Table of Contents

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008

 

Commission file number 1-3285

 

3M COMPANY

 

State of Incorporation: Delaware

 

I.R.S. Employer Identification No. 41-0417775

 

Principal executive offices: 3M Center, St. Paul, Minnesota 55144

 

Telephone number: (651) 733-1110

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to the filing requirements for at least the past 90 days.  Yes  x.  No o.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

 

Large accelerated filer x

Accelerated filer o

 

 

 

 

Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

Smaller reporting company o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes o.  No  x.

 

Shares of common stock outstanding at June 30, 2008: 698,990,402.

 

This document (excluding exhibits) contains 50 pages.

The table of contents is set forth on page 2.

The exhibit index begins on page 47.

 

 

 



Table of Contents

 

3M COMPANY

Form 10-Q for the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2008

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

PAGE

PART I

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 1.

Financial Statements

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

Index to Financial Statements:

 

 

 

Consolidated Statement of Income

3

 

 

Consolidated Balance Sheet

4

 

 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

5

 

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

 

Note 1.   Basis of Presentation

6

 

 

Note 2.   Acquisitions and Divestitures

8

 

 

Note 3.   Goodwill and Intangible Assets

10

 

 

Note 4.   Restructuring Actions and Other Exit Activities

11

 

 

Note 5.   Supplemental Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income Information

12

 

 

Note 6.   Income Taxes

12

 

 

Note 7.   Marketable Securities

13

 

 

Note 8.   Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

15

 

 

Note 9.   Derivatives and Other Financial Instruments

16

 

 

Note 10. Fair Value Measurements

16

 

 

Note 11. Commitments and Contingencies

19

 

 

Note 12. Management Stock Ownership Program (MSOP) and General Employees’ Stock Purchase Plan (GESPP)

23

 

 

Note 13. Business Segments

26

 

 

Note 14. Review Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

27

 

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

28

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

 

 

Index to Management’s Discussion and Analysis:

 

 

 

Overview

29

 

 

Results of Operations

31

 

 

Performance by Business Segment

34

 

 

Financial Condition and Liquidity

41

 

 

Forward-Looking Statements

44

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

45

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 4.

Controls and Procedures

45

 

 

 

 

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

 

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 1.

Legal Proceedings

46

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 1A.

Risk Factors

46

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

46

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

46

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 4.

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

47

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 5.

Other Information

47

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 6.

Exhibits

47

 

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3M COMPANY

FORM 10-Q

For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2008

PART I.  Financial Information

 

Item 1.  Financial Statements.

 

3M Company and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Income

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

Six months ended

 

 

 

June 30

 

June 30

 

(Millions, except per share amounts)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

Net sales

 

$

6,739

 

$

6,142

 

$

13,202

 

$

12,079

 

Operating expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of sales

 

3,510

 

3,175

 

6,846

 

6,197

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

1,394

 

1,286

 

2,669

 

2,567

 

Research, development and related expenses

 

363

 

352

 

714

 

671

 

(Gain)/loss on sale of businesses

 

23

 

(68

)

23

 

(854

)

Total

 

5,290

 

4,745

 

10,252

 

8,581

 

Operating income

 

1,449

 

1,397

 

2,950

 

3,498

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense and income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

51

 

48

 

106

 

86

 

Interest income

 

(18

)

(29

)

(48

)

(57

)

Total

 

33

 

19

 

58

 

29

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income taxes and minority interest

 

1,416

 

1,378

 

2,892

 

3,469

 

Provision for income taxes

 

453

 

445

 

923

 

1,153

 

Minority interest

 

18

 

16

 

36

 

31

 

Net income

 

$

945

 

$

917

 

$

1,933

 

$

2,285

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic

 

702.1

 

718.4

 

704.3

 

723.9

 

Earnings per share – basic

 

$

1.35

 

$

1.28

 

$

2.74

 

$

3.16

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted

 

712.0

 

731.7

 

714.6

 

736.5

 

Earnings per share – diluted

 

$

1.33

 

$

1.25

 

$

2.70

 

$

3.10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash dividends paid per common share

 

$

0.50

 

$

0.48

 

$

1.00

 

$

0.96

 

 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.

 

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3M Company and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheet

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

June 30

 

Dec. 31

 

(Dollars in millions, except per share amount)

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

1,547

 

$

1,896

 

Marketable securities – current

 

455

 

579

 

Accounts receivable – net

 

3,943

 

3,362

 

Inventories

 

 

 

 

 

Finished goods

 

1,535

 

1,349

 

Work in process

 

989

 

880

 

Raw materials and supplies

 

651

 

623

 

Total inventories

 

3,175

 

2,852

 

Other current assets

 

1,419

 

1,149

 

Total current assets

 

10,539

 

9,838

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketable securities - non-current

 

775

 

480

 

Investments

 

294

 

298

 

Property, plant and equipment

 

19,217

 

18,390

 

Less: Accumulated depreciation

 

(12,298

)

(11,808

)

Property, plant and equipment – net

 

6,919

 

6,582

 

Goodwill

 

5,536

 

4,589

 

Intangible assets – net

 

1,232

 

801

 

Prepaid pension and postretirement benefits

 

1,453

 

1,378

 

Other assets

 

610

 

728

 

Total assets

 

$

27,358

 

$

24,694

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt

 

$

1,913

 

$

901

 

Accounts payable

 

1,658

 

1,505

 

Accrued payroll

 

659

 

580

 

Accrued income taxes

 

643

 

543

 

Other current liabilities

 

2,114

 

1,833

 

Total current liabilities

 

6,987

 

5,362

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-term debt

 

4,095

 

4,019

 

Other liabilities

 

3,741

 

3,566

 

Total liabilities

 

$

14,823

 

$

12,947

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock par value, $.01 par value, 944,033,056 shares issued

 

9

 

9

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

2,925

 

2,785

 

Retained earnings

 

21,437

 

20,316

 

Treasury stock, at cost; 245,042,654 shares at June 30, 2008; 234,877,025 shares at Dec. 31, 2007

 

(11,302

)

(10,520

)

Unearned compensation

 

(83

)

(96

)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

 

(451

)

(747

)

Stockholders’ equity – net

 

12,535

 

11,747

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

27,358

 

$

24,694

 

 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.

 

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3M Company and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Six months ended

 

 

 

June 30

 

(Dollars in millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

1,933

 

$

2,285

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

553

 

533

 

Company pension and postretirement contributions

 

(95

)

(114

)

Company pension and postretirement expense

 

52

 

128

 

Stock-based compensation expense

 

122

 

129

 

Loss/(gain) from sale of businesses

 

23

 

(854

)

Deferred income taxes

 

19

 

(232

)

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

 

(20

)

(47

)

Changes in assets and liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

(405

)

(470

)

Inventories

 

(171

)

(139

)

Accounts payable

 

30

 

55

 

Accrued income taxes

 

(15

)

259

 

Product and other insurance receivables and claims

 

129

 

112

 

Other – net

 

85

 

39

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

2,240

 

1,684

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of property, plant and equipment (PP&E)

 

(632

)

(652

)

Proceeds from sale of PP&E and other assets

 

6

 

27

 

Acquisitions, net of cash acquired

 

(549

)

(194

)

Purchases of marketable securities and investments

 

(1,479

)

(4,391

)

Proceeds from sale of marketable securities and investments

 

732

 

3,720

 

Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities

 

427

 

242

 

Proceeds from sale of businesses

 

85

 

897

 

Other investing

 

(57

)

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(1,467

)

(351

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

 

 

 

 

 

Change in short-term debt – net

 

1,120

 

(53

)

Repayment of debt (maturities greater than 90 days)

 

(807

)

(871

)

Proceeds from debt (maturities greater than 90 days)

 

 

1,812

 

Purchases of treasury stock

 

(1,082

)

(2,199

)

Reissuances of treasury stock

 

217

 

483

 

Dividends paid to stockholders

 

(704

)

(696

)

Distributions to minority interests

 

(12

)

(10

)

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

 

20

 

47

 

Other – net

 

131

 

(2

)

Net cash used in financing activities

 

(1,117

)

(1,489

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

 

(5

)

57

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

(349

)

(99

)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

 

1,896

 

1,447

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 

$

1,547

 

$

1,348

 

 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of this statement.

 

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3M Company and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

NOTE 1.  Basis of Presentation

 

The interim consolidated financial statements are unaudited but, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. These adjustments consist of normal, recurring items. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. The interim consolidated financial statements and notes are presented as permitted by the requirements for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q.

 

As described in 3M’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 19, 2008, (which updated 3M’s 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K) and 3M’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2008, during the first quarter of 2008 the Company reorganized its business segments (refer to Note 13). This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes included in its Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 19, 2008.

