board experience in finance, real estate, and technology companies. He is a founding member of the board of directors of the American Kuwaiti Alliance, a U.S. non profit corporation comprised of prominent Kuwaiti and U.S. companies and institutions. Mr. Ogilvie received his BSBA-Finance degree from the University of Denver and holds his JD from the University of California, Hastings College of Law.
 
25

Mr. William Oldaker, has served on our board of directors since April 12, 2007. Mr. Oldaker is a founder and partner in the Washington, D.C. law firm of Oldaker, Biden & Belair, LLP. Prior to founding the firm in 1993, Mr. Oldaker was a partner in the Washington office of the law firm of Manatt, Phelps and Phillips from 1987 to 1993. In 2004, Mr. Oldaker was a founder of WashingtonFirstBank in Washington, D.C. and serves as a member of the board of directors. He previously served as a director of Century National Bank, from 1982 until its acquisition in 2001. Mr. Oldaker was appointed by President Clinton to serve as a commissioner on the National Bioethics Advisory Commission, a post he held until 2001. He is a member of the Colorado, D.C. and Iowa Bar Associations, the Bar Association for the Court of Appeals, D.C., and the Bar of the United States Supreme Court. He is also a partner in The National Group, a consulting firm.

Mr. John Conron has served as our Chief Financial Officer effective April 1, 2007. Mr. Conron, a Certified Public Accountant, joins the Company after 30 plus years in the field of corporate finance. Since 2003, Mr. Conron has been consulting early stage companies by providing critical outsource CFO functions such as implementation of accounting systems, creation and monitoring of internal controls, Sarbanes Oxley compliance, audit preparation, financial modeling and strategic planning. Prior to his work as a consultant, Mr. Conron worked for Cyberstar, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Loral Space & Communications, Inc., where he held the position of CFO from 2000 to 2003. Mr. Conron joined Cyberstar from Transworld Telecommunications, Inc., a Qualcom spin-off which offered telecommunication services in Russia, where he served as CFO.

Mr. Conron also served as CFO and on the board of directors of Mercury Communications in London. Mercury is a European subsidiary of Cable & Wireless.

BOARD COMPOSITION AND COMMITTEES

Until April 12, 2007, our board of directors consisted of two members. On April 12, 2007 our board appointed Messrs Ogilvie and Oldaker to serve on our board of directors.

We currently do not have standing audit, nominating or compensation committees. Currently, our entire board of directors is responsible for the functions that would otherwise be handled by these committees. We intend, however, to establish an audit committee and a compensation committee of the board of directors as soon as practicable. We envision that the audit committee will be primarily responsible for reviewing the services performed by our independent auditors, evaluating our accounting policies and our system of internal controls. The compensation committee will be primarily responsible for reviewing and approving our salary and benefits policies (including stock options) and other compensation of our executive officers.


COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, we paid no compensation to our directors for their services on our board.

Effective April 12, 2007, we have adopted a compensation plan for individuals serving on our board of directors. Pursuant to the plan, each eligible director shall receive:

·  
Options to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock upon joining the board. The options shall vest as follows: (i) 10,000 shall vest on the one month anniversary of joining the Board; and (ii) 10,000 shall vest quarterly over a one year period commencing on the date such Director joins the Board;
 
·  
Each Director will receive, starting on their first year anniversary of service and each subsequent anniversary thereafter, options to purchase 10,000 shares of common stock. These annual stock option awards will vest quarterly during the year; and
 
·  
Each Director will receive options to purchase an additional 5,000 shares for each committee on which he or she serves. These special grant options will vest quarterly during the year.
 

The exercise price for the options to be granted to the directors shall be the market price of the stock on each applicable grant date.
 
26

 
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
  
Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth information for our last two most recent completed fiscal year concerning the compensation of (i) the Principal Executive Officer and (ii) all other executive officers of Neuralstem, Inc. who earned over $100,000 in salary and bonus during the last two most recently completed fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 (together the “Named Executive Officers”).  


Name and principal position
(a)
 
Year
(b)
 
Salary
($)
(c)
 
Bonus
($)
(d)
 
Stock
Awards ($)
(e)
 
Option
Award
($)
(f)(4)
 
Nonequity
Incentive
Plan
compensation
($)
(g)
 
Non-qualified
deferred
compensation earning
($)
(h)
 
All other
Compensation
($)
(i)(3)
 
Total
($)
(j)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
I. Richard Garr
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chief Executive Officer
 (Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
2006
 
$
336,750
(5)
 
186,146
(7)
 
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
31,614
 
$
554,510
 
 
 
 
2005
 
$
240,000
(1)
 
-
 
 
 
 
$
588,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
27,605
 
$
855,605
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dr. Karl Johe
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chief Scientific Officer
 
 
2006
 
$
425,250
(6)
 
186,146
(7)
 
 
 
 
 -
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
31,614
 
$
643,010
 
 
 
 
2005
 
$
240,000
(2)
 
-
 
 
 
 
$
588,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
23,070
 
$
851,070
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Merrill Solomon
 
 
2006
 
$
132,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
31,614
 
$
163,614
 
 
(1)
Includes $200,000 paid as consulting fees and $40,000 paid pursuant to the November 1, 2005 employment agreement with the Company.
(2)
Includes $200,000 paid as consulting fees and $40,000 paid pursuant to the November 1, 2005 employment agreement with the Company.
(3)
Includes automobile allowance, perquisites and other personal benefits.
(4)
For additional information regarding the valuation of Option Awards, refer to Note 2 of our financial statements in the section captioned “ Stock Options. 
(5)
Includes $312,750 paid pursuant to amended employment agreement and 24,000 1099 income for partial year service as general counsel.
(6)
Includes $300,750 paid pursuant to amended employment agreement and $124,500 1099 income for certain additional work performed in connection with our grants.
(7)
Includes bonus for 2005 in the amount of $60,000 and $126,146 for 2006.

27

 
OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL YEAR-END

The following table provides information concerning unexersised options; stock that has not vested; equity incentive; and awards for each Named Executive Officer outstanding as of the end of the last completed fiscal year.

Name
(a)
 
Number of
securities
underlying
unexercised
options
(#)
exercisable
(b)
 
Number of
securities
underlying
unexercised
options
(#)
unexercisable
(c)
 
Equity
incentive
plan
awards:
Number of
securities
underlying
unexercised
unearned
options
(#)
(d)
 
Option
exercise
price
($)
(e)
 
Option
expiration
date
(f)
 
Number
of shares
or units
of stock
that have
not
vested
(#)
(g)
 
Market
value of
shares of
units of
stock that
have not
vested
($)
(h)
 
Equity
incentive
plan
award:
Number
of un-
earned
shares,
units or
other
rights that
have not
vested
(#)
(i)
 
Equity
incentive
plan
awards:
Market or
payout
value of
unearned
shares,
units or
other
rights that
have not
vested
($)
(j)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
I. Richard Garr
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chief Executive & Financial Officer
 (Principal Executive & Financial Officer)
 
 
300,000
 
 
 
 
 
900,000
(1)
$
.50
 
 
7/28/15
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Karl Johe
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
300,000
 
 
 
 
 
900,000
(1)
$
.50
 
 
7/28/15
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)   The Options were granted pursuant to our 2005 Stock Plan. The options vest annual at a rate of 300,000 per year. The applicable vesting dates are July 28, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009.
 
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS
AND CHANGE-IN-CONTROL ARRANGEMENTS
 
Employment Agreement with I. Richard Garr  On November 1, 2005, we entered into an amendment to the employment agreement with Richard Garr, our Chief Executive Officer and President. The agreement provides for annual compensation in the amount of $240,000 and extends his term of employment until October 31, 2012. Additionally, the agreement provides for a $500 monthly automobile allowance and the reimbursement of reasonable business expenses. The agreement also provides for an industry standard bonus upon the formation of a compensation committee by the company.

In January of 2006, we amended the terms of the agreement to include the duties of General Counsel for which Mr. Garr is paid an additional $36,000. In April of 2006, we again amended Mr. Garr's agreement to provide an additional raise to his base salary. After taking into account both amendments, Mr. Garr's annual salary is $357,000. All other terms of the agreement remained the same.

28

The agreement also provides for severance (“Termination Provisions”) an amount equal to the greater of: (i) the aggregate compensation remaining on his contract; or (ii) $1,000,000, in the event Mr. Garr is terminated for any reason. In the event of termination, the agreement also provides for the immediate vesting of 100% of stock options granted to Mr. Garr during his term of employment. These termination provisions apply whether employee is terminated for “cause” or “without cause.” Additionally, in the event employee voluntarily terminates his employment following a change in control and material reassignment of duties, he will also be entitled to the termination provisions under the contract. In the event of early termination, the Termination Provisions will require us to make a substantial payment to the employee. By way of example, such payments would be approximately as follows:
 
Termination Date
 
 
Amount of
Payment (1)
 
October 31, 2007
 
$
1,785,000
 
       
October 31, 2008
 
$
1,428,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
October 31, 2009
 
$
1,071,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
October 31, 2010 until end of Contract
 
$
1,000,000
 

 
______________________________________

(1)
Assumes payment of annual salary of $357,000 and a monthly automobile allowance of $500.00. Does not include health benefits, bonuses or increase in annual salary.
 
