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TABLE OF CONTENTS 2
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-K
ý | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010 |
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or |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the transition period from to |
Commission File Number 001-16625
BUNGE LIMITED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Bermuda (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
98-0231912 (IRS Employer Identification No.) |
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50 Main Street White Plains, New York USA (Address of principal executive offices) |
10606 (Zip Code) |
(914) 684-2800
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Name of each exchange on which registered | |
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Common Shares, par value $.01 per share | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Act. Yes o No ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act: Large Accelerated filer ý Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer (do not check if a smaller reporting company) o Smaller reporting company o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No ý
The aggregate market value of registrant's common shares held by non-affiliates, based upon the closing price of our common shares on the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, June 30, 2010, as reported by the New York Stock Exchange, was approximately $7,048 million. Common shares held by executive officers and directors and persons who own 10% or more of the issued and outstanding common shares have been excluded since such persons may be deemed affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not a determination for any other purpose.
As of February 18, 2011, 146,843,806 Common Shares, par value $.01 per share were issued and outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the proxy statement for the 2011 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 27, 2011 are incorporated by reference into Part III.
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Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a "safe harbor" for forward-looking statements to encourage companies to provide prospective information to investors. This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes forward-looking statements that reflect our current expectations and projections about our future results, performance, prospects and opportunities. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical in nature. We have tried to identify these forward-looking statements by using words including "may," "will," "should," "could," "expect," "anticipate," "believe," "plan," "intend," "estimate," "continue" and similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that could cause our actual results, performance, prospects or opportunities to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements. These factors include the risks, uncertainties, trends and other factors discussed under the headings "Item 1A. Risk Factors," as well as "Item 1. Business," "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including:
In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report. Additional risks that we may currently deem immaterial or that are not presently known to us could also cause the forward-looking events discussed in this Annual Report not to occur. Except as otherwise required by applicable securities laws, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances or any other reason after the date of this Annual Report.
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References in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to "Bunge Limited," "Bunge," "we," "us" and "our" refer to Bunge Limited and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise indicates.
Business Overview
We are a leading global agribusiness and food company operating in the farm-to-consumer food chain. We believe that we are a leading:
We conduct our operations in four divisions: agribusiness, sugar and bioenergy, food and ingredients and fertilizer. These divisions include five reportable business segments: agribusiness, sugar and bioenergy, edible oil products, milling products and fertilizer.
Our agribusiness segment is an integrated business principally involved in the purchase, storage, transport, processing and sale of agricultural commodities and commodity products. Our agribusiness operations and assets are primarily located in North and South America, Europe and Asia, and we have merchandising and distribution offices throughout the world.
Our sugar and bioenergy segment produces and sells sugar and ethanol derived from sugarcane, as well as energy derived from sugarcane bagasse, through our operations in Brazil. Our integrated operations in this segment also include international trading and merchandising of sugar and ethanol, and we have minority investments in corn-based ethanol producers in the United States.
Our food and ingredients operations consist of two reportable business segments: edible oil products and milling products. These segments include businesses that produce and sell edible oils, shortenings, margarines, mayonnaise and milled products such as wheat flours, corn-based products and rice. The operations and assets of our milling products segment are located in Brazil and the United States, and the operations and assets of our edible oil products segment are primarily located in North America, Europe, Brazil, China and India.
Our fertilizer segment is involved in producing, blending and distributing fertilizer products for the agricultural industry primarily in South America.
History and Development of the Company
We are a limited liability company formed under the laws of Bermuda. We are registered with the Registrar of Companies in Bermuda under registration number EC20791. We trace our history back to 1818 when we were founded as a trading company in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. During the second half of the 1800s, we expanded our grain operations in Europe and also entered the South American agricultural commodity market. In 1888, we entered the South American food products industry, and in 1938 we entered the fertilizer industry in Brazil. We started our U.S. operations in 1923. In 1997, we acquired Ceval Alimentos, a leading agribusiness company in Brazil. In 2002, with the acquisition of Cereol S.A., we significantly expanded our agribusiness and food and ingredients presence in Europe as well as North America. In 2010, we significantly expanded our presence in the sugar industry with our
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acquisition of five sugarcane mills from the Moema Group in Brazil. We also divested our Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets in Brazil.
We are a holding company and substantially all of our operations are conducted through our subsidiaries. Our principal executive offices and corporate headquarters are located at 50 Main Street, White Plains, New York, 10606, United States of America and our telephone number is (914) 684-2800. Our registered office is located at 2 Church Street, Hamilton, HM 11, Bermuda.
Agribusiness
Overview. Our agribusiness segment is an integrated business involved in the purchase, storage, transport, processing and sale of agricultural commodities and commodity products. The principal agricultural commodities that we handle in this segment are oilseeds and grains, primarily soybeans, rapeseed or canola, sunflower seed, wheat and corn. We process oilseeds into vegetable oils and protein meals, principally for the food and animal feed industries, as further described below. We also participate in the biodiesel industry, generally as a minority investor in biodiesel producers in Europe, Argentina and the United States. In connection with these biodiesel investments, we typically seek to negotiate arrangements to supply the vegetable oils used as raw materials in the biodiesel production process. In 2010, we acquired five grain elevators in the United States, as well as two oilseed processing facilities in Turkey. We are currently constructing our fourth oilseed processing facility in China, located in Taixing in the Lower Yangtze region and are building an integrated soybean processing and oil refining plant within the Phu My Port complex in Vietnam, which we expect to become operational in 2011. (For more information on the Phu My Port complex, see "Distribution and Logistics" below).
Customers. We sell agricultural commodities and processed commodity products to customers throughout the world. The principal purchasers of our oilseeds and grains are animal feed manufacturers, wheat and corn millers and other oilseed processors. The principal purchasers of our oilseed meal products are animal feed manufacturers and livestock, poultry and aquaculture producers that use these products as animal feed ingredients. As a result, our agribusiness operations benefit from global demand for meat products, primarily poultry and pork products. The principal purchasers of the unrefined vegetable oils produced in this segment are our own food and ingredients division and third-party edible oil processing companies which use these oils as a raw material. These oils are used by our customers to produce a variety of edible oil products for the foodservice, food processor and retail markets. In addition, we sell oil products for various non-food uses, including industrial applications and the production of biodiesel.
Distribution and Logistics. We have developed an extensive logistics network to transport our products, including trucks, railcars, river barges and ocean freight vessels. Typically, we either lease the transportation assets that we utilize or enter into contracts with third parties for these services. To better serve our customer base and improve our global distribution and logistics capabilities, we have made and will continue to make selective investments in port logistics and storage facilities. For example, we have a 51% interest in a joint venture with Itochu and STX Pan Ocean Co. to build and operate a state-of-the-art export grain terminal in the Port of Longview, Washington, in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, which we expect to become operational in time for the 2011 U.S. harvest. This facility, together with grain facilities being constructed by the joint venture in Montana, will provide us with additional capacity to serve our operations and customers in Asia. We also have a 50% equity interest in the owner/operator of the Phu My Port in Vietnam, the only dry bulk port in that country capable of receiving large, Panamax class ships. We also operate other port facilities, including in Brazil, Argentina, Russia, Ukraine, Canada and the United States.
Other Services and Activities. In Brazil, where there are limited third-party financing sources available to farmers for their annual production of crops, we provide financing services to farmers from whom we purchase soybeans and other agricultural commodities through prepaid commodity purchase
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contracts and advances. These financing arrangements are generally intended to be short-term in nature, and are typically secured by the farmer's crop, as well as land and other assets to provide a means of repayment in the potential event of crop failure or shortfall. These arrangements typically carry local market interest rates. Our farmer financing activities are an integral part of our grain origination and oilseed processing activities as they help assure the annual supply of raw materials for our Brazilian agribusiness operations. We also participate in financial activities, such as offering trade structured finance, which leverages our international trade flows, providing risk management services to customers by assisting them with managing price exposure to agricultural commodities and developing private investment vehicles to invest in businesses complementary to our commodities operations.
Raw Materials. We purchase the oilseeds and grains used in our agribusiness operations either directly from farmers or indirectly through intermediaries. Although the availability and price of agricultural commodities may, in any given year, be affected by unpredictable factors such as weather, government programs and policies, and farmer planting decisions, our operations in major crop growing regions globally has enabled us to source adequate raw materials for our operational needs.
Competition. Due to their commodity nature, markets for our agribusiness products are highly competitive and are also subject to product substitution. Competition is principally based on price, quality, product and service offerings and geographic location. Major competitors in our agribusiness operations include The Archer Daniels Midland Co. (ADM), Cargill Incorporated (Cargill), Louis Dreyfus Group, large regional companies, such as Wilmar International Limited and Noble Group Limited in Asia, and smaller agricultural cooperatives and trading companies in various countries.
Sugar and Bioenergy
Overview. We are a leading integrated producer of sugar and ethanol in Brazil, and a leading global trader and merchandiser of sugar. We wholly-own or have controlling interests in eight sugarcane mills in Brazil, five of which were acquired in 2010 as part of the Moema transaction described below. As of December 31, 2010, our mills had a total crushing capacity of approximately 21 million metric tons per year. We grow and harvest sugarcane, as well as source sugarcane from third parties, which is then processed in our mills to produce sugar, ethanol and electricity. As of December 31, 2010, our overall sugarcane plantations comprised approximately 157,000 hectares, including both owned and leased land. Through cogeneration facilities at all of our sugarcane mills, we produce energy through the burning of sugarcane bagasse in boilers, which enables our mills to be self-sufficient in terms of their energy needs and, for most mills, sell surplus electricity to the local grid or other third parties. Our trading and merchandising activities are managed through our London trading office, which also oversees regional trading and marketing offices in other locations. The London trading office also manages sugar price risk for our business. We also participate in the U.S. corn-based ethanol industry, primarily as a minority investor in ethanol producers. As with our investments in biodiesel producers, we typically seek to negotiate arrangements to supply the corn used in the ethanol production process, and to market the DDGS (dried distillers grits with solubles) produced as a by-product of the ethanol production process, which are used in animal feed. See "Investments in Affiliates" for more information.
In February 2010, we acquired a 100% interest in five sugarcane mills that were formerly part of the Moema Group. The acquired sugarcane mills are located in São Paulo and Minas Gerais states in Brazil. We collectively refer to the acquired entities as Moema. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" for more information on this transaction. We continue to look for opportunities to expand our sugar and bioenergy operations, including in new geographies that offer attractive growth potential.
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Raw materials. Brazil is the largest producer and exporter of sugar in the world, with climate that is favorable for the growth of sugarcane. Once planted, the sugarcane may be harvested for several continuous years, but the usable crop decreases with each subsequent harvest. As a result, the current optimum economic cycle is generally five or six consecutive harvests, depending on location. Additionally, geographical factors, such as soil quality and topography, weather and agricultural practices affect quality of the harvested cane. The annual harvesting cycle in Brazil typically begins in April and ends in December.
We grow sugarcane in Brazil on approximately 24,000 hectares of our own land and 133,000 hectares of leased land. Lease terms are generally for six years and lease payments are based on the market value of the sugarcane set by Consecana, the São Paulo state sugarcane and sugar and ethanol council. In 2010, approximately 56% of our total milled sugarcane came from our owned or leased plantations, with the remaining 44% purchased from third parties at prices established by Consecana, based on the sucrose content of the cane and the market prices of sugar and ethanol. The industry has adopted an index for measuring sugar and ethanol production capacity, the Total Recoverable Sugar, or TRS index, which measures the kilograms of sucrose content per ton of sugarcane. In 2010, the average TRS for our sugar mills was 137.7 kilograms of sugar content per ton of sugarcane. In general, TRS for the Brazilian sugar industry was adversely affected in 2010 due to lack of rain during the sugarcane development stage and excess rains during the latter harvest months at the end of the year.
Our sugarcane harvesting process is currently 86% mechanized, with the remaining 14% harvested manually. Mechanized harvesting does not require burning of the cane prior to harvesting, significantly reducing environmental impact when compared to manual harvesting and resulting in improved soil condition. Mechanized harvesting is also more efficient and has lower costs than manual harvesting. We intend to increase our mechanization levels, including as required to meet applicable regulatory mandates for mechanization in certain states in Brazil.
Logistics. Harvested sugarcane is loaded onto trucks and trailers and transported to our mills. The proximity of our mills to the sugarcane plantations reduces transportation costs and enables us to process the sugarcane quickly after harvesting, thereby maximizing sucrose concentration in the sugarcane, which starts to decrease rapidly after harvesting.
Products. Our mills allow us to produce ethanol, sugar and electricity, as further described below. At mills that produce both sugar and ethanol, we are able to adjust our production mix within certain capacity limits between ethanol and sugar, as well as, for certain mills, between different types of ethanol (hydrous and anhydrous) and sugar (raw and crystal), allowing us to respond to changes in customer demand and market prices.
Sugar. Our current maximum sugar production capacity is 5,750 metric tons per day which, in a normal year of 5,000 hours of milling, results in an annual maximum production capacity of approximately 1.2 metric million tons of sugar. In 2010, we produced approximately 748,000 metric tons of sugar at our mills.
We produce two types of sugar: very high polarization ("VHP") raw sugar and white crystal sugar. VHP sugar is similar to the raw sugar traded in major commodities exchanges, including the standard NY11 contract. The main difference between VHP sugar and NY11 raw sugar is the higher sugar content of VHP sugar, and it therefore commands a price premium over NY11 raw sugar. Crystal sugar is a non-refined white sugar. The VHP sugar we produce is sold almost exclusively for export, while crystal sugar is principally sold domestically in Brazil. Sugar sales comprised 51% of our sales from our mills in 2010.
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Ethanol. Our current maximum ethanol production capacity is 5,500 cubic meters per day which, in a normal year of 5,000 hours of milling, results in an annual ethanol maximum production capacity of over 1.1 million cubic meters of ethanol. In 2010, we produced approximately 680,000 cubic meters of ethanol. We produce and sell two types of ethanol: hydrous and anhydrous. Anhydrous ethanol is blended with gasoline in transport fuels, while hydrous ethanol is itself used as transport fuel. Ethanol sales comprised 43% of our total sales from our mills in 2010.
Electricity. We generate electricity from burning sugarcane bagasse (the fiber portion of sugarcane that remains after the extraction of sugarcane juice) in our mills. As of December 31, 2010, our total installed cogeneration capacity was approximately 144 megawatts, with 51 megawatts available for resale to third parties after supplying our mills' energy requirements. In 2010, we sold approximately 161,000 megawatt hours to the local electricity market from our co-generation facilities.
Customers. Our sugar trading and merchandising operations purchase and sell sugar to meet international demand. As described above, the sugar we produce at our mills is sold either in the Brazilian or export markets. The ethanol we produce in Brazil is marketed and sold to customers primarily for use in the Brazilian market.
Competition. We face competition from both Brazilian and international participants in the sugar industry. Major competitors include British Sugar PLC, Südzucker AG, Cargill, Tereos Group, Sucden Group, ED&F Man, Noble Group Limited, Cosan Limited, São Martinho S.A. and LDC-SEV Bioenergia.
Food and Ingredients
Overview. Our food and ingredients division consists of two reportable business segments: edible oil products and milling products. We primarily sell our products to three customer types or market channels: food processors, foodservice companies and retail outlets. The principal raw materials in our food and ingredients division are various crude and further-processed vegetable oils in our edible oil products segment, and corn and wheat in our milling products segment. These raw materials are agricultural commodities that we either produce or purchase from third parties. We seek to realize synergies between our food and ingredients division and our agribusiness operations through our raw material procurement activities, enabling us to benefit from being an integrated, global enterprise.
Edible Oil Products
Products. Our edible oil products include packaged and bulk oils, shortenings, margarines, mayonnaise and other products derived from the vegetable oil refining process. We primarily use soybean, sunflower and rapeseed or canola oil that we produce in our oilseed processing operations as raw materials in this business. We are a leading seller of packaged vegetable oils worldwide, based on sales. We have edible oil refining and packaging facilities in North America, South America, Europe and Asia.
We sell retail edible oil products in Brazil under a number of brands, including Soya, the leading packaged vegetable oil brand, as well as Primor, Salada, Andorinha and Cocinero. We are also a leading player in the Brazilian margarine market with our brands Delicia, Soya and Primor, as well as in mayonnaise with our Primor, Soya and Salada brands. Our brand Bunge Pro is the top foodservice shortening brand in Brazil. In the United States, our Elite brand is a leading foodservice brand of edible oil products. In addition, we have developed proprietary processes that allow us to offer our customers a number of products with no or low levels of trans-fatty acids and we also work with other companies to expand the trans-fat solutions we offer to customers, including Treus low linolenic soybean oil, which was developed through an alliance with DuPont. In Europe, we are the leader in consumer packaged vegetable oils, which are sold in various geographies under brand names including
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Venusz, Floriol, Kujawski, Olek, Unisol, Ideal, Oleina, Maslenitsa, Oliwier and Rozumnitsa and a leader in margarines, including Smakowita, Maslo Rosline, Manuel, Masmix, Deli Reform, Keiju, Evesol, Linco, Gottgott, Suvela, Holland Premium and Benecol (under license in Poland and Finland). In Asia, our primary edible oil product brands include Dalda, Chambal and Masterline in India and Douweijia brand soybean oil in China. In several regions, we also sell packaged edible oil products to grocery store chains for sale under their own private labels.
Distribution and Customers. Our customers include baked goods companies, snack food producers, restaurant chains, foodservice distributors and other food manufacturers who use vegetable oils and shortenings as inputs in their operations, as well as retail customers.
Competition. The edible oil industry is intensely competitive. Competition is based on a number of factors, including price, raw material procurement, brand recognition, product quality, new product introductions, composition and nutritional value, and advertising and promotion. Our products may compete with widely advertised, well-known, branded products, as well as private label and customized products. In addition, consolidation in the supermarket industry has resulted in those customers demanding lower prices and reducing the number of suppliers with which they do business, and therefore it is increasingly important to obtain adequate access to retail outlets and shelf space for our retail products. In the United States, Brazil and Canada, our principal competitors in the edible oil products business include ADM, Cargill, Associated British Foods plc, Stratas Foods, Unilever, Ventura Foods, LLC and Brasil Foods S.A. In Europe, our principal competitors include ADM, Cargill, Unilever and various local companies in each country.
Milling Products
Products. Our milling products include a variety of wheat flours and bakery mixes in Brazil and corn-based products derived from the corn dry milling process in North America. Our brands in Brazil include Primor, Suprema and Lyra wheat flours and Gradina, Bentamix and Pre-Mescla bakery premixes. Our corn milling products consist primarily of dry milled corn meals, flours and grits (including flaking and brewer's grits), as well as soy-fortified corn meal, corn-soy blend and other similar products. We also produce corn oil and corn animal feed products. In 2010, we acquired Pacific International Rice Mills, a U.S. producer of bulk and packaged milled rice for domestic and export markets, representing our first investment in rice milling. We also sell branded rice in Brazil under the Primor brand.
Distribution and Customers. In Brazil, the primary customers for our wheat milling products are industrial, bakery and foodservice companies. In North America, the primary customers for our corn milling products are companies in the food processing sector, such as cereal, snack, bakery and brewing companies, as well as the U.S. government for humanitarian relief programs. Corn oil and animal feed products are sold to edible oil processors and animal feed manufacturers and users, respectively.
Competition. The wheat and corn milling industries are highly competitive. In Brazil, our major competitors are Pena Branca Alimentos, M. Dias Branco, Moinho Pacifico and Moinho Anaconda, as well as many small regional producers. Our major competitors in our North American corn milling products business include Cargill, Didion Milling Company, SEMO Milling, LLC and Life Line Foods, LLC.
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Fertilizer
Overview. We are a leading blender and distributor of crop fertilizers to farmers in South America, producing and marketing a range of solid and liquid NPK fertilizer formulations. NPK refers to nitrogen (N), phosphate (P) and potash (K), the main components of chemical fertilizers. In Brazil, we blend and distribute NPK fertilizers. In Argentina, we produce, blend and distribute NPK fertilizers, including, following our January 2010 acquisition of the fertilizer business of Petrobras Argentina S.A., liquid and solid nitrogen fertilizers. In North America, we distribute NPK fertilizer products that we source from third-party producers as a wholesaler to other wholesale distributors, retailers and cooperatives. We also have a 50% interest in a joint venture with Office Chérifien des Phosphates, or OCP, to produce fertilizer products in Morocco.
Brazil Fertilizer Nutrients Assets Disposition. In May 2010, we sold our fertilizer nutrients assets in Brazil, including our phosphate mining assets and our investment in Fosfertil S.A., a publicly traded Brazilian phosphate and nitrogen producer, to Vale S.A., a Brazil-based global mining company, which we refer to as Vale. We retained our blending and distribution operations in Brazil. The final sale price in the transaction was $3.9 billion in cash.
In connection with the sale, we entered into several ancillary agreements with Vale, including a supply agreement pursuant to which Vale will supply us with certain phosphate fertilizer products, including single superphosphate (SSP), a basic phosphate fertilizer, through 2012, which may be extended by us to December 31, 2013. We also entered into a transition services agreement pursuant to which we provided administrative services to Vale following the sale. We have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, to certain non-competition provisions with respect to the production of certain fertilizer products, and Vale has agreed not to produce, distribute or commercialize certain fertilizer products, in each case, in Brazil until December 31, 2012, which may be extended in certain circumstances to December 31, 2013.
Products and Services. In our fertilizer operations we produce, blend and distribute NPK formulations primarily to farmers in Brazil, Argentina and neighboring countries, as well as cooperatives and retailers. These NPK fertilizers are used for the cultivation of a variety of crops, including soybeans, corn, sugarcane, cotton, wheat and coffee. In Brazil, we market our retail fertilizers under the IAP, Manah, Ouro Verde and Serrana brands. In Argentina, we market fertilizers under the Bunge brand, as well as the Solmix brand. Also in Argentina, we produce SSP, as well as ammonia, urea and liquid fertilizers. In North America, we are a fertilizer wholesaler. In January 2011, we formed a joint venture with Growmark, Inc., a North American regional agricultural cooperative, to acquire a liquid and dry fertilizer storage terminal in Cincinnati, Ohio. The acquisition closed in February 2011.
Raw Materials. Our principal raw materials in this segment are SSP, monoammonium phosphate (MAP), diammonium phosphate (DAP), triple superphosphate (TSP), urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride concentrated phosphate rock, sulfuric acid and natural gas. Our Moroccan joint venture manufactures sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, TSP, MAP and DAP, which primarily serve as a source of raw material supply for our operations in Brazil and Argentina.
The prices of fertilizer raw materials are determined by reference to international prices that reflect global supply and demand factors and global transportation and other logistics costs. Each of these fertilizer raw materials is readily available in the international market from multiple sources.
Distribution and Logistics. We seek to reduce our logistics costs by back-hauling agricultural commodities and processed products from our inland locations to export points after delivery of imported fertilizer raw materials to our fertilizer blending plants. We also seek opportunities to enhance the efficiency of our logistics network by exporting agricultural commodities on the ocean freight vessels that we use to deliver imported fertilizer raw materials to us.
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Competition. As fertilizers are global commodities available from multiple sources, the industry is highly competitive. Fertilizer companies compete principally on delivered price. Additionally, competition is based on product offering and quality, access to raw materials, production efficiency and customer service, including in some cases, customer financing terms. Our main competitors in our fertilizer operations in Brazil are Heringer, Fertipar, The Mosaic Company and Yara International. In Argentina, our main competitors are Repsol YPF, The Mosaic Company and Profertil S.A.
Risk Management
Risk management is a fundamental aspect of our business. Engaging in the hedging of risk exposures and anticipating market developments are critical to protect and enhance our return on assets. We engage in agricultural commodity price hedging to reduce the impact of volatility in the prices of the principal agricultural commodities and processed products we purchase, produce and sell. Our operations use substantial amounts of energy, including natural gas and fuel oil and we engage in energy cost hedging to reduce our exposure to volatility in energy costs. In addition, we enter into freight forward agreements in order to reduce our exposure to volatility in ocean freight costs. We also engage in foreign currency and interest rate hedging. We seek to leverage the market insights that we gain through our global operations across our businesses by actively managing our physical and financial positions on a daily basis. Our risk management decisions take place in various locations but exposure limits are centrally set and monitored. Commodity exposure limits are designed to consider notional exposure to price and relative price (or "basis") volatility, as well as value-at-risk limits. For foreign exchange, interest rate, energy and transportation risk, our positions are hedged in accordance with applicable company policies. Credit and counterparty risk is managed locally within our business units and monitored centrally. We have a corporate risk management group, which oversees management of our risk exposures globally, as well as local risk managers and committees in our operating companies. The finance and risk policy committee of our board of directors supervises and reviews our overall risk management policies and risk limits. See "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk."
Operating Segments and Geographic Areas
We have included financial information about our reportable segments and our operations by geographic area in Note 27 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements.
Investments in Affiliates
We participate in several unconsolidated joint ventures and other investments accounted for on the equity method, the most significant of which are described below. We allocate equity in earnings of affiliates to our reporting segments.
Agribusiness
Terminal 6 S.A. and Terminal 6 Industrial S.A. We have a joint venture in Argentina with Aceitera General Deheza S.A. (AGD), for the operation of the Terminal 6 port facility located in the Santa Fe province of Argentina. We are also a party to a second joint venture with AGD that operates a crushing facility located adjacent to the Terminal 6 port facility. We own 40% and 50%, respectively, of these joint ventures. In 2010, Ecofuel S.A., in which Bunge was a 50% owner, with the remaining 50% owned by AGD, merged with Terminal 6 Industrial S.A. Ecofuel manufactured biodiesel products in the Santa Fe province of Argentina.
The Solae Company. Solae is a joint venture with E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. Solae is engaged in the global production and distribution of soy-based ingredients, including soy proteins and lecithins. We have a 28.06% interest in Solae.
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Diester Industries International S.A.S. (DII). We are a party to a joint venture with Diester Industries, a subsidiary of Sofiproteol, specializing in the production and merchandising of biodiesel in Europe. We have a 40% interest in DII.
Biodiesel Bilbao S.A. We have a 20% minority interest in this company, located in Spain, along with Acciona Biocombustibles S.A. This company produces and markets biofuels in Europe.
Huelva Belts SL. We are a 50% owner of this company along with Terminal Maritima de Huelva S.L. in Spain. The company constructs, operates and maintains a mechanical transport system in the port of Huelva, Spain.
Biocolza-Oleos E Farinhas de Colza S.A. We have a 40% minority interest in this company along with Tagol. This company is engaged in rapeseed oil crushing and biodiesel production in Portugal.
Sugar and Bioenergy
Bunge-Ergon Vicksburg, LLC (BEV). We are a 50% owner of BEV along with Ergon Ethanol, Inc. BEV operates an ethanol plant at the Port of Vicksburg, Mississippi, where we operate a grain elevator facility.
Southwest Iowa Renewable Energy, LLC (SIRE). We are a 26% owner of SIRE. The other owners are primarily agricultural producers located in Southwest Iowa. SIRE operates an ethanol plant near our oilseed processing facility at Council Bluffs, Iowa.
Food and Ingredients
Harinera La Espiga, S.A. de C.V. We are a party to this joint venture in Mexico with Grupo Neva, S.A. de C.V. and Cerrollera, S.A. de C.V. The joint venture has wheat milling and bakery dry mix operations in Mexico. We have a 31.5% interest in the joint venture.
Fertilizer
Bunge Maroc Phosphore S.A. We have a 50% interest in this joint venture with Office Cherifien Des Phosphates (OCP). The joint venture was formed to produce fertilizer products in Morocco for shipment to Brazil, Argentina and certain other markets in Latin America.