 

Significant Accounting Policies

 

Earnings per share:  The difference in the weighted average shares outstanding for calculating basic and diluted earnings per share is attributable to the dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans.  Certain Management Stock Ownership Program (MSOP) options outstanding were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they would not have had a dilutive effect (31.6 million average options for the three months ended June 30, 2008; 29.9 million average options for the six months ended June 30, 2008; 26.6 million average options for the three months ended June 30, 2007; 31.0 million average options for the six months ended June 30, 2007). The conditions for conversion related to the Company’s “Convertible Notes” were not met (refer to 3M’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 19, 2008, Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for more detail). If the conditions for conversion are met, 3M may choose to pay in cash and/or common stock; however, if this occurs, the Company has the intent and ability to settle this debt security in cash. Accordingly, there was no impact on 3M’s diluted earnings per share. The computations for basic and diluted earnings per share follow:

 

Earnings Per Share Computations

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

Six months ended

 

 

 

June 30

 

June 30

 

(Amounts in millions, except per share amounts)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

Numerator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

945

 

$

917

 

$

1,933

 

$

2,285

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator for weighted average common shares outstanding – basic

 

702.1

 

718.4

 

704.3

 

723.9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dilution associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans

 

9.9

 

13.3

 

10.3

 

12.6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator for weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted

 

712.0

 

731.7

 

714.6

 

736.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings per share – basic

 

$

1.35

 

$

1.28

 

$

2.74

 

$

3.16

 

Earnings per share – diluted

 

1.33

 

1.25

 

2.70

 

3.10

 

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS No. 157 establishes a single definition of fair value and a framework for measuring fair value, sets out a fair value hierarchy to be used to classify the source of information used in fair value measurements, and requires new disclosures of assets and liabilities measured at fair value based on their level in the hierarchy. This statement applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. In February 2008, the FASB issued Staff Positions (FSPs) No. 157-1 and No. 157-2, which, respectively, remove leasing transactions from the scope of SFAS No. 157 and defer its effective date for one year relative to certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities. As a result, the application of the definition of fair value and related disclosures of SFAS No. 157 (as impacted by these two FSPs) was effective for 3M beginning January 1, 2008 on a prospective basis with respect to fair value measurements of (a) nonfinancial assets and liabilities that

 

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are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the Company’s financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually) and (b) all financial assets and liabilities. This adoption did not have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. The remaining aspects of SFAS No. 157 for which the effective date was deferred under FSP No. 157-2 are currently being evaluated by the Company. Areas impacted by the deferral relate to nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, but are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. This deferral applies to such items as nonfinancial assets and liabilities initially measured at fair value in a business combination (but not measured at fair value in subsequent periods) or nonfinancial long-lived asset groups measured at fair value for an impairment assessment. The effects of these remaining aspects of SFAS No. 157 are to be applied by 3M to fair value measurements prospectively beginning January 1, 2009. The Company does not expect them to have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition. Refer to Note 10 for disclosures required by this new pronouncement.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”. SFAS No. 159 permits an entity to choose, at specified election dates, to measure eligible financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. An entity reports unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. Upfront costs and fees related to items for which the fair value option is elected are recognized in earnings as incurred and not deferred. SFAS No. 159 also established presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 159 was effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 (January 1, 2008 for 3M). At the effective date, an entity could elect the fair value option for eligible items that existed at that date. The entity was required to report the effect of the first remeasurement to fair value as a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The Company did not elect the fair value option for eligible items that existed as of January 1, 2008.

 

In June 2007, the FASB’s Emerging Issues Task Force reached a consensus on EITF Issue No. 07-3, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to Be Used in Future Research and Development Activities” that required nonrefundable advance payments made by the Company for future R&D activities to be capitalized and recognized as an expense as the goods or services are received by the Company. EITF Issue No. 07-3 was effective for 3M with respect to new arrangements entered into beginning January 1, 2008. The adoption of EITF Issue No. 07-3 did not have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R, “Business Combinations,” which changes accounting for business acquisitions. SFAS No. 141R requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize all (and only) the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction and establishes the acquisition-date fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Certain provisions of this standard will, among other things, impact the determination of acquisition-date fair value of consideration paid in a business combination (including contingent consideration); exclude transaction costs from acquisition accounting; and change accounting practices for acquired contingencies, acquisition-related restructuring costs, in-process research and development, indemnification assets, and tax benefits. For 3M, SFAS No. 141R is effective for business combinations and adjustments to an acquired entity’s deferred tax asset and liability balances occurring after December 31, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the future impacts and disclosures of this standard.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51,” which establishes new standards governing the accounting for and reporting of noncontrolling interests (NCIs) in partially owned consolidated subsidiaries and the loss of control of subsidiaries. Certain provisions of this standard indicate, among other things, that NCIs (previously referred to as minority interests) be treated as a separate component of equity, not as a liability; that increases and decreases in the parent’s ownership interest that leave control intact be treated as equity transactions, rather than as step acquisitions or dilution gains or losses; and that losses of a partially owned consolidated subsidiary be allocated to the NCI even when such allocation might result in a deficit balance. This standard also requires changes to certain presentation and disclosure requirements. For 3M, SFAS No. 160 is effective beginning January 1, 2009. The provisions of the standard are to be applied to all NCIs prospectively, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements, which are to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The Company is currently evaluating the future impacts and disclosures of this standard.

 

In December 2007, the FASB ratified the Emerging Issues Task Force consensus on EITF Issue No. 07-1, “Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements” that discusses how parties to a collaborative arrangement (which does not establish a legal entity within such arrangement) should account for various activities. The consensus

 

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indicates that costs incurred and revenues generated from transactions with third parties (i.e. parties outside of the collaborative arrangement) should be reported by the collaborators on the respective line items in their income statements pursuant to EITF Issue No. 99-19, “Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal Versus Net as an Agent.”  Additionally, the consensus provides that income statement characterization of payments between the participants in a collaborative arrangement should be based upon existing authoritative pronouncements; analogy to such pronouncements if not within their scope; or a reasonable, rational, and consistently applied accounting policy election. EITF Issue No. 07-1 is effective for 3M beginning January 1, 2009 and is to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented for collaborative arrangements existing as of the date of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impacts and disclosures of this standard, but would not expect EITF Issue No. 07-1 to have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” which will require increased disclosures about an entity’s strategies and objectives for using derivative instruments; the location and amounts of derivative instruments in an entity’s financial statements; how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities;” and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect its financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Certain disclosures will also be required with respect to derivative features that are credit-risk-related. SFAS No. 161 is effective for 3M beginning January 1, 2009 on a prospective basis. The Company does not expect this standard to have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

 

In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets,” which amends the list of factors an entity should consider in developing renewal or extension assumptions used in determining the useful life of recognized intangible assets under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” The new guidance applies to (1) intangible assets that are acquired individually or with a group of other assets and (2) intangible assets acquired in both business combinations and asset acquisitions. Under FSP No. FAS 142-3, entities estimating the useful life of a recognized intangible asset must consider their historical experience in renewing or extending similar arrangements or, in the absence of historical experience, must consider assumptions that market participants would use about renewal or extension. For 3M, this FSP will require certain additional disclosures beginning January 1, 2009 and application to useful life estimates prospectively for intangible assets acquired after December 31, 2008. The Company does not expect this standard to have a material impact on 3M’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

 

In May 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. APB 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash Upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement).” This FSP applies to convertible debt securities that, upon conversion by the holder, may be settled by the issuer fully or partially in cash (rather than settled fully in shares) and specifies that issuers of such instruments should separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that reflects the issuer’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when related interest cost is recognized. This FSP is effective for 3M beginning January 1, 2009 with retrospective application to all periods presented. This standard impacts the Company’s “Convertible Notes” (refer to 3M’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 19, 2008, Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for more detail), and will require that additional interest expense essentially equivalent to the portion of issuance proceeds retroactively allocated to the instrument’s equity component be recognized over the period from the Convertible Notes’ issuance in 2002 through late 2005 (the first date holders of these Notes had the ability to put them back to 3M). 3M is evaluating the impact of this standard and anticipates that its retrospective application will have no impact on results of operations for periods following 2005, but will result in an increase in opening additional paid in capital and a corresponding decrease in opening retained earnings, net of deferred tax impacts, on post-2005 consolidated balance sheets.

 

NOTE 2.  Acquisitions and Divestitures

 

Divestitures:

 

In June 2008, 3M completed the sale of HighJump Software, a 3M Company, to Battery Ventures, a technology venture capital and private equity firm. 3M received proceeds of $85 million for this transaction and recognized, net of assets sold, transaction and other costs, a pre-tax loss of $23 million (recorded in the Safety, Security and Protection Services segment) in the second quarter of 2008.

 

Acquisitions:

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2008, 3M completed four business combinations. The purchase price paid for business combinations (net of cash acquired) and certain contingent consideration paid during the six months ended June 30, 2008 for previous acquisitions aggregated to $549 million.

 

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The largest of these 2008 acquisitions was the April 2008 purchase of 100 percent of the outstanding shares of Aearo Holding Corp. (Safety, Security and Protection Services Business), the parent company of Aearo Technologies Inc. (hereafter referred to as Aearo), a manufacturer of personal protection and energy absorbing products, for approximately $1.2 billion, inclusive of debt assumed, which was immediately paid off.