 
Mr. Garr's agreement contains non-solicitation, and confidentiality and non-competition covenants. The agreement may be terminated by either party with or without cause and without prior notice subject to the termination provisions as discussed.

Employment Agreement with Karl Johe, Ph.D .    On November 1, 2005, we entered into an amendment to the employment agreement with Karl Johe, Ph.D., our Chief Scientific Office and Chairman of the Board. The agreement provides for a minimum annual compensation in the amount of $240,000 and in no event less than the salary of the Chief Executive Officer. The agreement also extends his term of employment until October 31, 2012. Additionally, the agreement provides for a $500 monthly automobile allowance and the reimbursement of reasonable business expenses. The agreement also provides for an industry standard bonus upon the formation of a compensation committee by the company.
 
In April of 2006, we amended Dr. Johe's employment agreement to provide for a base salary of $321,000. All other terms of the agreement remained the same.

The agreement also provides for severance (“Termination Provisions”) an amount equal to the greater of: (i) the aggregate compensation remaining on his contract; or (ii) $1,000,000, in the event Mr. Johe is terminated for any reason. In the event of termination, the agreement also provides for the immediate vesting of 100% of stock options granted to Mr. Johe during his term of employment. These termination provisions apply whether employee is terminated for “cause” or “without cause.” Additionally, in the event employee voluntarily terminates his employment following a change in control and material reassignment of duties, he will also be entitled to the termination provisions under the contract. In the event of early termination, the Termination Provisions will require us to make a substantial payment to the employee. By way of example, such payments would be approximately as follows:

Termination Date
 
 
Amount of
Payment (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
October 31, 2007
 
$
1,605,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
October 31, 2008
 
$
1,284,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
October 31, 2009 until end of Contract
 
$
1,000,000
 

_________________________
 
(1)
Assumes payment of annual salary of $321,000 and a monthly automobile allowance of $500.00. Does not include health benefits, bonuses or increase in annual salary.
 
Dr. Johe's agreement contains non-solicitation, and confidentiality and non-competition covenants. The agreement may be terminated by either party with or without cause and without prior notice subject to the termination provisions as discussed.

29

Employment Agreement with John Conron. On April 12, 2007, we entered into a one year part-time employment agreement with Mr. Conron. The agreement provides for a monthly compensation in the amount of $10,000. As part of the agreement, we granted Mr. Conron options to purchase 100,000 common shares. The options vest as follows: (i) 25,000 immediately; and (ii) 75,000 vest quarterly over the year. The agreement also provides for acceleration of the options in the event Mr. Conron is terminated without cause or in the event of a change in control. The agreement also contains non-solicitation, confidentiality and non-competition covenants.

PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS
 
The following tables set forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the applicable rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and includes voting or investment power with respect to shares of our common stock. The information set forth below is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose, and the inclusion of any shares deemed beneficially owned in this table does not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership of those shares. Unless otherwise indicated, to our knowledge, all persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to their shares of common stock, except, where applicable, to the extent authority is shared by spouses under applicable state community property laws.
 
The following table sets forth information regarding beneficial ownership of our capital stock as of April 25, 2007 by:
 
·
each person, or group of affiliated persons, known to us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock;
 
·
each of our directors and named executive officers; and
 
·
all of our directors and executive officers as a group.
 
 
Common Stock
 
Name
 
Amount(1)
 
 
Regal One Corporation (2)(4)
 
 
2,293,814
 
 
7.93
%
Stanley Westreich (3)(5)
 
 
2,231,404
 
 
 7.71
%
Karl Johe (3)(6)
 
 
2,188,584
 
 
 7.56
%
Merrill Solomon (3)(7)
 
 
2,177,097
 
 
 7.52
%
Richard Garr (3)(8)
 
 
1,997,584
 
 
 6.90
%
William Oldaker(3)(9)
   
49,000
     *
%
John Conron(3)(10)
   
35,000
     *
%
Scott Ogilvie(3)(11)
   
10,000
     *
%
Directors & Executive Officers as a Group
 
 
6,147,572
 
 
21.28
%
 
*Less than 1%
 
(1)  
Pursuant to Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 of the Exchange Act, beneficial ownership includes any shares as to which a shareholder has sole or shared voting power or investment power, and also any shares which the shareholder has the right to acquire within 60 days, including upon exercise of common shares purchase options or warrant. There are 28,884,605 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2007.

(3)  
The address for Regal One Corporation is 11300 West Olympic Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90064.
  
(3)  
The address for the shareholder is 9700 Great Seneca Highway, #240, Rockville, MD 20850.

(4)  
Includes 1,000,000 common shares issuable upon the exercise of a vested warrant granted for services.

(5)  
Includes 200,000 common shares issuable upon the exercise of a vested warrant granted to Mr. Westeich in connection with the settlement of a note.
 
(6)  
Includes 300,000 common shares issuable upon the exercise of vested options granted pursuant to Mr. Johe’s employment agreements.
 
(7)  
Includes 120,000 common shares issuable upon the exercise of a vested warrant granted to Mr. Solomon's in connection with the settlement of past due consulting fees.
 
(8)  
Includes: (i) 1,448,084 common shares held directly by Mr. Garr; (ii) 300,000 common shares issuable upon the exercise of vested options granted pursuant to Mr. Garr’s employment agreements; (iii) 200,000 common shares held by Mr. Garr’s spouse as her sole and separate property; and (iv) 49,500 common shares held in the trust for Mr. Garr’s child. Mr. Garr disclaims all interest, including pecuniary interest, in the common shares held by his spouse and in trust for his child.
 
30


 
(9)  
Includes: (i) 21,000 common shares held directly by Mr. Oldaker; (ii) 10,000 common shares issuable upon the exercise of options that will vest within 60 days of this prospectus granted upon joining our Board of Directors.; and (iii) 18,000 common shares issuable upon the exercise of vested options. 

(10)  
Includes 25,000 common shares issuable upon the exercise of options that are vest.

(11)  
Includes 10,000 common shares issuable upon the exercise of options that will vest within 60 days of this prospectus granted upon joining our Board of Directors.

TRANSACTIONS AND BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS WITH
MANAGEMENT AND PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

Summarized below are certain transactions and business relationships between Neuralstem and persons who are or were an executive officer, director or holder of more than five percent of any class of our securities since January 1, 2004:
 
·
In late 2004 we issued a note to Stanley Westreich in exchange for $60,000.
 
·
On March 22, 2005, we converted a note payable to Stanley Westreich in the amount of $60,000, and all accrued interest thereon, into 120,000 shares of our common stock.
 
·
On July 7, 2005, we entered into a limited exclusive, licensing agreement relating to the sales, distribution and marketing of our technology by High Med Technologies, Inc. HighMed is owned by Karl Johe, one of our principal shareholders and our Chief Scientific Officer. To date, no fees have been paid under the contract. For further information relating to this agreement, see that section of this prospectus captioned “Our Business --Our Intellectual Property Licensed to Others”.
 
·
On November 1, 2005, we entered into an amendment to the employment agreement with Richard Garr, our Chief Executive Officer, and President. For further information relating to this agreement, see that section of this prospectus captioned “ Executive Compensation--Employment Agreements and Change in Control Arrangements”.
 
·
On November 1, 2005, we entered into an amendment to the employment agreement with Karl Y. Johe, Ph.D., our Chief Scientific Office and Chairman of the Board. The agreement provides for a minimum annual compensation in the amount of $240,000 and in no event less than the salary of the Chief Executive Officer. For further information relating to this agreement, see that section of this prospectus captioned “ Executive Compensation--Employment Agreements and Change in Control Arrangements
 
·
On November 7, 2005 we entered into a settlement agreement with Mr. Merrill Solomon regarding unpaid consulting fees. As part of the settlement, we granted Mr. Solomon: (i) 120,000 shares of our common stock; and (ii) a warrant to purchase 120,000 common shares at $.50.
 
·
On November 7, 2005 we converted a note in the amount of $100,000 payable to Mr. Stanley Westreich. As part of the conversion, we issued Mr. Westreich: (i) 200,000 shares of our common stock; and (ii) a warrant to purchase 200,000 common shares at $.50.

·
In January of 2006, we amended the terms of the agreement to include the duties of General Counsel for which Mr. Garr is paid an additional $36,000.
 
In April of 2006, we again amended Mr. Garr's agreement to provide an additional raise to his base salary. After taking into account both amendments, Mr. Garr's annual salary is $357,000. All other terms of the agreement remained the same. 

·
In April of 2006, we amended Mr. Johe's employment agreement to provide for a base salary of $321,000. All other terms of the agreement remained the same.

·
In April 12 2007, we entered into a one year employment contract with John Conron our Chief Financial Officer. The agreement provides for monthly compensation of $10,000. As part of the agreement, we granted Mr. Conron options to purchase 100,000 common shares. The options vest as follows: (i) 25,000 vest immediately; and (iii) 75,000 vest quarterly over the year. The options have an exercise price of $3.15 and expire on April 1, 2015.

·
In April 12, 2007, we granted each of Messrs Ogilvie and Oldaker 20,000 as compensation for joining our board of directors. The options vest as follows: (i) 10,000 upon the one month anniversary of joining the board of directors; and 10,000 vest quarterly over the year. The options have an exercise price of $3.30 and expire in 7 years.