Research and Development, Patents and Licenses
Our research and development activities are focused on developing products and improving processes that will drive growth or otherwise add value to our core business operations. In our food and ingredients division, we have research and development centers located in the United States, Brazil and Hungary to develop and enhance technology and processes associated with food and ingredients development. Additionally, the evolution of biotechnology over the last ten years has created opportunities to develop and commercialize processes related to the transformation of grains, oilseeds and other commodities. To better take advantage of related opportunities, our global innovation activities involve scouting, developing, buying, selling and/or licensing next generation technologies in food, feed, fuel and fertilizer.
Our total research and development expenses were $24 million in 2010, $26 million in 2009 and $35 million in 2008. As of December 31, 2010, our research and development organization consisted of approximately 132 employees worldwide.
We own trademarks on the majority of the brands we produce in our food and ingredients and fertilizer divisions. We typically obtain long-term licenses for the remainder. We have patents covering some of our products and manufacturing processes. However, we do not consider any of these patents to be material to our business. We believe we have taken appropriate steps to be the owner of or to be entitled to use all intellectual property rights necessary to carry out our business.
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Seasonality and Working Capital Needs
In our agribusiness segment, while there is a degree of seasonality in the growing season and procurement of our principal raw materials, such as oilseeds and grains, we typically do not experience material fluctuations in volume between the first and second half of the year since we are geographically diversified between the northern and southern hemispheres, and we sell and distribute products throughout the year. However, the first fiscal quarter of the year is typically our weakest quarter in terms of financial results due to the timing of the North and South American oilseed harvests, since the North American harvest is completed in the fourth fiscal quarter and the South American harvest is completed in the second fiscal quarter. As a result, our oilseed processing activities are generally at their lowest levels during the first fiscal quarter.
We experience seasonality in our sugar and bioenergy division as a result of the Brazilian sugarcane growing cycle. In Brazil, the sugarcane harvesting period typically begins in April and ends in early December. This creates fluctuations in our sugar and ethanol inventories, which usually peak in December to cover sales between crop harvests (i.e., January through April). As a result of the above factors, there may be significant variations in our results of operations from one quarter to another.
In our food and ingredients division, there are no significant seasonal effects on our business.
In our fertilizer division, we are subject to seasonal trends based on the South American agricultural growing cycle as farmers typically purchase the bulk of their fertilizer needs in the second half of the year. See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsResults of Operations2010 Overview."
Additionally, price fluctuations and availability of commodities may cause fluctuations in our financial results, inventories, accounts receivable and borrowings over the course of a given year. For example, increased availability of commodities at harvest times often causes fluctuations in our inventories and borrowings. Increases in agricultural commodity prices will also generally cause our cash flow requirements to increase as our operations require increased use of cash to acquire inventories and fund daily settlement requirements on exchange traded futures that we use to hedge our physical inventories.
Government Regulation
We are subject to a variety of laws in each of the countries in which we operate which govern various aspects of our business, including the processing, handling, storage, transport and sale of our products; land-use and ownership of land, including laws regulating the acquisition or leasing of rural properties by certain entities and individuals; and environmental, health and safety matters. To operate our facilities, we must obtain and maintain numerous permits, licenses and approvals from governmental agencies and our facilities are subject to periodic inspection by governmental agencies. In addition, we are subject to other government laws and policies affecting the food and agriculture industries, including food and feed safety, nutritional and labeling requirements and food security policies. From time to time, agricultural production shortfalls in certain regions and growing demand for agricultural commodities for feed, food and fuel use have caused prices for soybeans, vegetable oils, sugar, corn and wheat to rise. High commodity prices and regional crop shortfalls have led and in the future may lead governments to impose price controls, tariffs, export restrictions and other measures designed to assure adequate domestic supplies and/or mitigate price increases in their domestic markets, as well as increase the scrutiny of competitive conditions in their markets. For example, in 2010 a severe drought in eastern Europe led the Russian government to suspend wheat exports from that country. Such regulations and policies could have a significant adverse effect on our business in the future.
In recent years, there has been increased interest globally in the production of biofuels as alternatives to traditional fossil fuels and as a means of promoting energy independence in certain countries. Biofuels convert crops, such as sugarcane, corn, soybeans, palm, rapeseed or canola and
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other oilseeds, into ethanol or biodiesel to extend, enhance or substitute for fossil fuels. Production of biofuels has increased significantly in recent years in response to high fossil fuel prices coupled with government incentives for the production of biofuels that are being offered in many countries, including the United States, Brazil, Argentina and many European countries. Furthermore, in certain countries, governmental authorities are mandating biofuels use in transport fuel at specified levels. As such, the markets for agricultural commodities used in the production of biofuels have become increasingly affected by the growth of the biofuel industry and related legislation.
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "Dodd-Frank Act") was signed into law on July 21, 2010. This new law will significantly change the regulation of financial markets. The Dodd-Frank Act requires various federal agencies to adopt and implement a broad range of new rules and regulations, and to prepare numerous studies and reports for Congress. The Dodd-Frank Act will have a significant impact on the derivatives market, including by subjecting large derivatives users, which may include Bunge, to extensive new oversight and regulation. While it is difficult to predict at this time what specific impact the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations will have on Bunge, they could impose significant additional costs on us relating to derivatives transactions, including operating and compliance costs, and could materially affect the availability, as well as the cost and terms, of certain derivatives transactions.
Environmental Matters
We are subject to various environmental protection and occupational health and safety laws and regulations in the countries in which we operate. Our operations may emit or release certain substances, which may be regulated or limited by applicable laws and regulations. In addition, we handle and dispose of materials and wastes classified as hazardous or toxic by one or more regulatory agencies. Our operations are also subject to laws relating to environmental licensing of facilities, restrictions on land use in certain protected areas, forestry reserve requirements, limitations on the burning of sugarcane and water use. We incur costs to comply with health, safety and environmental regulations applicable to our activities and have made and expect to make substantial capital expenditures on an ongoing basis to continue to ensure our compliance with environmental laws and regulations. However, due to our extensive operations across multiple industries and jurisdictions globally, we are exposed to the risk of claims and liabilities under environmental regulations. Violation of these laws and regulations can result in substantial fines, administrative sanctions, criminal penalties, revocations of operating permits and/or shutdowns of our facilities. Additionally, our business could be affected in the future by regulation or taxation of greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change-related regulations are currently being developed or considered in the United States, as well as in a number of countries who were signatories to the Kyoto Protocol. It is difficult to assess the potential impact of any resulting regulation of greenhouse gas emissions. Potential consequences could include increased energy, transportation and raw material costs and we may be required to make additional investments to modify our facilities, equipment and processes. As a result, the effects of additional climate change regulatory initiatives could have adverse impacts on our business and results of operations. Compliance with environmental laws and regulations did not materially affect our earnings or competitive position in 2010.
Competitive Position
Markets for most of our products are highly price competitive and many are sensitive to product substitution. Please see the "Competition" section contained in the discussion of each of our operating segments above for a discussion of competitive conditions, including our primary competitors in each segment.
Employees
As of December 31, 2010, we had 33,021 employees. Many of our employees are represented by labor unions, and their employment is governed by collective bargaining agreements. In general, we consider our employee relations to be good.
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Risks of Foreign Operations
We are a global business with substantial assets located outside of the United States from which we derive a significant portion of our revenue. Our operations in South America and Europe are a fundamental part of our business. In addition, a key part of our strategy involves expanding our business in several emerging markets, including Eastern Europe and Asia. Volatile economic, political and market conditions in these and other emerging market countries may have a negative impact on our operating results and our ability to achieve our business strategies. For additional information, see the discussion under "Item 1A. Risk Factors."
Insurance
In each country where we conduct business, our operations and assets are subject to varying degrees of risk and uncertainty. Bunge insures its businesses and assets in each country in a manner that it deems appropriate for a company of our size and activities, based on an analysis of the relative risks and costs. We believe that our geographic dispersion of assets helps mitigate risk to our business from an adverse event affecting a specific facility; however, if we were to incur a significant loss or liability for which we were not fully insured, it could have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Available Information
Our website address is www.bunge.com. Through the "Investor InformationSEC Filings" section of our website, it is possible to access our periodic report filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), including our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports. These reports are made available free of charge. Also, filings made pursuant to Section 16 of the Exchange Act with the SEC by our executive officers, directors and other reporting persons with respect to our common shares are made available, free of charge, through our website. Our periodic reports and amendments and the Section 16 filings are available through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such report, amendment or filing is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC.
Through the "Investor InformationCorporate Governance" section of our website, it is possible to access copies of the charters for our audit committee, compensation committee, finance and risk policy committee and corporate governance and nominations committee. Our corporate governance guidelines and our code of ethics are also available in this section of our website. Each of these documents is made available, free of charge, through our website.
The foregoing information regarding our website and its content is for your convenience only. The information contained on or connected to our website is not deemed to be incorporated by reference in this report or filed with the SEC.
In addition, you may read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549 and may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically. The SEC website address is www.sec.gov.
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Executive Officers and Key Employees of the Company
Set forth below is certain information concerning the executive officers and key employees of the Company.
Name
|
Positions | |
---|---|---|
Alberto Weisser | Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer | |
Andrew J. Burke | Chief Financial Officer and Global Operational Excellence Officer | |
Carl L. Hausmann | Managing Director, Global Government and Corporate Affairs | |
Raul Padilla | Managing Director, Bunge Global Agribusiness; Chief Executive Officer, Bunge Product Lines | |
D. Benedict Pearcy | Chief Development Officer and Managing Director, Sugar and Bioenergy, Bunge Limited | |
Vicente C. Teixeira | Chief Personnel Officer | |
Jean-Louis Gourbin | Chief Executive Officer, Bunge Europe | |
Enrique Humanes | Chief Executive Officer, Bunge Argentina | |
Pedro Parente | President and Chief Executive Officer, Bunge Brazil | |
Soren Schroder | Chief Executive Officer, Bunge North America | |
Christopher White | Chief Executive Officer, Bunge Asia |
Alberto Weisser, 55. Mr. Weisser is the Chairman of our board of directors and our Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Weisser has been with Bunge since July 1993. He has been a member of our board of directors since 1995, was appointed our Chief Executive Officer in January 1999 and became Chairman of the Board of Directors in July 1999. Prior to that, Mr. Weisser held the position of Chief Financial Officer. Prior to joining Bunge, Mr. Weisser worked for the BASF Group in various finance-related positions for 15 years. Mr. Weisser is also a member of the board of directors of International Paper Company, a member of the North American Agribusiness Advisory Board of Rabobank and a board member of the Council of the Americas. He is a former director of Ferro Corporation. Mr. Weisser has a bachelor's degree in Business Administration from the University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Andrew J. Burke, 55. Mr. Burke has been our Chief Financial Officer since February 2011, having served as interim Chief Financial Officer since September 2010. In addition, Mr. Burke serves as our Global Operational Excellence Officer, a position he has held since July 2010. Prior to July 2010, Mr. Burke served as Chief Executive Officer of Bunge Global Agribusiness and Bunge Product Lines since November 2006. Mr. Burke joined Bunge in January 2002 as Managing Director, Soy Ingredients and New Business Development and later served as Managing Director, New Business. Mr. Burke also previously served as our interim Chief Financial Officer from April to July 2007. Prior to joining Bunge, Mr. Burke served as Chief Executive Officer of the U.S. subsidiary of Degussa AG. He joined Degussa in 1983, where he held a variety of finance and marketing positions, including Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President of the U.S. chemical group. Prior to joining Degussa, Mr. Burke worked for Beecham Pharmaceuticals and was an auditor with Price Waterhouse & Company. Mr. Burke is a graduate of Villanova University and earned an M.B.A. from Manhattan College.
Carl L. Hausmann, 64. Mr. Hausmann has been our Managing Director, Global Government and Corporate Affairs since April 2010. Prior to that, Mr. Hausmann served as Chief Executive Officer of Bunge North America since January 2004. Prior to that, he served as Chief Executive Officer of Bunge Europe from October 2002, when he joined Bunge following the acquisition of Cereol S.A., where he served as Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Hausmann was Chief Executive Officer of Cereol since its inception in July 2001 and prior to that worked in various capacities for Eridania Beghin-Say (the former parent company of Cereol) beginning in 1992. From 1978 to 1992, he worked for Continental
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Grain Company. Mr. Hausmann serves as Vice Chair of the Consultative Group on International Ag Research (CGIAR), Vice Chair of the International Food and Agriculture Trade Policy Council and as a member of the board of Rabo AgriFinance, a U.S. based wholly-owned subsidiary of Rabobank. He has served as Director of the National Oilseed Processors Association and as the President and Director of Fediol, the European Oilseed Processors Association. Mr. Hausmann has a B.S. degree from Boston College and an M.B.A. from INSEAD.
Raul Padilla, 55. Mr. Padilla has served as Managing Director, Bunge Global Agribusiness and Chief Executive Officer, Bunge Product Lines since July 2010. Previously, he served as Chief Executive Officer of Bunge Argentina S.A., our oilseed processing and grain origination subsidiary in Argentina, since 1999. He joined the company in 1997 as Commercial Director. Mr. Padilla has approximately 30 years of experience in the oilseed processing and grain handling industries in Argentina, beginning his career with La Plata Cereal in 1977. He has served as President of the Argentine National Oilseed Crushers Association, Vice President of the International Association of Seed Crushers and Director of the Buenos Aires Cereal Exchange and the Rosario Futures Exchange. Mr. Padilla is a graduate of the University of Buenos Aires.
D. Benedict Pearcy, 42. Mr. Pearcy has been our Chief Development Officer and Managing Director, Sugar and Bioenergy since February 2009. Mr. Pearcy joined Bunge in 1995. Prior to his current position, he was most recently based in Europe, where he served as Vice President, South East Europe since 2007 and Vice President, Eastern Europe from 2003 to 2007. Prior to that, he served as Director of Strategic Planning for Bunge Limited from 2001 to 2003. Prior to joining Bunge, Mr. Pearcy worked at McKinsey & Co. in the United Kingdom. He holds a B.A. in Modern History and Economics from Oxford University and an MBA from Harvard Business School.
Vicente C. Teixeira, 58. Mr. Teixeira has been our Chief Personnel Officer since February 2008. Prior to joining Bunge, Mr. Teixeira served as director of human resources for Latin America at Dow Chemical and Dow Agrosciences in Brazil since 2001. He joined Dow from Union Carbide, where he served as director of human resources and administration for Latin America and South Africa, starting in 1995. Previously, he had worked at Citibank in Brazil for 21 years, where he ultimately served as human resources vice president for Brazil. Mr. Teixeira has an undergraduate degree in Business Communication and Publicity from Faculdade Integrada Alcantara Machado (FMU/FIAM), a Master of Business Administration from Faculdade Tancredo Neves and an Executive MBA from PDG/EXEC in Brazil.
Jean-Louis Gourbin, 63. Mr. Gourbin has been the Chief Executive Officer of Bunge Europe since January 2004. Prior to that, Mr. Gourbin was with the Danone Group, where he served as Executive Vice President of Danone and President of its Biscuits and Cereal Products division since 1999. Before joining the Danone Group, Mr. Gourbin worked for more than 15 years with the Kellogg Company, where he last occupied the positions of President of Kellogg Europe and Executive Vice President of Kellogg. He has also held positions at Ralston Purina and Corn Products Company. Mr. Gourbin holds both a Bachelor's and a Master's degree in Economics from the Sorbonne.
Enrique Humanes, 51. Mr. Humanes has served as Chief Executive Officer of Bunge Argentina since February 2011 and previously served as interim Chief Executive Officer of Bunge Argentina since July 2010. He started his career at the company in 2000 as the Operations Director of Bunge Argentina. Prior to joining Bunge, he served in industrial roles at Unilever and Dow Chemical. He holds an undergraduate degree in chemical engineering from the Technology University of Rosario, a postgraduate degree in Process Management Administration from Rice University and an MBA from IDEA in Argentina.
Pedro Parente, 58. Mr. Parente has been President and Chief Executive Officer, Bunge Brazil, since joining Bunge in January 2010. From 2003 until December 2009, Mr. Parente served as Chief
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Operating Officer, Grupo RBS (RBS), a leading Brazilian multimedia company that owns several TV stations, newspapers and radio stations. Prior to joining RBS, Mr. Parente held a variety of high-level posts in the public sector in Brazil. He served as Chief of Staff to the Brazilian President from 1999 to 2002, and as Minister of Planning and Deputy Minister of Finance between 1995 and 1999. Mr. Parente has also served as a consultant to the International Monetary Fund and has worked at the Brazilian Central Bank, Banco do Brasil and in a number of other positions in the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Planning. He is a former Chairman of the Board of Petrobras and Banco do Brasil. He holds a degree in electrical engineering from the University of Brasília, and is a fellow at the George Washington University Center of Latin American Studies.
Soren Schroder, 49. Mr. Schroder has been the Chief Executive Officer of Bunge North America since April 2010. Previously, he served as Vice President, Agribusiness for Bunge Europe since June 2006. Prior to that, he served in agribusiness leadership roles in the U.S. and Europe. Mr. Schroder joined Bunge in 2000. Prior to joining Bunge, he worked for over 15 years at Continental Grain and Cargill.
Christopher White, 58. Mr. White has served as Chief Executive Officer of Bunge Asia since 2006. He joined Bunge as Regional General Manager Asia in March 2003. Over a previous 20-year career with Bristol Myers Squibb, Mr. White served in various capacities, including President of Mead Johnson Nutritionals Worldwide, President of Mead Johnson Nutritionals and Bristol Myers Consumer Products Asia, and Vice President of Finance and Strategy of Mead Johnson. Mr. White is a graduate of Yale University.
Risk Factors
Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected by any of the risks and uncertainties described below. Additional risks not presently known to us, or that we currently deem immaterial, may also impair our financial condition and business operations. See "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements."
Risks Relating to Our Business and Industries
Adverse weather conditions, including as a result of future climate change, may adversely affect the availability, quality and price of agricultural commodities and agricultural commodity products, as well as our operations and operating results.
Adverse weather conditions have historically caused volatility in the agricultural commodity industry and consequently in our operating results by causing crop failures or significantly reduced harvests, which may affect the supply and pricing of the agricultural commodities that we sell and use in our business, reduce demand for our fertilizer products and negatively affect the creditworthiness of agricultural producers who do business with us.
Our sugar production depends on the volume and sucrose content of the sugarcane that we cultivate or that is supplied to us by growers located in the vicinity of our mills. Both sugarcane yields and sucrose content depend primarily on weather conditions such as rainfall and temperature, which vary. Future weather patterns may reduce the amount of sugarcane that we can harvest or purchase, or the sucrose content in such sugarcane, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.
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Severe adverse weather conditions, such as hurricanes or severe storms, may also result in extensive property damage, extended business interruption, personal injuries and other loss and damage to us. Our operations also rely on dependable and efficient transportation services. A disruption in transportation services, as a result of weather conditions or otherwise, may also significantly adversely impact our operations.
Additionally, the potential physical impacts of climate change are uncertain and may vary by region. These potential effects could include changes in rainfall patterns, water shortages, changing sea levels, changing storm patterns and intensities, and changing temperature levels that could adversely impact our costs and business operations, the location and costs of global agricultural commodity production, and the supply and demand for agricultural commodities. These effects could be material to our results of operations, liquidity or capital resources.
We may be adversely affected by a shortage of sugarcane or by high sugarcane costs.
Sugarcane is our principal raw material used for the production of ethanol and sugar. Currently, approximately 85% of the land we use for sugarcane plantations is leased for periods generally of six years. We cannot guarantee that these agreements will be renewed after their respective terms or that such renewals will be on terms and conditions satisfactory to us, or that we will otherwise be able to procure adequate sugarcane to operate our mills profitably. A significant shortage in sugarcane supply, including as a result of the termination of lease agreements or supply contracts, or a significant increase in the cost of sugarcane available to us for processing, may adversely affect our business and financial performance.
We are subject to fluctuations in agricultural commodity and other raw material prices caused by other factors outside of our control that could adversely affect our operating results.
Prices for agricultural commodities and their by-products, including, among others, soybeans, corn, wheat, sugar and ethanol, like those of other commodities, are often volatile and sensitive to domestic and international changes in supply and demand caused by factors outside of our control, including farmer planting decisions, government agriculture programs and policies, global inventory levels, demand for biofuels, weather and crop conditions and demand for and supply of competing commodities and substitutes. These factors may cause volatility in our operating results.
Our fertilizer business may also be adversely affected by fluctuations in the prices of agricultural commodities and fertilizer raw materials, respectively, that are caused by market factors beyond our control. Increases in fertilizer prices due to higher raw material costs have in the past and could in the future adversely affect demand for our fertilizer products. Additionally, as a result of competitive conditions in our food and ingredients and fertilizer businesses, we may not be able to recoup increases in raw material costs through increases in sales prices for our products, which may adversely affect our profitability.
Fluctuations in energy prices could adversely affect our operating results.
Our operating costs and selling prices of certain of our products are sensitive to changes in energy prices. Our industrial operations utilize significant amounts of electricity, natural gas and coal, and our transportation operations are dependent upon diesel fuel and other petroleum-based products. Significant increases in the cost of these items could adversely affect our production costs and operating results.
We also sell certain biofuel products, such as ethanol and biodiesel, which are closely related to, or may be substituted for, petroleum products. As a result, the selling prices of ethanol and biodiesel can be impacted by the selling prices of oil, gasoline and diesel fuel. In turn, the selling prices of the
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agricultural commodities and commodity products that we sell, such as corn and vegetable oils, that are used as feedstocks for biofuels, are also sensitive to changes in the market price for biofuels, and consequently world petroleum prices as well. Therefore, a significant decrease in the price of oil, gasoline or diesel fuel could result in a significant decrease in the selling prices of ethanol, biodiesel and their raw materials, which could adversely affect our revenues and operating results. Additionally, the prices of sugar and sugarcane-based ethanol are also correlated, and therefore a decline in world sugar prices may also adversely affect the selling price of the ethanol we produce in Brazil.
We are subject to global and regional economic downturns and related risks.
The level of demand for our products is affected by global and regional demographic and macroeconomic conditions, including population growth rates and changes in standards of living. A significant downturn in global economic growth, or recessionary conditions in major geographic regions, may lead to reduced demand for agricultural commodities, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Additionally, weak global economic conditions and adverse conditions in global financial markets, including constraints on the availability of credit, have in the past adversely affected, and may in the future adversely affect, the financial condition and creditworthiness of some of our customers, suppliers and other counterparties, which in turn may negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" for more information.
We are vulnerable to the effects of supply and demand imbalances in our industries.
Historically, the market for some of our agricultural commodities and fertilizer products has been cyclical, with periods of high demand and capacity utilization stimulating new plant investment and the addition of incremental processing or production capacity by industry participants to meet the demand. The timing and extent of this expansion may then produce excess supply conditions in the market, which, until the supply/demand balance is again restored, negatively impacts product prices and operating results. During times of reduced market demand, we may suspend or reduce production at some of our facilities. The extent to which we efficiently manage available capacity at our facilities will affect our profitability.
We are subject to economic and political instability and other risks of doing business globally and in emerging markets.
We are a global business with substantial assets located outside of the United States. Our operations in South America and Europe are a fundamental part of our business. In addition, a key part of our strategy involves expanding our business in several emerging market regions, including Eastern Europe and Asia. Volatile international economic, political and market conditions may have a negative impact on our operating results and our ability to achieve our business strategies.
Due to the international nature of our business, we are exposed to currency exchange rate fluctuations as a significant portion of our net sales and expenses are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Changes in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and other currencies, particularly the Brazilian real, the Argentine peso, the euro and certain Eastern European currencies, affect our revenues and expenses that are denominated in local currencies, affect farm economics in those regions and may have a negative impact on the value of our assets located outside of the United States.
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We are also exposed to other risks of international operations, including:
These risks could adversely affect our operations, business strategies and operating results.
Government policies and regulations, particularly those affecting the agricultural sector and related industries, could adversely affect our operations and profitability.
Agricultural commodity production and trade flows are significantly affected by government policies and regulations. Governmental policies affecting the agricultural industry, such as taxes, tariffs, duties, subsidies, import and export restrictions on agricultural commodities and commodity products and energy policies, can influence industry profitability, the planting of certain crops versus other uses of agricultural resources, the location and size of crop production, whether unprocessed or processed commodity products are traded and the volume and types of imports and exports. In addition, international trade disputes can adversely affect agricultural commodity trade flows by limiting or disrupting trade between countries or regions.
Increases in prices for, among other things, food, fuel and crop inputs, such as fertilizers, have become the subject of significant discussion by governmental bodies and the public throughout the world. In some countries, this has led to the imposition of policies such as price controls, tariffs and export restrictions on agricultural commodities. Additionally, efforts to change the regulation of financial markets, including the U.S. Dodd-Frank Act, may subject large users of derivatives, such as Bunge, to extensive new oversight and regulation. Such initiatives could impose significant additional costs on us, including operating and compliance costs, and could materially affect the availability, as well as the cost and terms, of certain transactions. Future governmental policies, regulations or actions affecting our industries may adversely affect the supply of, demand for and prices of our products, restrict our ability to do business and cause our financial results to suffer.
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Increases in commodity prices can increase the scrutiny to which we are subject under antitrust laws.
We are subject to antitrust and competition laws in various countries throughout the world. We cannot predict how these laws or their interpretation, administration and enforcement will change over time, particularly in periods of significant price increases in our industries. Changes or developments in antitrust laws globally, or in their interpretation, administration or enforcement, may limit our existing or future operations and growth. Increases in food and crop nutrient prices have in the past resulted in increased scrutiny of our industries under antitrust and competition laws in Europe, Brazil and other jurisdictions and increase the risk that these laws could be interpreted, administered or enforced in a manner that could affect our operations or impose liability on us in a manner that could materially adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.
We may not realize the anticipated benefits of acquisitions, divestitures or joint ventures.
We have been an active acquirer of other companies, and we have joint ventures with several partners. Part of our strategy involves acquisitions, alliances and joint ventures designed to expand and enhance our business, such as the Moema acquisition which we completed in 2010. Our ability to benefit from acquisitions, joint ventures and alliances depends on many factors, including our ability to identify suitable prospects, access funding sources on acceptable terms, negotiate favorable transaction terms and successfully consummate and integrate any businesses we acquire. In addition, we may decide, from time to time, to divest certain of our assets or businesses, such as the sale of our Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets which we also completed in 2010. Our ability to successfully complete a divestiture will depend on, among other things, our ability to identify buyers that are prepared to acquire such assets or businesses on acceptable terms and to adjust and optimize our retained businesses following the divestiture.
Our acquisition or divestiture activities may involve unanticipated delays, costs and other problems. If we encounter unexpected problems with one of our acquisitions, alliances or divestitures, our senior management may be required to divert attention away from other aspects of our businesses to address these problems. Additionally, we may fail to consummate proposed acquisitions or divestitures, after incurring expenses and devoting substantial resources, including management time, to such transactions.
Acquisitions also pose the risk that we may be exposed to successor liability relating to actions by an acquired company and its management before the acquisition. The due diligence we conduct in connection with an acquisition, and any contractual guarantees or indemnities that we receive from the sellers of acquired companies, may not be sufficient to protect us from, or compensate us for, actual liabilities. A material liability associated with an acquisition could adversely affect our reputation and results of operations and reduce the benefits of the acquisition. Additionally, acquisitions involve other risks, such as differing levels of management and internal control effectiveness at the acquired entities, systems integration risks, the risk of impairment charges relating to goodwill and intangible assets recorded in connection with acquisitions, the risk of significant accounting charges resulting from the completion and integration of a sizeable acquisition, the need to fund increased capital expenditures and working capital requirements, our ability to retain and motivate employees of acquired entities and other unanticipated problems and liabilities.