 

The three additional business combinations are summarized as follows:

 

(1) In March 2008, 3M (Industrial and Transportation Business) purchased certain assets of Hitech Polymers Inc., a manufacturer of specialty thermoplastic polymers and provider of toll thermoplastic compounding services based in Hebron, Kentucky.

 

(2) In April 2008, 3M (Health Care Business) purchased 100 percent of the outstanding shares of Les Entreprises Solumed Inc., a Quebec-based developer and marketer of leading-edge medical products designed to prevent infections in operating rooms and hospitals.

 

(3) In April 2008, 3M (Consumer and Office Business) purchased 100 percent of the outstanding shares of Kolors Kevarkian, S.A., a manufacturer of branded floor cleaning tools based in Argentina.

 

Purchased identifiable intangible assets for Aearo totaled $485 million and will be amortized on a straight-line basis over a weighted-average life of 15 years (lives ranging from 3 to 19 years). Acquired patents for Aearo of $11 million will be amortized over a weighted-average life of 11 years and other acquired intangibles of $474 million, primarily customer relationships and tradenames, will be amortized over a weighted-average life of 15 years. Pro forma information related to the above acquisitions is not included because the impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations is not considered to be material. In-process research and development charges associated with these business combinations were not material.

 

The purchase price allocation for all 2008 business combinations, including Aearo, and certain other 2007 business combinations is considered preliminary. The impact on the consolidated balance sheet of the purchase price allocations related to acquisitions, including adjustments relative to other acquisitions within the allocation period, follow:

 

 

 

Aearo

 

 

 

 

 

Asset (Liability)
(Millions)

 

Holding
Corp.

 

Other
Acquisitions

 

2008
Total

 

Accounts receivable

 

$

76

 

$

1

 

$

77

 

Inventory

 

81

 

1

 

82

 

Other current assets

 

7

 

2

 

9

 

Property, plant, and equipment – net

 

82

 

7

 

89

 

Purchased intangible assets

 

485

 

4

 

489

 

Purchased goodwill

 

887

 

16

 

903

 

Accounts payable and other liabilities, net of other assets

 

(186

)

(1

)

(187

)

Interest bearing debt

 

(684

)

 

(684

)

Deferred tax asset/(liability)

 

(231

)

2

 

(229

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets acquired

 

$

517

 

$

32

 

$

549

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental information:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid

 

$

556

 

$

33

 

$

589

 

Less: Cash acquired

 

39

 

1

 

40

 

Cash paid, net of cash acquired

 

$

517

 

$

32

 

$

549

 

Non-cash (3M shares at fair value)

 

 

 

 

Net assets acquired

 

$

517

 

$

32

 

$

549

 

 

In addition to business combinations, 3M periodically acquires certain tangible and/or intangible assets and purchases interests in certain enterprises that do not otherwise qualify for accounting as business combinations. These transactions are largely reflected as additional asset purchase and investment activity.

 

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Subsequent Events

 

On July 2, 2008, 3M (Health Care Business) announced that it completed its acquisition of IMTECH Corp., a manufacturer of dental implants and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning equipment for dental and medical radiology headquartered in Ardmore, Oklahoma.

 

NOTE 3.  Goodwill and Intangible Assets

 

As discussed in Note 13, 3M made certain changes to its business segments effective in the first quarter of 2008, which resulted in no material changes to the goodwill balances by business segment. For those changes that resulted in reporting unit changes, the Company applied the relative fair value method to determine the impact to reporting units. SFAS No. 142 requires that goodwill be tested for impairment at least annually and when reporting units are changed. During the first quarter of 2008, the Company completed its assessment of any potential goodwill impairment under this new structure and determined that no impairment existed.

 

Purchased goodwill related to the four acquisitions which closed in the first six months of 2008 totaled $904 million, $2 million of which is deductible for tax purposes. The acquisition activity in the table below also includes the impacts of purchase accounting adjustments and contingent consideration for previously closed acquisitions. The amounts in the “Translation and other” column in the following table primarily relate to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, except for the $77 million decrease in goodwill related to the sale of 3M’s HighJump Software business (included in the Safety, Security and Protection Services business). The goodwill balance by business segment as of December 31, 2007 and June 30, 2008, follow:

 

Goodwill

 

 

 

Dec. 31,

 

 

 

 

 

June 30,

 

 

 

2007

 

Acquisition

 

Translation

 

2008

 

(Millions)

 

Balance

 

activity

 

and other

 

Balance

 

Industrial and Transportation

 

$

1,524

 

$

(6

)

$

35

 

$

1,553

 

Health Care

 

839

 

17

 

40

 

896

 

Display and Graphics

 

894

 

 

(3

)

891

 

Consumer and Office

 

94

 

6

 

18

 

118

 

Safety, Security and Protection Services

 

611

 

886

 

(76

)

1,421

 

Electro and Communications

 

627

 

 

30

 

657

 

Total Company

 

$

4,589

 

$

903

 

$

44

 

$

5,536

 

 

Acquired Intangible Assets

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2008, acquired intangible asset activity through business combinations increased balances by $489 million, while the sale of 3M’s HighJump Software business reduced intangible asset balances by $23 million. The carrying amount and accumulated amortization of acquired intangible assets as of June 30, 2008, and December 31, 2007, follow:

 

 

 

June 30

 

Dec. 31

 

(Millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

Patents

 

$

459

 

$

446

 

Other amortizable intangible assets (primarily tradenames and customer related intangibles)

 

1,245

 

801

 

Non-amortizable intangible assets (tradenames)

 

80

 

75

 

Total gross carrying amount

 

$

1,784

 

$

1,322

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated amortization – patents

 

(320

)

(305

)

Accumulated amortization – other

 

(232

)

(216

)

Total accumulated amortization

 

(552

)

(521

)

Total intangible assets – net

 

$

1,232

 

$

801

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

Amortization expense for acquired intangible assets for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 follows:

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

Six months ended

 

 

 

June 30

 

June 30

 

(Millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

Amortization expense

 

$

32

 

$

21

 

$

56

 

$

42

 

 

The table below shows expected amortization expense for acquired intangible assets recorded as of June 30, 2008:

 

(Millions)

 

Last 2
Quarters
2008

 

2009

 

2010

 

2011

 

2012

 

After
2013

 

Amortization expense

 

$

65

 

$

130

 

$

115

 

$

108

 

$

102

 

$

632

 

 

The expected amortization expense is an estimate. Actual amounts of amortization expense may differ from estimated amounts due to additional intangible asset acquisitions, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, impairment of intangible assets, accelerated amortization of intangible assets and other events.

 

NOTE 4.  Restructuring Actions and Other Exit Activities

 

2006/2007 Restructuring Actions

 

During the fourth quarter of 2006 and the first six months of 2007, management approved and committed to undertake the following restructuring actions:

 

·                  Pharmaceuticals business actions – employee-related, asset impairment and other costs pertaining to the Company’s exit of its branded pharmaceuticals operations in late 2006 and early 2007. These costs included severance and benefits for pharmaceuticals business employees who were not obtaining employment with the buyers of the pharmaceuticals business as well as impairment charges associated with certain assets not transferred to the buyers.

 

·                  Overhead reduction actions – employee-related costs for severance and benefits, costs associated with actions to reduce the Company’s cost structure.

 

·                  Business-specific actions – employee-related costs for severance and benefits, fixed and intangible asset impairments, certain contractual obligations, and expenses from the exit of certain product lines.

 

Actions with respect to the above activities were substantially completed in 2007 and additional charges and adjustments are not expected to be material.

 

The remaining accrued liability balances and cash payments in 2008 follow:

 

Restructuring Activity

 

 

 

Accrued

 

Cash

 

Accrued

 

 

 

Liability Balances

 

Payments

 

Liability Balances

 

(Millions)

 

at Dec. 31, 2007

 

in 2008

 

at June 30, 2008

 

Employee-Related Items and Benefits

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pharmaceuticals business actions

 

$

5

 

$

(5

)

$

 

Overhead reduction actions

 

10

 

(7

)

3

 

Business-specific actions

 

5

 

(4

)

1

 

Total

 

$

20

 

$

(16

)

$

4

 

 

Other Exit Activities:

 

In the second quarter of 2008, the Company recorded pre-tax charges of $19 million related to exit activities. These charges related to employee reductions at an Industrial and Transportation manufacturing facility located in the United Kingdom. These charges were recorded in cost of sales.