31

 
MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
AND
RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS

Market Information

Our common stock is traded in the NASDAQ's Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board under the symbol "NRLS"

The following table sets forth the range of high and low prices for our common stock as reported by OTC website, OTCBB.com for the period that our stock has been trading. These prices represent reported transactions that do not include retail markups, markdowns or commissions, and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.
 
 
Price
 
Period
 
High
 
Low
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2007:
 
$
3.36
 
$
2.25
 
First Quarter
             
2006:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fourth Quarter (1)
 
$
3.01
 
$
1.25
 
 
(1)
Our common stock was first quoted on December 20, 2006.

As of April 27, the reported closing prices of our common stock was $3.95.

Holders

As of March 26, 2007 our common stock was held by approximately 848 record holders. Notwithstanding, we believe our actual number of shareholders may be significantly higher as 2,692,448 shares are currently being held in street name.
 
Dividend Policy

Holders of the Company's Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends should they be declared by the Board of Directors, out of funds legally available for distribution. Any such dividends may be paid in cash, property or shares of the Company's common stock. The Company has not paid any dividends since its inception, and it is not likely that dividends on its Common Stock will be declared at any time in the foreseeable future. Any dividends will be subject to the discretion of the Company's Board of Directors, and will depend upon, among other things, the operating and financial condition of the Company, its capital requirements and general business conditions. Therefore, there can be no assurance that any dividends on the Company's Common Stock will be paid in the future.

EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
 
The following table sets forth information with respect to our 2005 Stock Plan as of April 25, 2007.

 
 
(a)
 
(b)
 
(c)
 
 
 
Number of Securities
to be Issued
upon Exercise of
Outstanding
Options, Warrants
and Rights
 
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding
Options,
Warrants and
Rights
 
Number of Securities
Remaining Available or
Future Issuance under
Equity Compensation Plans
(Excluding Securities
Reflected in Column (a))
 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
 
 
2,540,000
 
$
.65
 
 
1,460,000
 
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
 
 
N/A
 
 
N/A
 
 
N/A
 
Total
 
 
2,540,000
 
$
.65
 
 
1,460,000
 
 

32

2005 Stock Plan
 
Our board of directors adopted the 2005 Stock Plan on July 27, 2005, and it was subsequently approved by our stockholders. The 2005 Stock Plan provides for the grant of stock options or stock to our employees, directors, and consultants of up to 4,000,000 common shares. As of August 28, 2006 options to purchase a total of 2,400,000 shares of common stock were outstanding under the 2005 Stock Plan at a weighted average exercise price of $.50 per share. At August 28, 2006, 1,600,000 shares of our common stock remained available for future issuance under our 2005 Stock Plan.
 
Administration of the 2005 Stock Plan .    Our board of directors administers our 2005 Stock Plan. The administrator has the power to determine the terms of the awards, including the exercise price (which may be changed by the administrator after the date of grant), the number of shares subject to each award, the exercisability of the awards and the form of consideration payable upon exercise.

Options .    A stock option is the right to purchase shares of our common stock at a fixed exercise price for a fixed period of time. The administrator will determine the exercise price of options granted under our 2005 Stock Plan. Notwithstanding, pursuant to the plan, the exercise price of any option granted shall in no event be less than the lesser of: (i) the book value per share of common stock as of the end of the fiscal year immediately preceding the date of such grant; or (ii) fifty percent (50%) of the fair market value per share of the common stock on the date of grant.

Transferability of Awards .    Unless the administrator determines otherwise, our 2005 Stock Plan does not allow for the transfer of awards other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and only the participant may exercise an award during his or her lifetime.
 
Amendment and Termination of Our 2005 Stock Plan .    Our 2005 Stock Plan will automatically terminate in 2010, unless we terminate it sooner. In addition, our board of directors has the authority to amend, suspend or terminate our 2005 Stock Plan without shareholder consent.


DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES

General

Our authorized capital consists of (1) 75,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.001 per share, and (2) 7,000,000 shares of “blank check” preferred stock, par value $.001 per share.

Common Stock

The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of our stockholders, except to the extent that the voting rights of our shares of any class or series of stock are determined and specified as greater or lesser than one vote per share in the manner provided by our certificate of incorporation. Our stockholders have no pre-emptive rights to acquire additional shares of our common stock or other securities. Our common stock is not subject to redemption rights and carries no subscription or conversion rights. In the event of liquidation of our company, the shares of our common stock are entitled to share equally in corporate assets after satisfaction of all liabilities. All shares of our common stock now outstanding are fully paid and non-assessable. Our bylaws authorize the board of directors to declare dividends on our outstanding shares. As of March 31, 2007 there are 28,884,605 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding.
 
Preferred Stock

We may issue our preferred shares from time to time in one or more series as determined by our board of directors. The voting powers and preferences, the relative rights of each series, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof may be established by our board of directors without any further vote or action by our shareholders. As of August 28, 2006 there were no shares of our preferred stock issued and outstanding.
 
Options and Warrants Convertible into Common Shares

As of March 31, 2007, there were outstanding common share purchase options or warrants entitling the holders to purchase up to 8,749,832 common shares.

Registration Statements

S-8: We intend to file one or more registration statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act following this offering to register all shares of our common stock which have been issued or are issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options or other rights granted under our equity plans. These registration statements are expected to become effective upon filing. Shares covered by these registration statements will thereupon be eligible for sale in the public market, upon the expiration or release from the terms of the lock-up agreements, to the extent applicable, or subject in certain cases to vesting of such shares.

33

Certain shareholders are entitled to registration as follows:

2006 Private Placement: From January 8 through March 8 2006, we raised $5,000,000 in gross proceeds from the private placement of units consisting of one share of common stock, ½ class “A” warrant, and ½ class “B” warrant, to 64 investors. As part of the private placement, we entered into a registration rights agreements with the investors under which we agreed to file the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part in order to register (1) the common shares issued in the private placement; and (2) the common shares issuable upon the exercise of the class “ A ” and “B” warrants. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, we filed a registration statement covering those shares and it was declared effective on August 30, 2006. If the registration statement does not stay effective for any 45 consecutive day period: (i) the shares underlying the “A” and “B” warrants will be increased by one percent (1%) for each 30 day period subject to proration for any partial period; and (ii) we will be obligated to issue additional shares equal to one percent (1%) of the common shares sold in the offering for each 30 day period and subject to proration for any partial period.
 
2007 Private Placement: On March 15 and 27, 2007, we complete the private placement of a total of 2,454,000 units which resulted in gross proceeds to us of $6,135,000. Each unit consisted of one share of common stock and ½ common stock purchase warrant. As part of the offering, we granted our investors certain registration rights. Pursuant to such registration rights, we are required to: file this registration statement by May 1, 2007; have the registration statement declared effective by June 13, 2007 or July 13, 2007 in the event of a “full review” by the SEC; and use our best efforts to maintain the prospectus continually effective. In the event we fail to meet the filing and effectiveness dates, or the prospectus ceases to remain effective for 10 consecutive calendar days or 15 calendar days during any 12 month period, we are required to pay the investors as partial liquidated damages an amount equal to 1.5% of the aggregate purchase price paid by such investor for any securities held which are subject to registration.

Lock-up Agreements

As a condition to our March 2006 private placement, certain stockholders, warrant holders and option holders, representing 10,392,879 shares of our common stock on an as converted as exercised basis, have agreed with us not to sell or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock (or any security convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for common stock) until August 30, 2007 without the express consent of T.R. Winston & Company.
 
SELLING SHAREHOLDERS
 
This prospectus relates to the offering and sale, from time to time, of up to 3,975,480 shares of our common stock held by the stockholders named in the table below, which amount includes common shares issuable upon the exercise of warrants held by the selling stockholders. The selling stockholders may exercise their warrants at any time in their sole discretion. All of the selling stockholders named below acquired their shares of our common stock and warrants directly from us in private transactions.

Set forth below is information, to the extent known to us, setting forth the name of each Selling Shareholder and the amount and percentage of Common Stock owned by each (including shares that can be acquired on the exercise of outstanding warrants) prior to the offering, the shares to be sold in the offering, and the amount and percentage of Common Stock to be owned by each (including shares that can be acquired on the exercise of outstanding warrants) after the offering assuming all shares are sold. The footnotes provide information about persons who have investment voting power for the Selling Shareholders and about material transactions between the Selling Shareholders and the Company.

The selling stockholders may sell all or some of the shares of common stock they are offering, and may sell shares of our common stock otherwise than pursuant to this prospectus. The table below assumes that each selling stockholder exercises all of its warrants and sells all of the shares issued upon exercise thereof, and that each selling stockholder sells all of the shares offered by it in offerings pursuant to this prospectus, and does not acquire any additional shares. We are unable to determine the exact number of shares that will actually be sold or when or if these sales will occur.

The selling stockholders may sell all, some or none of their shares in this offering. See “Plan of Distribution.”

The total number of common shares sold under this prospectus may be adjusted to reflect adjustments due to stock dividends, stock distributions, splits, combinations, recapitalizations or the triggering anti-dilution protective provisions with regard to the common stock and warrants.

Unless otherwise stated below, to our knowledge no selling shareholder nor any affiliate of such shareholder has held any position or office with, been employed by or otherwise has had any material relationship with us or our affiliates during the three years prior to the date of this prospectus.