Divestitures may also expose us to potential liabilities or claims for indemnification as we may be required to retain certain liabilities or indemnify buyers for certain matters, including environmental or litigation matters, associated with the assets or businesses that we sell. The magnitude of any such retained liability or indemnification obligation may be difficult to quantify at the time of the transaction, and its cost to us could ultimately exceed the proceeds we receive for the divested assets or businesses. Divestitures also have other inherent risks, including possible delays in closing transactions (including potential difficulties in obtaining regulatory approvals), the risk of lower-than-expected sales proceeds for the divested businesses and unexpected costs or other difficulties associated with the
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separation of the businesses to be sold from our information technology and other systems and management processes, including the loss of key personnel. Additionally, expected cost savings or other anticipated efficiencies or benefits from divestitures may also be difficult to achieve or maximize.
Additionally, we have several joint ventures and investments where we have limited control over the governance and operations of those investments. As a result, we face certain risks, including risks related to the financial strength of the joint venture partner, the inability to implement some actions with respect to the joint venture's activities that we may believe are favorable if the joint venture partner does not agree and the risk that we will be unable to resolve disputes with the joint venture partner. As a result, these investments may contribute significantly less than anticipated to our earnings and cash flow.
We are subject to food and feed industry risks.
We are subject to food and feed industry risks which include, but are not limited to, spoilage, contamination, tampering or other adulteration of products, product recalls, government regulation, including regulations regarding food and feed safety, trans-fatty acids and genetically modified organisms (GMOs), shifting customer and consumer preferences and concerns, and potential product liability claims. These matters could adversely affect our business and operating results.
In addition, certain of our products are used as, or as ingredients in, livestock and poultry feed, and as such, we are subject to demand risks relating to the outbreak of disease associated with livestock and poultry, including avian or swine influenza. A severe or prolonged decline in demand for our products as a result of the outbreak of disease could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.
We face intense competition in each of our businesses.
We face significant competition in each of our businesses and we have numerous competitors, some of which are larger and have greater financial resources than we have. As many of the products we sell are global commodities, the markets for our products are highly price competitive and in many cases sensitive to product substitution. In addition, to compete effectively, we must continuously focus on improving efficiency in our production and distribution operations, as well as developing and maintaining appropriate market share, and customer relationships. Competition could cause us to lose market share, exit certain lines of business, increase marketing or other expenditures or reduce pricing, each of which could have an adverse effect on our business and profitability.
We are subject to environmental, health and safety regulation in numerous jurisdictions. We may be subject to substantial costs, liabilities and other adverse effects on our business relating to these matters.
Our operations are regulated by environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in the countries where we operate, including those governing the labeling, use, storage, discharge and disposal of hazardous materials. These laws and regulations require us to implement procedures for the handling of hazardous materials and for operating in potentially hazardous conditions, and they impose liability on us for the cleanup of environmental contamination. In addition to liabilities arising out of our current and future operations for which we have ongoing processes to manage compliance with regulatory obligations, we may be subject to liabilities for past operations at current facilities and in some cases to liabilities for past operations at facilities that we no longer own or operate. We may also be subject to liabilities for operations of acquired companies. We may incur material costs or liabilities to comply with environmental, health and safety requirements. In addition, our industrial activities can result in serious accidents that could result in personal injuries, facility shutdowns, reputational harm to
21
our business and/or cause us to expend significant amounts to remediate safety issues or repair damaged facilities.
In addition, continued government and public emphasis in countries where we operate on environmental issues, including climate change, conservation and natural resource management, have resulted in and could result in new or more stringent forms of regulatory oversight of our industries, including increased environmental controls, land use restrictions affecting us or our suppliers and other conditions that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. For example, certain aspects of Bunge's business and the larger food production chain generate carbon emissions. The imposition of regulatory restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions, which may include limitations on greenhouse gas emissions, other restrictions on industrial operations, taxes or fees on greenhouse gas emissions and other measures could affect land-use decisions, the cost of agricultural production and the cost and means of processing and transport of our products, which could adversely affect our business, cash flows and results of operations.
We are exposed to credit and counterparty risk relating to our customers in the ordinary course of business. In particular, we advance significant capital and provide other financing arrangements to farmers in Brazil and, as a result, our business and financial results may be adversely affected if these farmers are unable to repay the capital advanced to them.
We have various credit terms with customers, and our customers have varying degrees of creditworthiness, which exposes us to the risk of nonpayment or other default under our contracts and other arrangements with them. In the event that we experience significant defaults on their payment obligations to us, our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows, could be materially and adversely affected.
In Brazil, where there are limited third-party financing sources available to farmers for their annual production of crops, we provide financing services to farmers from whom we purchase soybeans and other agricultural commodities through prepaid commodity purchase contracts and advances, which are generally intended to be short-term in nature and are typically secured by the farmer's crop and a mortgage on the farmer's land and other assets to provide a means of repayment in the potential event of crop failure or shortfall. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, we had approximately $815 million and $682 million in outstanding prepaid commodity purchase contracts and advances to farmers. We are exposed to the risk that the underlying crop will be insufficient to satisfy a farmer's obligation under the financing arrangements as a result of weather and crop growing conditions, and other factors that influence the price, supply and demand for agricultural commodities. In addition, any collateral held by us as part of these financing transactions may not be sufficient to fully protect us from loss.
We also sell fertilizer on credit to farmers in Brazil. These credit sales are also typically secured by the farmer's crop. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, our total fertilizer segment accounts receivable were $495 million and $618 million, respectively. During 2010, approximately 37% of our fertilizer sales were made on credit. Furthermore, in connection with our fertilizer sales, we issue guarantees to a financial institution in Brazil related to amounts owed the institution by certain of our farmer customers. For additional information on these guarantees, see Note 22 to our consolidated financial statements included as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the event that the customers default on their obligations to either us or the financial institution under these financing arrangements, we would be required to recognize the associated bad debt expense or perform under the guarantees, as the case may be. Significant defaults by farmers under these financial arrangements could adversely affect our financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.
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We are a capital intensive business and depend on cash provided by our operations as well as access to external financing to operate and expand our business.
We require significant amounts of capital to operate our business and fund capital expenditures. In addition, our working capital needs are directly affected by the prices of agricultural commodities, with increases in commodity prices generally causing increases in our borrowing levels. We are also required to make substantial capital expenditures to maintain, upgrade and expand our extensive network of storage facilities, processing plants, refineries, mills, logistics assets and other facilities to keep pace with competitive developments, technological advances and changing safety and environmental standards in our industry. Furthermore, the expansion of our business and pursuit of acquisitions or other business opportunities may require us to have access to significant amounts of capital. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flows or raise sufficient external financing on attractive terms to fund these activities, including as a result of a tightening in the global credit markets, we may be forced to limit our operations and growth plans, which may adversely impact our competitiveness and, therefore, our results of operations.
As of December 31, 2010, we had approximately $2,807 million unused and available borrowing capacity under various committed short- and long-term credit facilities and $4,881 million in total indebtedness. Our indebtedness could limit our ability to obtain additional financing, limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in the markets in which we compete, place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that are less leveraged than we are and require us to dedicate more cash on a relative basis to servicing our debt and less to developing our business. This may limit our ability to run our business and use our resources in the manner in which we would like. Furthermore, difficult conditions in global credit or financial markets generally could adversely impact our ability to refinance maturing debt or the cost or other terms of such refinancing, as well as adversely affect the financial position of the lenders with whom we do business, which may reduce our ability to obtain financing for our operations. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsLiquidity and Capital Resources."
Our credit ratings are important to our liquidity. While our debt agreements do not have any credit rating downgrade triggers that would accelerate the maturity of our debt, a reduction in our credit ratings would increase our borrowing costs and, depending on their severity, could impede our ability to obtain credit facilities or access the capital markets in the future on favorable terms. We may also be required to post collateral or provide third-party credit support under certain agreements as a result of such downgrades. A significant increase in our borrowing costs could impair our ability to compete effectively in our business relative to competitors with higher credit ratings.
Our risk management strategies may not be effective.
Our business is affected by fluctuations in agricultural commodity prices, transportation costs, energy prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We engage in hedging transactions to manage these risks. However, our exposures may not always be fully hedged and our hedging strategies may not be successful in minimizing our exposure to these fluctuations. In addition, our risk management strategies may seek to position our overall portfolio relative to expected market movements. While we have implemented a broad range of control procedures and policies to mitigate potential losses, they may not in all cases successfully protect us from losses that have the potential to impair our financial position. See "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk."
23
We may not be able to achieve the efficiencies, savings and other benefits anticipated from our cost reduction, margin improvement and other business optimization initiatives.
We are continuously implementing programs throughout the company to reduce costs, increase efficiencies and enhance our business. Initiatives currently in process or implemented in the past year include the outsourcing of certain administrative activities in several regions, rationalization of manufacturing operations, including the closing of facilities and the implementation of a restructuring and consolidation of our operations in Brazil. Unexpected delays, increased costs, adverse effects on our internal control environment, inability to retain and motivate employees or other challenges arising from these initiatives could adversely affect our ability to realize the anticipated savings or other intended benefits of these activities.
The loss of or a disruption in our manufacturing and distribution operations or other operations and systems could adversely affect our business.
We are engaged in manufacturing and distribution activities on a global scale, and our business depends on our ability to execute and monitor, on a daily basis, a significant number of transactions across numerous markets or geographies in many currencies. As a result, we are subject to the risks inherent in such activities, including industrial accidents, environmental events, fires, explosions, strikes and other labor or industrial disputes, disruptions in logistics or information systems, as well as natural disasters, pandemics, acts of terrorism and other external factors over which we have no control. For example, in 2010, we suffered fires or explosions at facilities in Argentina, Germany and the United States, which resulted in varying levels of property damage and business interruption. While we insure ourselves against many of these types of risks in accordance with industry standards, our level of insurance may not cover all losses. The loss of, or damage to, any of our facilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Risks Relating to Our Common Shares
We are a Bermuda company, and it may be difficult for you to enforce judgments against us and our directors and executive officers.
We are a Bermuda exempted company. As a result, the rights of holders of our common shares will be governed by Bermuda law and our memorandum of association and bye-laws. The rights of shareholders under Bermuda law may differ from the rights of shareholders of companies or corporations incorporated in other jurisdictions. Most of our directors and some of our officers are not residents of the United States, and a substantial portion of our assets and the assets of those directors and officers are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for you to effect service of process on those persons in the United States or to enforce in the U.S. judgments obtained in U.S. courts against us or those persons based on civil liability provisions of the U.S. securities laws. It is doubtful whether courts in Bermuda will enforce judgments obtained in other jurisdictions, including the United States, against us or our directors or officers under the securities laws of those jurisdictions or entertain actions in Bermuda against us or our directors or officers under the securities laws of other jurisdictions.
Our bye-laws restrict shareholders from bringing legal action against our officers and directors.
Our bye-laws contain a broad waiver by our shareholders of any claim or right of action, both individually and on our behalf, against any of our officers or directors. The waiver applies to any action taken by an officer or director, or the failure of an officer or director to take any action, in the performance of his or her duties, except with respect to any matter involving any fraud or dishonesty
24
on the part of the officer or director. This waiver limits the right of shareholders to assert claims against our officers and directors unless the act, or failure to act, involves fraud or dishonesty.
We have anti-takeover provisions in our bye-laws that may discourage a change of control.
Our bye-laws contain provisions that could make it more difficult for a third-party to acquire us without the consent of our board of directors. These provisions provide for:
These provisions, as well as any additional anti-takeover measures our board could adopt in the future, could make it more difficult for a third-party to acquire us, even if the third-party's offer may be considered beneficial by many shareholders. As a result, shareholders may be limited in their ability to obtain a premium for their shares.
We may become a passive foreign investment company, which could result in adverse U.S. tax consequences to U.S. investors.
Adverse U.S. federal income tax rules apply to U.S. investors owning shares of a "passive foreign investment company," or PFIC, directly or indirectly. We will be classified as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes if 50% or more of our assets, including goodwill (based on an annual quarterly average), are passive assets, or 75% or more of our annual gross income is derived from passive assets. The calculation of goodwill will be based, in part, on the then market value of our common shares, which is subject to change. Based on certain estimates of our gross income and gross assets and relying on certain exceptions in the applicable U.S. Treasury regulations, we do not believe that we are currently a PFIC. Such a characterization could result in adverse U.S. tax consequences to U.S. investors in our common shares. In particular, absent an election described below, a U.S. investor would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at ordinary income tax rates, plus a possible interest charge, in respect of gain derived from a disposition of our common shares, as well as certain distributions by us. In addition, a step-up in the tax basis of our common shares would not be available upon the death of an individual shareholder, and the preferential U.S. federal income tax rates generally applicable to dividends on our common shares held by certain U.S. investors would not apply. Since PFIC status is determined on an annual basis and will depend on the composition of our income and assets and the nature of our activities from time to time, we cannot assure you that we will not be considered a PFIC for the current or any future taxable year. If we are treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, U.S. investors may desire to make an election to treat us as a "qualified electing fund" with respect to shares owned (a QEF election), in which case U.S. investors will be required to take into account a pro rata share of our earnings and net capital gain for each year, regardless of whether we make any distributions. As an alternative to the QEF election, a U.S. investor may be able to make an election to "mark to market" our common shares each taxable year and recognize ordinary income pursuant to such election based upon increases in the value of our common shares.
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Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Not applicable.
The following tables provide information on our principal operating facilities as of December 31, 2010.
Facilities by Division
|
Aggregate Daily Production Capacity |
Aggregate Storage Capacity |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(metric tons) |
||||||
Division |
|||||||
Agribusiness |
129,998 | 17,897,991 | |||||
Sugar and Bioenergy |
101,000 | 639,624 | |||||
Food and Ingredients |
52,448 | 967,760 | |||||
Fertilizer |
42,110 | 1,468,822 |
Facilities by Geographic Region
|
Aggregate Daily Production Capacity |
Aggregate Storage Capacity |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(metric tons) |
||||||
Region |
|||||||
North America |
61,544 | 6,665,368 | |||||
South America |
208,662 | 11,613,621 | |||||
Europe |
40,320 | 2,133,599 | |||||
Asia |
15,030 | 561,609 |
In addition, we operate various port facilities either directly or through joint ventures. Our corporate headquarters in White Plains, New York, occupy approximately 51,000 square feet of space under a lease that expires in February 2013. We also lease other office space for our operations worldwide.
We believe that our facilities are adequate to address our operational requirements.
Agribusiness
In our agribusiness operations, we have 172 commodity storage facilities globally that are located close to agricultural production areas or export locations. We also have 56 oilseed processing plants globally. We have 60 merchandising and distribution offices throughout the world.
Sugar and Bioenergy
In our sugar and bioenergy operations, we have eight mills, all of which are located in Brazil within close proximity to sugarcane production areas. We also own and lease agricultural land for the cultivation of sugarcane as described under "BusinessSugar and Bioenergy."
Food and Ingredients
In our food and ingredients operations, we have 72 refining, packaging and milling facilities dedicated to our food and ingredients operations throughout the world.
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Fertilizer
In our fertilizer division, we currently operate 26 fertilizer processing and blending plants that are strategically located in the key fertilizer consumption regions of Brazil and Argentina, thereby reducing transportation costs to deliver our products to our customers. All of Bunge's mining assets related to its fertilizer nutrients business, including its phosphate mines, were included in the sale of our fertilizer nutrients assets to Vale.
We are party to various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of our business. Although we cannot accurately predict the amount of any liability that may ultimately arise with respect to any of these matters, we make provision for potential liabilities when we deem them probable and reasonably estimable. These provisions are based on current information and legal advice and are adjusted from time to time according to developments. We do not expect the outcome of these proceedings, net of established reserves, to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. Due to their inherent uncertainty, however, there can be no assurance as to the ultimate outcome of current or future litigation, proceedings, investigations or claims.
We are subject to income and other taxes in both the United States and foreign jurisdictions and we are regularly under audit by tax authorities. Although we believe our tax estimates are reasonable, the final determination of tax audits and any related litigation or other proceedings could be materially different than that which is reflected in our tax provisions and accruals, which could have a material effect on our income tax provision and net income in the period or periods for which that determination is made. For example, our Brazilian subsidiaries are regularly audited and subject to numerous pending tax claims by Brazilian federal, state and local tax authorities. We have reserved an aggregate $119 million as of December 31, 2010 in respect of these claims. The Brazilian tax claims relate to income tax claims, value-added tax claims and sales tax claims. The determination of the manner in which various Brazilian federal, state and municipal taxes apply to our operations is subject to varying interpretations arising from the complex nature of Brazilian tax laws and changes in those laws. In addition, we have numerous claims pending against Brazilian federal, state and local tax authorities to recover taxes previously paid by us. For more information, see Notes 14 and 22 to our consolidated financial statements included as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Additionally, the Argentine tax authorities have been conducting a review of income taxes paid by large exporters and processors of cereals and other agricultural commodities in the country. In that regard, in October 2010, the Argentine tax authorities carried out inspections at several of our locations in Argentina relating to allegations of income tax evasion covering the periods from 2007 to 2009. While we believe that the allegations against us are without merit, the investigation is at a preliminary stage and therefore, we are, at this time, unable to predict its outcome, including whether formal charges will ultimately be brought.
We are also a party to a large number of labor claims relating to our Brazilian operations. We have reserved an aggregate of $73 million as of December 31, 2010 in respect of these claims. The labor claims primarily relate to dismissals, severance, health and safety, salary adjustments and supplementary retirement benefits.
In December 2006, Fosfertil announced a corporate reorganization intended to allow it to capture synergies and better compete in the domestic and international fertilizer market. As part of the proposed reorganization, our wholly-owned subsidiary Bunge Fertilizantes would become a subsidiary of Fosfertil, and our combined direct and indirect ownership of Fosfertil would increase. The reorganization was subject to approval by Fosfertil's shareholders. Certain shareholders of Fosfertil who are affiliated with the Mosaic Company and Yara International ASA filed legal challenges to the proposed reorganization in the Brazilian courts, including a suit against us that was pending before the
27
highest appellate court in Brazil (Superior Tribunal de Justica, or the Superior Court of Justice) since September 2008. In August 2009, the Superior Court of Justice ruled in our favor on the merits of the case. These minority shareholders filed motions seeking clarification of this court decision, but such motions were rejected by the Superior Court of Justice in December 2009. Subsequently, these minority shareholders filed extraordinary appeals before the Brazilian Constitutional Court (the Supreme Court). The proposed reorganization was also the subject of other lawsuits filed by these shareholders and subject to governmental approvals in Brazil. In May 2010, we completed the sale of our direct and indirect ownership in Fosfertil to Vale. In addition, these minority shareholders have also separately sold their direct and indirect interests in Fosfertil to Vale. In connection with these sale transactions, in June 2010, we and the minority shareholders reached a settlement and agreed to the release and waiver of all claims in these matters. The parties jointly petitioned the applicable courts for dismissal of these proceedings and, following approval by the courts, these proceedings have now been concluded.
Item 4. [Removed and Reserved]
There is no disclosure required under this Item.
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Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low closing prices of our common shares, as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.
|
High | Low | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(US$) |
||||||
2011 |
|||||||
First quarter (to February 18, 2011) |
$ | 74.45 | $ | 65.39 | |||
2010 |
|||||||
Fourth quarter |
$ | 65.52 | $ | 57.45 | |||
Third quarter |
61.61 | 46.29 | |||||
Second quarter |
61.85 | 47.19 | |||||
First quarter |
71.29 | 56.90 | |||||
2009 |
|||||||
Fourth quarter |
$ | 68.51 | $ | 57.06 | |||
Third quarter |
72.41 | 54.44 | |||||
Second quarter |
67.89 | 46.58 | |||||
First quarter |
59.33 | 41.61 | |||||
2008 |
|||||||
Fourth quarter |
$ | 63.00 | $ | 29.99 | |||
Third quarter |
105.04 | 60.10 | |||||
Second quarter |
124.48 | 87.92 | |||||
First quarter |
133.00 | 86.88 |
To our knowledge, based on information provided by Mellon Investor Services LLC, our transfer agent, as of December 31, 2010, we had 146,635,083 common shares outstanding which were held by approximately 154 registered holders.
Dividend Policy
We intend to pay cash dividends to holders of our common shares on a quarterly basis. In addition, holders of our 4.875% cumulative convertible perpetual preference shares are entitled to annual dividends in the amount of $4.875 per year payable quarterly when, as and if declared by the board of directors in accordance with its terms. Any future determination to pay dividends will, subject to the provisions of Bermuda law, be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon then existing conditions, including our financial condition, results of operations, contractual and other relevant legal or regulatory restrictions, capital requirements, business prospects and other factors our board of directors deems relevant.
Under Bermuda law, a company's board of directors may not declare or pay dividends from time to time if there are reasonable grounds for believing that the company is, or would after the payment be, unable to pay its liabilities as they become due or that the realizable value of its assets would thereby be less than the aggregate of its liabilities and issued share capital and share premium accounts. Under our bye-laws, each common share is entitled to dividends if, as and when dividends are declared by our board of directors, subject to any preferred dividend right of the holders of any preference shares. There are no restrictions on our ability to transfer funds (other than funds denominated in Bermuda dollars) in or out of Bermuda or to pay dividends to U.S. residents who are holders of our common shares.
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We paid quarterly dividends on our common shares of $.21 per share in the first two quarters of 2010 and $.23 per share in the last two quarters of 2010. We paid quarterly dividends on our common shares of $.19 per share in the first two quarters of 2009 and $.21 per share in the last two quarters of 2009. We have declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $.23 per share payable on March 2, 2011 to shareholders of record on February 16, 2011.
Performance Graph
The performance graph shown below compares the quarterly change in cumulative total shareholder return on our common shares with the Standard & Poor's (S&P) 500 Stock Index and the S&P Food Products Index from December 31, 2005 through the quarter ended December 31, 2010. The graph sets the beginning value of our common shares and the Indices at $100, and assumes that all dividends are reinvested. All Index values are weighted by the capitalization of the companies included in the Index.
Sales of Unregistered Securities
None.
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Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table sets forth certain information, as of December 31, 2010, with respect to our equity compensation plans.
|
(a) | (b) | (c) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Number of Securities to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights |
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights |
Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Securities Reflected in Column (a)) |
|||||||
Plan category |
||||||||||
Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders (1) |
6,416,475 | (2) | $ | 57.34 | (3) | 9,008,472 | ||||
Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders (5) |
15,212 | (6) | | (7) | | (8) | ||||
Total |
6,431,687 | $ | 57.34 | 9,008,472 | ||||||
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adjustment in accordance with the terms of the plan. No additional awards may be granted under the Equity Incentive Plan and the Non-Employee Directors' Equity Incentive Plan.
Purchases of Equity Securities by Registrant and Affiliated Purchasers
On June 8, 2010, Bunge announced that its Board of Directors approved a program for the repurchase of up to $700 million of Bunge's issued and outstanding common shares. The program runs through December 31, 2011.
The following table sets forth information relating to the share repurchase program:
Period
|
Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased |
Average Price Paid per Share (or Unit) |
Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
October 1, 2010 October 31, 2010 |
| | | $ | | ||||||||
November 1, 2010 November 30, 2010 |
| | | | |||||||||
December 1, 2010 December 31, 2010 |
| | | | |||||||||
Total |
| | | $ | 346,000,000 | ||||||||
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The following table sets forth our selected consolidated financial information for the periods indicated. You should read this information together with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and with the consolidated financial statements and notes to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in U.S. dollars and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP). The consolidated statements of income and cash flow data for each of the three years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The consolidated statements of income and cash flow data for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
32
and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements that are not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
|
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||
|
(US$ in millions) |
|||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statements of Income Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 45,707 | $ | 41,926 | $ | 52,574 | $ | 37,842 | $ | 26,274 | ||||||
Cost of goods sold |
(43,196 | ) | (40,722 | ) | (48,538 | ) | (35,327 | ) | (24,703 | ) | ||||||
Gross profit |
2,511 | 1,204 | 4,036 | 2,515 | 1,571 | |||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
(1,558 | ) | (1,342 | ) | (1,613 | ) | (1,359 | ) | (978 | ) | ||||||
Gain on sale of fertilizer nutrients assets |
2,440 | | | | | |||||||||||
Interest income |
69 | 122 | 214 | 166 | 119 | |||||||||||
Interest expense |
(298 | ) | (283 | ) | (361 | ) | (353 | ) | (280 | ) | ||||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt |
(90 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||
Foreign exchange gain (loss) |
2 | 469 | (749 | ) | 217 | 59 | ||||||||||
Other income (expense)net |
(26 | ) | (25 | ) | 10 | 15 | 31 | |||||||||
Income from operations before income tax |
3,050 | 145 | 1,537 | 1,201 | 522 | |||||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit |
(689 | ) | 110 | (245 | ) | (310 | ) | 36 | ||||||||
Equity in earnings of affiliates |
27 | 80 | 34 | 33 | 23 | |||||||||||
Net income |
2,388 | 335 | 1,326 | 924 | 581 | |||||||||||
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest |
(34 | ) | 26 | (262 | ) | (146 | ) | (60 | ) | |||||||
Net income attributable to Bunge |
2,354 | 361 | 1,064 | 778 | 521 | |||||||||||
Convertible preference share dividends |
(67 | ) | (78 | ) | (78 | ) | (40 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||||
Net income available to common shareholders |
$ | 2,287 | $ | 283 | $ | 986 | $ | 738 | $ | 517 | ||||||
|
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||
|
(US$, except outstanding share data) |
|||||||||||||||
Per Share Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Earnings per common sharebasic (1) |
||||||||||||||||
Earnings to Bunge common shareholders |
$ | 16.20 | $ | 2.24 | $ | 8.11 | $ | 6.11 | $ | 4.32 | ||||||
Earnings per common sharediluted (2) |
||||||||||||||||
Earnings to Bunge common shareholders |
$ | 15.06 | $ | 2.22 | $ | 7.73 | $ | 5.95 | $ | 4.28 | ||||||
Cash dividends declared per common share |
$ | 0.90 | $ | .82 | $ | .74 | $ | .67 | $ | .63 | ||||||
Weighted-average common shares outstandingbasic |
141,191,136 | 126,448,071 | 121,527,580 | 120,718,134 | 119,566,423 | |||||||||||
Weighted-average common shares outstanding |
156,274,814 | 127,669,822 | 137,591,266 | 130,753,807 | 120,849,357 |
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|
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||
|
(US$ in millions) |
|||||||||||||||
Consolidated Cash Flow Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Cash (used for) provided by operating activities |
$ | (2,435 | ) | $ | (368 | ) | $ | 2,543 | $ | (411 | ) | $ | (289 | ) | ||
Cash provided by (used for) investing activities |
2,509 | (952 | ) | (1,106 | ) | (794 | ) | (611 | ) | |||||||
Cash (used for) provided by financing activities |
(30 | ) | 774 | (1,146 | ) | 1,762 | 891 |
|
December 31, | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||
|
(US$ in millions) |
|||||||||||||||
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 578 | $ | 553 | $ | 1,004 | $ | 981 | $ | 365 | ||||||
Inventories (3) |
6,635 | 4,862 | 5,653 | 5,924 | 3,684 | |||||||||||
Working capital |
5,811 | 5,576 | 5,102 | 5,684 | 3,878 | |||||||||||
Total assets |
26,001 | 21,286 | 20,230 | 21,991 | 14,347 | |||||||||||
Short-term debt, including current portion of long-term debt |
2,330 | 197 | 551 | 1,112 | 610 | |||||||||||
Long-term debt |
2,551 | 3,618 | 3,032 | 3,435 | 2,874 | |||||||||||
Mandatory convertible preference shares (2) |
| 863 | 863 | 863 | | |||||||||||
Convertible perpetual preference shares (2) |
690 | 690 | 690 | 690 | 690 | |||||||||||
Common shares and additional paid-in-capital |
4,794 | 3,626 | 2,850 | 2,761 | 2,691 | |||||||||||
Total equity |
$ | 12,554 | $ | 10,365 | $ | 8,128 | $ | 8,697 | $ | 6,078 |
|
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||
|
(in millions of metric tons) |
|||||||||||||||
Other Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Volumes: |
||||||||||||||||
Agribusiness |
108.7 | 111.1 | 113.4 | 114.4 | 99.8 | |||||||||||
Sugar and bioenergy |
8.2 | 6.7 | 4.3 | | | |||||||||||
Edible oil products |
6.0 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 4.8 | |||||||||||
Milling products |
4.6 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 3.9 | |||||||||||
Total food and ingredients |
10.6 | 10.0 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 8.7 | |||||||||||
Fertilizer |
7.7 | 11.6 | 11.1 | 13.1 | 11.6 | |||||||||||
Total volume |
135.2 | 139.4 | 138.4 | 137.0 | 120.1 |
34
adjustments. The calculation of diluted earnings per common share for the year ended December 31, 2006 does not include the weighted-average common shares that were issuable upon conversion of the preference shares as they were not dilutive for such period.