 

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NOTE 5.  Supplemental Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income Information

 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

 

 

June 30,

 

Dec. 31,

 

(Millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

Cumulative translation – net

 

$

971

 

$

742

 

Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment – net

 

(1,408

)

(1,453

)

Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss) – net

 

(11

)

(8

)

Cash flow hedging instruments, unrealized gain (loss) – net

 

(3

)

(28

)

Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

 

$

(451

)

$

(747

)

 

 

 

Comprehensive Income

 

 

 

Three-months ended June 30,

 

Six-months ended June 30,

 

(Millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

Net income

 

$

945

 

$

917

 

$

1,933

 

$

2,285

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative translation

 

(72

)

80

 

210

 

145

 

Tax effect

 

(60

)

(2

)

19

 

6

 

Cumulative translation - net of tax

 

(132

)

78

 

229

 

151

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment

 

19

 

48

 

68

 

96

 

Tax effect

 

(5

)

(18

)

(23

)

(32

)

Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans adjustment - net of tax

 

14

 

30

 

45

 

64

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss)

 

(11

)

2

 

(4

)

4

 

Tax effect

 

4

 

 

1

 

 

Debt and equity securities, unrealized gain (loss) - net of tax

 

(7

)

2

 

(3

)

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flow hedging instruments, unrealized gain (loss)

 

51

 

(31

)

45

 

(7

)

Tax effect

 

(22

)

12

 

(20

)

3

 

Cash flow hedging instruments, unrealized gain (loss) - net of tax

 

29

 

(19

)

25

 

(4

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total – net of tax

 

$

849

 

$

1,008

 

$

2,229

 

$

2,500

 

 

Reclassification adjustments are made to avoid double counting in comprehensive income items that are also recorded as part of net income. As disclosed in Note 8, for the three and six-months ended June 30, 2008, $19 million pre-tax ($14 million after tax) and $42 million pre-tax ($29 million after tax), respectively, were reclassified to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income to pension and postretirement expense in the income statement. These pension and postretirement expense amounts are shown in the table in Note 8 as amortization of transition (asset) obligation, amortization of prior service cost (benefit) and amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss. Reclassifications to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income for debt and equity securities, which primarily include marketable securities, totaled approximately $6 million pre-tax ($4 million after tax) for the three and six-months ended June 30, 2008, as shown in the auction rate securities table in Note 10. Refer to Note 9 for a table that recaps cash flow hedging instruments reclassifications. No income tax provision has been made for the translation of foreign currency financial statements into U.S. dollars.

 

NOTE 6.  Income Taxes

 

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 1999. During the first six months of 2008, the Company paid IRS assessments related to tax and interest for the 2001 through 2004 tax years. The IRS’s adjustments to the Company’s tax positions including interest were fully reserved. As a result of these additional tax payments, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits were reduced by $71 million for the first six months of 2008.

 

In addition to the U.S. federal examination, there is also limited audit activity in several U.S. state and foreign jurisdictions. Currently, the Company expects the liability for unrecognized tax benefits will change by an insignificant amount during the next 12 months.

 

The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate as of December 31, 2007 and June 30, 2008, respectively, are $334 million and $256 million.

 

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Table of Contents

 

The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in tax expense. At December 31, 2007 and June 30, 2008 respectively, accrued interest and penalties on a gross basis were $69 million and $38 million. Included in these interest and penalty amounts are interest and penalties related to tax positions for which the ultimate deductibility is highly certain but for which there is uncertainty about the timing of such deductibility. Because of the impact of deferred tax accounting, other than interest and penalties, the disallowance of the shorter deductibility period would not affect the annual effective tax rate but would accelerate the payment of cash to the taxing authority to an earlier period.

 

NOTE 7.  Marketable Securities

 

The Company invests in agency securities, asset-backed securities, corporate notes securities, treasury securities and other securities. The following is a summary of amounts recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet for marketable securities (current and non-current) at June 30, 2008.

 

 

 

June 30,

 

(Millions)

 

2008

 

 

 

 

 

Agency securities

 

$

134

 

Asset-backed securities:

 

 

 

Automobile loans related

 

83

 

Other

 

37

 

Asset-backed securities total

 

120

 

Certificate of deposits

 

93

 

Corporate short-term notes securities

 

86

 

Other

 

22

 

 

 

 

 

Current marketable securities

 

$

455

 

 

 

 

 

Treasury securities

 

$

256

 

Agency securities

 

244

 

Corporate medium-term notes securities

 

133

 

Asset-backed securities:

 

 

 

Automobile loans related

 

51

 

Credit cards related

 

42

 

Other

 

39

 

Asset-backed securities total

 

132

 

Auction rate securities

 

10

 

 

 

 

 

Non-current marketable securities

 

$

775

 

 

 

 

 

Total marketable securities

 

$

1,230

 

 

Classification of marketable securities as current or non-current is dependent upon management’s intended holding period, the security’s maturity date and liquidity considerations based on market conditions. If management intends to hold the securities for longer than one year as of the balance sheet date, they are classified as non-current. At June 30, 2008, gross unrealized losses totaled approximately $20 million, while gross unrealized gains were not material. Gross unrealized losses relate to auction rate securities, which are discussed further below, and fixed rate securities; primarily agency securities, treasury securities and corporate short-term note securities, which have experienced unrealized losses as interest rates have increased. Gross realized gains and losses on sales or maturities of marketable securities were not material for the first six months of 2008 and 2007. Cost of securities sold or reclassified use the first in, first out (FIFO) method. Since these marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale securities, changes in fair value will flow through other comprehensive income, with amounts reclassified out of other comprehensive income into earnings upon sale or “other-than-temporary” impairment.

 

3M has a diversified marketable securities portfolio of $1.230 billion as of June 30, 2008. Within this portfolio, current and long-term asset-backed securities (estimated fair value of $252 million) are primarily comprised of interests in automobile loans and credit cards. At June 30, 2008, the asset-backed securities credit ratings were AAA or A-1+, except for one security with a fair value of $9 million that had a BBB credit rating. 3M’s marketable securities portfolio also includes auction rate securities (estimated fair value of $10 million) that represent interests

 

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Table of Contents

 

in investment grade credit default swaps. During the second half of 2007 and the first six months of 2008, these auction rate securities failed to auction due to sell orders exceeding buy orders. Liquidity for these auction-rate securities is typically provided by an auction process that resets the applicable interest rate at pre-determined intervals, usually every 7, 28, 35, or 90 days. The funds associated with failed auctions will not be accessible until a successful auction occurs or a buyer is found outside of the auction process. Based upon an analysis of “temporary” and “other-than-temporary” impairment factors, auction rate securities with an original par value of approximately $34 million were written-down to an estimated fair value of $16 million as of December 31, 2007 and subsequently written-down to an estimated fair value of $11 million as of March 31, 2008 and an estimated fair value of $10 million as of June 30, 2008. 3M recorded “other-than-temporary” impairment charges that reduced pre-tax income by approximately $8 million in the fourth quarter of 2007, approximately $1 million in the first quarter of 2008 and approximately $8 million in the second quarter of 2008. There are $7 million (pre-tax) of temporary impairments at June 30, 2008, which were recorded as unrealized losses within other comprehensive income. As of June 30, 2008, these investments in auction rate securities have been in a loss position for less than twelve months. These auction rate securities are classified as non-current marketable securities as of June 30, 2008 as indicated in the preceding table. Refer to Note 10 for a table that reconciles the beginning and ending balances of auction rate securities for 2008.

 

3M reviews impairments associated with the above in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 03-1 and FSP SFAS 115-1 and 124-1, “The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary-Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments,” to determine the classification of the impairment as “temporary” or “other-than-temporary.” A temporary impairment charge results in an unrealized loss being recorded in the other comprehensive income component of stockholders’ equity. Such an unrealized loss does not reduce net income for the applicable accounting period because the loss is not viewed as other-than-temporary. The company believes that a portion of the impairment of its auction rate securities investments is temporary and a portion is other-than-temporary. The factors evaluated to differentiate between temporary and other-than-temporary include the projected future cash flows, credit ratings actions, and assessment of the credit quality of the underlying collateral.

 

The balances at June 30, 2008 for marketable securities by contractual maturity are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties.