34

 
 
 
Common Shares
Owned Before Sale (1)
 
 
Common Shares
Owned After Sale (2)
 
Selling Shareholder
 
 Common Shares
 
  Warrants Shares
 
  Amount
 
% of Class
 
  Shares being registered
 
Amount
 
% of Class
 
JMG Capital Partners, L.P.
(2)(5)
 
150,000
   
75,000
   
225,000
   
*
 
225,000
 
-
 
 
-
 
JMG Triton Offshore Fund, Ltd.
(2)(5)
 
150,000
   
75,000
   
225,000
   
*
 
225,000
 
-
 
 
-
 
MM & B Holdings, a California general partnership
(2)(6)
 
400,000
   
200,000
   
600,000
   
2.1
 
600,000
 
-
 
 
-
 
Apex Investment Fund, Ltd.
(2)(7)
 
200,000
   
100,000
   
300,000
   
1.0
 
300,000
 
-
 
 
-
 
IRA FBO J. Steven Emerson Rollover Account II Pershing LLC as Custodian
(2)(8)
 
180,000
   
90,000
   
270,000
   
*
 
270,000
 
-
 
 
-
 
W. Robert Ramsdell & Majorie F. Ramsdell TTEE Ramsdell Family Trust DTD 7/7/94
(2)(9)
 
40,000
   
20,000
   
60,000
   
*
 
60,000
 
-
 
 
-
 
TRW Capital Growth Fund, LP
(2)(10)
 
60,000
   
30,000
   
90,000
   
*
 
90,000
 
-
 
 
-
 
The Jay Goldman Master Limited Partnership
(2)(11)
 
80,000
   
40,000
   
120,000
   
*
 
120,000
 
-
 
 
-
 
Woodmont Investments
(2)(11)
 
80,000
   
40,000
   
120,000
   
*
 
120,000
 
-
 
 
-
 
Newberg Family Trust UTD 12/18/90
(2)(12)
 
160,000
   
80,000
   
240,000
   
*
 
240,000
 
-
 
 
-
 
Bristol Investment Fund, Ltd.
(2)(13)
 
400,000
   
200,000
   
600,000
   
2.1
 
600,000
       
-
 
The Muhl Family Trust, Phillip E. Muhl & Kristin A. Muhl TTEES DTD 10-11-95
(2)(14)
 
40,000
   
20,000
   
60,000
   
*
 
60,000
 
-
   
-
 
Charles B. Runnels Family Trust DTD 10-14-93, Charles B Runnels & Amy Jo Runnels TTEES
(2)(15)
 
10,000
   
5,000
   
15,000
   
*
 
15,000
 
-
   
-
 
John W. Galuchie Jr. & Marianne C. Galuchie TTEES Galuchie Living Trust DTD 9-11-00
(2)(16)
 
4,000
   
2,000
   
6,000
   
*
 
6,000
 
-
   
-
 
Steven B. Dunn
(2)
 
100,000
   
50,000
   
150,000
   
*
 
150,000
 
-
   
-
 
Andrew Lessman
(3)
 
400,000
   
200,000
   
600,000
   
2.1
 
600,000
 
-
   
-
 
T.R. Winston & Company, LLC
(4)(17)(18)
       
294,480
   
294,480
   
1
 
294,480
 
-
   
-
 
Total
   
2,454,000
   
1,521,480
   
3,975,480
   
13.81
 
3,975,480
 
-
 
 
-
 

* Less Than 1%
 
(1)
Pursuant to Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 of the Exchange Act, beneficial ownership includes any common shares as to which a shareholder has sole or shared voting power or investment power, and also any common shares which the shareholder has the right to acquire within 60 days, including upon exercise of common shares purchase options or warrants. There were 28,884,605 common shares outstanding as of April 30, 2007.
 
(2)
On March 15, 2007, pursuant to a securities purchase agreement dated March 15, 2007, we completed a private placement of 2,054,000 units. The units were priced at $2.50 each and resulted in gross proceeds to the Company of $5,135,000.00. The units consisted of: 1 common stock; and ½ common stock purchase warrant. The investors also received certain registration rights with regard to the underlying securities. The exercise price of the warrants is $3.00.
 
(3)
On March 27, 2007, we sold an additional 400,000 units which resulted in gross proceeds to the Company of $1,000,000 pursuant to our March 15, 2007 private placement in.

(4)
In connection with our March 15 and 27, 2007 private placements, we issued T.R. Winston & Company, LLC, our placement agent in the transactions, an aggregate of 294,480 warrants to purchase common stock.

(5)
Jon Glaser has dispositive power with respect to the securities to be offered for resale.

(6)
Bryan Ezralow has dispositive power with respect to the securities to be offered for resale.

(7)
Susan Fairhurst has dispositive power with respect to the securities to be offered for resale.
 
35

 
(8)
J. Steven Emerson has dispositive power with respect to the securities to be offered for resale.

(9)
W. Robert Ramsdell has dispositive power with respect to the securities to be offered for resale.

(10)
G. Tyler Runnels has dispositive power with respect to the securities to be offered for resale.

(11)
Jay Goldman has dispositive power with respect to the securities to be offered for resale.

(12)
Bruce Newberg has dispositive power with respect to the securities to be offered for resale.

(13)
Bristol Capital Advisors, LLC (“BCA”) is the investment advisor to Bristol Investment Fund, Ltd. (“Bristol”). Paul Kessler is the manager of BCA and as such has voting and investment control over the securities held by Bristol. Mr. Kessler disclaims beneficial ownership of these securities.

(14)
Phillip Muhl has dispositive power with respect to the securities to be offered for resale.

(15)
Charles B. Runnels has dispositive power with respect to the securities to be offered for resale.

(16)
John W. Galuchie, Jr. has dispositive power with respect to the securities to be offered for resale.

(17)
G. Tyler Runnels has dispositive power with respect to the securities to be offered for resale.
 
(18)
T.R. Winston & Company, LLC has acted as the Company’s placement agent with respect to its March 2006 and March 2007 offerings.

 
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
 
Each selling shareholder (the “Selling Shareholder”) of the common stock and any of their pledgees, assignees and successors-in-interest may, from time to time, sell any or all of their shares of common stock on the over-the-counter bulletin board or any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the shares are traded or in private transactions. These sales may be at fixed or negotiated prices. A Selling Shareholders may use any one or more of the following methods when selling shares:
 
·  
ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;
 
·  
block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;
 
·  
purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;
 
·  
an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;
 
·  
privately negotiated transactions;
 
·  
settlement of short sales entered into after the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part;
 
·  
broker-dealers may agree with the Selling Shareholder to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share;
 
·  
through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;
 
·  
a combination of any such methods of sale; or
 
·  
any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.
 
The Selling Shareholder may also sell shares under Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), if available, rather than under this prospectus.
 
Broker-dealers engaged by the Selling Shareholder may arrange for other brokers-dealers to participate in sales. Broker-dealers may receive commissions or discounts from the Selling Shareholder (or, if any broker-dealer acts as agent for the purchaser of shares, from the purchaser) in amounts to be negotiated, but, except as set forth in a supplement to this Prospectus, in the case of an agency transaction not in excess of a customary brokerage commission in compliance with NASDR Rule 2440; and in the case of a principal transaction a markup or markdown in compliance with NASDR IM-2440.
 
36

In connection with the sale of the common stock or interests therein, the Selling Shareholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the common stock in the course of hedging the positions they assume. The Selling Shareholders may also sell shares of the common stock short and deliver these securities to close out their short positions, or loan or pledge the common stock to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these securities. The Selling Sharehlolders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of shares offered by this prospectus, which shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).
 
The Selling Sharholders and any broker-dealers or agents that are involved in selling the shares may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions received by such broker-dealers or agents and any profit on the resale of the shares purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. Each Selling Shareholder has informed the Company that it does not have any written or oral agreement or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the Common Stock. In no event shall any broker-dealer receive fees, commissions and markups which, in the aggregate, would exceed eight percent (8%).
 
The Company is required to pay certain fees and expenses incurred by the Company incident to the registration of the shares. The Company has agreed to indemnify the Selling Shareholder against certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
 
Because Selling Shareholders may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act, they will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act including Rule 172 thereunder. In addition, any securities covered by this prospectus which qualify for sale pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act may be sold under Rule 144 rather than under this prospectus. There is no underwriter or coordinating broker acting in connection with the proposed sale of the resale shares by the Selling Shareholders.
 
We agreed to keep this prospectus effective until the earlier of (i) the date on which the shares may be resold by the Selling Shareholders without registration and without regard to any volume limitations by reason of Rule 144(k) under the Securities Act or any other rule of similar effect or (ii) all of the shares have been sold pursuant to this prospectus or Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any other rule of similar effect. The resale shares will be sold only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers if required under applicable state securities laws. In addition, in certain states, the resale shares may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement is available and is complied with.
 
Under applicable rules and regulations under the Exchange Act, any person engaged in the distribution of the resale shares may not simultaneously engage in market making activities with respect to the common stock for the applicable restricted period, as defined in Regulation M, prior to the commencement of the distribution. In addition, the Selling Shareholders will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, including Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of shares of the common stock by the Selling Stockholders or any other person. We will make copies of this prospectus available to the Selling Stockholders and have informed them of the need to deliver a copy of this prospectus to each purchaser at or prior to the time of the sale (including by compliance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).
 