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following should be read in conjunction with "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" and our combined consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Operating Results
Factors Affecting Operating Results
Our results of operations are affected by key factors in each of our business segments as discussed below.
Agribusiness
In the agribusiness segment, we purchase, store, transport, process and sell agricultural commodities and commodity products. Profitability in this segment is affected by the availability and market prices of agricultural commodities and processed commodity products and the availability and costs of energy, transportation and logistics services. Profitability in our oilseed processing operations is also impacted by capacity utilization rates. Availability of agricultural commodities is affected by many factors, including weather, farmer planting decisions, plant disease, governmental policies and agricultural sector economic conditions. Demand for our purchased and processed agribusiness products is affected by many factors, including global and regional economic conditions, including changes in per capita incomes, the financial condition of customers, including customer access to credit, worldwide consumption of food products, particularly pork and poultry, changes in population growth rates, the relative prices of substitute agricultural products, outbreaks of disease associated with livestock and poultry, and, in the past few years, by demand for renewable fuels produced from agricultural commodities and commodity products.
We expect that the factors described above will continue to affect global supply and demand for our agribusiness products. We also expect that, from time to time, imbalances may exist between oilseed processing capacity and demand for oilseed products in certain regions, which impacts our decisions regarding whether, when and where to purchase, store, transport, process or sell these commodities, including whether to change the location of or adjust our own oilseed processing capacity.
Sugar and Bioenergy
Our sugar and bioenergy segment is an integrated business including the procurement and growing of sugarcane and the production of sugar, ethanol and electricity in our eight mills in Brazil, five of which were acquired in February 2010 in the Moema acquisition, (see Note 2 of notes to the consolidated financial statements), our global sugar trading and merchandising activities and our minority interests in U.S. corn-based ethanol producers.
35
Profitability in this segment is affected by the availability and quality of sugarcane, which impacts our capacity utilization rates, and by market prices of sugarcane, sugar and ethanol. Availability and quality of sugarcane is affected by many factors, including weather, geographical factors, such as soil quality and topography, and agricultural practices. Once planted, sugarcane may be harvested for several continuous years, but the usable crop decreases with each subsequent harvest. As a result, the current optimum economic cycle is generally five or six consecutive harvests, depending on location. We own and lease land on which we grow and harvest sugarcane and we also purchase sugarcane from third parties. Prices of sugarcane in Brazil are established by Consecana, the São Paulo state sugarcane and sugar and ethanol council, based on the sucrose content of the cane and the market prices of sugar and ethanol. Demand for our products is affected by many factors, including changes in global or regional economic conditions, the financial condition of customers, including customer access to credit, worldwide consumption of food products, changes in population growth rates, changes in per capita incomes, and demand for and governmental support of renewable fuels produced from agricultural commodities, including sugarcane. We expect that the factors described above will continue to affect supply and demand for our sugar and bioenergy products.
Food and Ingredients
In the food and ingredients division, which consists of our edible oil products and milling products segments, our operating results are affected by changes in the prices of raw materials, such as crude vegetable oils and grains, the mix of products we sell, changes in eating habits, changes in per capita incomes, consumer purchasing power levels, availability of credit to commercial customers, governmental dietary guidelines and policies, changes in general economic conditions and competitive environment in our markets.
Fertilizer
In the fertilizer segment, demand for our products is affected by the profitability of the agricultural sectors we serve, the availability of credit to farmers, agricultural commodity prices, international fertilizer prices, the types of crops planted, the number of acres planted, the quality of the land under cultivation and weather-related issues affecting the success of the harvest. In addition, our profitability is impacted by international selling prices for imported fertilizers and fertilizer raw materials, such as phosphate, sulfur, ammonia and urea, and ocean freight rates and other import fees. Due to our significant operations in South America, our results in this segment are typically seasonal, with fertilizer sales normally concentrated in the third and fourth quarters of the year due to the timing of the agricultural cycle.
In addition to the above industry-related factors which impact our business divisions, our results of operations are affected by the following factors:
Foreign Currency Exchange Rates
Due to the global nature of our operations, our operating results can be materially impacted by foreign currency exchange rates. Both translation of our foreign subsidiaries' financial statements and foreign currency transactions can affect our results. On a monthly basis, local currency-based subsidiary statements of income and cash flows are translated into U.S. dollars for consolidation purposes based on weighted-average exchange rates during the monthly period. As a result, fluctuations of local currencies compared to the U.S. dollar during a monthly period impact our consolidated statements of income and cash flows for that period and also affect comparisons between periods. Subsidiary balance sheets are translated using exchange rates as of the balance sheet date with the resulting translation adjustments reported in our consolidated balance sheets as a component of other comprehensive income (loss). Included in accumulated other comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 were foreign exchange net translation gains of $247 million and $1,062 million,
36
respectively, and for the year ended December 31, 2008 were foreign exchange net translation losses of $1,346 million resulting from the translation of our foreign subsidiaries' assets and liabilities.
Additionally, we record transaction gains or losses on monetary assets and liabilities that are not denominated in the functional currency of the entity. These amounts are remeasured into their respective functional currencies at exchange rates as of the balance sheet date, with the resulting gains or losses included in the entity's statement of income and, therefore, in our consolidated statements of income as a foreign exchange gain/(loss).
We primarily use a combination of equity and intercompany loans to finance our subsidiaries. Intercompany loans that are of an investment nature with no intention of repayment in the foreseeable future are considered permanently invested and as such are treated as analogous to equity for accounting purposes. As a result, any foreign exchange translation gains or losses on such permanently invested intercompany loans are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in our consolidated balance sheets. In contrast, foreign exchange translation gains or losses on intercompany loans that are not of a permanent nature are recorded in our consolidated statements of income as a foreign exchange gain/loss.
Agribusiness SegmentBrazil. Our agribusiness sales are U.S. dollar-denominated or U.S. dollar-linked. In addition, commodity inventories in our agribusiness segment are stated at market value, which is generally linked to U.S. dollar-based international prices. As a result, these commodity inventories provide a natural offset to our exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates in our agribusiness segment. Appreciation of the real against the U.S. dollar generally has a negative effect on our agribusiness segment results in Brazil, as real-denominated industrial costs, which are included in cost of goods sold, and selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses are translated to U.S. dollars at stronger real-U.S. dollar exchange rates, which results in higher U.S. dollar costs. In addition, appreciation of the real generates losses based on the changes in the real-denominated value of our commodity inventories, which are reflected in cost of goods sold in our consolidated statements of income. However, appreciation of the real also generates offsetting net foreign exchange gains on certain derivative financial instruments and the net U.S. dollar monetary liability position of our Brazilian agribusiness subsidiaries, which are reflected in foreign exchange gains (losses) in our consolidated statements of income. As a portion of working capital funding for our Brazilian subsidiaries is denominated in U.S. dollars, the mark-to-market losses on the commodity inventories during periods of real appreciation generally offset the foreign exchange gains on the U.S. dollar-denominated debt. The converse is true for devaluations of the real and the related effect on our consolidated financial statements.
Sugar and Bioenergy SegmentBrazil. Sales of ethanol and electricity, and certain sugar products produced by our mills are domestic and real-denominated, as are our sugarcane growing and harvesting costs and industrial and selling, general and administrative expenses. Sugar produced in our Brazilian mills is sold in both the export market and domestic market. Appreciation of the real against the U.S. dollar generally has a negative effect on our sugar and bioenergy results in Brazil as real-denominated industrial costs, which are included in cost of goods sold, and selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses are translated to U.S. dollars at stronger real-U.S. dollar exchange rates, which results in higher U.S. dollar costs. These higher costs are largely offset by sales of domestic real-denominated ethanol, energy and certain sugars produced in our mills.
Edible Oil and Milling Products SegmentsBrazil. Our food and ingredients businesses are generally local currency businesses. The costs of raw materials, principally wheat and vegetable oils, are largely U.S. dollar-linked and changes in the costs of these raw materials have historically been passed through to the customer in the form of higher or lower selling prices. However, delays or difficulties in passing through changes in raw materials costs into local currency selling prices can affect our margins.
37
Fertilizer SegmentBrazil. Our fertilizer segment sales prices are linked to U.S. dollar-based international fertilizer prices. Industrial and SG&A expenses are real-denominated costs. Inventories in our fertilizer segment are not marked-to-market but are accounted at the lower of cost or market. These inventories have generally been financed with U.S. dollar-denominated debt, however, during 2010 we replaced a large portion of these liabilities with long-term financing, including a combination of equity and long-term intercompany loans, which are treated as analogous to equity for accounting purposes. Appreciation of the real against the U.S. dollar generally results in higher industrial and SG&A expenses when translated into U.S. dollars and net foreign exchange gains on the net U.S. dollar monetary liability position of our fertilizer segment subsidiaries. Gross profit margins are generally adversely affected if the real appreciates during the year as our local currency sales revenues are based on U.S. dollar international fertilizer prices, whereas our cost of goods sold would reflect the higher real cost of inventories acquired and production costs incurred when the real was weaker. Inventories are generally acquired in the first half of the year, whereas sales of fertilizer products are generally concentrated in the second half of the year. As a result, there is generally a lag between the recording of exchange gains on the net U.S. dollar monetary liability position related to inventory purchases and the effects of the appreciating real on our gross profit margins. The converse is true for devaluations of the real and the related effect on our consolidated financial statements.
Income Taxes
As a Bermuda exempted company, we are not subject to income taxes on income in our jurisdiction of incorporation. However, our subsidiaries, which operate in multiple tax jurisdictions, are subject to income taxes at various statutory rates ranging from 0% to 39%. Determination of taxable income requires the interpretation of related and often complex tax laws and regulations in each jurisdiction where we operate and the use of estimates and assumptions regarding future events. As a result of our significant business activities in South America, our effective tax rate is impacted by relative foreign exchange differences between the U.S. dollar and the Brazilian real.
At December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, we recorded uncertain tax liabilities of $98 million and $104 million in other non-current liabilities and $4 million and $7 million in current liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets, of which $42 million and $40 million relates to accrued penalties and interest. We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense in the consolidated statements of income. During 2010 and 2009, respectively, we recognized $(2) million and $8 million in adjustments to accrued interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits in our consolidated statements of income.
Results of Operations
2010 Overview
Net income attributable to Bunge for 2010 was $2,354 million, an increase of $1,993 from $361 in 2009, resulting primarily from a $1,901 net gain on the sale in May 2010 of our Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets. Total segment EBIT of $3,228 million represented an increase of $2,785 from the $443 reported for 2009 and included $2,440 of pretax gain from the sale of our Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets. Also included in 2010 total segment EBIT were $90 million of expenses related to make-whole payments in connection with the repayment of debt with a portion of the proceeds from the sale of the Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets. The year 2009 was difficult for our fertilizer segment, where segment EBIT declined significantly from a very strong 2008 to a loss in 2009, primarily as a result of declines in both domestic and international prices of our key product raw materials and the sales prices of our products over almost all of 2009 which created negative margins for our business as the gradual decline in our inventory costs could not keep pace with the more rapidly declining selling prices.
Agribusiness segment EBIT increased 3% with solid results comparable to 2009. Oilseed processing margins were solid across all regions. Grain distribution activities benefited from strong
38
Chinese demand, particularly in the first half of 2010, and the impact of a weather-related crop shortage in Eastern Europe that increased our distribution volumes from North and South America. Volumes for the year were reduced slightly compared to 2009 due to the crop shortage in Eastern Europe, despite a good South American harvest compared to 2009's short crop in that region. Impairment and restructuring charges of $40 million were recorded in 2010 compared with $41 million of impairment charges in 2009.
In sugar and bioenergy, results were adversely affected by dry weather in Brazil which reduced the volume and quality (sucrose content) of sugarcane available for milling, thus reducing the production of sugar and ethanol and lowering our capacity utilization which resulted in increased fixed cost absorption. The drought also damaged our sugarcane plantations, resulting in increased depletion of these assets, which will require replanting. In addition, increased costs associated with construction of our Pedro Afonso mill and the expansion of our Santa Juliana mill, as well as start-up challenges as these mills became operational in the fourth quarter of 2010 reduced segment results. Results for 2010 included Moema-related acquisition expenses of approximately $11 million and restructuring charges of approximately $3 million related to the consolidation of our Brazilian operations.
In the food and ingredients division, our edible oil products segment EBIT decreased by $101 million from $181 million in 2009 to $80 million in 2010. This reduction related primarily to the sale of our Saipol joint venture in December 2009, which contributed $86 million to 2009 segment EBIT, including a $66 million gain from the sale of Saipol. Impairment and restructuring charges of $29 million, including primarily the write-down of an oilseed processing and refining facility in Europe, reduced 2010 results. There were $3 million of restructuring charges in 2009. Volumes in the segment grew by 5% largely due to our acquisition of Raisio margarines in Europe in late 2009. Results improved in our milling products segment with a 15% increase in segment EBIT, primarily related to better operating conditions for our wheat mills in Brazil compared to 2009, when a very large Brazilian wheat crop brought smaller, opportunistic competitors into the market for the crop season, pressuring wheat milling margins.
Segment Results
In the first quarter of 2010, Bunge began reporting the results of its sugar and bioenergy businesss as a reportable segment. Prior to the first quarter of 2010, sugar and bioenergy results and assets were included in the agribusiness segment. Accordingly, amounts for prior periods presented have been reclassified to conform to the current period segment presentation.
As a result, Bunge has five reportable segmentsagribusiness, sugar and bioenergy, edible oil products, milling products and fertilizer, which are organized based upon similar economic characteristics and are similar in nature of products and services offered, the nature of production processes, the type and class of customer and distribution methods. The agribusiness segment is characterized by both inputs and outputs being agricultural commodities and thus high volume and low margin. The sugar and bioenergy segment involves sugarcane cultivation and milling to produce sugar, ethanol and electricity, trading and merchandising activities, and corn-based ethanol investments and activities. The edible oil products segment involves the manufacturing and marketing of products derived from vegetable oils. The milling products segment involves the manufacturing and marketing of products derived primarily from wheat and corn. Following the completion of the sale of our Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets in May 2010, the activities of the fertilizer segment include fertilizer blending and distribution in Brazil as well as operations in Argentina and the United States (see Note 3 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements). Additionally, we retained our 50% interest in its fertilizer joint venture in Morocco.
39
A summary of certain items in our consolidated statements of income and volumes by reportable segment for the periods indicated is set forth below.
|
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||
|
(US$ in millions) |
|||||||||
Volume (in thousands of metric tons): |
||||||||||
Agribusiness |
108,693 | 111,040 | 113,448 | |||||||
Sugar and Bioenergy |
8,222 | 6,693 | 4,213 | |||||||
Edible Oil Products |
5,976 | 5,688 | 5,736 | |||||||
Milling Products |
4,605 | 4,332 | 3,932 | |||||||
Fertilizer |
7,709 | 11,634 | 11,134 | |||||||
Total |
135,205 | 139,387 | 138,463 | |||||||
Net sales: |
||||||||||
Agribusiness |
$ | 30,138 | $ | 27,934 | $ | 35,670 | ||||
Sugar and Bioenergy |
4,455 | 2,577 | 1,018 | |||||||
Edible Oil Products |
6,783 | 6,184 | 8,216 | |||||||
Milling Products |
1,605 | 1,527 | 1,810 | |||||||
Fertilizer |
2,726 | 3,704 | 5,860 | |||||||
Total |
$ | 45,707 | $ | 41,926 | $ | 52,574 | ||||
Cost of goods sold: |
||||||||||
Agribusiness |
$ | (28,478 | ) | $ | (26,604 | ) | $ | (33,661 | ) | |
Sugar and Bioenergy |
(4,354 | ) | (2,528 | ) | 998 | |||||
Edible Oil Products |
(6,356 | ) | (5,772 | ) | (7,860 | ) | ||||
Milling Products |
(1,437 | ) | (1,375 | ) | (1,608 | ) | ||||
Fertilizer |
(2,571 | ) | (4,443 | ) | (4,411 | ) | ||||
Total |
$ | (43,196 | ) | $ | (40,722 | ) | $ | (48,538 | ) | |
Gross profit: |
||||||||||
Agribusiness |
$ | 1,660 | $ | 1,330 | $ | 2,009 | ||||
Sugar and Bioenergy |
101 | 49 | 20 | |||||||
Edible Oil Products |
427 | 412 | 356 | |||||||
Milling Products |
168 | 152 | 202 | |||||||
Fertilizer |
155 | (739 | ) | 1,449 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 2,511 | $ | 1,204 | $ | 4,036 | ||||
Selling, general & administrative expenses: |
||||||||||
Agribusiness |
$ | (789 | ) | $ | (719 | ) | $ | (819 | ) | |
Sugar and Bioenergy |
(139 | ) | (39 | ) | (39 | ) | ||||
Edible Oil Products |
(332 | ) | (296 | ) | (368 | ) | ||||
Milling Products |
(108 | ) | (96 | ) | (103 | ) | ||||
Fertilizer |
(190 | ) | (192 | ) | (284 | ) | ||||
Total |
$ | (1,558 | ) | $ | (1,342 | ) | $ | (1,613 | ) | |
Gain on sale of fertilizer nutrients assets |
$ | 2,440 | $ | | $ | | ||||
40
|
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||
|
(US$ in millions) |
|||||||||
Foreign exchange gain (loss): |
||||||||||
Agribusiness |
$ | (4 | ) | $ | 216 | $ | (196 | ) | ||
Sugar and Bioenergy |
30 | 2 | (2 | ) | ||||||
Edible Oil Products |
| (4 | ) | (22 | ) | |||||
Milling Products |
(1 | ) | (1 | ) | 1 | |||||
Fertilizer |
(23 | ) | 256 | (530 | ) | |||||
Total |
$ | 2 | $ | 469 | $ | (749 | ) | |||
Equity in earnings of affiliates: |
||||||||||
Agribusiness |
$ | 18 | $ | 15 | $ | 12 | ||||
Sugar and Bioenergy |
(6 | ) | (12 | ) | (6 | ) | ||||
Edible Oil Products |
| 86 | 17 | |||||||
Milling Products |
3 | 4 | 4 | |||||||
Fertilizer |
12 | (13 | ) | 7 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 27 | $ | 80 | $ | 34 | ||||
Noncontrolling interest: |
||||||||||
Agribusiness |
$ | (47 | ) | $ | (26 | ) | $ | (26 | ) | |
Sugar and Bioenergy |
9 | 6 | 2 | |||||||
Edible Oil Products |
(5 | ) | (10 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
Milling Products |
| | | |||||||
Fertilizer |
(35 | ) | 87 | (323 | ) | |||||
Total |
$ | (78 | ) | $ | 57 | $ | (355 | ) | ||
Other income (expense): |
||||||||||
Agribusiness |
$ | 2 | $ | (4 | ) | $ | (21 | ) | ||
Sugar and Bioenergy |
(8 | ) | 2 | 15 | ||||||
Edible Oil Products |
(10 | ) | (7 | ) | 14 | |||||
Milling Products |
5 | (1 | ) | | ||||||
Fertilizer |
(15 | ) | (15 | ) | 2 | |||||
Total |
$ | (26 | ) | $ | (25 | ) | $ | 10 | ||
Loss on extinguishment of debt: |
||||||||||
Other |
$ | (90 | ) | $ | | $ | | |||
Segment earnings before interest and tax (1): |
||||||||||
Agribusiness |
$ | 840 | $ | 812 | $ | 959 | ||||
Sugar and Bioenergy |
(13 | ) | 8 | (10 | ) | |||||
Edible Oil Products |
80 | 181 | (11 | ) | ||||||
Milling Products |
67 | 58 | 104 | |||||||
Fertilizer |
2,344 | (616 | ) | 321 | ||||||
Other |
(90 | ) | | | ||||||
Total |
$ | 3,228 | $ | 443 | $ | 1,363 | ||||
41
|
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||
|
(US$ in millions) |
|||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization: |
||||||||||
Agribusiness |
$ | (179 | ) | $ | (179 | ) | $ | (178 | ) | |
Sugar and Bioenergy |
(116 | ) | (15 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
Edible Oil Products |
(78 | ) | (73 | ) | (74 | ) | ||||
Milling Products |
(27 | ) | (27 | ) | (18 | ) | ||||
Fertilizer |
(43 | ) | (149 | ) | (161 | ) | ||||
Total |
$ | (443 | ) | $ | (443 | ) | $ | (439 | ) | |
Net income attributable to Bunge |
$ | 2,354 | $ | 361 | $ | 1,064 | ||||
A reconciliation of total segment EBIT to net income attributable to Bunge follows:
|
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(US$ in millions)
|
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Total segment earnings before interest and tax |
$ | 3,228 | $ | 443 | $ | 1,363 | ||||
Interest income |
69 | 122 | 214 | |||||||
Interest expense |
(298 | ) | (283 | ) | (361 | ) | ||||
Income tax |
(689 | ) | 110 | (245 | ) | |||||
Noncontrolling interest share of interest and tax |
44 | (31 | ) | 93 | ||||||
Net income attributable to Bunge |
$ | 2,354 | $ | 361 | $ | 1,064 | ||||
2010 Compared to 2009
Agribusiness Segment. Agribusiness segment net sales increased 8% due primarily to higher agricultural commodity prices when compared to 2009. Volumes decreased by 2% from 2009 due to lower grain origination and oilseed processing volumes in Europe as a severe drought and export restrictions in Eastern Europe reduced volumes, which were partially offset by strong demand from China in the first half of 2010 and higher South American volumes compared to 2009 when South American crops were reduced due to adverse weather conditions.
Cost of goods sold increased 7% primarily due to higher agricultural commodity prices when compared to 2009. Cost of goods sold in 2010 included $36 million in impairment and restructuring charges primarily related to the write-down of an oilseed processing and refining facility in Europe and the closure of an older, less efficient North American oilseed processing facility. 2009 included $15 million of impairment and restructuring charges.
Gross profit increased 25% from 2009 as a result of strong margins in grain origination which more than offset lower oilseed processing margins across all of our geographies in 2010. Gross profit in
42
2010 included $36 million of impairment and restructuring charges. Risk management strategies performed well overall in a volatile market in 2010.
SG&A increased 10% largely due to higher employee related costs and the unfavorable impact of the weaker average U.S. dollar on foreign local currency costs when translated to U.S. dollars. Restructuring charges of $4 million were recorded in 2010 compared to $26 million of impairment charges related to certain real estate assets and an equity investment in a North American biodiesel company in 2009.
Foreign exchange losses were $4 million in 2010 compared to gains of $216 million in 2009, which reflected the impact of the significant Brazilian real appreciation on our net U.S. dollar monetary liability position in Brazil in 2009.
Equity in earnings of affiliates increased in 2010 due primarily to improved results in our South American oilseed processing joint ventures.
Noncontrolling interest was $(47) million in 2010 and $(26) million in 2009 and represents the noncontrolling interest share of period income at our non-wholly owned subsidiaries, primarily our oilseed processing operations in China.
Other income (expense) for 2010 was income of $2 million compared to a net expense of $(4) million in 2009.
Agribusiness segment EBIT increased 3% primarily as a result of the factors discussed above.
Sugar and Bioenergy Segment. Sugar and bioenergy segment net sales increased 73% when compared to 2009 due to the expansion of our sugar and ethanol production activities in Brazil, driven by our 2010 acquisition of the Moema mills. The increased net sales also reflect increased sugar and ethanol prices in 2010. Volumes increased 23%, mainly from this expansion of our sugar industrial business.
Cost of goods sold increased 72% due to a number of factors, including the Moema acquisition and increased prices of sugarcane. In addition, cost of goods sold includes the impact of the severe drought which reduced the availability and quality of sugarcane for production. The impact of operating our facilities below capacity, including losses from settlement of certain forward contracts for which we did not have sufficient sugar production to meet related delivery obligations and higher fixed cost absorption, increased cost of goods sold. Further, the drought impact includes a charge for the loss of portions of our growing sugarcane. Increased costs and start-up challenges related to construction and expansion at certain of our mills also contributed to the increase. The unfavorable impact of a weaker U.S. dollar on the translation of local currency costs to U.S. dollars also contributed to the increase.
Gross profit increased to $101 million in 2010 from $49 million in 2009 primarily as a result of the increased volumes from acquisition of the Moema mills and improved margins in our sugar trading and merchandising business, largely offset by the impact of a drought in our primary sugarcane growing areas in Brazil and increased costs incurred in connection with construction and expansion projects at two mills that were completed in the fourth quarter of 2010.
SG&A expenses increased to $139 million in 2010 from $39 million in 2009 primarily due to the addition of the Moema mills and the related expansion of our industrial operations. SG&A was also unfavorably impacted by the impact of a weaker U.S. dollar on the translation of local currency costs into U.S. dollars. In addition, 2010 includes transaction costs of $11 million related to the Moema acquisition and restructuring charges of $3 million related to consolidation of our Brazilian operations.
Foreign exchange gains increased by $28 million to $30 million in 2010 compared to $2 million in 2009 driven primarily by the volatility of the Brazilian real-U.S. dollar exchange during 2010 on our expanded industrial operations in Brazil.
43
Equity in earnings of affiliates was a loss of $6 million in 2010 compared to a loss of $12 million in 2009 representing the results of our North American bioenergy investments.
Noncontrolling interest was $9 million in 2010 and $6 million in 2009 and represents the noncontrolling interest share of period losses at our non-wholly owned Brazilian sugar cane mills.
Segment EBIT decreased by $21 million to a loss of $13 million from income of $8 million in 2009 largely due to the impact of operating our facilities significantly below capacity, the related settlement losses on forward contracts, and the destruction of a portion of our growing sugarcane due to the severe drought conditions in Brazil. These impacts reduced gross profit to a level that was below our total selling, general and administrative expenses, contributing to the EBIT loss.
Edible Oil Products Segment. Edible oil products segment net sales increased 10% primarily due to higher average selling prices. Volumes increased 5% primarily driven by higher volumes in North America and Europe.