 

 

 

June 30,

 

(Millions)

 

2008

 

 

 

 

 

Due in one year or less

 

$

231

 

Due after one year through three years

 

660

 

Due after three years through five years

 

286

 

Due after five years

 

53

 

 

 

 

 

Total marketable securities

 

$

1,230

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

NOTE 8.  Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

 

Components of net periodic benefit cost and other supplemental information for the three months and six months ended June 30 follow:

 

Benefit Plan Information

 

 

 

Three months ended June 30

 

 

 

Qualified and Non-qualified

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pension Benefits

 

Postretirement

 

 

 

United States

 

International

 

Benefits

 

(Millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Service cost

 

$

48

 

$

48

 

$

31

 

$

30

 

$

13

 

$

14

 

Interest cost

 

149

 

142

 

66

 

55

 

25

 

26

 

Expected return on plan assets

 

(222

)

(210

)

(80

)

(70

)

(26

)

(26

)

Amortization of transition (asset) obligation

 

 

 

1

 

1

 

 

 

Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)

 

4

 

4

 

(1

)

(1

)

(25

)

(18

)

Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss

 

14

 

31

 

10

 

13

 

16

 

18

 

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)

 

$

(7

)

$

15

 

$

27

 

$

28

 

$

3

 

$

14

 

Settlements, curtailments and special termination benefits

 

1

 

1

 

 

 

 

13

 

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments and special termination benefits

 

$

(6

)

$

16

 

$

27

 

$

28

 

$

3

 

$

27

 

 

Benefit Plan Information

 

 

 

Six months ended June 30

 

 

 

Qualified and Non-qualified

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pension Benefits

 

Postretirement

 

 

 

United States

 

International

 

Benefits

 

(Millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Service cost

 

$

96

 

$

96

 

$

62

 

$

60

 

$

26

 

$

28

 

Interest cost

 

298

 

284

 

132

 

110

 

51

 

52

 

Expected return on plan assets

 

(444

)

(420

)

(160

)

(140

)

(52

)

(52

)

Amortization of transition (asset) obligation

 

 

 

2

 

2

 

 

 

Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)

 

8

 

7

 

(2

)

(2

)

(46

)

(36

)

Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss

 

28

 

63

 

20

 

26

 

32

 

36

 

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)

 

$

(14

)

$

30

 

$

54

 

$

56

 

$

11

 

$

28

 

Settlements, curtailments and special termination benefits

 

1

 

1

 

 

 

 

13

 

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) after settlements, curtailments and special termination benefits

 

$

(13

)

$

31

 

$

54

 

$

56

 

$

11

 

$

41

 

 

During the first quarter of 2008, the Company made modifications to its U.S. postretirement benefits plan. The changes are effective beginning January 1, 2009, and allow current retired employees and employees who retire before January 1, 2013 the option to continue on the existing postretirement plans or elect the new plans. Current employees who retire after December 31, 2012, will receive a savings account benefits-based plan. As a result of the modification to the U.S. postretirement benefits plan, the Company remeasured its U.S. plans’ assets and accumulated postretirement benefit obligation (APBO) as of March 31, 2008. The impact of the plan modifications reduced the APBO by $148 million, which was partially offset by asset values being $97 million lower than on December 31, 2007. Therefore, the accrued benefit cost liability recorded on the balance sheet as of March 31, 2008, was reduced by $51 million. The remeasurement did not impact the postretirement expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, but reduces the expense for April 1 through December 31, 2008 by $15 million.

 

For the six months ended June 30, 2008, contributions totaling $94 million were made to the Company’s U.S. and international pension plans and $1 million to its postretirement plans. In 2008, the Company expects to contribute up to $400 million to its U.S. and international pension plans. The Company does not have a required minimum pension contribution obligation for its U.S. plans in 2008. Therefore, the amount of the anticipated discretionary pension contribution could vary significantly depending on the U.S plans’ funding status as of the 2008 measurement date and the anticipated tax deductibility of the contribution. 3M’s annual measurement date for

 

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pension and postretirement assets and liabilities is December 31 each year, which is also the date used for the related annual measurement assumptions.

 

NOTE 9.  Derivatives and Other Financial Instruments

 

The Company uses interest rate swaps, currency swaps, and forward and option contracts to manage risks generally associated with foreign exchange rate, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations. For a more detailed discussion of the company’s derivative instruments, refer to 3M’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 19, 2008.

 

The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts, options and swaps to hedge against the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash flows denominated in foreign currencies and certain intercompany financing transactions. These transactions are designated as cash flow hedges. Based on exchange rates at June 30, 2008, the Company expects to reclassify to earnings over the next 12 months a majority of the cash flow hedging instruments after-tax loss of $3 million (with the impact offset by cash flows from underlying hedged items). Amounts recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to cash flow hedging instruments follow:

 

Cash Flow Hedging Instruments

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

Six months ended

 

Net of Tax

 

June 30

 

June 30

 

(Millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning balance

 

$

(32

)

$

(3

)

$

(28

)

$

(18

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Changes in fair value of derivatives

 

31

 

(21

)

11

 

(11

)

Reclassifications to earnings from equity

 

(2

)

2

 

14

 

7

 

Total activity

 

29

 

(19

)

25

 

(4

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ending balance

 

$

(3

)

$

(22

)

$

(3

)

$

(22

)

 

In the first half of 2008, the Company entered into a foreign currency forward contract with a notional amount of $29 million that was designated as a partial hedge of the Company’s net investment in its Chinese subsidiaries.  This forward matures in December 2008.

 

NOTE 10.  Fair Value Measurements

 

As discussed in Note 1, 3M adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” (as impacted by FSP Nos. 157-1 and 157-2) effective January 1, 2008, with respect to fair value measurements of (a) nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the Company’s financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually) and (b) all financial assets and liabilities.

 

Under SFAS No. 157, fair value is defined as the exit price, or the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. SFAS No. 157 also establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs (other than quoted prices) that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

 

Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:

 

At 3M, effective January 1, 2008, fair value under SFAS No. 157 (as impacted by FSP Nos. 157-1 and 157-2) principally applied to financial asset and liabilities such as available-for-sale marketable securities, available-for-sale investments (included as part of investments in the Consolidated Balance Sheet) and certain derivative instruments. Derivatives include cash flow hedges, interest rate swaps and most net investment hedges. These

 

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items were previously and will continue to be marked-to-market at each reporting period; however, the definition of fair value used for these mark-to-markets is now applied using SFAS No. 157. The information in the following paragraphs and tables primarily addresses matters relative to these financial assets and liabilities. Separately, there were no material fair value measurements with respect to nonfinancial assets or liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the Company’s financial statements on a recurring basis subsequent to the effective date of SFAS No. 157 (as impacted by FSP Nos. 157-1 and 157-2).

 

3M uses various valuation techniques, which are primarily based upon the market and income approaches, with respect to financial assets and liabilities. Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for the respective financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value.

 

Available-for-sale marketable securities — except auction rate securities:

 

Marketable securities, except auction rate securities, are valued utilizing multiple sources, as the best individual price and the best source of information can change from one day to the next. Therefore, a weighted average price is used for these securities. Market prices are obtained for these securities from a variety of industry standard data providers, security master files from large financial institutions, and other third-party sources. These multiple prices are used as inputs into a distribution-curve-based algorithm to determine the daily fair value to be used. 3M classifies treasury securities as level 1, while all other marketable securities (excluding auction rate securities) are classified as level 2. Marketable securities are discussed further in Note 7.

 

Available-for-sale marketable securities — auction rate securities only:

 

As discussed in Note 7, auction rate securities held by 3M failed to auction during the second half of 2007 and first half of 2008. As a result, investments in auction rate securities are valued utilizing broker-dealer valuation models and third-party indicative bid levels in markets that are not active. 3M classifies these securities as level 3.

 

Available-for-sale investments:

 

Investments include equity securities that are traded in an active market. Closing stock prices are readily available from active markets and are used as being representative of fair value. 3M classifies these securities as level 1.

 

Certain derivative instruments:

 

Derivative assets and liabilities within the scope of SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”, are required to be recorded at fair value. The Company’s derivatives that are impacted by SFAS No. 157 include foreign currency forward and option contracts, commodity price swaps, interest rate swaps, and net investment hedges where the hedging instrument is recorded at fair value. Net investment hedges that use foreign currency denominated debt to hedge 3M’s net investment are not impacted by SFAS No. 157 as the debt used as the hedging instrument is marked to a value with respect to changes in spot foreign currency exchange rates and not with respect to other factors that may impact fair value.

 

3M has determined that foreign currency forwards and commodity hedges will be considered level 1 measurements as these are traded in active markets which have identical asset or liabilities, while currency swaps, foreign exchange options, interest rate swaps and cross-currency interest rate swaps will be considered level 2. For level 2 derivatives, 3M uses inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset. These inputs include foreign currency exchange rates, volatilities, and interest rates. The level 2 derivative positions are primarily valued using standard calculations/models that use as their basis readily observable market parameters. Industry standard data providers are 3M’s primary source for forward and spot rate information for both interest rates and currency rates, with resulting valuations periodically validated through third-party or counterparty quotes and a net present value stream of cash flows model.

 

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The following table provides information by level for assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, as defined by SFAS No. 157, on a recurring basis.

 

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

 

(Millions)

 

at
June 30,

 

Fair Value Measurements
Using Inputs Considered as

 

Description

 

2008

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketable securities – except auction rate securities

 

$

1,220

 

$

256

 

$

964

 

$

 

Marketable securities - auction rate securities only

 

10

 

 

 

10

 

Investments

 

12

 

12

 

 

 

Derivative assets

 

75

 

59

 

16

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivative liabilities

 

115

 

52

 

63

 

 

 

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of items measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the table above that used significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

 

(Millions)
Marketable securities – auction rate
securities only

 

Three months
ended
June 30, 2008

 

Six months
ended
June 30, 2008

 

Beginning balance

 

$

11

 

$

16

 

Total gains or losses:

 

 

 

 

 

Included in earnings

 

(2

)

(3

)

Included in other comprehensive income

 

1

 

(3

)

Purchases, issuances, and settlements

 

 

 

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3

 

 

 

Ending balance (June 30, 2008)

 

$

10

 

$

10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional losses included in earnings due to reclassifications from other comprehensive income for securities still held at June 30, 2008

 

$

(6

)

$

(6

)

 

In addition, the plan assets of 3M’s pension and postretirement benefit plans are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (at least annually). During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, the Company remeasured the plan assets of its U.S. postretirement benefits plan in connection with a change in the benefits provided by this plan as discussed in Note 8.