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS
WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
 
Termination of Prior Accountant
 
On January 29, 2007 we formally terminated the engagement of George Brenner (“Brenner”) as our independent registered public accounting firm. The decision to dismiss Brenner was recommended and approved by our board of directors.  The reason for the change was related to Brenner’s health.
 
Brenner audited our financial statements for two fiscal years ended December 31, 2005 and reviewed our interim financial statements through the interim period ending September 30, 2006.  Brenner’s reports on the financial statements for those fiscal years and interim period did not contain an adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion and was not otherwise qualified or modified as to any other uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles.  During those two fiscal years and also during the subsequent period through the date of Brenner’s replacement there were no disagreements between us and Brenner on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure.
 
37

 
Appointment of New Accountant
 
On January 29 2007, we formally appointed David Banerjee (“Banerjee”) as our new independent registered public accounting firm for purposes of auditing our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.  The decision to engage Banerjee was approved by our board of directors.
 
During our two most recent fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, and also during the subsequent interim period through the date of Brenner’s resignation, we did not consult with Banerjee regarding the application of accounting principles to a specified completed or contemplated transaction, or the type of opinion that might be rendered regarding our financial statements, nor did we consult Banerjee with respect to any accounting disagreement or any reportable event at any time prior to the appointment of that firm.

 
TRANSFER AGENT

The transfer agent for our common shares is American Stock Transfer, 59 Maiden Lane, Plaza Level, New York, NY 10038. We act as our own transfer agent with regard to our outstanding common share purchase options and warrants.
 
LEGAL MATTERS
 
The validity of the shares of common stock being offered hereby will be passed upon for us by The Law Offices of Raul Silvestre & Associates, Los Angeles, California.
 
EXPERTS
 
Our financial statements for the period of January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2005 and the related condensed consolidated statements of operations, shareholders' deficit and cash flows for such period appearing in this Prospectus and registration statement have been audited by George Brenner, independent registered public accountant, as set forth on this report thereon appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus, and are included in reliance upon such report given upon the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing. George Brenner has no interest in the shares being registered in this filing.

Our financial statements for the period of January 1, 2006 through December 31, 2006 and the related condensed consolidated statements of operations, shareholders' deficit and cash flows for such period appearing in this Prospectus and registration statement have been audited by David Banerjee, independent registered public accountant, as set forth on this report thereon appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus, and are included in reliance upon such report given upon the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing. David Banerjee has no interest in the shares being registered in this filing.

INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
 
The Corporation Laws of the State of Delaware and the Company's Bylaws provide for indemnification of the Company's Directors for expenses actually and necessarily incurred by them in connection with the defense of any action, suit or proceeding in which they, or any of them, are made parties, or a party, by reason of having been Director(s) or Officer(s) of the corporation, or of such other corporation, except, in relation to matter as to which any such Director or Officer or former Director or Officer or person shall be adjudged in such action, suit or proceeding to be liable for negligence or misconduct in the performance of duty.  Furthermore, the personal liability of the Directors is limited as provided in the Company's Articles of Incorporation.
 
 Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling the Company pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the Company has been informed that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is therefore unenforceable.
 
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
 
We have filed with the SEC this registration statement on Form SB-2 under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of common stock offered hereby. This prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement or the exhibits and schedules filed therewith. For further information about us and the common stock offered hereby, reference is made to the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed therewith. Statements contained in this prospectus regarding the contents of any contract or any other document that is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement are not necessarily complete, and each such statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the full text of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement. A copy of the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed therewith may be inspected without charge at the public reference room maintained by the SEC, located at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Room 1200, Washington, D.C. 20549, and copies of all or any part of the registration statement may be obtained from such offices upon the payment of the fees prescribed by the SEC. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the public reference room. The SEC also maintains an Internet web site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the site is www.sec.gov.
 
38


FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
 
 
NEURALSTEM, INC.

FINANCIAL REPORTS

DECEMBER 31, 2006
DECEMBER 31, 2005



NEURALSTEM, INC.
 
CONTENTS
 

REPORTS OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMS
 
1
     
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
   
     
Balance Sheets
 
3
     
Statements of Operations
 
4
     
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
 
5
     
Statements of Cash Flows
 
7
     
Notes to Financial Statements
 
8-19

 

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
To the Board of Directors
Neuralstem, Inc.
 
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Neuralstem, Inc. as of December 31, 2006 and the related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We did not audit the financial statements of Neuralstem, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2005. Those statements were audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included in the year ended December 31, 2005, is based solely on the report of the auditors.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that my audit provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Neuralstem, Inc. as of December 31, 2006 and the results of its operations, stockholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
 
/s/ Dave Banerjee, CPA, An Accountancy Corp.
Dave Banerjee CPA, An Accountancy Corp.
Woodland Hills, California
March 30, 2007
 
F-1


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
To the Board of Directors
Neuralstem, Inc.
 
I have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Neuralstem, Inc. as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related statements of operations, stockholders’ deficit, and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. My responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on my audits.

I conducted my audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that I plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. I believe that my audits provide a reasonable basis for my opinion.

In my opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Neuralstem, Inc. as of December 31, 2005 and 2004 and the results of its operations, stockholders’ deficit and cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

As discussed in Note 9 to the financial statements, the Company has restated its financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 for not properly accounting for certain options for common stock granted and shares issued which were not accounted for as deemed interest.

/s/ George Brenner, CPA
George Brenner, CPA
Los Angeles, California
MARCH 29, 2006 (EXCEPT FOR NOTE 9, AUGUST 15, 2006)

F-2

 
NEURALSTEM, INC.

BALANCE SHEETS
 

   
December 31,
 
December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
       
(Restated)
 
ASSETS
             
CURRENT ASSETS
             
Cash (Note 1)
 
$
1,807,041
 
$
526,381
 
Prepaid expenses
   
32,848
   
-
 
Other assets
   
6,043
   
-
 
Total current assets
   
1,845,932
   
526,381
 
               
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET (Note 3)
   
32,515
   
29,138
 
OTHER ASSETS
   
35,940
   
-
 
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET (NOTE 4)
   
18,239
   
14,327
 
               
Total assets
 
$
1,932,626
 
$
569,846
 
               
               
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
             
CURRENT LIABILITIES
             
Notes payable to bank including accrued interest (Note 5)
 
$
-
 
$
116,255
 
Note payable, current portion (Note 5)
   
7,816
   
8,946
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
   
351,962
   
683,803
 
Deferred compensation
   
-
   
192,620
 
Total current liabilities
   
359,778
   
1,001,624
 
               
NOTE PAYABLE, LONG-TERM PORTION (Note 5)
   
20,579
   
28,395
 
Total liabilities
   
380,357
   
1,030,019
 
               
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
         
(Note 2
)
Preferred stock: $0.01 par value; authorized
             
7,000,000 shares; no shares issued and
             
outstanding
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
Common stock: $0.01 par value; authorized
             
75,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding:
             
26,011,605 and 20,608,272 shares, respectively
   
260,116
   
206,083
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
39,734,878
   
34,665,982
 
Common stock payable for 300,000 and 226,000
             
of unissued shares of common stock, respectively
   
150,000
   
113,000
 
Accumulated deficit
   
(38,592,725
)
 
(35,445,238
)
               
Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)
   
1,552,269
   
(460,173
)
               
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit)
 
$
1,932,626
 
$
569,846
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
F-3


NEURALSTEM, INC.

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

   
Year ended December 31,
 
 
 
2006
 
2005
 
       
(Restated)
 
           
Revenues
 
$
265,759
 
$
309,142
 
               
Operating expenses
             
Research and development costs
   
1,660,321
   
568,299
 
General, selling and administrative expenses
   
1,715,125
   
1,256,278
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
51,923
   
51,923
 
     
3,427,369
   
1,876,500
 
Operating loss
   
(3,161,611
)
 
(1,567,358
)
               
Nonoperating income (expense)
             
Interest
   
79,904
   
7,888
 
Forgiveness of debt
   
-
   
10,735
 
Interest expense
   
(9,461
)
 
(102,772
)
Other expense
   
(56,320
)
 
-
 
               
Net loss
 
$
(3,147,487
)
$
(1,651,507
)
 
             
Net loss per share, basic
 
$
(0.13
)
$
(0.16
)
 
             
Average number of shares
             
of common stock outstanding
   
24,898,448
   
10,422,872
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
F-4

 
NEURALSTEM, INC.

STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

                   
Common
 
Additional
         
   
Preferred Stock
 
Common Stock
 
Stock
 
Paid-In
 
Accumulated
     
   
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Payable
 
Capital
 
Deficit
 
Total
 
                                   
Balance, December 31, 2004 (Restated)
   
6,318,201
   
63,182
   
2,016,586
   
20,166
   
-
   
32,762,748
   
(33,793,731
)
 
(947,635
)
                                                   
Conversion of preferred stock
   
(6,318,201
)
 
(63,182
)
 
14,182,399
   
141,824
   
-
   
(78,642
)
 
-
   
-
 
Issuance of common stock for satisfaction
                                                 
of note payable totaling $60,000
   
-
   
-
   
120,000
   
1,200
   
-
   
58,800
   
-
   
60,000
 
Issuance of common stock for services,
                                                 
$0.50 per share
   
-
   
-
   
120,000
   
1,200
   
-
   
58,800
   
-
   
60,000
 
Issuance of common stock for services,
                                                 
$0.50 per share
   
-
   
-
   
78,000
   
780
   
-
   
38,220
   
-
   
39,000
 
Issuance of common stock at $0.50 per share,
                                                 
includes 1,845,287 shares issued for
                                                 
offering related expense
   
-
   
-
   
4,091,287
   
40,913
   
-
   
1,082,087
   
-
   
1,123,000
 
Warrants for 1,599,000 shares of common stock
                                                 
granted for services
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
660,472
   
-
   
660,472
 
Common stock payable for 226,000 shares of
                                                 
unissued common stock at $0.50 per share
                                                 
and warrants for 200,000 shares of common
                                                 
stock with an exercise price of $0.50 per share
                                                 
granted related to note payable
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
113,000
   
83,497
   
-
   
196,497
 
Net loss, December 31, 2005
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(1,651,507
)
 
(1,651,507
)
                                                   
Balance, December 31, 2005 (Restated)
   
-
 
$
-
   
20,608,272
 
$
206,083
 
$
113,000
 
$
34,665,982
 
$
(35,445,238
)
$
(460,173
)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

F-5


NEURALSTEM, INC.

STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(CONTINUED)
 
                   
Common
 
Additional
         
   
Preferred Stock
 
Common Stock
 
Stock
 
Paid-In
 
Accumulated
     
   
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Payable
 
Capital
 
Deficit
 
Total
 
                                   
Issuance of common stock for cash proceeds
                                                 
of $4,550,000 (net of offering expense of
                                                 
$450,000), $1.00 per share
   
-
   
-
   
5,000,000
   
50,000
   
-
   
4,500,000
   
-
   
4,550,000
 
Issuance of common stock related to
                                                 
satisfaction of stock payable
   
-
   
-
   
226,000
   
2,260
   
(113,000
)
 
110,740
   
-
   
-
 
Issuance of common stock related to
                                                 
exercise of warrants, $0.50 per share
   
-
   
-
   
200,000
   
2,000
   
-
   
98,000
   
-
   
100,000
 
Common stock payable related to exercise
                                                 
of warrants for 300,000 shares of common
                                                 
stock, $0.50 per share
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
150,000
   
-
   
-
   
150,000
 
Vesting of officer stock options for 600,000
                                                 
shares of common stock, $0.49 fair value per
                                                 
share
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
293,529
   
-
   
293,529
 
Vesting of warrants for 24,000 shares of
                                                 
common stock, $0.42 fair value per share
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
10,080
   
-
   
10,080
 
Penalty for late filing of registration statement
                                                 
related to private placement offering
   
-
   
-
   
28,333
   
283
   
-
   
56,037
   
-
   
56,320
 
Return of shares related to penalty assessed
                                                 
on placement agent for late filing of registration
                                                 
statements related to private placement
   
-
   
-
   
(51,000
)
 
(510
)
 
-
   
510
   
-
   
-
 
Net loss, December 31, 2006
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(3,147,487
)
 
(3,147,487
)
                                                   
Balance, December 31, 2006
   
-
 
$
-
   
26,001,605
 
$
260,116
 
$
150,000
 
$
39,734,878
 
$
(38,592,725
)
$
1,552,269
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.


8
F-6

 
NEURALSTEM, INC.

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

   
Year ended December 31,
 
 
 
2006
 
2005
 
       
(Restated)
 
           
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
             
Net loss
 
$
(3,147,487
)
$
(1,651,507
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in
             
operating activities:
             
Depreciation and amortization
   
51,923
   
51,923
 
Stock and warrant based compensation
   
359,929
   
842,969
 
Changes in assets and liabilities
             
Prepaid expenses
   
(32,848
)
 
-
 
Other assets
   
(41,983
)
 
-
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
   
(331,841
)
 
38,026
 
Deferred compensation
   
(192,620
)
 
(10,000
)
Net cash used in operating activities
   
(3,334,927
)
 
(728,589
)
               
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
             
Capital outlay for intangible assets
   
(5,565
)
 
-
 
Purchase of property and equipment
   
(53,647
)
 
(18,339
)
               
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(59,212
)
 
(18,339
)
               
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
             
Issuance of common stock
   
4,650,000
   
1,123,000
 
Proceeds from notes payable
   
-
   
-
 
Proceeds from common stock payable
   
150,000
   
113,000
 
Proceeds from convertible notes payable
   
-
   
-
 
Payments on notes payable
   
(125,201
)
 
(1,745
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
4,674,799
   
1,234,255
 
               
Net increase in cash
   
1,280,660
   
487,327
 
               
Cash, beginning of period
   
526,381
   
39,054
 
Cash, end of period
 
$
1,807,041
 
$
526,381
 
               
Supplemental Information:
             
Issuance of 226,000 shares of common stock related
             
to stock payable
 
$
113,000
 
$
-
 
Issuance of 120,000 shares of common stock for debt
 
$
-
 
$
60,000
 
Conversion of 6,254,402 shares of preferred stock to
             
14,182,399 shares of common stock
 
$
62,544
 
$
62,544
 
Conversion of an accrued liability into a note payable
 
$
-
 
$
37,341
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

F-7


NEURALSTEM, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Note 1.  Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies
 
Nature of business:

Neuralstem, Inc. (“Company”) is a biopharmaceuticals company that is utilizing its proprietary human neural stem cell technology to create a comprehensive platform for the treatment of central nervous system diseases. The Company will commercialize this technology as a tool for use in the next generation of small-molecule drug discovery and to create cell therapy biotherapeutics to treat central nervous system diseases for which there are no cures. The Company was founded in 1996 and currently occupies lab and office space in Gaithersburg, Maryland.

Inherent in the Company’s business are various risks and uncertainties, including its limited operating history, the fact that Neuralstem’s technologies are new and may not allow the Company or its customers to develop commercial products, regulatory requirements associated with drug development efforts and the intense competition in the genomics industry. The Company’s success depends, in part, upon successfully raising additional capital, prospective product development efforts, the acceptance of the Company’s solutions by the marketplace, and approval of the Company’s solutions by various governmental agencies.

The Company has incurred cumulative losses of approximately $38,592,725 since inception and reported a net loss of approximately $3,147,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006. In order to further its research and develop its products, the Company will require additional financing until such time that revenue streams are of sufficient volume to generate positive cash flow from operations. Possible sources of funds are strategic alliances, additional equity offerings, grants and contracts, and research and development funding from third parties. Management intends to raise additional capital and remains committed to taking all appropriate and necessary actions to effect timely cost reductions and cash preservation measures in the event anticipated revenue and cash flow expectations are not substantially met. Subsequent to December 31, 2006 as discussed in Note 9, the Company raised $6,135,000 during March 2007 from the sale of common stock with warrants through two private placements. The Company believe it has sufficient cash position to sustain operations beyond twelve months.

A summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies is as follows:

Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Equivalents

For the Statements of Cash Flows, all highly liquid investments with maturity of three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents. There were no cash equivalents as of December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005.

F-8


NEURALSTEM, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Note 1. Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
 
Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is stated at cost and depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives ranging from three to seven years. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred.

Recoverability of Long-Lived Assets and Identifiable Intangible Assets

Long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangible assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. In the event that such cash flows are not expected to be sufficient to recover the carrying amount of the assets, the assets are written down to their estimated fair values. Long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangible assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair values of financial instruments are estimated based on market rates based upon certain market assumptions and information available to management. The respective carrying value of certain on-balance-sheet financial instruments approximated their fair values. These financial instruments include cash, accounts payable and notes payable. Fair values were assumed to approximate carrying values for cash and payables due to the short-term nature or that they are payable on demand.

Revenue Recognition

To date, revenue has been derived primarily from providing treated samples for gene expression data from stem cell experiments and from providing services under a federal grant program approximating $266,000 and $66,000 in 2006 and 2005, respectively. Revenue is recognized when there is persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists, delivery of goods and services has occurred, the price is fixed and determinable, and collection is reasonably assured.

Research and Development

Research and development costs are charged to operations when incurred.
 
F-9


NEURALSTEM, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Note 1. Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Income taxes

Income taxes are provided for using the liability method of accounting in accordance with SFAS No. 109 “Accounting for Income Taxes.” A deferred tax asset or liability is recorded for all temporary differences between financial and tax reporting. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax basis. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effect of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.

Stock - Based Compensation

On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123 (R) “Share-Based Payment” which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors including employee stock options and employee stock purchases related to a Employee Stock Purchase Plan based on the estimated fair values.

The Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method, which required the application of the accounting standard as of January 1, 2006. The accompanying financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2006 reflect the impact of SFAS No. 123(R). In accordance with the modified prospective transition method, the Company’s accompanying financial statements for the prior periods have not been restated, and do not include the impact of SFAS No. 123(R). Stock based compensation expense recognized under SFAS No. 123(R) for the year ended December 31, 2006 totaled $150,000. Pro forma stock based compensation for the year ended December 31, 2005 is as follows:

   
2005
 
Net loss, as reported
 
$
(1,651,507
)
Add: total stock-based compensation as
       
determined under SFAS 123
   
(147,605
)
Pro forma net loss
 
$
(1,799,112
)
Basic loss per share:
       
 
$
(0.16
)
Pro forma
 
$
(0.17
)
 
F-10


NEURALSTEM, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Note 1. Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Comprehensive Loss

Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 130 “Reporting Comprehensive Income,” requires the presentation of comprehensive income or loss and its components as part of the financial statements. For the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company’s net loss reflects comprehensive loss and, accordingly, no additional disclosure is required.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, "Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments". SFAS No. 155 amends SFAS No 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities", and SFAF No. 140, "Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities". SFAS No. 155, permits fair value remeasurement for any hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation, clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of SFAS No. 133, establishes a requirement to evaluate interest in securitized financial assets to identify interests that are freestanding derivatives or that are hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation, clarifies that concentrations of credit risk in the form of subordination are not embedded derivatives, and amends SFAS No. 140 to eliminate the prohibition on the qualifying special-purpose entity from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to a beneficial interest other than another derivative financial instrument.

This statement is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of the Company's first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. This statement is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157 “Fair Value Measurements”. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosure about fair values. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Management believes that the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will not have a material impact on the financial results of the Company.

Note 2. Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)

Preferred and Common Stock

The authorized stock of the Company consists of 7,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.01 and 75,000,000 shares of common stock with par value of $0.01. The preferred stock is divided into A, B, and C Series.

During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company sold 2,246,000 shares of common stock for a total consideration of $1,123,000 or $0.50 per share. In conjunction with the sale of these shares, the Company issued 1,845,287 shares of common stock and warrants for 1,000,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $5.00 per share for services performed related to capital raised. The 1,845,287 shares and related warrants have been treated as an offering expense and have been netted against the total proceeds raised of $1,123,000.

F-11


NEURALSTEM, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Note 2. Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) (continued)
 
Preferred and Common Stock (continued)

During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company sold 5,000,000 shares of common stock for a total consideration of $4,550,000 (net of offering expenses of $450,000) through a Limited Offering Memorandum. Each Unit sold consisted of one share of common stock, ½ “A” Warrant to Purchase A share of Common Stock at $1.50 per share, and ½ ‘B” Warrant to Purchase A Share of Common Stock at $1.00 per share. These warrants have a life of 10 years.

Preferred Series A & B Stock

The Company issued 1,047,588 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and 719,895 shares of Series B Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2005 and 2004. The holders of the Series A and B Preferred Stock are entitled to noncumulative dividends of 8% per annum, on the original issue price of $7.64 per share, when and if declared by the board of directors. The preferred stockholders have a liquidation preference above all other classes of stock equal to $7.64 per share plus all declared and unpaid dividends. The liquidation price per share is subject to adjustment for certain dilutive events, as defined.

At any time, a preferred stockholder has the option to convert their shares into shares of common stock on a basis of one preferred share for 0.3 common share. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment for certain dilutive events, as defined. Shares of Series A & B Preferred Stock automatically converts into common stock upon the closing of an underwritten public offering in which the Company’s per share price is at least $3.00 and the gross proceeds to the Company exceed $7.5 million or upon the election of a majority of the preferred stockholders.

The preferred stockholders are entitled to the number of votes that equals the number of shares of common stock into which such shares could be converted, as defined. The vote or written consent of the majority of the preferred stockholders is required to (i) effect of validate a change in the authorized number of shares of preferred; (ii) a redeem, repurchase, pay dividends or make any other distribution to common stockholders; or (iii) effect any action resulting in the payment or declaration of dividends on any class of stock.

Preferred Series C Shares

During 2003, the Company issued 504,694 Series C Preferred Stock at $1.60 per share. Each share of Series C Preferred Stock is convertible to 3 shares of common stock. Stock issuance costs of $27,506 were offset against the additional paid in capital from the sale of stock.

On October 6, 2003, the Company issued “Option Promissory Notes” (Notes) totaling $605,000. The Notes are convertible to Series C Preferred Stock at the same terms and conditions as the Series C Preferred Stock outstanding on the effective date of the Notes, at any time before the Due Date, in lieu of cash repayment. The current terms are to convert the Notes at $1.60 per share of Series C Preferred Stock.

F-12


NEURALSTEM, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Note 2. Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) (continued)
 
Preferred Series C Shares (continued)

Additionally, the Notes granted the holder the option to acquire their pro rata share, based on the principal balance of the Note as a percentage of the Aggregate Note, if any, of up to $5 million of equity in Neuralstem, Inc. under the same terms and conditions as the Series C Preferred Stock of an exercise price of $1.60 per share on or before October 6, 2008 (the Option). The price per share of the equity to be purchased under the Option shall increase by 10% on every six month anniversary starting after April 6, 2004. The option may be exercised in whole or in part at any time during the period between the date of the Note and the expiration date of the Option at the Holder’s discretion. The options were valued using the Black-Scholes model for option valuation. The assumptions used in arriving at the fair value of these options under the Black-Scholes option pricing model include stock price of $1.60 at the date of grant; expected life of 1 year; volatility of 134%; and discount rate of 4.29%. The $5 million of equity equates to 3,125,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock. A beneficial conversion feature of the Notes of $2,539,004 was recorded to additional paid in capital on October 6, 2003. Beneficial conversion feature results from the allocation of proceeds to the options and the effective conversion rate of the notes being below the fair value of the Series C Preferred Stock. Interest expense of $10,577 was recorded for the period ended December 31, 2003. The entire beneficial conversion feature was expensed as interest expense in November 2004, as the convertible debt was converted to Preferred Series C shares.

In October 2004, the Company issued additional Notes to officers of the Company in lieu of $479,988 in accrued salary and consulting fees. The new Notes had the same terms and conditions and Options as the Notes issued in 2003 which included the option to acquire their pro rata share of the 3,125,000 shares of the Series C Preferred Stock. The Options for the Notes issued in 2004 were also valued using the Black-Scholes model. The assumptions used in arriving at the fair value of these options under the Black-Scholes option pricing model include stock price of $1.60 at the date of grant; expected life of 1 month; volatility of 134%; and discount rate of 4.29%. The pro-rata portion of the $5 million, 1,093,480 shares of the 3,125,000 are allocated to the new Notes. The beneficial conversion feature allocated to these Notes recorded $270,831 to additional paid in capital on October 25, 2004 since the Company did not have the ability to repay such Notes. This conversion feature was converted to interest expense in November 2004, as the convertible debt was converted to Preferred Series C shares.

In November 2004, the Board of Directors approved the conversion of all Notes to Series C Preferred Stock. In consideration of monthly accrued interest on the Notes and as an incentive for the noteholders to convert the Notes into Series C Preferred Stock, the Company agreed to issue the shares offered in the Option totaling 3,125,000, without consideration which the Company recorded deemed interest expense of $5,000,000 equal to what would otherwise should have been received in cash by the Company if it had not forego the exercise price of such Options. It is in the Company’s management belief that its decision to forego the cash consideration related to the exercise price of such Options enticed the noteholders in converting such Notes to Series C Preferred Stock which alleviated the Company of cash payment on the Notes. A total of 4,550,718 shares of Series C Preferred Stock were issued in the conversion of the Notes and the Options.

F-13


NEURALSTEM, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Note 2. Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) (continued)
 
Preferred Series C Shares (continued)

Preferred shares were allocated as follows:

       
Conversion
     
   
Preferred
 
Factor
 
Common
 
Series A
   
1,047,588
   
1-for-0.3
   
314,276
 
Series B
   
719,895
   
1-for-0.3
   
215,969
 
   
4,550,718
   
1-for-3
   
13,652,154
 
     
6,318,201 
       
14,182,399
 

In 2005, the shareholders of preferred series A, B and C, totaling 6,318,201 shares were converted into 14,182,399 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2005, there were no outstanding preferred shares.

Stock Options

In 1997, the Company adopted a stock incentive plan (the Plan) to provide for the granting of stock awards, such as stock options and restricted common stock to employees, directors and other individuals as determined by the Board of Directors. The Company reserved 2.7 million shares of common stock for issuance under the Plan. At December 31, 2002, 816,084 options were outstanding with 216,040 options exercisable. During 2003, the Company reduced operations and terminated employment with all employees. The Plan was discontinued, terminating all options outstanding.

In July 2005, the Company granted options for 2,400,000 shares of common stock to two of its officers with an exercise price of $0.50 vesting annually on the anniversary grant date over a four year period with a ten year life which non were vested as of December 31, 2005. The fair value of these options under the Black-Scholes option pricing model totaled $0.49 per share. The assumptions used in arriving at the fair value of these options under the Black-Scholes option pricing model include stock price of $0.50 at the date of grant; expected life of 5.5 years; volatility of 224%; and discount rate of 4.1%.

Stock Warrants

During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company issued warrants to various consultants for 1,599,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price ranging from $0.05 to $2.00 per share expiration commencing 2007 through 2017. The warrants were issued for consulting services performed which had been valued at approximately $660,000 and expensed for the year ended December 31, 2005. The warrants were valued using the Black Scholes option pricing model based on the following assumptions: stock price of at date of issuance of $0.50; expected life of 1.5 years; volatility rate of 224%; and discount rate of 4.1%.