Cost of goods sold increased 10% as a result of higher raw material prices, higher volumes and the unfavorable impact of the weaker U.S. dollar on the translation of local currency costs in Brazil into U.S. dollars. Cost of goods sold also included impairment charges of $27 million in 2010 primarily related to the write-down of a European oilseed processing and refining facility. Impairment and restructuring charges were $3 million in 2009.
Gross profit increased 4%, primarily as a result of improved margins resulting from a better alignment of selling prices and cost of goods sold in Europe and an improved product mix in North America in 2010, which were partially offset by the $27 million of impairment and restructuring charges.
SG&A increased 12% primarily due to the impact of a weaker average U.S. dollar on foreign local currency costs in Brazil translated into U.S. dollars and restructuring charges of $2 million.
Foreign exchange results for 2010 were negligible compared with losses of $4 million in 2009.
Equity in earnings of affiliates was negligible for 2010 compared to $86 million in 2009, which included a $66 million gain related to Bunge's sale of its 33.34% interest in Saipol, a European edible oil joint venture in the fourth quarter of 2009. In addition, our share of Saipol's earnings for 2009 was $20 million. Noncontrolling interest decreased due to weaker results in non-wholly owned subsidiaries, mainly in Poland.
Other income (expense) was a net expense of $9 million in 2010 compared to net expense of $7 million in 2009.
Segment EBIT decreased by $101 million to $80 million from $181 million in 2009. EBIT for 2010 included impairment and restructuring charges of $29 million. EBIT for 2009 included $86 million from our share of earnings in Saipol and the gain on the sale of our Saipol investment.
Milling Products Segment. Milling products segment net sales increased 5% from 2009 primarily due to higher volumes and higher average selling prices in wheat milling as global wheat prices increased due to drought related crop shortages in Eastern Europe.
Cost of goods sold increased 5% when compared to 2009 primarily due to higher volumes and impairment and restructuring charges of $12 million related primarily to the write-down of a long-term supply agreement that accompanied a wheat mill acquisition.
Gross profit increased 11% primarily as a result of better operating conditions for our wheat mills in Brazil compared to 2009, when a very large Brazilian wheat crop brought smaller, opportunistic competitors into the market for the crop season, pressuring wheat milling margins. The higher gross profit in wheat milling are partially offset by lower volumes and margins in corn milling.
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SG&A expenses increased 13% primarily due to restructuring charges of $3 million and the unfavorable impact of foreign exchange translation of the Brazilian real into U.S. dollars.
Other income of $4 million in 2010 was primarily related to a gain on the sale of a wheat milling facility in Brazil.
Segment EBIT increased to $67 million in 2010 from $58 million in 2009 as a result of the factors described above.
Fertilizer Segment. Fertilizer segment net sales declined 26% during 2010 when compared to 2009 primarily due to the sale of our Brazilian nutrients assets, including our interest in Fosfertil, in the second quarter of 2010. Volumes declined 34% compared to 2009 due primarily to the sale of our Brazilian nutrients assets as well as lost sales opportunities and other disruptions as we continued to adjust our footprint and business model following the sale of these assets.
Cost of goods sold decreased 42% primarily as a result of lower volumes and raw material costs compared to 2009, 2010 also included restructuring charges of $4 million.
Gross profit increased to $155 million in 2010 from a loss of $739 million in 2009 as a result of improved margins resulting from lower raw material and finished product inventory costs and lower depreciation, depletion and amortization expenses as a result of the sale of the Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets. Gross profit also increased as a result of our Argentine fertilizer acquisition in January, 2010.
SG&A declined slightly to $190 million in 2010 from $192 million in 2009 primarily as a result of the elimination of certain costs associated with the Brazilian nutrients assets, which was partially offset by expenses at our Argentine operations and the unfavorable impact of a weaker U.S. dollar on functional currency expenses when translated into U.S. dollars. 2009 included a transactional tax credit of $32 million due to a law change in Brazil.
Gain on sale of fertilizer nutrients assets was $2,440 million in 2010. The disposal of our Brazilian nutrients assets, including our investments in Fosfertil and Fosbrasil, a phosphoric acid joint venture, was completed during the second quarter of 2010. The reported gain is net of approximately $152 million of transaction related costs.
Foreign exchange losses of $23 million in 2010 decreased from a gain of $256 million in 2009, primarily driven by lower U.S. dollar monetary liability positions funding working capital during 2010 when compared to 2009.
Equity in earnings of affiliates increased by $25 million to $12 million from 2009 due to improved results in our Moroccan phosphate joint venture which began operations in 2009.
Noncontrolling interest was $(35) million in 2010, which was the noncontrolling interest share of period income at Fosfertil. In 2009, noncontrolling interest was $87 million, which was the noncontrolling interest share of period losses at Fosfertil. Our investment in Fosfertil was included in the Brazilian nutrients assets sale in the second quarter of 2010 and accordingly, Fosfertil was deconsolidated from our financial statements as of the sale date.
Segment EBIT increased to $2,344 million as a result of the gain on the sale of the Brazilian nutrients assets and improved gross profit when compared to losses of $616 million in 2009 when results were impacted by high inventory costs in a declining price environment.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt. In 2010, we recorded an expense of $90 million, primarily related to make-whole payments made in connection with the early repayment of approximately $827 million of debt with a portion of the proceeds from the sale of the Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets.
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Interest. A summary of consolidated interest income and expense for the periods indicated follows:
|
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(US$ in millions)
|
2010 | 2009 | |||||
Interest income |
$ | 69 | $ | 122 | |||
Interest expense |
(298 | ) | (283 | ) |
Interest income decreased 43% primarily due to lower rates on interest bearing cash balances. Interest expense increased 5% due primarily to debt acquired as part of the Moema acquisition at higher average borrowing rates and higher average working capital requirements during 2010 when compared to 2009. These increases were partially offset by reduced average borrowings in the latter part of 2010 resulting from the early extinguishment of debt noted above. Interest expense includes facility commitment fees, amortization of deferred financing costs and charges on certain lending transactions, including certain intercompany loans and foreign currency conversions in Brazil.
Income Tax Expense. In 2010, we recorded an income tax expense of $689 million compared to an income tax benefit of $110 million in 2009. The effective tax rate for 2010 was 23% compared to a benefit of 76% for 2009. The higher effective tax rate for 2010 resulted primarily from the gain on the Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets sale in the second quarter of 2010. The benefit for 2009 resulted primarily from a combination of losses in our Brazilian fertilizer operations altering the mix of earnings among tax jurisdictions and tax benefits of approximately $25 million primarily related to the reversal of a valuation allowance at a European subsidiary and the receipt of a favorable ruling in Brazil regarding an uncertain tax position.
Included in our income tax expense for 2010 was the $539 million of tax reported on the gain of the Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets sale that occurred in the second quarter of 2010 and $80 million for valuation allowances related to deferred tax assets which we currently do not expect to fully recover prior to their expiration. 2010 tax expense also included $15 million of tax expense related to the new "thin capitalization" tax legislation that was enacted in Brazil in September 2010, which denies income tax deductions for interest payments with respect to certain debt to the extent a company's debt-to-equity ratio exceeds a certain threshold or the debt is with related parties located in a tax haven jurisdiction as defined under the law.
Net Income Attributable to Bunge. 2010 net income attributable to Bunge increased by $1,993 million to net income of $2,354 million from $361 million in 2009. Net income attributable to Bunge for 2010 included the result of the gain on the sale of the Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets of $1,901 million and net impairment and restructuring charges of $76 million. Net income attributable to Bunge for 2009 included $21 million related to the reversal of a provision due to a change in Brazilian law and a gain of $66 million related to the disposition of Bunge's interest in Saipol as well as net impairment and restructuring charges of $36 million.
2009 Compared to 2008
Agribusiness Segment. Agribusiness segment net sales decreased 21% due primarily to lower agricultural commodity prices when compared to the historically high prices experienced during much of 2008. Volumes decreased by 2% from 2008 primarily due to lower overall grain and oilseed distribution volumes as a result of the reduced soybean crops in South America. Partially offsetting this decrease was strong demand for soybeans from China, as well as higher oilseed processing volumes in Eastern Europe and Asia, reflecting our investments to expand in these high growth areas.
Cost of goods sold decreased 20% primarily due to lower agricultural commodity prices when compared to the historically high prices experienced during much of 2008. Cost of goods sold in 2008
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included $181 million of mark-to-market valuation adjustments related to counterparty risk on commodity and other derivative contracts, which was partially offset by $117 million of transactional tax credits in Brazil. Cost of goods sold in 2009 included $15 million in restructuring and impairment charges compared to $23 million in 2008.
Gross profit decreased 34% from the exceptionally strong margins experienced in 2008 as a result of weaker margins in our oilseed processing and distribution businesses primarily in Europe. Gross profit in 2008 included $181 million of mark-to-market valuation adjustments related to counterparty risk on commodity and other derivative contracts, which were partially offset by transactional tax credits of $117 million as a result of a favorable tax ruling in Brazil.
SG&A decreased 12% largely due to lower employee variable compensation related costs, focused cost reduction efforts and the beneficial impact of the stronger U.S. dollar on foreign local currency costs when translated to U.S. dollars. These cost reductions were partially offset by $26 million of impairment charges related to certain real estate assets and an equity investment in a North American biodiesel company. In 2008, SG&A expenses were reduced by $60 million of transactional tax credits in Brazil resulting from a favorable tax ruling.
Foreign exchange gains of $216 million reflected mainly the impact of the Brazilian real appreciation on the net U.S. dollar monetary liability position in Brazil compared to $196 million of losses in 2008 resulting from depreciation of the Brazilian real. Foreign exchange gains and losses in our agribusiness segment were substantially offset by the currency impact on inventory mark-to-market valuations, which were included in cost of goods sold.
Equity in earnings of affiliates increased in 2009 due primarily to higher results in Solae, our North American soy ingredients joint venture.
Noncontrolling interest increased due to improved results in non-wholly owned subsidiaries, largely in our oilseed processing operations in China, which was partially offset by weaker results in Poland.
Other income (expense) for 2009 was a net expense of $4 million compared to a net expense of $21 million in 2008. Other income (expense) for 2008 included a provision of $19 million for an adverse ruling related to a Brazilian social security claim.
Agribusiness segment EBIT decreased 15% primarily as a result of the factors discussed above.
Sugar and Bioenergy Segment. Sugar and Bioenergy segment net sales increased 97% due primarily to the 59% increase in sugar merchandising volumes and higher average selling prices. Sugar prices in 2009 more than doubled compared to prices in 2008.
Cost of goods sold increased 97% primarily due to the increase in sales volumes and higher average raw material costs.
Gross profit increased 145% primarily due to the higher sales volumes.
SG&A for 2009 and 2008 was $39 million.
Foreign exchange gains of $2 million reflected mainly the impact of the Brazilian real appreciation on the net U.S. dollar monetary liability position in Brazil compared to $2 million of losses in 2008 resulting from depreciation of the Brazilian real.
Equity in earnings of affiliates decreased in 2009 due primarily to lower results in our North American biofuels joint ventures.
Noncontrolling interest increased due to lower results in non-wholly owned subsidiaries.
Other income (expense) for 2008 of $15 million consisted primarily of a gain relating to the acquisition of certain sugar assets.
Segment EBIT increased by 180% primarily as a result of the factors discussed above.
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Edible Oil Products Segment. Edible oil products segment net sales decreased 25% primarily due to lower average selling prices as a result of lower crude vegetable oil prices when compared to the historically high agricultural commodity prices experienced during much of 2008. Volumes decreased 1% largely driven by a highly competitive environment and tight crude oil supply in Brazil during the second half of 2009 due to the smaller soybean crop.
Cost of goods sold decreased 27% as a result of lower raw material prices, lower volumes and the beneficial effect of the stronger U.S. dollar on the translation of local currency costs into U.S. dollars. Cost of goods sold also included restructuring and impairment charges totaling $3 million in 2009 and $2 million in 2008.
Gross profit increased 16% primarily as a result of improved margins resulting from a better alignment of selling prices and cost of goods sold primarily in Europe and North America.
SG&A decreased 20% primarily due to lower employee variable compensation related costs, focused cost reduction efforts and the beneficial impact of a stronger U.S. dollar on foreign local currency costs translated into U.S. dollars. SG&A for 2008 included a $2 million credit resulting from a favorable ruling related to certain transactional taxes in Brazil.
Foreign exchange losses totaled $4 million in 2009 compared to losses of $22 million in 2008 primarily due to the impact of fluctuations in certain European currencies partially offset by the impact of a stronger Brazilian real on the U.S. dollar-denominated financing of working capital.
Equity in earnings of affiliates were $86 million in 2009 compared to $17 million in 2008 primarily due to a gain of $66 million, net of tax, on the sale of Bunge's 33.34% interest in Saipol, a European edible oil joint venture in the fourth quarter of 2009.
Noncontrolling interest increased due to higher results in non-wholly owned subsidiaries, mainly in Poland.
Other income (expense) was a net expense of $7 million in 2009 compared to net income of $14 million in 2008. Other income (expense) in 2008 included a $14 million gain on a land sale in North America.
Segment EBIT increased to $181 million from a loss of $11 million in 2008. EBIT for 2009 included the $66 million gain from the sale of our investment in Saipol. In addition, earnings improved significantly in North America and Europe with improved volumes and margins, offset partially by weaker results in Brazil related to a highly competitive environment. EBIT for 2009 also benefited from the impact of a stronger U.S. dollar which reduced translated local currency costs and expenses.
Milling Products Segment. Milling products segment net sales decreased 16% primarily due to lower average selling prices when compared to the historically high wheat and corn raw material prices experienced in 2008. The impact of a weaker average real exchange rate also reduced wheat milling net sales when translated into U.S. dollars. These decreases more than offset a volume increase of 10% in 2009 when compared to 2008, due largely to the acquisition of a U.S. mill in the fourth quarter of 2008. The corn milling volume increase was partially offset by lower volumes in wheat milling as a result of a larger than expected Brazilian wheat crop which resulted in low wheat prices that brought smaller, opportunistic competitors into the wheat milling industry in 2009.
Cost of goods sold decreased 14% due primarily to lower raw material costs as a result of lower raw material prices and the beneficial impact of foreign exchange translation of the Brazilian real into U.S. dollars. These cost reductions were partially offset by the increased sales volumes. Cost of goods sold for 2008 included an $11 million credit resulting from a favorable ruling related to certain transactional taxes in Brazil.
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Gross profit decreased 25% primarily as a result of the highly competitive environment in Brazil's wheat milling industry, which more than offset increased volumes and margins in corn milling. 2008 gross profit included an $11 million transactional tax credit in Brazil.
SG&A expenses decreased 7% primarily due to the impact of foreign exchange translation of the Brazilian real into U.S. dollars.
Other income (expense) was a net expense of $1 million in 2009.
Segment EBIT decreased to $58 million in 2009 from $104 million in 2008 as a result of the factors described above.
Fertilizer Segment. Fertilizer segment net sales decreased 37% as a result of declines in domestic and international fertilizer prices when compared to the historically high international fertilizer prices experienced throughout most of 2008. The impact of these price declines was partially offset by a 4% increase in volume, primarily during the second half of 2009 as farmer purchasing patterns returned to more historical norms compared to 2008. In 2008, farmers accelerated their purchases into the first half of the year due to concerns about rising prices. Additionally, the tight credit environment in late 2008, as a result of the global economic crisis, negatively impacted sales volumes in the second half of that year.
Cost of goods sold increased 1% compared with 2008 in part due to higher volumes as well as high average cost inventories purchased in 2008. Cost of goods sold also included $3 million of restructuring charges in 2009.
Gross profit declined from $1,449 million in 2008 to a loss of $739 million for 2009 primarily as a result of the mismatch between sales prices and high inventory costs largely due to fertilizer purchases in 2008 prior to the decline in international and domestic prices.
SG&A expenses declined 32% in 2009 when compared with 2008 primarily as a result of lower employee variable compensation related costs, focused cost reduction efforts and the beneficial impact of a stronger U.S. dollar on foreign local currency costs. In addition, SG&A for 2009 included a $32 million reversal of a transactional tax provision due to a Brazilian law change.
Foreign exchange gains were $256 million in 2009 compared to losses of $530 million in 2008. These gains were caused primarily by the impact of the stronger Brazilian real on U.S. dollar denominated financings of working capital. The Brazilian real depreciated during 2008. The exchange results are largely offset in the gross margin when the inventories are sold.
Equity in earnings of affiliates was a loss of $13 million in 2009 compared to a gain of $7 million in 2008, due primarily to start-up losses from our Moroccan phosphate joint venture.
Noncontrolling interest declined by $410 million due to losses at Fosfertil in 2009.
Segment EBIT decreased $937 million to a loss of $616 million in 2009 as a result of the factors described above.
Interest. A summary of consolidated interest income and expense for the periods indicated follows:
|
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(US$ in millions)
|
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Interest income |
$ | 122 | $ | 214 | |||
Interest expense |
(283 | ) | (361 | ) |
Interest income decreased 43% primarily due to lower average interest bearing cash balances. Interest expense decreased 22% due to lower average borrowings resulting from decreased working capital requirements as a result of lower commodity prices and also due to lower average interest rates in 2009 compared with 2008. Interest expense includes facility commitment fees, amortization of deferred financing costs and charges on certain lending transactions, including certain intercompany loans and foreign currency conversions in Brazil.
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Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense decreased $355 million to a benefit of $110 million in 2009 from an expense of $245 million in 2008, primarily driven by a decrease in income from operations before income tax of $1,392 million. The effective tax rate for 2009 was a benefit of 76% compared to an expense of 16% for 2008 largely as a result of losses in high tax jurisdictions, primarily in our Fertilizer segment in Brazil.
During 2008, we recorded a reduction of income tax expense relating to unrecognized tax benefits of $27 million, which related primarily to the depreciation of the Brazilian real compared to the U.S. dollar on amounts recorded for the possible realization of these Brazilian deferred tax assets. We requested a ruling on the realization of these deferred tax assets from the applicable tax authorities in 2007. In 2009, we received a favorable ruling and reversed our liability related to this unrecognized tax benefit. This reversal also contributed to the 2009 net tax benefit.
Net Income Attributable to Bunge. Net income attributable to Bunge decreased from a record $1,064 million in 2008 to $361 million in 2009. Net income attributable to Bunge for 2009 included $21 million related to the reversal of a provision due to a change in Brazilian law and a gain of $66 million related to the disposition of Bunge's interest in Saipol as well as net impairment and restructuring charges of $36 million. Net income attributable to Bunge for 2008 included impairment and restructuring charges of $18 million and a transactional tax credit totaling $131 million.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity
Our primary financial objective is to maintain sufficient liquidity, balance sheet strength and financial flexibility in order to fund the requirements of our business efficiently. We generally finance our ongoing operations with cash flows generated from operations, issuance of commercial paper, borrowings under various revolving credit facilities and term loans, as well as proceeds from the issuance of senior notes. Acquisitions and long-lived assets are generally financed with a combination of equity and long-term debt.
Our current ratio, which is a widely used measure of liquidity and is defined as current assets divided by current liabilities, was 1.58 and 1.90 at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents were $578 million at December 31, 2010 and $553 million at December 31, 2009. Cash balances are managed in accordance with our investment policy, the objectives of which are to preserve capital, maximize liquidity and provide appropriate returns. Under our policy, cash balances have been primarily invested in bank time deposits with highly-rated financial institutions and government securities. We received net cash proceeds of $3.5 billion from the sale of our Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets in the second quarter of 2010. Through December 31, 2010, approximately $1.5 billion has been used to repay short- and long-term debt and $354 million to repurchase common shares. The remainder has been used to fund working capital needs.
Readily Marketable Inventories. Readily marketable inventories are agricultural commodity inventories, such as soybeans, soybean meal, soybean oil, corn, wheat, and sugar that are readily convertible to cash because of their commodity characteristics, widely available markets and international pricing mechanisms. Readily marketable inventories in our agribusiness segment were $4,540 million at December 31, 2010 and $3,197 million at December 31, 2009, respectively. Of these agribusiness readily marketable inventories, $4,540 and $3,197 million were at fair value at December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. The sugar and bioenergy segment included readily marketable sugar inventories of $86 million and $21 million at December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. Of these readily marketable sugar inventories, $66 million and $21 million were inventories carried at fair value at December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009,
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respectively, in our trading and merchandising business. Sugar inventories in our industrial production business are readily marketable, but are carried at lower of cost or market. Readily marketable inventories at fair value in the aggregate amount of $225 million and $162 million at December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively, were included in our edible oils products and milling products segment inventories.
We recorded interest expense on debt financing readily marketable inventories of $90 million and $84 million in the twelve months ended December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
Financing Arrangements and Outstanding Indebtedness. We conduct most of our financing activities through a centralized financing structure that enables us and our subsidiaries to borrow more efficiently. This structure includes a master trust facility, the primary assets of which consist of intercompany loans made to Bunge Limited and its subsidiaries. Certain of Bunge Limited's 100%-owned finance subsidiaries, Bunge Limited Finance Corp., Bunge Finance Europe B.V. and Bunge Asset Funding Corp., fund the master trust with long- and short-term debt obtained from third parties, including through our commercial paper program and certain credit facilities, as well as the issuance of senior notes. Borrowings by these finance subsidiaries carry full, unconditional guarantees by Bunge Limited.
Revolving Credit Facilities. At December 31, 2010, we had approximately $2,807 million of aggregate committed borrowing capacity under our commercial paper program and revolving credit facilities, of which all was unused and available. The following table summarizes these facilities as of the periods presented:
|
|
Total Availability |
Borrowings Outstanding | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Commercial Paper Program and Revolving Credit Facilities |
Maturities | December 31, 2010 |
December 31, 2010 |
December 31, 2009 |
|||||||||
|
|
(US$ in millions) |
|||||||||||
Commercial Paper |
2012 | $ | 575 | $ | | $ | | ||||||
Long-Term Revolving Credit Facilities |
2011-2012 | 2,232 | | | |||||||||
Total |
$ | 2,807 | $ | | $ | | |||||||
Our commercial paper program is supported by committed back-up bank credit lines (the liquidity facility) equal to the amount of the commercial paper program provided by lending institutions that are rated at least A-1 by Standard & Poor's and P-1 by Moody's Investor Services. The liquidity facility, which matures in June 2012, permits Bunge, at its option, to set up direct borrowings or issue commercial paper in an aggregate amount of up to $575 million. The cost of borrowing under the liquidity facility would typically be higher than the cost of borrowing under our commercial paper program. At December 31, 2010, no borrowings were outstanding under the commercial paper program.
In addition to the committed facilities above, from time to time, we enter into uncommitted short-term credit lines as necessary based on our liquidity requirements. At December 31, 2010, $1,075 million was outstanding under these uncommitted short-term credit lines. At December 31, 2009, there were no borrowings outstanding under these uncommitted short-term credit lines.
Short- and Long-Term Debt. Our short- and long-term debt increased by $1.1 billion at December 31, 2010 from December 31, 2009, primarily due to increased working capital resulting from higher commodity prices and $555 million of debt assumed in the Moema acquisition, partially offset by debt repayments made with the proceeds received from the sale of our Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets.
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For the year ended December 31, 2010, our average short-and long-term debt outstanding was approximately $4.1 billion compared to $4.9 billion at December 31, 2010 due primarily to rising commodity prices. Generally, our debt levels increase at times of rising commodity prices as we borrow to finance increases in our working capital requirements. For the year ended December 31, 2010, our average short-term debt outstanding was $646 million compared to $1,718 million at December 31, 2010. For the three months ended December 31, 2010, our average short-term debt outstanding was $1,446 million. The largest amount of short-term debt outstanding at month-end during the three months and year ended December 31, 2010 was $1,718 million. The weighted average interest rate on short-term borrowings for the three months ended and as of December 31, 2010 was 2.31% and 2.53%, respectively.
In December 2010, we entered into a $300 million syndicated term loan agreement with a group of lending financial institutions. The term loan has a 3-year maturity and carries interest at the rate of 3.32% per annum.
Our $632 million three-year and $600 million 17-month syndicated revolving credit facilities are scheduled to mature in April 2011. We intend to replace these facilities prior to their maturity dates with a single credit facility in the first quarter of 2011. In addition, we have $475 million of term loans and a 10 billion Japanese Yen term loan maturing in August and October 2011, respectively. We intend to replace these facilities with term debt prior to their maturity. Depending on prevailing conditions in the credit markets, we may face increased borrowing costs as well as higher bank fees in connection with these financings.
We may from time to time seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt in open markets, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The following table summarizes the debt repayments made using proceeds from the sale of our Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets:
(US$ in millions)
|
Aggregate Principal Amount |
Aggregate Repayment Amount |
Repayment Period |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7.44% Senior Guaranteed Notes, Series C, due 2012 |
$ | 351 | $ | 406 | July 2010 | |||||
7.80% Senior Notes, due 2012 |
198 | 230 | July 2010 | |||||||
Term Loan, fixed interest rate of 4.33%, due 2011 |
250 | 260 | July 2010 | |||||||
Other |
632 | 662 | May-July 2010 | |||||||
Total |
$ | 1,431 | $ | 1,558 | ||||||
On July 1, 2010, we redeemed in full our 7.44% Senior Guaranteed Notes, Series C, due September 30, 2012 (the "Senior Guaranteed Notes"), which had a principal amount outstanding of $351 million. The redemption price of the Senior Guaranteed Notes consisted of the principal amount of the Senior Guaranteed Notes, accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date and a make-whole amount as provided in the Note Purchase and Guarantee Agreement, dated as of September 25, 2002, governing the Senior Guaranteed Notes. The aggregate amount paid to the holders of the Senior Guaranteed Notes upon redemption was $406 million, of which $48 million related to the make-whole payment and $7 million to accrued and unpaid interest. Also in July 2010, in connection with this debt redemption, we recorded a loss of $4 million related to the non-cash write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs and unamortized losses on treasury rate lock contracts.
On July 14, 2010, we redeemed in full our 7.80% Senior Notes due 2012 (the "Senior Notes"), which had a principal amount outstanding of $198 million. The redemption price of the Senior Notes consisted of the aggregate principal amount of the Senior Notes, accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date and a make-whole amount as provided in the Indenture. The aggregate amount paid
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to the holders of the Senior Notes on July 14, 2010 was $230 million, of which $28 million related to the make-whole payment and $4 million to accrued and unpaid interest. Also in July 2010, in connection with this debt redemption, we recorded a loss of $2 million related to the non-cash write-off of unamortized debt discount and issuance costs and unamortized losses on treasury rate lock contracts. Prior to the redemption of these notes in July 2010, we repurchased and canceled approximately $2 million of this series of notes in February 2010.
On July 7, 2010, we repaid in full a $250 million syndicated term loan due 2011. The repayment amount of the syndicated term loan consisted of the aggregate principal amount, accrued and unpaid interest to the repayment date and a make-whole amount as provided in the related loan agreement. The aggregate amount paid to the participant banks in the syndicated term loan was $260 million, of which $6 million related to the make-whole payment and $4 million to accrued and unpaid interest.
On July 19, 2010, one of our subsidiaries redeemed certain senior notes issued by it in full, which had an aggregate principal amount of $28 million. The redemption price of the senior notes consisted of the aggregate principal amount of the senior notes, accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date and a make-whole amount as provided in the note agreement governing the senior notes. The aggregate amount paid to the holders of the senior notes was $35 million, of which $7 million related to the make-whole payment. There were no unamortized financing costs related to this debt.