 

Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis:

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company had no significant measurements of assets or liabilities at fair value (as defined in SFAS No. 157) on a nonrecurring basis subsequent to their initial recognition. As indicated in Note 1, the aspects of SFAS No. 157 for which the effective date for 3M was deferred under FSP No. 157-2 until January 1, 2009 relate to nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, but are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. This deferral applies to such items as nonfinancial assets and liabilities initially measured at fair value in a business combination (but not measured at fair value in subsequent periods) or nonfinancial long-lived asset groups measured at fair value for an impairment assessment. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, such measurements of fair value impacted by the deferral under FSP No. 157-2 related primarily to the nonfinancial assets and liabilities with respect to the business combinations in 2008 as discussed in Note 2.

 

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NOTE 11.  Commitments and Contingencies

 

Legal Proceedings:

 

The Company and some of its subsidiaries are involved in numerous claims and lawsuits, principally in the United States, and regulatory proceedings worldwide. These include various products liability (involving products that the Company now or formerly manufactured and sold), intellectual property, and commercial claims and lawsuits, including those brought under the antitrust laws, employment litigation and environmental proceedings. The following sections first describe the significant legal proceedings in which the Company is involved, and then describe the liabilities and associated insurance receivables the Company has accrued relating to its significant legal proceedings. Unless otherwise stated, the Company is vigorously defending all such litigation. Additional information can be found in Note 13 “Commitments and Contingencies” in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 19, 2008, including information about the Company’s process for establishing and disclosing accruals and insurance receivables.

 

Shareholder Derivative Litigation

 

As previously reported, in July 2007, a shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware against the Company as nominal defendant and against each then current member of the Board of Directors and the officers named in the Summary Compensation Table of the 2007 Proxy Statement. The suit alleges that the Company’s 2007 Proxy Statement contained false and misleading statements concerning the tax deductibility of compensation payable under the Executive Annual Incentive Plan (“Plan”) and the standards for determining the amounts payable under the Plan. The lawsuit seeks a declaration voiding shareholder approval of the Plan, termination of the Plan, voiding the elections of directors, equitable accounting, and awarding costs, including attorneys’ fees.

 

In May 2008, the Company and the individual defendants agreed to settle the litigation without admitting any liability or wrongdoing of any kind. The settlement agreement, which is subject to court approval, calls for the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors to adopt a resolution formally stating its interpretation of certain aspects of the Plan, and the Company to issue a press release to the same effect, and to pay up to $600,000 in attorney’s fees to the plaintiff’s counsel. Upon receipt of the Court’s scheduling order, the Company will notify all stockholders of the proposed settlement and its terms. Stockholders have a right to object to the terms of the settlement, and final consummation of the settlement must await the entry of the Court’s final judgment approving the settlement.

 

Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation

 

As of June 30, 2008, the Company is a named defendant, with multiple co-defendants, in numerous lawsuits in various courts that purport to represent approximately 4,700 individual claimants, a significant reduction from the approximately 8,790 individual claimants with actions pending at March 31, 2008.

 

The vast majority of the lawsuits and claims resolved by and currently pending against the Company allege use of some of the Company’s mask and respirator products and seek damages from the Company and other defendants for alleged personal injury from workplace exposures to asbestos, silica, coal or other occupational dusts found in products manufactured by other defendants or generally in the workplace. A minority of claimants generally allege personal injury from occupational exposure to asbestos from products previously manufactured by the Company, which are often unspecified, as well as products manufactured by other defendants, or occasionally at Company premises.

 

Since approximately 2006, the Company has experienced a significant decline in the number of new claims filed annually by apparently unimpaired claimants. The Company attributes this decline to several factors, including certain changes enacted in several states in recent years of the law governing asbestos-related claims, and the highly-publicized decision in mid-2005 of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas that identified and criticized abuses by certain attorneys, doctors and x-ray screening companies on behalf of primarily unimpaired claimants, many of whom were recruited by plaintiffs’ lawyers through mass chest x-ray screenings. The Company expects the filing of claims by unimpaired claimants in the future to continue at much lower levels than in the past. The Company believes that due to this change in the type and volume of incoming claims, it is likely that the number of claims alleging more serious injuries, including mesothelioma and other malignancies, while remaining relatively constant, will represent a greater percentage of total claims than in the past. The Company has demonstrated in past trial proceedings that its respiratory protection products are effective as claimed when used in the intended manner and in the intended circumstances. Consequently the Company believes that claimants are unable to establish that their medical conditions, even if significant, are attributable to the Company’s respiratory protection products. Nonetheless the Company’s litigation experience indicates that such claims are costlier to resolve than the claims of unimpaired persons, and it therefore anticipates an increase in the average cost of resolving pending and future

 

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claims on a per-claim basis than it experienced in prior periods when the vast majority of claims were asserted by the unimpaired.

 

Respirator Mask/Asbestos Litigation – Aearo Technologies

 

On April 1, 2008, a subsidiary of the Company purchased the stock of Aearo Holding Corp., the parent of Aearo Technologies (“Aearo”).  Aearo manufactures and sells various products, including personal protection equipment, such as eye, ear, head, face, fall and respiratory protection products.

 

As of June 30, 2008, Aearo and/or other companies that previously owned and operated Aearo’s respirator business (American Optical Corporation, Warner-Lambert LLC, AO Corp. and Cabot Corporation (“Cabot”)) are named defendants, with multiple co-defendants, including the Company, in numerous lawsuits in various courts in which plaintiffs allege use of mask and respirator products and seek damages from Aearo and other defendants for alleged personal injury from workplace exposures to asbestos, silica-related, or other occupational dusts found in products manufactured by other defendants or generally in the workplace.

 

As of June 30, 2008, the Company, through its newly acquired Aearo subsidiary, has recorded approximately $8 million as an estimate of the probable liabilities, for product liabilities and defense costs related to current and future Aearo-related asbestos and silica-related claims. This amount is based upon the current allocation of the Aearo purchase price which, as indicated in Note 2, is considered preliminary. Responsibility for legal costs, as well as for settlements and judgments, is currently shared in an informal arrangement among Aearo, Cabot, American Optical Corporation and a subsidiary of Warner Lambert and their insurers (the “Payor Group”). Liability is allocated among the parties based on the number of years each company sold respiratory products under the “AO Safety” brand and/or owned the AO Safety Division of American Optical Corporation and the alleged years of exposure of the individual plaintiff. Aearo’s share of the contingent liability is further limited by an agreement entered into between Aearo and Cabot on July 11, 1995. This agreement provides that, so long as Aearo pays to Cabot an annual fee of $400,000, Cabot will retain responsibility and liability for, and indemnify Aearo against, asbestos and silica-related product liability claims for respirators manufactured prior to July 11, 1995. Since the date of manufacture for a particular respirator allegedly used in the past is often difficult to determine, the parties have applied the agreement to claims arising out of the use of respirators while exposed to asbestos or silica or products containing asbestos or silica prior to January 1, 1997. With these arrangements in place, Aearo’s potential liability is limited to exposures alleged to have arisen from the use of respirators while exposed to asbestos, silica or other “related long latency diseases” on or after January 1, 1997.

 

To date, Aearo has elected to pay the annual fee. Aearo could potentially be exposed to additional claims for some part of the pre-July 11, 1995 period covered by its agreement with Cabot if Aearo elects to discontinue its participation in this arrangement, or if Cabot is no longer able to meet its obligations in these matters.

 

As discussed above, the current estimate of the cost of Aearo’s share of existing and future respirator liability claims is preliminary. In addition, developments may occur that could affect the estimate of Aearo’s liabilities. These developments include, but are not limited to: (i) significant changes in the number of future claims, (ii) significant changes in the average cost of resolving claims, (iii) significant changes in the legal costs of defending these claims, (iv) significant changes in the mix and nature of claims received, (v) trial and appellate outcomes, (vi) significant changes in the law and procedure applicable to these claims, (vii) significant changes in the liability allocation among the co-defendants, (viii) the financial viability of members of the Payor Group including exhaustion of available coverage limits, (ix) the outcome of the pending insurance coverage litigation among certain other members of the Payor Group and their respective insurers, and (x) a determination that the interpretation of the contractual obligations on which Aearo has estimated its share of liability is inaccurate. The Company cannot determine the impact of these potential developments on its current estimate of Aearo’s share of liability for these existing and future claims. If any of the developments described above were to occur, the actual amount of these liabilities for existing and future claims could be significantly larger than the reserved amount.