During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company issued warrants for 200,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $0.50 expiring in 2008 related to a note payable. The warrants were issued related to a note payable which had been valued at approximately $84,000 and was deemed as interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2005. The options were valued using the Black Scholes option pricing model based on the following assumptions: stock price of at date of issuance of $0.50; expected life of 2 years; volatility rate of 224%; and discount rate of 4.1%.

F-14


NEURALSTEM, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Note 2. Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) (continued)
 
Stock Warrants (continued)

During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company issued warrants for 200,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $0.50 expiring in 2008 related to a note payable. The warrants were issued related to a note payable which had been valued at approximately $84,000 and was deemed as interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2005. The options were valued using the Black Scholes option pricing model based on the following assumptions: stock price of at date of issuance of $0.50; expected life of 2 years; volatility rate of 224%; and discount rate of 4.1%.

During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company issued warrants to a consultant for 24,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price $0.50 per share expiration commencing 2017. The warrants were issued for consulting services performed which had been valued at approximately $10,000 and expensed for the year ended December 31, 2006. The warrants were valued using the Black Scholes option pricing model based on the following assumptions: stock price of at date of issuance of $0.50; expected life of 1.5 years; volatility rate of 224%; and discount rate of 4.1%.

Warrants to purchase common stock were issued to certain stockholders and consultants.

The following table summarizes information about stock warrants at December 31, 2006 which all are currently exercisable:

   
Outstanding
 
Expiration
 
Exercise Price
 
Warrants
 
Date
 
$ 0.50
   
500,000
   
2007
 
$ 0.50
   
320,000
   
2008
 
$ 0.50
   
330,000
   
2010
 
$ 0.50
   
69,000
   
2017
 
$ 2.00
   
100,000
   
2016
 
$ 5.00
   
1,000,000
   
2016
 
   
2,514,176
   
2011
 
$ 1.50
   
2,514,176
   
2011
 

Net loss per common share

Net loss per share is calculated in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings Per Share.” The weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during each period is used to compute basic loss per share. Diluted loss per share is computed using the weighted averaged number of shares and dilutive potential common shares outstanding. Dilutive potential common shares are additional common shares assumed to be exercised. Dilutive loss per share is excluded from the calculation because the effect would be anti-dilutive.

F-15


NEURALSTEM, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Note 2. Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) (continued)
 
Common stock payable for 226,000 unissued shares of common stock at December 31, 2005

During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company received $113,000 for 226,000 shares of its common stock. As of December 31, 2005, the Company had not issued any of 226,000 shares of common stock. However, the 226,000 unissued shares of common stock have been included in the net loss per share computation in the accompanying statements of operations. The Company issued these shares in 2006.

Common stock payable for 300,000 unissued shares of common stock at December 31, 2006

During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company received $150,000 related to exercise of warrants for 300,000 shares of common stock at $0.50 per share. As of December 31, 2006, the Company had not issued any of the 300,000 sahres of common stock. However, the 300,000 shares of common stock have been included in the net loss per share computation in the accompanying statements of operations. The Company issued these shares in February 2007.
 
Note 3. Property and Equipment
 
The major classes of property and equipment consist of the following:
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Computers and office equipment
 
$
644,265
 
$
301,892
 
Lab equipment
   
567,091
   
524,336
 
   
$
1,211,356
 
$
826,228
 
   
(1,178,841
)
 
(797,090
)
Property and equipment, net
 
$
32,515
 
$
29,138
 
 
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 was $51,923 and $51,923, respectively.

F-16


NEURALSTEM, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Note 4. Intangible Assets
 
The Company holds patents related to its stem cell research. Patent filing costs were capitalized and are being amortized over the life of the patents. The company has determined that the intangibles purchased have a seventeen year useful life. The provisions of SFAS No. 142 “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” require the completion of an annual impairment test with any impairments recognized in current earnings. The Company determined that no impairment to the assigned values had occurred. The Company’s intangible assets and accumulated amortization consisted of the following at December 31, 2006 and 2005:

   
 2006
 
2005
 
           
Accumulated
 
Accumulated
 
   
Gross
 
Amortization
 
Gross
 
Amortization
 
                   
Patent filing fees
 
$
24,796
 
$
(6,557
)
$
24,796
 
$
(10,469
)

Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 was $1,653 and $1,653, respectively.
 
Note 5. Notes payable
 
As described in Note 2, on October 6, 2003, the Company issued “Option Promissory Notes” (Notes) totaling $605,000, convertible to Series C Preferred Stock. The Notes carry a stated interest rate of 5%, payable quarterly beginning January 1, 2004. Fifty percent of the principal was due on October 3, 2004 and fifty percent due on October 3, 2005. The shares were converted to Series C Preferred Stock in November 2004, without payments of principal or interest on the Notes. As of December 31, 2005, the Note was fully paid.

In April 2005, the Company received a notice from the Department of Economic Development (“DED”) from the County of Montgomery, Alabama whereby provisions of a $40,000 grant received in 2001 were not fully satisfied. As a result, the Company is required to return the grant. In 2004, the Company recorded an accrued liability for this amount. In 2005, the Company reclassified the accrued liability as a note payable since the notice from DED provided provisions for the grant funds to be returned over a five year period, in monthly payments of both principal and interest, interest rate of 5% and maturing in May 2010. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, the balance related to this note totaled $28,395 and $37,341, respectively.

In November 2001, the Company entered into an agreement with a bank to borrow $625,000. The note was renegotiated in May 2002 to require principal payments of $25,000 per month beginning August 2002 and to accrue interest at the prime rate plus 1.5% with the balance of principal and accrued interest due on December 9, 2002. The note was renegotiated in December 2002 to require principal payments of $25,000 per month through February 2003, increasing to $40,000 per month starting March 2003, and to accrue interest at the prime rate plus 1.5% with the balance of principal and accrued interest due on June 20, 2003. Substantially all of the Company’s assets provide collateral for the borrowings. The note was fully paid as of December 31, 2006.

F-17


NEURALSTEM, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Note 5. Notes payable (continued)
 
Notes payable at December 31, 2006 and 2005 are as follows:

   
2006
 
2005
 
Note payable to Bank, interest at prime rate
             
plus $1.5%, due June 20, 2003, collateralized
             
by all assets of the Company and guaranteed by an
             
officer of the Company
 
$
-
 
$
116,255
 
Note payable
   
28,395
   
37,341
 
     
28,395
   
153,596
 
Current portion of note payable
   
(7,816
)
 
(125,201
)
               
Long-term portion of note payable
 
$
20,579
 
$
28,395
 
 
Note 6. Income Taxes
 
We did not provide any current or deferred U.S. federal income tax provision or benefit for any of the periods presented because we have experienced operating losses since inception. We provided a full valuation allowance on the net deferred tax asset, consisting of net operating loss carryforwards, because management has determined that it is more likely than not that we will not earn income sufficient to realize the deferred tax assets during the carryforward period.
 
The tax effects (computed at a 35% effective tax rate) of significant temporary differences representing deferred tax assets for December 31, 2006 and 2005 are as follows:

   
2006
 
2005
 
Deferred tax assets:
             
Net operating loss carryforward
 
$
9,461,762
 
$
9,166,723
 
Stock Compensation Expense
   
125,975
   
295,039
 
               
Deferred tax assets
   
9,587,737
   
9,461,762
 
Net deferred tax liabilities
   
-
   
-
 
   
(9,587,737
)
 
(9,461,762
)
Net deferred tax asset
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
 
At December 31, 2006, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $27.4 million. The Company has also reported certain other tax credits, the benefit of which has been deferred. The Company’s NOL carryforwards and credits will begin to expire in the tax year 2012. The timing and manner in which these net operating loss carryforwards and credits may be utilized in any year by the Company will be limited to the Company’s ability o generate future earning and also may be limited by certain provision of the U.S. tax code.
 
F-18


NEURALSTEM, INC.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 7. Commitments and Contingencies

In February 2004, the Company entered into a new license agreement (lease) for facilities in Montgomery County Maryland. The term of the license agreement is effective from March 1, 2004 through January 31, 2005. The Company has an option to request renewal of the license for two (2) additional terms of one year each.

The monthly payments for the agreement are for $3,530 per month for the initial term of the agreement. The two renewal terms have monthly payments of $4,271.

On November 1, 2005, the Company amended and extended its employment agreements dated January 1, 1997 with Richard Garr and Karl Johe for an additional seven (7) years which includes a base salary of $240,000 per year for each officer. On July 28, 2005, the Company granted both Mr. Garr and Mr. Johe stock options for 1,200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock each vesting annually over a four year period with an exercise price of $0.50 per share. Termination prior to full term on the contracts would cost the Company $240,000 per year unserved, or as much as $1,680,000 per contract, and immediate vesting of all outstanding options.

Note 8.  Restatements

For the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company did not account for common stock and warrants for common stock to its consultants and note payable conversion properly resulting in additional expenses of approximately $773,000 to operations.

Note 9. Subsequent Events

On March 15, 2007, the Company completed a private placement for 2,054,000 shares of common stock with warrants for 1,027,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $3.00 per share for total gross proceeds of $5,135,000.

On March 27, 2007, the Company completed a private placement for 400,000 shares of common stock with warrants for 200,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $3.00 per share for total gross proceeds of $1,000,000.
 
 
F-19