In 2010, as a result of the adoption of a FASB issued standard modifying the treatment of accounts receivable securitization programs, we reduced our utilization of and either terminated or allowed certain accounts receivable securitization programs to expire. We have not and do not expect to experience any material liquidity constraints as a result of the termination or expiration of these facilities. However, in order to maintain financial flexibility, we are currently negotiating terms for a potential new securitization program to be entered into in 2011.
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The following table summarizes our short- and long-term indebtedness at December 31, 2010 and 2009:
|
December 31, | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(US$ in millions)
|
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Short-term debt: |
|||||||||
Short-term debt (1) |
$ | 1,718 | $ | 166 | |||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
612 | 31 | |||||||
Total short-term debt |
2,330 | 197 | |||||||
Long-term debt (2): |
|||||||||
Term loans due 2011LIBOR (3) plus 1.25% to 1.75% |
475 | 475 | |||||||
Term loan due 2011fixed interest rate of 4.33% |
| 250 | |||||||
Term loan due 2013fixed interest rate of 3.32% |
300 | | |||||||
Japanese Yen term loan due 2011Yen LIBOR (4) plus 1.40% |
123 | 108 | |||||||
7.44% Senior Guaranteed Notes, Series C, due 2012 |
| 351 | |||||||
7.80% Senior Notes due 2012 |
| 200 | |||||||
5.875% Senior Notes due 2013 |
300 | 300 | |||||||
5.35% Senior Notes due 2014 |
500 | 500 | |||||||
5.10% Senior Notes due 2015 |
382 | 382 | |||||||
5.90% Senior Notes due 2017 |
250 | 250 | |||||||
8.50% Senior Notes due 2019 |
600 | 600 | |||||||
BNDES (5) loans, variable interest rate indexed to TJLP (6) plus 3.20% to 4.50% payable through 2016 |
118 | 106 | |||||||
Others |
115 | 127 | |||||||
Subtotal |
3,163 | 3,649 | |||||||
Less: Current portion of long-term debt |
(612 | ) | (31 | ) | |||||
Total long-term debt |
2,551 | 3,618 | |||||||
Total debt |
$ | 4,881 | $ | 3,815 | |||||
Credit Ratings. In June 2010, Standard & Poor's Rating Services (S&P), which had placed Bunge's credit ratings on 'CreditWatch' with negative implications in October 2009, removed the 'CreditWatch' and affirmed its BBB- corporate credit rating on Bunge with a negative outlook. In May 2010, Moody's
54
Investors Service affirmed its Baa2 corporate credit ratings on Bunge and changed the rating outlook to stable from negative. In August 2010, Fitch Ratings revised the outlook on our unsecured guaranteed senior notes to BBB (negative outlook) from BBB (stable outlook). Our debt agreements do not have any credit rating downgrade triggers that would accelerate maturity of our debt. However, credit rating downgrades would increase our borrowing costs under our credit facilities and, depending on their severity, could impede our ability to obtain credit facilities or access the capital markets in agreements as a result of such downgrades. A significant increase in our borrowing costs could impair our ability to compete effectively in our business relative to competitors with higher credit ratings.
Our credit facilities and certain senior notes require us to comply with specified financial covenants, including minimum net worth, minimum current ratio, a maximum debt to capitalization ratio and limitations on secured debt. We were in compliance with these covenants as of December 31, 2010.
Interest Rate Swap Agreements. We use interest rate swaps as hedging instruments and record the swaps at fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheets with changes in fair value recorded contemporaneously in earnings. Additionally, the carrying amount of the associated debt is adjusted through earnings for changes in the fair value due to changes in benchmark interest rates. Ineffectiveness, as defined in the Accounting Standards Codification, is recognized to the extent that these two adjustments do not offset.
In December 2010, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement with a notional principal amount of $300 million for the purpose of managing our interest rate exposure related to our $300 million, three-year, fixed rate term loan due 2013. Under the terms of the interest rate swap agreement, we make payments based on six-month LIBOR and receive payments based on a fixed rate.
In addition, in November 2010, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement with a notional principal amount of $175 million for the purpose of managing our interest rate exposure related to our $175 million one-year fixed rate bilateral loan maturing in 2011. Under the terms of the interest rate swap agreement, we make payments based on three-month LIBOR and receive payments based on a fixed rate.
We have accounted for these interest rate swaps as fair value hedges in accordance with a FASB issued standard. The following tables summarize the fair value of our outstanding interest rate swap agreements accounted for as fair value hedges as of December 31, 2010.
|
Maturity | Fair Value Gain | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(US$ in millions, except percentages)
|
December 2013 | December 31, 2010 | |||||
Interest rate swap agreementsnotional amount |
$ | 300 | $ | | |||
Variable rate payable (1) |
2.44 | % | |||||
Fixed rate receivable (2) |
3.32 | % |
|
Maturity | Fair Value Gain | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(US$ in millions, except percentages)
|
November 2011 | December 31, 2010 | |||||
Interest rate swap agreementsnotional amount |
$ | 175 | $ | | |||
Variable rate payable (3) |
0.60 | % | |||||
Fixed rate receivable (2) |
0.76 | % |
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On July 7, 2010, we discontinued the hedge relationship between the $250 million term loan due 2011, which was repaid the same day, and the interest rate swaps with a notional value of $250 million which had been hedging that exposure.
The following table summarizes the fair value of these interest rate swap agreements as of December 31, 2010. The interest rate differential, which settles semi-annually, is recorded as an adjustment to interest expense.
|
Maturity | Fair Value Gain | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(US$ in millions, except percentages)
|
February 2011 | December 31, 2010 | |||||
Interest rate swap agreementsnotional amount |
$ | 250 | $ | 4 | |||
Weighted average variable rate payable (1) |
1.18 | % | |||||
Weighted average fixed rate receivable (2) |
4.33 | % |
The following table summarizes our outstanding interest rate basis swap agreements as of December 31, 2010. These interest rate basis swap agreements do not qualify for hedge accounting, and as a result, changes in fair value of the interest rate basis swap agreements are recorded as an adjustment to earnings.
|
Maturity | Fair Value Loss | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(US$ in millions, except percentages)
|
August 2011 | December 31, 2010 | |||||
Interest rate swap agreementsnotional amount |
$ | 375 | $ | (1 | ) | ||
Weighted average variable rate payable (1) |
0.61 | % | |||||
Weighted average fixed rate receivable (2) |
0.26 | % |
In addition, we have cross currency interest rate swap agreements with an aggregate notional principal amount of 10 billion Japanese Yen maturing in 2011 for the purpose of managing our currency exposure associated with our 10 billion Japanese Yen term loan due 2011. Under the terms of the cross currency interest rate swap agreements, we make U.S. dollar payments based on three-month U.S. dollar LIBOR and receive payments based on three-month Yen LIBOR. We have accounted for these cross currency interest rate swap agreements as fair value hedges. At December 31, 2010, the fair value of the cross currency interest rate swap agreement was a gain of $21 million.
Shareholders' Equity. Our total shareholders' equity was $12,220 million at December 31, 2010, as set forth in the following table:
|
December 31, | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(US$ in millions)
|
2010 | 2009 | |||||
Shareholders' equity: |
|||||||
Mandatory convertible preference shares |
$ | | $ | 863 | |||
Convertible perpetual preference shares |
690 | 690 | |||||
Common shares |
1 | 1 | |||||
Additional paid-in capital |
4,793 | 3,625 | |||||
Retained earnings |
6,153 | 3,996 | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
583 | 319 | |||||
Total Bunge shareholders' equity |
12,220 | 9,494 | |||||
Noncontrolling interest |
334 | 871 | |||||
Total equity |
$ | 12,554 | $ | 10,365 | |||
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Total Bunge shareholders' equity increased to $12,220 million at December 31, 2010 from $9,494 million at December 31, 2009. The increase in shareholders' equity was due primarily to net income of $2,354 million, which includes the gain on the sale of our fertilizer nutrients assets in Brazil, $600 million attributable to the issuance of Bunge Limited common shares in the Moema acquisition and foreign exchange translation gains of $247 million. The increase was partially offset by dividends declared to common shareholders and preferred shareholders of $130 million and $67 million, respectively. On June 8, 2010, the Company announced a common share repurchase program and repurchased approximately $354 million of shares. The treasury shares were fully utilized to satisfy the conversion of Bunge's 5.125% cumulative mandatory convertible preference shares to common shares on December 1, 2010.
Noncontrolling interest decreased to $334 million at December 31, 2010 from $871 million at December 31, 2009, due primarily to the deconsolidation of Fosfertil and derecognition of $588 million of noncontrolling interests resulting from the sale of our Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets. In addition, the noncontrolling interest holders that have a 49% interest in our joint venture that is developing a grain terminal in Longview, Washington, U.S., made a $61 million capital contribution to this joint venture during the twelve months ended December 31, 2010. We have a 51% controlling interest in this joint venture, which we consolidate. We made a proportionate contribution to this joint venture, which resulted in no ownership change.
On December 1, 2010, Bunge's 5.125% cumulative mandatory convertible preference shares were converted to 8,417,215 common shares pursuant to the terms of the instrument governing these securities. Bunge utilized the full balance of treasury shares acquired during the year of 6,714,573 shares and issued 1,702,642 shares of common stock to satisfy the mandatory conversion.
As of December 31, 2010, we had 6,900,000, 4.875% cumulative convertible perpetual preference shares outstanding with an aggregate liquidation preference of $690 million. As a result of adjustments made to the initial conversion price because cash dividends paid on Bunge Limited's common shares exceeded certain specified thresholds, each convertible perpetual preference share has an initial liquidation preference of $100, which will be adjusted for any accumulated and unpaid dividends. Convertible perpetual preference shares carry an annual dividend of $4.875 per share payable quarterly. Each convertible perpetual preference share is convertible, at the holder's option, at any time into 1.0938 Bunge Limited common shares, based on the conversion price of $91.43 per share, subject to certain additional anti-dilution adjustments. At any time on or after December 1, 2011, if the closing price of our common shares equals or exceeds 130% of the conversion price for 20 trading days during any consecutive 30 trading days (including the last trading day of such period), we may elect to cause the convertible perpetual preference shares to be automatically converted into Bunge Limited common shares at the then prevailing conversion price. The convertible perpetual preference shares are not redeemable by us at any time.
Cash Flows
Our cash flow from operations varies depending on, among other items, the market prices and timing of the purchase and sale of our inventories. Generally, during periods when commodity prices are rising, our agribusiness operations require increased use of cash to support working capital to acquire inventories and daily settlement requirements on exchange traded futures that we use to minimize price risk related to our inventories.
2010 Compared to 2009. In 2010, our cash and cash equivalents increased $25 million, reflecting the net proceeds of $3.5 billion (included in cash provided by investing activities), net of $144 million transaction costs and $280 million of withholding tax included as a component of cash used for operations, from our Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets sale, offset by utilization of cash to repay debt,
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repurchase shares and the net impact of cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities. Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $451 million in 2009.
Our operating activities used cash of $2,435 million in 2010, compared to cash used of $368 million in 2009. Our cash flow from operations varies depending on the timing of the acquisition of, and the market prices for our inventories. In 2010, the negative cash flow from operating activities was primarily due to $280 million of withholding taxes and $144 million of transaction closing costs paid related to the sale of our Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets, and increased working capital needs due to increase in commodity prices.
Our operating subsidiaries are primarily funded with U.S. dollar-denominated debt. The functional currency of our operating subsidiaries is generally the local currency and the financial statements are calculated in the functional currency and translated into U.S. dollars. These U.S. dollar-denominated loans are remeasured into their respective functional currencies at exchange rates at the applicable balance sheet date. The resulting gain or loss is included in our consolidated statements of income as a foreign exchange gain or loss. For the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, we had a $75 million loss and a $606 million gain, respectively, on debt denominated in U.S. dollars at our subsidiaries, which was included as an adjustment to reconcile net income to cash (used for) provided by operating activities in the line item "Foreign exchange (gain)/loss on debt" in our consolidated statements of cash flows. This adjustment is required because the cash flow impacts of these gains or losses are recognized as financing activities when the subsidiary repays the underlying U.S. dollar-denominated debt and therefore have no impact on cash flows from operations.
Cash generated from investing activities was $2,509 million in 2010, compared to cash used of $952 million in 2009. The positive cash flow reflects net proceeds of $3.5 billion, net of $144 million transaction costs and $280 million of withholding tax included as a component of cash used for operations, received from the sale of our Brazilian fertilizer nutrients assets, partially offset by cash used for acquisitions and capital expenditures. During 2010, we paid $80 million to acquire the fertilizer business of Petrobras Argentina S.A., $48 million, net of $3 million cash acquired, in connection with the Moema acquisition, $5 million representing a purchase price adjustment for the working capital true-up for our 2009 European margarine acquisition and $5 million to acquire two crushing plants in Turkey. In addition, we paid $64 million to acquire several grain elevators in the U.S., $43 million to acquire a U.S. rice milling business, and $7 million to acquire a Hungarian margarine business. Payments made for capital expenditures in 2010 included investments related to our export grain terminal facility in Washington state in the United States, construction of oilseed processing facilities in Vietnam and China, and construction and/or expansion projects at our sugar mills in Brazil.
During 2009, we acquired a European margarine business for $115 million, net of $5 million cash acquired, a vegetable shortening business in North America for $11 million, additional ownership interest in our wholly-owned subsidiary in Poland for $4 million, provided financing to certain of our agribusiness joint ventures in the United States and provided cash as collateral in connection with our guarantee to a financial institution for a loan made by that institution to one of our biofuel joint ventures in the United States.
Investments in affiliates in 2010 included a $2 million investment in a joint venture in our biofuels business. Investments in affiliates in 2009 included a $6 million investment in a joint venture in our fertilizer business.
Proceeds from the disposal of property, plant and equipment of $16 million in 2010 included the sale of certain buildings and other equipment. Proceeds received in 2009 included $36 million included the sale of certain marine assets and other equipment.
Cash used by financing activities was $30 million in 2010, compared to cash provided of $774 million in 2009. In 2010, we had a net increase of $480 million in borrowings, which primarily
58
financed working capital requirements. This net increase in borrowings excludes $555 million of debt assumed in the Moema acquisition but includes $496 million of Moema debt repaid following completion of the acquisition. In 2009, we had a net increase in borrowings of $166 million, which primarily financed our working capital requirements. In August 2009, we sold 12,000,000 common shares of Bunge Limited in a public equity offering, including the exercise in full of the underwriters' over-allotment option, for which we received net proceeds of approximately $761 million after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and expenses. We used the net proceeds of this offering to repay indebtedness and for other general corporate purposes. We received $6 million and $2 million in 2010 and 2009, respectively, from the issuance of our common shares relating to the exercise of employee stock options under our employee incentive plan. Dividends paid to our common shareholders in 2010 and 2009 were $124 million and $103 million, respectively. Dividends of $78 million were paid to holders of our convertible preference shares in 2010 and 2009. Dividends of $9 million and $17 million were paid to certain noncontrolling interest shareholders in 2010 and 2009, respectively. Financing activities also included capital contributions of $60 million and $87 million from noncontrolling interests, primarily in our sugar business in 2010 and 2009 respectively. In 2010, in connection with our common share repurchase program announced on June 8, 2010, we repurchased 6,714,573 of our common shares at a cost of approximately $354 million.
2009 Compared to 2008. In 2009, our cash and cash equivalents decreased $451 million, reflecting the net impact of cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities, compared to a $23 million increase in our cash and cash equivalents in 2008.
Our operating activities used cash of $368 million in 2009, compared to cash provided of $2,543 million in 2008. Our cash flow from operations varies depending on the timing of the acquisition of, and the market prices for our inventories. In 2009, the negative cash flow from operating activities was primarily a result of lower fertilizer accounts payable and lower net income than in 2008.
Our operating subsidiaries are primarily funded with U.S. dollar-denominated debt. The functional currency of our operating subsidiaries is generally the local currency and the financial statements are calculated in the functional currency and translated into U.S. dollars. These U.S. dollar-denominated loans are remeasured into their respective functional currencies at exchange rates at the applicable balance sheet date. The resulting gain or loss is included in our consolidated statements of income as a foreign exchange gain or loss. For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we had a $606 million gain and a $472 million loss, respectively, on debt denominated in U.S. dollars at our subsidiaries, which was included as an adjustment to reconcile net income to cash provided by (used for) operating activities in the line item "Foreign exchange gain on debt" in our consolidated statements of cash flows. This adjustment is required because the cash flow impacts of these gains or losses are recognized as financing activities when the subsidiary repays the underlying U.S. dollar-denominated debt and therefore have no impact on cash flows from operations.
Cash used for investing activities was $952 million in 2009, compared to cash used of $1,106 million in 2008. Payments made for capital expenditures in 2009 included primarily investments in property, plant and equipment as described under "Capital Expenditures."
Acquisitions of businesses and intangible assets in 2009 included primarily a European margarine business acquired for approximately $115 million, net of $5 million cash acquired and a vegetable shortening business in North America for $11 million. We recorded goodwill of $46 million as a result of these acquisitions.
Investments in affiliates in 2009 included a $6 million investment in a joint venture in our fertilizer business. In 2008, investments in affiliates included $61 million investment for a 50% ownership interest in our Bunge Maroc Phosphore S.A. joint venture. Bunge Maroc Phosphore S.A is accounted for under the equity method of accounting.
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Proceeds from the disposal of property, plant and equipment of $36 million in 2009 included the sale of certain marine assets and other equipment. Proceeds received in 2008 were $39 million, which included $25 million received from the sale of a grain elevator and a sale of land in North America.
Cash provided by financing activities was $774 million in 2009, compared to cash used of $1,146 million in 2008. In 2009, we had $166 million of net borrowings, which primarily financed our working capital requirements. In 2008, we had a $858 million net repayment of debt. In August 2009, we sold 12,000,000 common shares of Bunge Limited in a public offering, including the exercise in full of the underwriters' over-allotment option, for which we received net proceeds of approximately $761 million after deducting underwriter discounts, commissions and expenses. We used the net proceeds of this offering to repay indebtedness and for other general corporate purposes. We received $2 million from the issuance of our common shares relating to the exercise of employee stock options under our employee incentive plan. Dividends paid to our common shareholders in 2009 and 2008 were $103 million and $87 million, respectively. Dividends paid to holders of our convertible preference shares in 2009 and 2008 were $78 million and $81 million, respectively. Dividends of $17 million and $154 million were paid to certain noncontrolling interest shareholders in 2009 and 2008, respectively. Financing activities also included capital contributions of $87 million from noncontrolling interests primarily in our sugar business.
Brazilian Farmer Credit
Background. We advance funds to farmers, primarily in Brazil, through secured advances to suppliers and prepaid commodity purchase contracts. We also sell fertilizer to farmers, primarily in Brazil, on credit as described below. All of these activities are generally intended to be short-term in nature. The ability of our customers and suppliers to repay these amounts is affected by agricultural economic conditions in the relevant geography, which are, in turn, affected by commodity prices, currency exchange rates, crop input costs and crop quality and yields. As a result, these arrangements are typically secured by the farmer's crop and, in many cases, the farmer's land and other assets. On occasion, Brazilian farm economics in certain regions and certain years, particularly 2005 and 2006 have been adversely affected by factors including volatility in soybean prices, a steadily appreciating Brazilian real and poor crop quality and yields. As a result, certain farmers have defaulted on amounts owed. While Brazilian farm economics have improved over the past few years, some Brazilian farmers continue to face economic challenges due to high debt levels and a strong Brazilian real. Upon farmer default, we generally initiate legal proceedings to recover the defaulted amounts. However, the legal recovery process through the judicial system is a long-term process, generally spanning a number of years. As a result, once accounts have been submitted to the judicial process for recovery, we may also seek to renegotiate certain terms with the defaulting farmer in order to accelerate recovery of amounts owed. In addition, we have tightened our credit policies to reduce exposure to higher risk accounts, and have increased collateral requirements for certain customers.
Because Brazilian farmer credit exposures are denominated in local currency, reported values are impacted by movements in the value of the Brazilian real when translated into U.S. dollars. From December 31, 2009 to December 31, 2010, the Brazilian real appreciated by 5%, increasing the reported farmer credit exposure balances when translated into U.S. dollars.
Brazilian Fertilizer Trade Accounts Receivable. In our Brazilian fertilizer operations, customer accounts receivable are intended to be short-term in nature, and are expected to be repaid either in cash or through delivery to Bunge of agricultural commodities when the related crop is harvested. As the farmer's cash flow is seasonal and is typically generated after the crop is harvested, the actual due dates of the accounts receivable are individually determined based upon when a farmer purchases our fertilizer and the anticipated date for the harvest and sale of the farmer's crop. These receivables are typically secured by the farmer's crop. We initiate legal proceedings against customers to collect
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amounts owed which are in default. In some cases, we have renegotiated amounts that were in legal proceedings to secure the subsequent year's crop.
We periodically evaluate the collectibility of our trade accounts receivable and record allowances if we determine that collection is doubtful. We base our determination of the allowance on analyses of credit quality of individual accounts, considering also the economic and financial condition of the farming industry and other market conditions and the fair value of any collateral related to amounts owed. We continuously review defaulted farmer receivables for impairment on an individual account basis. Bunge considers all accounts in legal collection processes to be defaulted and past due. For such accounts, Bunge determines the allowance for uncollectible amounts based on the fair value of the associated collateral, net of estimated costs to sell. For all renegotiated accounts (current and past due), Bunge considers changes in farm economic conditions and other market conditions, its historical experince related to renegotiated accounts and the fair value of collateral in determining the allowance for uncollectible accounts.
In addition to our fertilizer trade accounts receivable, we issue guarantees to third parties in Brazil relating to amounts owed these third parties by certain of our customers. These guarantees are discussed under the heading "Guarantees."
The table below details our Brazilian fertilizer trade accounts receivable balances and the related allowances for doubtful accounts as of the dates indicated:
|
December 31, | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(US$ in millions, except percentages)
|
2010 | 2009 | |||||
Trade accounts receivable (current) |
$ | 172 | $ | 265 | |||
Allowance for doubtful accounts (current) |
4 | 7 | |||||
Trade accounts receivable (non-current) (1) (2) |
266 | 316 | |||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts (non-current) (1) |
117 | 160 | |||||
Total trade accounts receivable (current and non-current) |
438 | 581 | |||||
Total allowance for doubtful accounts (current and non-current) |
121 | 167 | |||||
Total allowance for doubtful accounts as a percentage of total trade accounts receivable |
28 | % | 29 | % |
Secured Advances to Suppliers and Prepaid Commodity Contracts. We purchase soybeans through prepaid commodity purchase contracts (advance cash payments to suppliers against contractual obligations to deliver specified quantities of soybeans in the future) and secured advances to suppliers (advances to suppliers against commitments to deliver soybeans in the future), primarily in Brazil. These financing arrangements are typically secured by the farmer's future crop and mortgages on the farmer's land, buildings and equipment, and are generally settled after the farmer's crop is harvested and sold.
Interest earned on secured advances to suppliers of $25 million, $41 million and $48 million for 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, is included in net sales in the consolidated statements of income.
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The table below shows details of prepaid commodity contracts and secured advances to suppliers outstanding at our Brazilian operations as of the dates indicated. See Note 11 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements for more information.
|
December 31, | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(US$ in millions)
|
2010 | 2009 | |||||
Prepaid commodity contracts |
$ | 255 | $ | 96 | |||
Secured advances to suppliers (current) |
248 | 278 | |||||
Total (current) |
503 | 374 | |||||
Soybeans not yet priced (1) |
(71 | ) | (13 | ) | |||
Net |
432 | 361 | |||||
Secured advances to suppliers (non-current) |
312 | 308 | |||||
Total (current and non-current) |
744 | 669 | |||||
Allowance for uncollectible advances (current and non-current) |
$ | (87 | ) | $ | (75 | ) | |
Capital Expenditures
Our cash payments made for capital expenditures were $1,072 million in 2010, $918 million in 2009 and $896 million in 2008. In 2010, capital expenditures primarily included investments in property, plant and equipment related to expanding our sugar business, constructing, expanding and upgrading port facilities in the United States and Brazil, and construction of oilseed processing facilities in Vietnam and China. In 2009, major capital projects included investments in property, plant and equipment related to expanding our sugar business, expanding and upgrading port facilities in the U.S. and Brazil and expanding and upgrading our mining and fertilizer production capacity in Brazil. In 2008, major capital projects included expansion of our oilseed processing capabilities in the U.S. and construction of new oilseed processing plants in Brazil and Russia, expansion of our Brazilian phosphate rock production capacity, and construction and expansion of sugarcane and ethanol production facilities.
We intend to make capital expenditures of approximately $1,000 million in 2011. Of this amount, we expect that approximately 30% will be used for sustaining current production capacity, as well as for safety and environmental programs. The balance primarily relates to investments to continue to expand our sugarcane milling capacity in Brazil, construct our soy processing facilities in Vietnam, China and Paraguay and our export grain terminal in the U.S. Pacific Northwest, and expansion of our grain elevator network in the U.S. We intend to fund this level of capital expenditures with cash flows from operations and available borrowings.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Guarantees
We have issued or were party to the following guarantees at December 31, 2010:
(US$ in millions)
|
Maximum Potential Future Payments |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
Customer financing (1) |
$ | 71 | ||
Unconsolidated affiliates financing (2) |
56 | |||
Total |
$ | 127 | ||
In addition, Bunge Limited has provided full and unconditional parent level guarantees of the indebtedness outstanding under certain senior credit facilities and senior notes entered into, or issued by, its 100% owned subsidiaries. At December 31, 2010, our consolidated balance sheet includes debt with a carrying amount of $3,405 million related to these guarantees. This debt includes the senior notes issued by two of our 100% owned finance subsidiaries, Bunge Limited Finance Corp. and Bunge N.A. Finance L.P. There are no significant restrictions on the ability of Bunge Limited Finance Corp., Bunge N.A. Finance L.P. or any other subsidiary of ours to transfer funds to Bunge Limited.
Accounts Receivable Securitization Facilities
In January 2010, we adopted a FASB issued standard that resulted in amounts outstanding under our securitization programs being accounted for as secured borrowings and reflected as short-term debt on our consolidated balance sheets. As a result of this change in accounting standards, we significantly reduced our utilization of these programs and either terminated or allowed these programs to expire.
Certain of our European subsidiaries had an accounts receivable securitization facility, through which subsidiaries sold without recourse certain eligible trade accounts receivable up to a maximum amount of 200 million Euro. Utilization of these facilities stopped in March 2010 and the facility was allowed to expire in October 2010. The effective yield rates on accounts receivable sold were based on monthly EUR LIBOR plus 0.295% per annum, which included the program cost and certain administrative fees. In the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, we recognized expenses of approximately $1 million, $5 million and $13 million, respectively, in selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of income related to this facility. At December 31, 2009, we had sold approximately $198 million of accounts receivable to the facility, of which we had retained $56 million of beneficial interests in certain accounts receivable that did not qualify as sales. The
63
beneficial interests were subordinate to investors' interests and were valued at historical cost, which approximated fair value. The beneficial interests were recorded in other current assets in our consolidated balance sheets, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $8 million against the beneficial interests at December 31, 2009. There were no amounts outstanding under the facility at December 31, 2010.
We had two revolving accounts receivable securitization facilities through our North American operating subsidiaries, through which we sold, on a revolving basis, undivided percentage ownership interests (undivided interests) in designated accounts receivable pools without recourse up to a maximum of approximately $221 million as of December 31, 2009. During 2010, we did not utilize these facilities and we terminated the $71 million facility in March 2010 and allowed the $150 million facility to expire in July 2010. The effective rate on these facilities approximated the 30 day commercial paper rate plus annual commitment fees ranging from 90 basis points on an undrawn basis to 150 basis points on a drawn basis. During 2009, outstanding undivided interests averaged $153 million. There were no outstanding undivided interests in pooled accounts receivable at December 31, 2010 or 2009. We recognized expenses of $1 million, $4 million and $7 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, in selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of income.
Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes our scheduled contractual obligations and their expected maturities at December 31, 2010, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in the future periods indicated:
|
At December 31, 2010 | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Contractual Obligations (1)
|
Total | Less than 1 Year |
1-3 Years | 3-5 Years | After 5 Years |
|||||||||||
|
(US$ in millions) |
|||||||||||||||
Other short-term borrowings (1) |
$ | 1,718 | $ | 1,718 | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||
Variable interest rate obligations |
48 | 19 | 17 | 8 | 4 | |||||||||||
Long-term debt (1) |
3,163 | 612 | 672 | 989 | 890 | |||||||||||
Fixed interest rate obligations |
772 | 140 | 268 | 169 | 195 | |||||||||||
Non-cancelable lease obligations |
642 | 165 | 207 | 83 | 187 | |||||||||||
Freight supply agreements (2) |
1,805 | 302 | 269 | 188 | 1,046 | |||||||||||
Inventory purchase commitments |
12 | 12 | | | | |||||||||||
Uncertain income tax positions (3) |
102 | 4 | 18 | 56 | 24 | |||||||||||
Total contractual obligations |
$ | 8,262 | $ | 2,972 | $ | 1,451 | $ | 1,493 | $ | 2,346 | ||||||
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freight compared to the rates at which we have contracted for freight may affect margins on the sales of agricultural commodities.
Also in the ordinary course of business, we enter into relet agreements related to ocean freight vessels that we have leased from third parties. These relet agreements are similar to sub-leases. Payments to be received by us under such relet agreements are anticipated to be approximately $23 million in 2011.
At December 31, 2010, we had $84 million of contractual commitments related to construction in progress.
In addition, we have land lease agreements for the production of sugarcane. These agreements have an average life of six to seven years and cover approximately 133,000 hectares of land. Amounts owed under these agreements are dependent on several variables including the quantity of sugarcane produced per hectare, the total recoverable sugar (TRS) per ton of sugarcane produced and the price for each kilogram of TRS as determined by Consecena, the São Paulo state sugarcane and sugar and ethanol council. The related expense included in cost of goods sold in the consolidated statements of income for 2010 was $61 million.
Employee Benefit Plans
We expect to contribute $29 million to our defined benefit pension plans and $10 million to our post-retirement healthcare benefit plans in 2011.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We believe that the application of the following accounting policies, which are important to our financial position and results of operations, requires significant judgments and estimates on the part of management. For a summary of all of our accounting policies, including the accounting policies discussed below, see Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Allowances for Uncollectible Accounts
Accounts receivable and secured advances to suppliers are stated at the historical carrying amounts net of write-offs and allowances for uncollectible accounts. We establish an allowance for uncollectible trade accounts receivable and secured advances to farmers based on historical experience, farming economic and other market conditions as well as specific identified customer collection issues. Uncollectible accounts are written off when a settlement is reached for an amount that is less than the outstanding historical balance or when we have determined that collection of the balance is unlikely.
We adopted the accounting guidance on disclosure about the credit quality of financing receivables and the allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2010. This guidance requires information to be disclosed at disaggregated levels, defined as portfolio segments and classes. Based upon its analysis of credit losses and risk factors to be considered in determining the allowance for credit losses, we have determined that the long-term receivables from farmers in Brazil is a single portfolio segment.
We evaluate this single portfolio segment by class of receivables, which is defined as a level of information (below a portfolio segment) in which the receivables have the same initial measurement attribute and a similar method for assessing and monitoring risk. We have identified accounts in legal collection processes and renegotiated amounts as classes of long-term receivables from farmers. Valuation allowances for accounts in legal collection processes are determined on individual accounts based on the fair value of the collateral provided as security for the secured advance or credit sale. The
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fair value is determined using a combination of internal and external resources, including published information concerning Brazilian land values by region. For determination of the valuation allowances for renegotiated amounts, we consider historical experience with the individual farmers, current weather and crop conditions, as well as the fair value of non-crop collateral.
For both classes, a long-term receivable from farmers in Brazil is considered impaired, based on current information and events, if we determine it to be probable that all amounts due under the original terms of the receivable will not be collected. Recognition of interest income on secured advances to farmers is suspended once the farmer defaults on the originally scheduled delivery of agricultural commodities as the collection of future income is determined to not be probable. No additional interest income is accrued from the point of default until ultimate recovery, where amounts collected are credited first against the receivable and then to any unrecognized income.
Recoverable Taxes
We evaluate the collectibility of our recoverable taxes and record valuation allowances if we determine that collection is doubtful. Recoverable taxes primarily represent value-added or other similar transactional taxes paid on the acquisition of raw materials and other services which can be recovered in cash or as compensation of outstanding balances against income taxes or certain other taxes we may owe. Management's assumption about the collectibility of recoverable taxes requires significant judgment because it involves an assessment of the ability and willingness of the applicable federal or local government to refund the taxes. The balance of these allowances fluctuates depending on the sales activity of existing inventories, purchases of new inventories, percentages of export sales, seasonality, changes in applicable tax rates, cash payment by the applicable government agencies and compensation of outstanding balances against income or certain other taxes owed to the applicable governments. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, the allowance for recoverable taxes was $118 million and $164 million, respectively. We continue to monitor the economic environment and events taking place in the applicable countries and in cases where we determine that recovery is doubtful, recoverable taxes are reduced by allowances for the estimated unrecoverable amounts.
Inventories and Derivatives
We use derivative instruments for the purpose of managing the exposures associated with agricultural commodity prices, transportation costs, foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and energy costs and for positioning our overall portfolio relative to expected market movements in accordance with established policies and procedures. We are exposed to loss in the event of non-performance by counterparties to certain of these contracts. The risk of non-performance is routinely monitored and adjustments recorded, if necessary, to account for potential non-performance. Different assumptions, changes in economic circumstances or the deterioration of the financial condition of the counterparties to these derivative instruments could result in additional fair value adjustments and increased expense reflected in cost of goods sold, foreign exchange or interest expense. We did not have significant allowances relating to non-performance by counterparties at December 31, 2010 and 2009. At December 31, 2008, we recorded allowances of $181 million for current mark-to-market values of open positions and over-the-counter transactions related to non-performance by specific customers, of which $136 million was recorded in cost of goods sold and $45 million was recorded as bad debt expense in selling, general and administrative expenses.
Our readily marketable commodity inventories, forward purchase and sale contracts, and exchange traded futures and options are valued at fair value. Readily marketable inventories are freely-traded, have quoted market prices, may be sold without significant additional processing and have predictable and insignificant disposal costs. We estimate fair values of commodity inventories and forward purchase and sale contracts based on exchange-quoted prices, adjusted for differences in local markets. Changes in the fair values of these inventories and contracts are recognized in our consolidated statements of
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income as a component of cost of goods sold. If we used different methods or factors to estimate fair values, amounts reported as inventories and unrealized gains and losses on derivative contracts in the consolidated balance sheets and cost of goods sold could differ. Additionally, if market conditions change subsequent to year-end, amounts reported in future periods as inventories, unrealized gains and losses on derivative contracts and cost of goods sold could differ.
Property, Plant and Equipment and Other Intangible Assets
Long-lived assets include property, plant and equipment and intangible assets. When facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying values of property, plant and equipment assets may be impaired, an evaluation of recoverability is performed by comparing the carrying value of the assets to the projected future cash flows to be generated by such assets. If it appears that the carrying value of our assets is not recoverable, we recognize an impairment loss as a charge against results of operations. Our judgments related to the expected useful lives of property, plant and equipment assets and our ability to realize undiscounted cash flows in excess of the carrying amount of such assets are affected by factors such as the ongoing maintenance of the assets, changes in economic conditions and changes in operating performance. As we assess the ongoing expected cash flows and carrying amounts of our property, plant and equipment assets, changes in these factors could cause us to realize material impairment charges.
In 2010, we recorded pretax non-cash impairment charges of $77 million in cost of goods sold, which consisted of $42 million related to the write-down of a European oilseed processing and refining facility that commenced operations in 2008 but has not reached its expected profitability, $12 million related to the closure of an older, less efficient oilseed processing facility in the United States and a co-located corn oil extraction line, $9 million related to the closure of oilseed processing and refining facilities in Europe with restructuring of our European footprint, $9 million related to a long-term supply contract acquired in connection with a wheat mill acquisition in Brazil, $3 million related to the write-down of an older and less efficient Brazilian distribution center and $2 million related to the write-down of an administrative office in Brazil.
In 2009, we recorded pretax non-cash impairment charges of $5 million in cost of goods sold in our agribusiness segment, relating to the permanent closure of a smaller, older and less efficient oilseed processing and refining facility in Brazil. In addition, we recorded $16 million of pretax non-cash impairment charges in selling, general and administrative expenses in our agribusiness segment, relating to the write-down of certain real estate assets in South America. The fair values of the real estate assets were determined by using third-party valuations.
In 2008, we recorded pretax non-cash impairment charges of $16 million and $2 million in cost of goods sold in our agribusiness and edible oil products segments, respectively, relating to the permanent closures of a smaller, older and less efficient oilseed processing and refining facility in Europe and a smaller, older and less efficient oilseed processing plant in the United States. The fair values of land and equipment at these facilities were determined by using third-party valuations.
Investments in Affiliates
We continually review our equity investments to determine whether a decline in fair value below the cost basis is other-than-temporary. We consider various factors in determining whether to recognize an impairment charge, including the length of time that the fair value of the investment is less than our carrying value, the financial condition, operating performance and near term prospects of the investment, which include general market conditions specific to the investment or the industry in which it operates, and our intent and ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for the recovery in fair value. In 2009, we recorded $10 million of pretax non-cash impairment charges in selling, general and administrative expenses in our agribusiness segment relating to an equity investment in a U.S. biodiesel producer. The fair value of this investment was determined utilizing
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projected cash flows of the biodiesel producer. We did not have any significant impairment charges relating to our equity investments in 2010 or 2008.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible net assets acquired in a business acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment annually in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year or whenever there are indicators that the carrying value of the assets may not be fully recoverable. We use a two step process to test goodwill at the reporting unit level. The first step involves a comparison of the estimated fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying value. Fair value is estimated using discounted cash flows of the reporting unit based on planned growth rates and estimates of discount rates. If the carrying value exceeds the fair value, the second step of the process is necessary. The second step measures the difference between the carrying value and implied fair value of goodwill. To test indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, we compare the fair value of the intangible assets with their carrying values. The fair values of indefinite-lived intangible assets are determined using estimated discount rates. If the carrying value of an intangible asset exceeds its estimated fair value, the intangible asset is considered impaired and is reduced to its fair value. Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. If estimates or related projections of the fair values of reporting units or indefinite-lived intangible assets change in the future, we may be required to record impairment charges.
We performed our annual impairment tests in the fourth quarters of 2010, 2009 and 2008. For the year ended December 31, 2010, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $3 million in the milling products segment (see Note 9 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements). There were no impairments of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008.
Contingencies
We are a party to a large number of claims and lawsuits, primarily tax and labor claims in Brazil, arising in the normal course of business, and have accrued our estimate of the probable costs to resolve these claims. This estimate has been developed in consultation with in-house and outside counsel and is based on an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement strategies. Future results of operations for any particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected by changes in our assumptions or the effectiveness of our strategies relating to these proceedings. For more information on tax and labor claims in Brazil, please see "Item 3. Legal Proceedings."
Employee Benefit Plans
We sponsor various U.S. and foreign pension and post-retirement benefit plans. In connection with the plans, we make various assumptions in the determination of projected benefit obligations and expense recognition related to pension and post-retirement obligations. Key assumptions include discount rates, rates of return on plan assets, asset allocations and rates of future compensation increases. Management develops its assumptions based on its experience and by reference to market related data. All assumptions are reviewed periodically and adjusted as necessary.
A one percentage point decrease in the assumed discount rate on primarily the U.S. and foreign defined benefit pension plans would increase annual expense by $7 million and $1 million, respectively, and would increase the projected benefit obligation by $65 million and $18 million, respectively. A one percentage point increase in the assumed discount rate would decrease annual expense by $4 million on the U.S. defined pension plans and have an immaterial effect on the expense of the foreign defined benefit plans and would increase the projected benefit obligation of the U.S. and foreign defined pension plans by $53 million and $16 million, respectively. A one percentage point increase or decrease
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in the long-term return assumptions on our defined benefit pension plan assets would increase or decrease annual pension expense by $3 million and $1 million, respectively.
Income Taxes
We record valuation allowances to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that we are likely to realize. We consider projections of future taxable income and prudent tax planning strategies to assess the need for and the size of the valuation allowances. If we determine that we can realize a deferred tax asset in excess of our net recorded amount, we decrease the valuation allowance, thereby increasing net income. Conversely, if we determine that we are unable to realize all or part of our net deferred tax asset, we increase the valuation allowance, thereby decreasing net income.
Prior to recording a valuation allowance, our deferred tax assets were $1,884 million and $1,748 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. However, we have recorded valuation allowances of $245 million and $116 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, primarily representing the uncertainty regarding the recoverability of certain net operating loss carryforwards.
We apply a "more likely than not" threshold to the recognition and de-recognition of tax benefits. The calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions across our global operations. We recognize potential liabilities and record tax liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues in the U.S. and other tax jurisdictions based on our estimate of whether it is more likely than not additional taxes will be due. We adjust these liabilities in light of changing facts and circumstances; however, due to the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a payment that is materially different from our current estimate of the tax liabilities. If our estimate of tax liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate assessment, an additional charge to expense would result. If payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be less than the recorded amounts, the reversal of the liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when we determined the liabilities are no longer necessary. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, we had recorded tax liabilities of $102 million and $111 million, respectively, in our consolidated balance sheets.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Adoption of New Accounting PronouncementsAmendment to ConsolidationIn June 2009, the FASB issued a standard that requires an enterprise to (1) determine whether an entity is a variable interest entity (VIE), (2) determine whether the enterprise has a controlling financial interest indicating it is a primary beneficiary of a VIE, which would result in the enterprise being required to consolidate the VIE in its financial statements, and (3) provide enhanced disclosures about the enterprise's involvement in VIEs. As a result of the adoption of this standard on January 1, 2010, we consolidated one of our agribusiness joint ventures (see Note 23 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements).
Accounting for Transfers of Financial AssetsIn June 2009, the FASB issued a standard that amended a previously issued standard to improve the information reported in financial statements related to the transfer of financial assets and the effects of the transfers of such assets on the financial position, results from operations and cash flows of the transferor and a transferor's continuing involvement, if any, with transferred financial assets. In addition, the amendment limits the circumstances in which a financial asset or a portion of a financial asset should be derecognized in the financial statements of the transferor when the transferor has not transferred the entire original financial asset. Upon adoption of this standard on January 1, 2010, all trade accounts receivables sold after that date under our accounts receivable securitization programs (the "securitization programs") are included in trade accounts receivable and the amounts outstanding under the securitization programs are accounted for as secured borrowings and are reflected as short-term debt on our consolidated balance sheets. As a result of this adoption, we reduced our utilization of these programs and either terminated or allowed certain of these programs to expire. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial position, results from operations or cash flows.
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Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses In July 2010, the FASB issued a standard that amended a previously issued standard requiring an entity to include additional disaggregated disclosures in their financial statements about their financing receivables, including credit risk disclosures and the allowance for credit losses. Entities with financing receivables will be required to disclose a rollforward of the allowance for credit losses, certain credit quality information, impaired loan information, modification information and past due information. Trade receivables with maturities of less than one year are excluded from the scope of the new disclosures. As a result of the adoption of this standard, we have expanded our disclosures (see Note 11 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements), but the adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our financial position, results from operations or cash flows.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Risk Management
As a result of our global operating and financing activities, we are exposed to changes in, among other things, agricultural commodity prices, transportation costs, foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and energy costs which may affect our results of operations and financial position. We actively monitor and manage these various market risks associated with our business activities. Our risk management decisions take place in various locations but exposure limits are centrally set and monitored. We have a corporate risk management group, headed by our chief risk officer, which analyzes and monitors our risk exposures globally. Additionally, our board of directors' finance and risk policy committee supervises, reviews and periodically revises our overall risk management policies and limits.
We use derivative instruments for the purpose of managing the exposures associated with commodity prices, transportation costs, foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and energy costs and for positioning our overall portfolio relative to expected market movements in accordance with established policies and procedures. We enter into derivative instruments primarily with major financial institutions, commodity exchanges in the case of commodity futures and options, or shipping companies in the case of ocean freight. While these derivative instruments are subject to fluctuations in value, for hedged exposures those fluctuations are generally offset by the changes in fair value of the underlying exposures. The derivative instruments that we use for hedging purposes are intended to reduce the volatility on our results of operations, however, they can occasionally result in earnings volatility, which may be material.
Credit and Counterparty Risk
Through our normal business activities, we are subject to significant credit and counterparty risks that arise through normal commercial sales and purchases, including forward commitments to buy or sell, and through various other over-the-counter (OTC) derivative instruments that we utilize to manage risks inherent in our business activities. We define credit and counterparty risk as a potential financial loss due to the failure of a counterparty to honor its obligations. The exposure is measured based upon several factors, including unpaid accounts receivable from counterparties and unrealized gains from OTC derivative instruments (including forward purchase and sale contracts). We actively monitor credit and counterparty risk through credit analysis by local credit staffs and review by various local and corporate committees which monitor counterparty performance. We record provisions for counterparty losses from time to time as a result of our credit and counterparty analysis.
During periods of tight conditions in global credit markets, downturns in regional or global economic conditions, and/or significant price volatility, credit and counterparty risks are heightened. This increased risk is monitored through, among other things, increased communication with key counterparties, management reviews and specific focus on counterparties or groups of counterparties that we may determine as high risk. In addition, we have limited new credit extensions in certain cases and reduced our use of non-exchange cleared derivative instruments.
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Commodities Risk
We operate in many areas of the food industry, from agricultural raw materials to the production and sale of branded food ingredients. As a result, we purchase and produce various materials, many of which are agricultural commodities, including soybeans, soybean oil, soybean meal, softseeds (including sunflower seed, rapeseed and canola) and related oil and meal derived from them, wheat and corn. In addition, we grow and purchase sugarcane to produce sugar, ethanol and electricity. Agricultural commodities are subject to price fluctuations due to a number of unpredictable factors that may create price risk. As described above, we are also subject to the risk of counterparty non-performance under forward purchase or sale contracts and from time to time have experienced instances of counterparty non-performance, including as a result of significant declines in counterparty profitability under these contracts as a result of significant movements in commodity prices between the time in which the contracts were executed and the contractual forward delivery period.
We enter into various derivative contracts with the primary objective of managing our exposure to adverse price movements in the agricultural commodities used for and produced in our business operations. We have established policies that limit the amount of unhedged fixed price agricultural commodity positions permissible for our operating companies, which are generally a combination of volume and value-at-risk (VaR) limits. We measure and review our net commodities position on a daily basis.
Our daily net agricultural commodity position consists of inventory, forward purchase and sale contracts, over-the-counter and exchange traded derivative instruments, including those used to hedge portions of our production requirements. The fair value of that position is a summation of the fair values calculated for each agricultural commodity by valuing all of our commodity positions at quoted market prices for the period where available or utilizing a close proxy. VaR is calculated on the net position and monitored at the 95% and 99% confidence intervals. In addition, scenario analysis and stress testing are performed. For example, one measure of market risk is estimated as the potential loss in fair value resulting from a hypothetical 10% adverse change in prices. The results of this analysis, which may differ from actual results, are as follows:
|
Year Ended December 31, 2010 |
Year Ended December 31, 2009 |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(US$ in millions)
|
Fair Value | Market Risk | Fair Value | Market Risk | |||||||||
Highest long position |
$ | 2,394 | $ | (239 | ) | $ | 616 | $ | (62 | ) | |||
Highest short position |
(912 | ) | (91 | ) | (943 | ) | (94 | ) |
Ocean Freight Risk
Ocean freight represents a significant portion of our operating costs. The market price for ocean freight varies depending on the supply and demand for ocean vessels, global economic conditions and other factors. We enter into time charter agreements for time on ocean freight vessels based on forecasted requirements for the purpose of transporting agricultural commodities. Our time charter agreements generally have terms ranging from two months to approximately five years. We use financial derivatives, known as freight forward agreements, to hedge portions of our ocean freight costs. The ocean freight derivatives are included in other current assets and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value.
A portion of the ocean freight derivatives have been designated as fair value hedges of our firm commitments to purchase time on ocean freight vessels. Changes in the fair value of the ocean freight derivatives that are qualified, designated and highly effective as a fair value hedge, along with the gain or loss on the hedged firm commitments to purchase time on ocean freight vessels that is attributable to the hedged risk, are recorded in earnings. There was no material gain or loss recognized in cost of goods sold in our consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2010, on the firm commitments to purchase time on ocean freight vessels nor any gain or loss on freight derivative
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contracts. There was no material gain or loss recognized in the consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2010 due to hedge ineffectiveness. In the year ended December 31, 2010, we recognized gains of $14 million in cost of goods sold in our consolidated statements of income related to the amortization of amounts recorded in current and non-current liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet.
Energy Risk
We purchase various energy commodities such as bunker fuel, electricity and natural gas that are used to operate our manufacturing facilities and ocean freight vessels. The energy commodities are subject to price risk. We use financial derivatives, including exchange traded and OTC swaps and options, with the primary objective of hedging portions of our energy exposure. These energy derivatives are included in other current assets and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value.
Currency Risk
Our global operations require active participation in foreign exchange markets. Our primary foreign currency exposures are the Brazilian real, the Euro and other European currencies, the Argentine peso and the Chinese yuan/renminbi. To reduce the risk arising from foreign exchange rate fluctuations we enter into derivative instruments, such as forward contracts and swaps, and to a lesser extent, foreign currency options. The changes in market value of such contracts have a high correlation to the price changes in the related currency exposures. The potential loss in fair value for such net currency position resulting from a hypothetical 10% adverse change in foreign currency exchange rates as of December 31, 2010 was not material.
When determining our exposure, we exclude intercompany loans that are deemed to be permanently invested. The repayments of permanently invested intercompany loans are not planned or anticipated in the foreseeable future and therefore are treated as analogous to equity for accounting purposes. As a result, the foreign exchange gains and losses on these borrowings are excluded from the determination of net income and recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated balance sheets. Included in other comprehensive income (loss) are foreign exchange gains of $195 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 and losses of $357 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, related to permanently invested intercompany loans.
Interest Rate Risk
We have debt in fixed and floating rate instruments. We are exposed to market risk due to changes in interest rates. We enter into interest rate swap agreements to manage our interest rate exposure related to our debt portfolio.
The aggregate fair value of our short- and long-term debt, based on market yields at December 31, 2010, was $5,125 million with a carrying value of $4,881 million.
A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in the interest yields on our debt at December 31, 2010 would result in a decrease of approximately $99 million in the fair value of our debt. Similarly, a decrease of 100 basis points in the interest yields on our debt at December 31, 2010 would cause an increase of approximately $106 million in the fair value of our debt.
A hypothetical 1% change in LIBOR would result in a change of approximately $25 million in our interest expense. Some of our variable rate debt is denominated in currencies other than in U.S. dollars and is indexed to non-U.S. dollar based interest rate indices, such as EURIBOR and TJLP. As such, the hypothetical 1% change in interest rate ignores the impact from any currency movements.
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Derivative Instruments
Interest Rate DerivativesThe interest rate swaps used by us as hedging instruments have been recorded at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets with changes in fair value recorded contemporaneously in earnings. Additionally, the carrying amount of the associated debt is adjusted through earnings for changes in the fair value arising from changes in benchmark interest rates. Ineffectiveness as defined in a FASB issued standard is recognized to the extent that these two adjustments do not offset. We enter into interest rate swap agreements for the purpose of managing certain of our interest rate exposures. Certain of these swap agreements have been designated as fair value hedges within the guidance of a FASB issued standard. In addition, we have entered into certain interest rate basis swap agreements that do not qualify for hedge accounting, and therefore we have not designated these swap agreements as hedge instruments for accounting purposes. As a result, changes in fair value of the interest rate basis swap agreements are recorded as an adjustment to earnings.
The following table summarizes our outstanding interest rate swap and interest rate basis swap agreements as of December 31, 2010:
(US$ in millions, except percentages)
|
Notional Amount of Hedged Obligation |
Notional Amount of Derivative (4) |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Interest rate swap agreements |
$ | 475 | $ | 725 | |||
Weighted-average rate payable1.56% (1) |
|||||||
Weighted-average rate receivable3.05% (2) |
|||||||
Interest rate basis swap agreements |
$ | 375 | $ | 375 | |||
Weighted-average rate payable0.61% (1) |
|||||||
Weighted-average rate receivable0.26% (3) |
We recognized approximately $9 million, $8 million, and $3 million as a reduction in interest expense in the consolidated statements of income in the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, relating to our outstanding interest rate swap agreements. In addition, in 2010, 2009 and 2008, we recognized gains of approximately $11 million, $11 million and $12 million, respectively, as a reduction of interest expense in the consolidated statements of income, related to the amortization of deferred gains on termination of interest rate swap agreements.
We reclassified approximately $6 million of loss in 2010 and $2 million in each of the years 2009 and 2008 from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in our consolidated balance sheets to interest expense in our consolidated statements of income, which related to settlements of certain derivative contracts designated as cash flow hedges, in connection with forecasted issuances of debt financing. In 2010, we redeemed the debt related to these cash flow hedges (see Note 17 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements).
Foreign exchange derivativesWe use a combination of foreign exchange forward and option contracts in certain of our operations to mitigate the risk from exchange rate fluctuations in connection with anticipated sales denominated in foreign currencies. The foreign exchange forward and option contracts are designated as cash flow hedges. We also use net investment hedges to partially offset the translation adjustments arising from the remeasurement of our investments in Brazilian subsidiaries.
We assess, both at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that are used in hedge transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in the hedged items.
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The table below summarizes the notional amounts of open foreign exchange positions as of December 31, 2010:
|
December 31, 2010 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Exchange Traded | |
|
|
|||||||
|
Non-exchange Traded | |
|||||||||
|
Net (Short) & Long (1) | Unit of Measure |
|||||||||
(US$ in millions)
|
(Short) (2) | Long (2) | |||||||||
Foreign Exchange: |
|||||||||||
Options |
$ | | $ | (24 | ) | $ | 1 | Delta | |||
Forwards |
(111 | ) | (6,710 | ) | 4,528 | Notional | |||||
Swaps |
| (176 | ) | 136 | Notional |
In addition, we have cross-currency interest rate swap agreements with an aggregate notional principal amount of 10 billion Japanese Yen maturing in 2011 for the purpose of managing its currency exposure associated with its 10 billion Japanese Yen term loan due 2011. We have accounted for these cross-currency interest rate swap agreements as fair value hedges.