 

Employment Litigation

 

As previously reported, one current and one former employee of the Company filed a purported class action in the District Court of Ramsey County, Minnesota, in December 2004, seeking to represent a class of all current and certain former salaried employees employed by 3M in Minnesota below a certain salary grade who were age 46 or older at any time during the applicable period to be determined by the Court. The complaint alleges the plaintiffs suffered various forms of employment discrimination on the basis of age in violation of the Minnesota Human Rights Act and seeks injunctive relief, unspecified compensatory damages (which they seek to treble under the statute), including back and front pay, punitive damages (limited by statute to $8,500 per claimant) and attorneys’ fees. In January 2006, the plaintiffs filed a motion to join four additional named plaintiffs. This motion was unopposed by the Company and the four plaintiffs were joined in the case, although one claim has been dismissed following an individual settlement. The class certification hearing was held in December 2007. On April 11, 2008, the Court granted the plaintiffs’ motion to certify the case as a class action and defined the class as all persons who were 46 or older when employed by 3M

 

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in Minnesota in a salaried exempt position below a certain salary grade at any time on or after May 10, 2003, and who did not sign a document on their last day of employment purporting to release claims arising out of their employment with 3M.  No trial date or calendar of pretrial proceedings has been set at this time. On June 25, 2008, the Minnesota Court of Appeals granted the Company’s petition for interlocutory review of the District Court’s decision granting class certification in the case. While the appeal is pending, all other activity on the case is stayed.

 

A similar age discrimination purported class action was filed against the Company in November 2005 in the Superior Court of Essex County, New Jersey, on behalf of a class of New Jersey-based employees of the Company. The Company removed this case to the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey. On June 29, 2007, the attorneys for the plaintiff amended their complaint and dropped the class action allegations. The parties resolved this matter and in May 2008 the lawsuit was dismissed with prejudice.

 

In addition, three former employees filed age discrimination charges against the Company with the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and the pertinent state agencies in Minnesota and California during 2005; two of these charges were amended in 2006. Such filings include allegations that the release of claims signed by certain former employees in the purported class defined in the charges is invalid for various reasons and assert age discrimination claims on behalf of certain current and former salaried employees in states other than Minnesota and New Jersey. In 2006, one current employee filed an age discrimination charge against the Company with the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and the pertinent state agency in Missouri, asserting claims on behalf of a class of all current and certain former salaried employees who worked in Missouri and other states other than Minnesota and New Jersey. The same law firm represents the plaintiffs and claimants in each of these proceedings.

 

Environmental Matters and Litigation

 

The Company’s operations are subject to environmental laws and regulations including those pertaining to air emissions, wastewater discharges, toxic substances, and the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes enforceable by national, state, and local authorities around the world, and private parties in the United States and abroad. These laws and regulations provide, under certain circumstances, a basis for the remediation of contamination and for personal injury and property damage claims. The Company has incurred, and will continue to incur, costs and capital expenditures in complying with these laws and regulations, defending personal injury and property damage claims, and modifying its business operations in light of its environmental responsibilities. In its effort to satisfy its environmental responsibilities and comply with environmental laws and regulations, the Company has established, and periodically updates, policies relating to environmental standards of performance for its operations worldwide.

 

Remediation: Under certain environmental laws, including the United States Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 and similar state laws, the Company may be jointly and severally liable, typically with other companies, for the costs of environmental contamination at current or former facilities and at off-site locations. The Company has identified numerous locations, most of which are in the United States, at which it may have some liability. Please refer to the “Environmental remediation liabilities” in the table in the following section, “Accrued Liabilities and Insurance Receivables Related to Legal Proceedings,” for information on the amount of the reserve.

 

Regulatory Activities: As previously reported, the Company has been voluntarily cooperating with ongoing reviews by local, state, national (primarily the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)), and international agencies of possible environmental and health effects of perfluorooctanyl compounds (“PFCs”) (perflurooctanoic acid or “PFOA” and perfluorooctane sulfonate or “PFOS”) and related compounds. As a result of its phase-out decision in May 2000, the Company no longer manufactures perfluorooctanyl compounds, except that a subsidiary recovers and recycles PFOA in Gendorf, Germany, for internal use in production processes and has agreed to a product stewardship initiative with the EPA to end its use of PFOA by 2015.

 

Regulatory activities concerning PFOA and/or PFOS continue in Europe and elsewhere, and before certain international bodies. These activities include gathering of exposure and use information, risk assessment, and consideration of regulatory approaches. In December 2006, the European Union adopted an amendment to the Marketing and Use Directive to limit use of PFOS. Member States were required to enact the Directive into national law by December 27, 2007 with an effective date of June 27, 2008.

 

As previously reported, the Minnesota Department of Health (“MDH”) detected low levels of another perfluoronated compound called perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) in municipal wells (and in private wells as announced by the MDH in June 2007) in six nearby communities (Woodbury, Cottage Grove, Newport, St. Paul Park, South St. Paul, and Hastings, all communities located southeast of St. Paul), some of which slightly exceeded the MDH’s interim advisory level for PFBA of 1 part per billion (ppb). In February 2008, the MDH established a health-based value (HBV) for PFBA of 7 ppb based on a clearer understanding of PFBA through the results of three major studies and sampling more than 1,000 private wells. An HBV is the amount of a chemical in drinking water considered by the MDH staff to be safe for people to drink for a lifetime. As a result of this new HBV for PFBA, well advisories will no longer be required for

 

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certain wells in the Minnesota communities of Lake Elmo, Oakdale and Cottage Grove. Residents in the affected communities where the levels of PFBA in private wells exceed the HBV either have been provided water treatment systems or connected to a city water system. As part of legislation passed during the 2007 Minnesota legislative session directing the MDH to develop and implement a statewide Environmental Health Tracking and Biomonitoring program, the MDH announced in July 2008 that it will measure the amount of PFCs in the blood of 200 adults who live in the Minnesota communities of Oakdale, Lake Elmo and Cottage Grove.

 

The Company continues to work with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) pursuant to the terms of the previously disclosed May 2007 Settlement Agreement and Consent Order to address the presence of perfluoronated compounds in the soil and groundwater at former disposal sites in Washington County Minnesota and at the Company’s manufacturing facility at Cottage Grove Minnesota. Under this agreement, the Company’s principal obligations include (i) evaluation of releases of perfluoronated compounds from these sites and propose response actions; (ii) providing alternative drinking water if and when an HBV or Health Risk Limit (“HRL”) (i.e., the amount of a chemical in drinking water determined by the MDH to be safe for people to drink for a lifetime) is exceeded for any perfluoronated compounds as a result of contamination from these sites; (iii) remediation of any source of PFBA and provide alternative drinking water if and when levels are found above an HBV or HRL; and (iv) sharing information with the MPCA about perfluoronated compounds.

 

The Company entered into a voluntary remedial action agreement with the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM) to address the presence of PFCs in the soil on the Company’s manufacturing facility in Decatur, Alabama.  For approximately twenty years, the Company incorporated wastewater treatment plant sludge containing PFCs in fields surrounding its Decatur facility pursuant to a permit issued by ADEM.  After a review of the available options to address the presence of PFCs in the soil, ADEM agreed that the preferred remediation option is to use a multilayer cap over the former sludge incorporation areas on the manufacturing site with groundwater migration controls and treatment.

 

Please refer to the “Other environmental liabilities” in the table in the following section, “Accrued Liabilities and Insurance Receivables Related to Legal Proceedings” for information on the amount of the reserve established to implement the Settlement Agreement and Consent Order with the MPCA, the remedial action agreement with ADEM, and to address trace amounts of perfluorinated compounds in drinking water sources in the City of Oakdale and Lake Elmo, Minnesota, as well as presence in the soil and groundwater at the Company’s manufacturing facilities in Decatur, Alabama, and Cottage Grove, Minnesota, and at two former disposal sites in Minnesota.

 

The Company cannot predict what regulatory actions arising from the foregoing proceedings and activities, if any, may be taken regarding such compounds or the consequences of any such actions.

 

Litigation: As previously reported, a former employee filed a purported class action lawsuit in 2002 in the Circuit Court of Morgan County, Alabama, involving perfluorooctanyl chemistry, alleging that the plaintiffs suffered fear, increased risk, subclinical injuries, and property damage from exposure to perfluorooctanyl chemistry at or near the Company’s Decatur, Alabama, manufacturing facility. The Circuit Court in 2005 granted the Company’s motion to dismiss the named plaintiff’s personal injury-related claims on the basis that such claims are barred by the exclusivity provisions of the state’s Workers Compensation Act. The plaintiffs’ counsel filed an amended complaint in November 2006, limiting the case to property damage claims on behalf of a purported class of residents and property owners in the vicinity of the Decatur plant. Also in 2005, the judge in a second purported class action lawsuit (filed by three residents of Morgan County, Alabama, seeking unstated compensatory and punitive damages involving alleged damage to their property from emissions of perfluorooctanyl compounds from the Company’s Decatur, Alabama, manufacturing facility that formerly manufactured those compounds) granted the Company’s motion to abate the case, effectively putting the case on hold pending the resolution of class certification issues in the action described above filed in the same court in 2002. Despite the stay, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint seeking damages for alleged personal injuries and property damage on behalf of the named plaintiffs and the members of a purported class.  No further action in the case is expected unless and until the stay is lifted.