The following table summarizes our outstanding cross-currency interest rate swap agreements as of December 31, 2010:
(US$ in millions)
|
Notional Amount of Hedged Obligation |
Notional Amount of Derivative (1) (2) |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U.S. dollar/Yen cross-currency interest rate swaps |
$ | 123 | $ | 123 |
Commodity derivativesWe use derivative instruments to manage exposure to movements associated with agricultural commodity prices. We generally use exchange traded futures and options contracts to minimize the effects of changes in the prices of agricultural commodities on our agricultural commodity inventories and forward purchase and sale contracts, but may also from time to time enter into OTC commodity transactions, including swaps, which are settled in cash at maturity or termination based on exchange-quoted futures prices. Changes in fair values of exchange traded futures contracts representing the unrealized gains and/or losses on these instruments are settled daily generally through our wholly-owned futures clearing subsidiary. Forward purchase and sale contracts are primarily settled through delivery of agricultural commodities. While we consider these exchange traded futures and forward purchase and sale contracts to be effective economic hedges, we do not designate or account for the majority of our commodity contracts as hedges. Changes in fair values of these contracts and related readily marketable agricultural commodity inventories are included in cost of goods sold in the consolidated statements of income. The forward contracts require performance of both us and the contract counterparty in future periods. Contracts to purchase agricultural commodities generally relate to current or future crop years for delivery periods quoted by regulated commodity exchanges. Contracts for the sale of agricultural commodities generally do not extend beyond one future crop cycle.
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In addition, we hedge portions of our forecasted oilseed processing production requirements, including forecasted purchases of soybeans and sales of soy commodity products. The instruments used are generally exchange traded futures contracts. Such contracts hedging U.S. oilseed processing activities qualify and are designated as cash flow hedges. Such contracts that are used as economic hedges of other global oilseed processing activities generally do not qualify for hedge accounting as a result of location differences and are therefore not designated as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes.
The table below summarizes the volumes of open agricultural commodities derivative positions as of December 31, 2010.
|
December 31, 2010 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Exchange Traded | Non-exchange Traded | |
||||||||
|
Unit of Measure |
||||||||||
|
Net (Short) & Long (1) | (Short) (2) | Long (2) | ||||||||
Agricultural Commodities |
|||||||||||
Futures |
(12,056,477 | ) | | | Metric Tons | ||||||
Options |
(381,870 | ) | (199,531 | ) | 214,313 | Metric Tons | |||||
Forwards |
| (21,829,007 | ) | 31,258,483 | Metric Tons | ||||||
Swaps |
| (4,767,258 | ) | 408,233 | Metric Tons |
Ocean freight derivativesWe use derivative instruments referred to as freight forward agreements, or FFAs, and FFA options, to hedge portions of our current and anticipated ocean freight costs. A portion of the ocean freight derivatives have been designated as fair value hedges of our firm commitments to purchase time on ocean freight vessels. Changes in the fair value of the ocean freight derivatives that are qualified, designated and highly effective as a fair value hedge, along with the gain or loss on the hedged firm commitments to purchase time on ocean freight vessels that is attributable to the hedged risk, are recorded in earnings. Changes in the fair values of ocean freight derivatives that are not designated as hedges are also recorded in earnings.
The table below summarizes the open ocean freight positions as of December 31, 2010.
|
December 31, 2010 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Exchange Cleared | Non-exchange Cleared | |
||||||||
|
Unit of Measure |
||||||||||
|
Net (Short) & Long (1) | (Short) (2) | Long (2) | ||||||||
Ocean Freight |
|||||||||||
FFA |
(3,874 | ) | (365 | ) | | Hire Days | |||||
FFA Options |
680 | | | Hire Days |
Energy derivativesWe use derivative instruments to manage our exposure to volatility in energy costs. Our operations use substantial amounts of energy, including natural gas, coal, steam and fuel oil, including bunker fuel.
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The table below summarizes the open energy positions as of December 31, 2010.
|
December 31, 2010 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Exchange Traded | Non-exchange Cleared | |
|||||||||
|
Unit of Measure |
|||||||||||
|
Net (Short) & Long (1) | (Short) (2) | Long (2) | |||||||||
Natural Gas (3) |
||||||||||||
Futures |
(1,402,500 | ) | (2,729 | ) | | MMBtus | ||||||
Swaps |
| (25,000 | ) | 1,084,777 | MMBtus | |||||||
Options |
1,264,351 | (102,319 | ) | | MMBtus | |||||||
Energy-Other |
||||||||||||
Futures |
128,680 | | | Metric Tons | ||||||||
Forwards |
| (1,175,045 | ) | 6,657,552 | Metric Tons | |||||||
Swaps |
| (137,000 | ) | 354,000 | Metric Tons | |||||||
Options |
40,815 | | 119,046 | Metric Tons |
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Our financial statements and related schedule required by this item are contained on pages F-1 through F-85 and on page E-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. See Item 15(a) for a listing of financial statements provided.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are the controls and other procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer's management, including the principal executive and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As of December 31, 2010, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as that term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e), as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the fiscal year covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
76
Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Bunge Limited's management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f). Bunge Limited's internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.
We completed the acquisition of Moema in February 2010. As permitted by the SEC, management's assessment did not include the internal control of the acquired operations of Moema, which are included in our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2010 and for the period from the 2010 acquisition date through December 31, 2010. The assets of Moema constituted 7% of our total assets as of December 31, 2010, and Moema revenues constitute 1% of our total net sales for the year ended December 31, 2010.
Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the fiscal year covered by this annual report based on the framework in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
Based on this assessment, which excluded an assessment of the internal control of the acquired operations of Moema, management concluded that Bunge Limited's internal control over financial reporting was effective as of the end of the fiscal year covered by this annual report.
Deloitte & Touche LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that has audited and reported on Bunge Limited's consolidated financial statements included in this annual report, has issued its written attestation report on Bunge Limited's internal control over financial reporting, which is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2010 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
None.
77
Information required by Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III is omitted from this Annual Report on Form 10-K and will be filed in a definitive proxy statement for our 2011 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders.
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance
We will provide information that is responsive to this Item 10 in our definitive proxy statement for our 2011 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders under the captions "Election of Directors," "Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance," "Corporate GovernanceBoard Meetings and CommitteesAudit Committee," "Corporate GovernanceBoard Composition and Independence," "Audit Committee Report," "Corporate GovernanceCorporate Governance Guidelines and Code of Ethics" and possibly elsewhere therein. That information is incorporated in this Item 10 by reference. The information required by this item with respect to our executive officers and key employees is found in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption "Executive Officers and Key Employees of the Company," which information is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
We will provide information that is responsive to this Item 11 in our definitive proxy statement for our 2011 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders under the captions "Executive Compensation," "Director Compensation," "Compensation Committee Report," and possibly elsewhere therein. That information is incorporated in this Item 11 by reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
We will provide information that is responsive to this Item 12 in our definitive proxy statement for our 2011 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders under the caption "Share Ownership of Directors, Executive Officers and Principal Shareholders" and possibly elsewhere therein. That information is incorporated in this Item 12 by reference. The information required by this item with respect to our equity compensation plan information is found in Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption "Equity Compensation Plan Information," which information is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
We will provide information that is responsive to this Item 13 in our definitive proxy statement for our 2011 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders under the captions "Corporate GovernanceBoard Composition and Independence," "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions" and possibly elsewhere therein. That information is incorporated in this Item 13 by reference.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
We will provide information that is responsive to this Item 14 in our definitive proxy statement for our 2011 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders under the caption "Appointment of Independent Auditor" and possibly elsewhere therein. That information is incorporated in this Item 14 by reference.
78
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
See "Index to Consolidated Financial Statements" on page F-1 and Financial Statement Schedule IIValuation and Qualifying Accounts on page E-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Form 10-K.
Certain of the agreements filed as exhibits to this Form 10-K contain representations and warranties by the parties to the agreements that have been made solely for the benefit of the parties to the agreement, which may have been included in the agreement for the purpose of allocating risk between the parties rather than establishing matters as facts and may have been qualified by disclosures that were made to the parties in connection with the negotiation of these agreements and not necessarily reflected in the agreements. Accordingly, the representations and warranties contained in these agreements may not describe the actual state of affairs of Bunge Limited or its subsidiaries as of the date that these representations and warranties were made or at any other time. Investors should not rely on these representations and warranties as statements of fact. Additional information about Bunge Limited and its subsidiaries may be found elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and Bunge Limited's other public filings, which are available without charge through the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.
See "Index to Exhibits" set forth below.
Exhibit Number |
Description | ||
---|---|---|---|
2.1 | Share Purchase and Sale Agreement and Other Covenants, dated January 26, 2010, among Bunge Limited, Bunge Brasil Holdings B.V., Bunge Fertilizantes S.A., Vale S.A. and Mineração Naque S.A. (English Translation) (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 1, 2010) | ||
2.2 |
First Amendment to the Share Purchase and Sale Agreement and Other Covenants among Bunge Limited, Bunge Brasil Holdings B.V., Bunge Fertilizantes S.A., Vale S.A. and Mineração Naque S.A. dated May 21, 2010 (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed August 9, 2010) |
||
3.1 |
Memorandum of Association (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form F-1 (No. 333-65026) filed July 13, 2001) |
||
3.2 |
Bye-laws, as amended May 23, 2008 (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed August 11, 2008) |
||
4.1 |
Form of Common Share Certificate (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 3, 2008) |
||
4.2 |
Certificate of Designation for Cumulative Convertible Perpetual Preference Shares (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 8-K filed November 20, 2006) |
||
4.3 |
Form of Cumulative Convertible Perpetual Preference Share Certificate (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 8-K filed November 20, 2006) |
79
Exhibit Number |
Description | ||
---|---|---|---|
4.4 | The instruments defining the rights of holders of the long-term debt securities of Bunge and its subsidiaries are omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii) of Regulation S-K. Bunge hereby agrees to furnish copies of these instruments to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request | ||
4.5 |
Certificate of Deposit of Memorandum of Increase of Share Capital (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed August 11, 2008) |
||
10.1 |
Pooling Agreement, dated as of August 25, 2000, between Bunge Funding Inc., Bunge Management Services Inc., as Servicer, and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Trustee (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form F-1 (No. 333-65026) filed July 13, 2001) |
||
10.2 |
Second Amended and Restated Series 2000-1 Supplement, dated as of February 26, 2002, between Bunge Funding Inc., Bunge Management Services, Inc., as Servicer, Cooperative Centrale Raiffeisen-Boerenleenbank B.A., "Rabobank International," New York Branch, as Letter of Credit Agent, JPMorgan Chase Bank, as Administrative Agent, The Bank of New York, as Collateral Agent and Trustee, and Bunge Asset Funding Corp., as Series 2000-1 Purchaser, amending and restating the First Amended and Restated Series 2000-1 Supplement, dated July 12, 2001 (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form F-1 (No. 333-81322) filed March 8, 2002) |
||
10.3 |
Sixth Amended and Restated Liquidity Agreement, dated as of June 28, 2004, among Bunge Asset Funding Corp., the financial institutions party thereto, Citibank N.A., as Syndication Agent, BNP Paribas, as Documentation Agent, Credit Suisse First Boston, as Documentation Agent, Cooperative Centrale Raiffeisen-Boerenleenbank B.A., "Rabobank International," New York Branch, as Documentation Agent, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed August 9, 2004) |
||
10.4 |
Eighth Amended and Restated Liquidity Agreement, dated as of October 5, 2007, among Bunge Asset Funding Corp., the financial institutions party thereto, Citibank N.A., as Syndication Agent, BNP Paribas, as Documentation Agent, Credit Suisse, acting through its Cayman Islands branch, as Documentation Agent, Cooperative Centrale Raiffeisen- Boerenleenbank B.A., "Rabobank International," New York Branch, as Documentation Agent, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 3, 2008) |
||
10.5 |
Sixth Amended and Restated Guaranty, dated as of June 11, 2007, between Bunge Limited, as Guarantor, and Cooperatieve Centrale Raiffeisen-Boerenleenbank B.A., "Rabobank International," New York Branch, in its capacity as the letter of credit agent under the Letter of Credit Reimbursement Agreement for the benefit of the Letter of Credit Banks, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., in its capacity as the administrative agent under the Liquidity Agreement, for the benefit of the Liquidity Banks and The Bank of New York, in its capacity as collateral agent under the Security Agreement and as trustee under the Pooling Agreement (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 8-K filed on June 14, 2007) |
||
10.6 |
Facility Agreement, dated as of March 28, 2008, among Bunge Finance Europe B.V., as Borrower, BNP Paribas, Calyon, Fortis Bank (Netherland) N.V. and the Royal Bank of Scotland plc, as Mandated Lead Arrangers, the financial institutions from time to time party thereto, and Fortis Bank (Nederland) N.V., as Agent (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 8-K filed on March 31, 2008) |
80
Exhibit Number |
Description | ||
---|---|---|---|
10.7 | Guaranty, dated as of March 28, 2008, between Bunge Limited, as Guarantor, and Fortis Bank (Netherland) N.V., as Agent (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 8-K filed on March 31, 2008) | ||
10.8 |
Three-Year Revolving Credit Agreement, dated June 3, 2009, among Bunge Limited Finance Corp., as borrower, Citibank, N.A., as syndication agent, BNP Paribas, Calyon New York Branch and CoBank, ACB, as documentation agents, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as administrative agent, and certain lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 8-K filed on June 3, 2009) |
||
10.9 |
Guaranty, dated as of June 3, 2009, between Bunge Limited and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent under the 3-Year Revolving Credit Agreement (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 8-K filed on June 3, 2009) |
||
10.10 |
Facility Agreement, dated November 24, 2009, among Bunge Finance Europe B.V., as Borrower, the several banks and other financial institutions or entities from time to time parties thereto, as Lenders, Fortis Bank (Nederland) N.V., as facility agent (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 8-K filed on November 30, 2009) |
||
10.11 |
Guaranty, dated as of November 24, 2009, between Bunge Limited, as Guarantor, and Fortis Bank (Nederland) N.V., as facility agent (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 8-K filed on November 30, 2009) |
||
10.12 |
Employment Agreement (Amended and Restated as of December 31, 2008) between Bunge Limited and Alberto Weisser (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 2, 2009) |
||
10.13 |
Offer Letter, dated as of February 1, 2008, for Vicente Teixeira (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed May 12, 2008) |
||
10.14 |
Bunge Limited Equity Incentive Plan (Amended and Restated as of December 31, 2008) (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 2, 2009) |
||
10.15 |
Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement (effective as of 2005) under the Bunge Limited Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 15, 2006) |
||
10.16 |
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (effective as of 2005) under the Bunge Limited Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 8-K filed July 8, 2005) |
||
10.17 |
Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit-Target EPS Award Agreement (effective as of 2005) under the Bunge Limited Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 15, 2006) |
||
10.18 |
Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit-Target Operating Profit Award Agreement (effective as of 2005) under the Bunge Limited Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 15, 2006) |
||
10.19 |
Bunge Limited 2009 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Definitive Proxy Statement filed April 3, 2009) |
||
10.20* |
Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement under the 2009 Bunge Limited Equity Incentive Plan |
81
Exhibit Number |
Description | ||
---|---|---|---|
10.21* | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2009 Bunge Limited Equity Incentive Plan | ||
10.22* |
Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit-Target EPS Award Agreement under the 2009 Bunge Limited Equity Incentive Plan |
||
10.23 |
Bunge Limited Non-Employee Directors' Equity Incentive Plan (Amended and Restated as of February 25, 2005) (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 16, 2005) |
||
10.24 |
Bunge Limited 2007 Non-Employee Directors' Equity Incentive Plan (Amended and Restated as of December 31, 2008) (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 2, 2009) |
||
10.25 |
Form of Deferred Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (effective as of 2007) under the Bunge Limited 2007 Non-Employee Directors' Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 3, 2008) |
||
10.26 |
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the Bunge Limited 2007 Non-Employee Directors' Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 1, 2010) |
||
10.27 |
Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Award Agreement (effective as of 2005) under the Bunge Limited Non-Employee Directors' Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 15, 2006) |
||
10.28 |
Bunge Limited Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors (Amended and Restated as of December 31, 2008) (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 2, 2009) |
||
10.29 |
Bunge Excess Benefit Plan (Amended and Restated as of January 1, 2009) (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 2, 2009) |
||
10.30 |
Bunge Excess Contribution Plan (Amended and Restated as of January 1, 2009) (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 2, 2009) |
||
10.31* |
Bunge U.S. SERP (Amended and Restated as of January 1, 2011) |
||
10.32 |
Bunge Limited Employee Deferred Compensation Plan (effective January 1, 2008) (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 2, 2009) |
||
10.33 |
Bunge Limited Annual Incentive Plan (Amended and Restated as of December 31, 2008) (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 2, 2009) |
||
10.34 |
Bunge Limited Annual Incentive Plan (effective January 1, 2011) (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Definitive Proxy Statement filed April 16, 2010) |
||
10.35 |
Offer Letter, dated as of June 21, 2007 for Jacqualyn A. Fouse (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2007) |
||
10.36 |
Offer Letter, amended and restated as of December 31, 2008, for Archibald Gwathmey (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 2, 2009) |
||
10.37 |
Offer Letter, amended and restated as of December 31, 2008, for Andrew J. Burke (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K filed March 2, 2009) |
||
10.38* |
Description of Non-Employee Directors' Compensation as of January 1, 2011 |
82
Exhibit Number |
Description | ||
---|---|---|---|
10.39 | Offer Letter, amended and restated as of February 1, 2009, for D. Benedict Pearcy (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-Q filed May 10, 2010) | ||
10.40 |
Separation Agreement and Release of Claims by and between Bunge Limited and Archibald Gwathmey, effective as of December 31, 2010 (incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 8-K/A filed December 21, 2010) |
||
12.1* |
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges |
||
21.1* |
Subsidiaries of the Registrant |
||
23.1* |
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP |
||
31.1* |
Certification of Bunge Limited's Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act |
||
31.2* |
Certification of Bunge Limited's Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act |
||
32.1* |
Certification of Bunge Limited's Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act |
||
32.2* |
Certification of Bunge Limited's Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act |
||
101** |
The following financial information from Bunge Limited's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (ii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity, (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements and (vi) Schedule IIValuation and Qualifying Accounts. |
83
BUNGE LIMITED
Schedule IIValuation and Qualifying Accounts
(US$ in millions)
|
|
Additions | |
|
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Description
|
Balance at beginning of period |
Charged to costs and expenses |
Charged to other accounts(b) |
Deductions from reserves |
Balance at end of period |
|||||||||||
FOR THE YEAR ENDED |
||||||||||||||||
Allowances for doubtful accounts (a) |
$ | 285 | 95 | (46 | ) | (43) | (c) | $ | 291 | |||||||
Allowance for secured advances to suppliers |
$ | 52 | 33 | (14 | ) | (34) | (c) | $ | 37 | |||||||
Allowances for recoverable taxes |
$ | 135 | 20 | (37 | ) | (14 | ) | $ | 104 | |||||||
Income tax valuation allowance |
$ | 33 | 47 | 14 | (d) | | $ | 94 | ||||||||
FOR THE YEAR ENDED |
||||||||||||||||
Allowances for doubtful accounts (a) |
$ | 291 | 75 | 84 | (100) | (c) | $ | 350 | ||||||||
Allowance for secured advances to suppliers |
$ | 37 | 21 | 17 | | $ | 75 | |||||||||
Allowances for recoverable taxes |
$ | 104 | 34 | 31 | (5 | ) | $ | 164 | ||||||||
Income tax valuation allowance |
$ | 94 | 50 | 5 | (33 | ) | $ | 116 | ||||||||
FOR THE YEAR ENDED |
||||||||||||||||
Allowances for doubtful accounts (a) |
$ | 350 | 58 | 3 | (111) | (c) | $ | 300 | ||||||||
Allowance for secured advances to suppliers |
$ | 75 | 17 | 3 | (8 | ) | $ | 87 | ||||||||
Allowances for recoverable taxes |
$ | 164 | 20 | (20 | ) | (46) | (e) | $ | 118 | |||||||
Income tax valuation allowance |
$ | 116 | 128 | 1 | | $ | 245 |
E-1
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To
the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Bunge Limited
White Plains, New York
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Bunge Limited and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Bunge Limited and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on the criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 28, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
February 28,
2011
New York, New York
F-2
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To
the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Bunge Limited
White Plains, New York
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Bunge Limited and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. As described in Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, management excluded from its assessment the internal control over financial reporting at the five entitites that were formerly part of the Moema Group (collectively, "Moema"), which were acquired in February 2010 and whose combined financial statements constitute 7% of total assets at December 31, 2010 and 1% of net sales for the year ended December 31, 2010. Accordingly, our audit did not include the internal control over financial reporting at Moema. The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company's principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company's board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on the criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
F-3
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended December 31, 2010 of the Company and our report dated February 28, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements and financial statement schedule.
February 28,
2011
New York, New York
F-4
BUNGE LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(U.S. dollars in millions, except per share data)
|
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Net sales |
$ | 45,707 | $ | 41,926 | $ | 52,574 | ||||
Cost of goods sold |
(43,196 | ) | (40,722 | ) | (48,538 | ) | ||||
Gross profit |
2,511 |
1,204 |
4,036 |
|||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
(1,558 | ) | (1,342 | ) | (1,613 | ) | ||||
Gain on sale of fertilizer nutrients assets (Note 3) |
2,440 | | | |||||||
Interest income |
69 | 122 | 214 | |||||||
Interest expense |
(298 | ) | (283 | ) | (361 | ) | ||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt (Note 17) |
(90 | ) | | | ||||||
Foreign exchange gain (loss) |
2 | 469 | (749 | ) | ||||||
Other income (expenses)net |
(26 | ) | (25 | ) | 10 | |||||
Income from operations before income tax |
3,050 |
145 |
1,537 |
|||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit |
(689 | ) | 110 | (245 | ) | |||||
Equity in earnings of affiliates |
27 | 80 | 34 | |||||||
Net income |
2,388 |
335 |
1,326 |
|||||||
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest |
(34 | ) | 26 | (262 | ) | |||||
Net income attributable to Bunge |
2,354 |
361 |
1,064 |
|||||||
Convertible preference share dividends |
(67 | ) | (78 | ) | (78 | ) | ||||
Net income available to Bunge common shareholders |
$ |
2,287 |
$ |
283 |
$ |
986 |
||||
Earnings per common sharebasic (Note 24) |
||||||||||
Earnings to Bunge common shareholders |
$ | 16.20 | $ | 2.24 | $ | 8.11 | ||||
Earnings per common sharediluted (Note 24) |
||||||||||
Earnings to Bunge common shareholders |
$ | 15.06 | $ | 2.22 | $ | 7.73 | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
BUNGE LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(U.S. dollars in millions, except share data)
|
December 31, | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2010 | 2009 | ||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 578 | $ | 553 | ||||
Trade accounts receivable (less allowance of $177 and $192) (Note 18) |
2,901 | 2,363 | ||||||
Inventories (Note 4) |
6,635 | 4,862 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes (Note 14) |
233 | 506 | ||||||
Other current assets (Note 5) |
5,468 | 3,499 | ||||||
Total current assets |
15,815 | 11,783 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net (Note 6) |
5,312 | 5,347 | ||||||
Goodwill (Note 7) |
934 | 427 | ||||||
Other intangible assets, net (Note 8) |
186 | 170 | ||||||
Investments in affiliates (Note 10) |
609 | 622 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes (Note 14) |
1,200 | 979 | ||||||
Other non-current assets (Note 11) |
1,945 | 1,958 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 26,001 | $ | 21,286 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY |
||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||
Short-term debt (Note 16) |
$ | 1,718 | $ | 166 | ||||
Current portion of long-term debt (Note 17) |
612 | 31 | ||||||
Trade accounts payable |
3,637 | 3,275 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes (Note 14) |
262 | 100 | ||||||
Other current liabilities (Note 12) |
3,775 | 2,635 | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
10,004 | 6,207 | ||||||
Long-term debt (Note 17) |
2,551 | 3,618 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes (Note 14) |
84 | 183 | ||||||
Other non-current liabilities |
808 | 913 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 22) |
||||||||
Shareholders' equity (Note 23): |
||||||||
Mandatory convertible preference shares, par value $.01; authorized862,500; issued and outstanding: 2010zero, 2009862,455 shares (liquidation preference $1,000 per share) |
| 863 | ||||||
Convertible perpetual preference shares, par value $.01; authorized issued and outstanding: 2010 and 20096,900,000 shares (liquidation preference $100 per share) |
690 | 690 | ||||||
Common shares, par value $.01; authorized400,000,000 shares; issued: 2010146,635,083 shares, 2009134,096,906 shares |
1 | 1 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
4,793 | 3,625 | ||||||
Retained earnings |
6,153 | 3,996 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
583 | 319 | ||||||
Total Bunge shareholders' equity |
12,220 | 9,494 | ||||||
Noncontrolling interest |
334 | 871 | ||||||
Total equity |
12,554 | 10,365 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity |
$ | 26,001 | $ | 21,286 | ||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
BUNGE LIMITED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(U.S. dollars in millions)
|
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
|||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 2,388 | $ | 335 | $ | 1,326 | |||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash (used for) provided by operating activities: |
|||||||||||||
Foreign exchange loss (gain) on debt |
75 | (606 | ) | 472 | |||||||||
Gain on sale of fertilizer nutrients assets |
(2,440 | ) | | | |||||||||
Impairment of assets |
77 | 31 | 18 | ||||||||||
Bad debt expense |
48 | 55 | 69 | ||||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
443 | 443 | 439 | ||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
60 | 17 | 66 | ||||||||||
Recoverable taxes provision |
3 | 61 | (9 | ) | |||||||||
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment |
(7 | ) | (4 | ) | (14 | ) | |||||||
Deferred income taxes |
160 | (204 | ) | (251 | ) | ||||||||
Equity in earnings of affiliates |
(27 | ) | (80 | ) | (34 | ) | |||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, excluding the effects of acquisitions: |
|||||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable |
(1,560 | ) | 242 | (338 | ) | ||||||||
Inventories |
(1,894 | ) | 1,636 | (905 | ) | ||||||||
Prepaid commodity purchase contracts |
(65 | ) | 86 | 300 | |||||||||
Secured advances to suppliers |
35 | 221 | (143 | ) | |||||||||
Trade accounts payable |
1,305 | (1,427 | ) | 1,161 | |||||||||
Advances on sales |
70 | (8 | ) | (106 | ) | ||||||||
Unrealized net gain/loss on derivative contracts |
(588 | ) | (175 | ) | 184 | ||||||||
Margin deposits |
(382 | ) | (229 | ) | 8 | ||||||||
Recoverable taxes |
(122 | ) | (471 | ) | (428 | ) | |||||||
Accrued liabilities |
15 | (56 | ) | 207 | |||||||||
Othernet |
(29 | ) | (235 | ) | 521 | ||||||||
Cash (used for) provided by operating activities |
(2,435 | ) | (368 | ) | 2,543 | ||||||||
INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
|||||||||||||
Payments made for capital expenditures |
(1,072 | ) | (918 | ) | (896 | ) | |||||||
Acquisitions of businesses (net of cash acquired) and intangible assets |
(252 | ) | (136 | ) | (131 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from sales of fertilizer nutrients assets |
3,914 | | | ||||||||||
Cash disposed of in sale of fertilizer nutrients assets |
(106 | ) | | | |||||||||
Related party (loans) repayments |
(39 | ) | (22 | ) | 47 | ||||||||
Proceeds from (payments for) investments |
50 | 96 | (94 | ) | |||||||||
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment |
16 | 36 | 39 | ||||||||||
Investments in affiliates |
(2 | ) | (8 | ) | (71 | ) | |||||||
Cash provided by (used for) investing activities |
2,509 | (952 | ) | (1,106 | ) | ||||||||
FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
|||||||||||||
Net change in short-term debt with maturities of 90 days or less |
573 |