 

As previously reported, two residents of Washington County, Minnesota, filed in October 2004 a purported class action in the District Court of Washington County on behalf of Washington county residents who have allegedly suffered personal injuries and property damage from alleged emissions from the former perfluorooctanyl production facility at Cottage Grove, Minnesota, and from historic waste disposal sites in the vicinity of that facility. After the District Court granted the Company’s motion to dismiss the claims for medical monitoring and public nuisance in April 2005, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint adding additional allegations involving other perfluorinated compounds manufactured by the Company, alleging additional legal theories in support of their claims, adding four plaintiffs, and seeking relief based on alleged contamination of the City of Oakdale municipal water supply and certain private wells in the vicinity of Lake Elmo, Minnesota. In April 2006, the plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint adding two additional plaintiffs. The two original plaintiffs thereafter dismissed their claims against the Company.  After a hearing on the plaintiffs’ motion to certify the case as a class action at the end of March 2007,

 

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the Court on June 19, 2007 denied the plaintiffs’ motion to certify the litigation as a class action. The trial of the individual cases is scheduled for the first half of 2009.

 

Accrued Liabilities and Insurance Receivables Related to Legal Proceedings

 

The following table shows the major categories of on-going litigation, environmental remediation and other environmental liabilities for which the Company has been able to estimate its probable liability and for which the Company has taken reserves and the related insurance receivables:

 

LIABILITY AND RECEIVABLE BALANCES

 

 

 

June 30

 

Dec. 31

 

(Millions)

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Breast implant liabilities

 

$

2

 

$

1

 

Breast implant insurance receivables

 

15

 

64

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Respirator mask/asbestos liabilities

 

112

 

121

 

Respirator mask/asbestos insurance receivables

 

214

 

332

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Environmental remediation liabilities

 

36

 

37

 

Environmental remediation insurance receivables

 

15

 

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other environmental liabilities

 

$

147

 

$

147

 

 

For those significant pending legal proceedings that do not appear in the table and that are not the subject of pending settlement agreements, the Company has determined that liability is not probable or the amount of the liability is not estimable, or both, and the Company is unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss at this time. The amounts in the preceding table with respect to environmental remediation represent the Company’s best estimate of the liability. The Company does not believe that there is any single best estimate of the respirator mask/asbestos liability or the other environmental liabilities shown above, nor that it can reliably estimate the amount or range of amounts by which those liabilities may exceed the reserves the Company has established.

 

On January 5, 2007 the Company was served with a declaratory judgment action filed on behalf of two of its insurers (Continental Casualty and Continental Insurance Co. – both part of the Continental Casualty Group) disclaiming coverage for respirator mask/asbestos claims. These insurers represent approximately $14 million of the $214 million insurance recovery receivable referenced in the above table. The action was filed in Hennepin County, Minnesota and names, in addition to the Company, over 60 of the Company’s insurers. This action is similar in nature to an action filed in 1994 with respect to breast implant coverage, which ultimately resulted in the Minnesota Supreme Court’s ruling of 2003 that was largely in the Company’s favor.  At the Company’s request, the case was transferred to Ramsey County, over the objections of the insurers.  The Minnesota Supreme Court heard oral argument of the insurers’ appeal of that decision in March 2008 and ruled in May 2008 that the proper venue of that case is Ramsey County.

 

As a result of settlements reached with its insurers, the Company was paid $104 million in the second quarter and the Company currently has agreements in place to receive another $44 million in payments over the next four quarters in connection with the respirator mask/asbestos receivable.

 

NOTE 12. Management Stock Ownership Program (MSOP) and General Employees’ Stock Purchase Plan (GESPP)

 

In May 2008, shareholders approved 35 million shares for issuance under the “3M 2008 Long-Term Incentive Plan”, which replaced and succeeded the 2005 MSOP, the 3M Performance Unit Plan, and the 1992 Directors Stock Ownership Program. Shares under this plan may be issued in the form of Incentive Stock Options, Nonqualified Stock Options, Progressive Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Other Stock Awards, and Performance Units and Performance Shares. Awards denominated in shares of common stock other than options and Stock Appreciation Rights, per the 2008 Plan, will be counted against the 35 million share limit as 3.38 shares for every one share covered by such award. The remaining total MSOP shares available for grant under the 2008 Long Term Incentive Plan Program are 26,631,102 as of June 30, 2008. The Company issues options to eligible employees annually in May using the closing stock price on the grant date, which is the date of the Annual Stockholders’ Meeting. In addition to these annual grants, the Company makes other minor grants of stock options, restricted stock units and other stock-based grants.

 

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Effective with the May 2005 MSOP annual grant, the Company changed its vesting period from one to three years with the expiration date remaining at 10 years from date of grant. Beginning in 2007, the Company reduced the number of traditional stock options granted under the MSOP plan by reducing the number of employees eligible to receive annual grants and by shifting a portion of the annual grant away from traditional stock options primarily to restricted stock units. However, associated with the reduction in the number of eligible employees, the Company provided a one-time “buyout” grant of restricted stock units to the impacted employees. The income tax benefits shown in the following table can fluctuate by period due to the amount of Incentive Stock Options (ISO) exercised since the Company receives the ISO tax benefit upon exercise. The Company last granted ISO in 2002. Amounts recognized in the financial statements with respect to both the MSOP and GESPP (refer to Note 15 in 3M’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 19, 2008) are as follows:

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

Six months ended

 

 

 

June 30

 

June 30

 

(Millions, except per share amounts)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

Cost of sales

 

$

17

 

$

18

 

$

26

 

$

26

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

47

 

60

 

73

 

79

 

Research, development and related expenses

 

15

 

18

 

23

 

24

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Income (Loss)

 

$

(79

)

$

(96

)

$

(122

)

$

(129

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax benefits

 

$

34

 

$

44

 

$

51

 

$

57

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Income (Loss)

 

$

(45

)

$

(52

)

$

(71

)

$

(72

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings per share impact– diluted

 

$

(0.06

)

$

(0.07

)

$

(0.10

)

$

(0.10

)

 

The following table summarizes MSOP stock option activity during the six months ended June 30, 2008:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Remaining

 

Aggregate

 

 

 

Number of

 

Exercise

 

Contractual

 

Intrinsic Value

 

Stock Options

 

Options

 

Price*

 

Life* (months)

 

(millions)

 

Under option –

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

January 1

 

74,613,051

 

$

70.50

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Annual

 

5,239,660

 

77.22

 

 

 

 

 

Progressive (Reload)

 

74,867

 

80.02

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

8,572

 

80.80

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(3,368,366

)

49.25

 

 

 

 

 

Canceled

 

(397,069

)

77.32

 

 

 

 

 

June 30

 

76,170,715

 

$

71.87

 

66

 

$

389

 

Options exercisable

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

June 30

 

63,659,712

 

$

69.86

 

58

 

$

389

 

 


*Weighted average

 

As of June 30, 2008, there was $128 million of compensation expense that has yet to be recognized related to non-vested stock option based awards. This expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining vesting period with a weighted-average life of 1.9 years. The total intrinsic values of stock options exercised during the six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, was $100 million and $244 million, respectively. Cash received from options exercised was $166 million and $443 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company’s actual tax benefits realized for the tax deductions related to the exercise of employee stock options were $28 million and $71 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Capitalized stock-based compensation amounts were not material at June 30, 2008.

 

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For annual stock options, the weighted average fair value at the date of grant was calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the assumptions that follow.

 

 

 

Annual

 

Stock Option Assumptions

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Exercise price

 

$

77.22

 

$

84.79

 

$

87.23

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

3.1

%

4.6

%

5.0

%

Dividend yield

 

2.0

%

2.1

%

2.0

%

Expected volatility

 

21.7

%

20.0

%

20.0

%

Expected life (months)

 

70

 

69

 

69

 

Black-Scholes fair value

 

$

15.28

 

$

18.12

 

$

19.81

 

 

Expected volatility is a statistical measure of the amount by which a stock price is expected to fluctuate during a period. For the 2008, 2007 and 2006 annual grant date, the Company estimated the expected volatility based upon the average of the most recent one year volatility, the median of the term of the expected life rolling volatility, the median of the most recent term of the expected life volatility of 3M stock, and the implied volatility on the grant date. The expected term assumption is based on the weighted average of historical grants.

 

As previously mentioned, beginning with the May 2007 MSOP Annual Grant, the Company expanded its utilization of restricted stock units. Restricted stock unit grants do not accrue dividends during the vesting period and vest at the end of three years. The one-time “buyout” restricted stock unit grant in 2007 vests at the end of five years. The following table summarizes MSOP restricted stock and restricted stock unit activity during the six months ended June 30, 2008:

 

Restricted Stock and
Restricted Stock Units

 

Number of
Awards

 

Grant Date
Fair Value*

 

Nonvested balance –

 

 

 

 

 

As of January 1

 

2,001,581